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Morkovina O, Manukyan P, Sharapkova A. Picture naming test through the prism of cognitive neuroscience and linguistics: adapting the test for cerebellar tumor survivors-or pouring new wine in old sacks? Front Psychol 2024; 15:1332391. [PMID: 38566942 PMCID: PMC10985186 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1332391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
A picture naming test (PNT) has long been regarded as an integral part of neuropsychological assessment. In current research and clinical practice, it serves a variety of purposes. PNTs are used to assess the severity of speech impairment in aphasia, monitor possible cognitive decline in aging patients with or without age-related neurodegenerative disorders, track language development in children and map eloquent brain areas to be spared during surgery. In research settings, picture naming tests provide an insight into the process of lexical retrieval in monolingual and bilingual speakers. However, while numerous advances have occurred in linguistics and neuroscience since the classic, most widespread PNTs were developed, few of them have found their way into test design. Consequently, despite the popularity of PNTs in clinical and research practice, their relevance and objectivity remain questionable. The present study provides an overview of literature where relevant criticisms and concerns have been expressed over the recent decades. It aims to determine whether there is a significant gap between conventional test design and the current understanding of the mechanisms underlying lexical retrieval by focusing on the parameters that have been experimentally proven to influence picture naming. We discuss here the implications of these findings for improving and facilitating test design within the picture naming paradigm. Subsequently, we highlight the importance of designing specialized tests with a particular target group in mind, so that test variables could be selected for cerebellar tumor survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Morkovina
- Laboratory of Diagnostics and Advancing Cognitive Functions, Research Institute for Brain Development and Peak Performance, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of English, Faculty of Computational Mathematics and Cybernetics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Piruza Manukyan
- Laboratory of Diagnostics and Advancing Cognitive Functions, Research Institute for Brain Development and Peak Performance, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Sharapkova
- Laboratory of Diagnostics and Advancing Cognitive Functions, Research Institute for Brain Development and Peak Performance, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of English Linguistics, Faculty of Philology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Norman R, Flaugher T, Chang S, Power E. Self-Perception of Cognitive-Communication Functions After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2023; 32:883-906. [PMID: 36645876 PMCID: PMC10166193 DOI: 10.1044/2022_ajslp-22-00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE A mixed-method approach was used to investigate the lived experiences of adults with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). The study aimed to understand the perceived relationship between cognitive-communication problems, thinking and communication concerns, and neurobehavioral symptoms. We hypothesized that individuals with cognitive-communication problems would attribute their problems with communication to their mTBI history and their self-perceived problems would be correlated with symptomatology. METHOD The Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI) and an online cognitive-communication survey was used to conduct a study of 30 adults with mTBI history. Quantitative survey and NSI scores were analyzed with content analysis and correlational statistics. RESULTS The average NSI Total score was 17 with the following subscale scores: somatic (5), affective (8), and cognitive (3.9). Participants reported problems with expressive communication (56%), comprehension (80%), thinking (63%), and social skills (60%). Content analysis revealed problems in the following areas: expression (e.g., verbal, and written language), comprehension (reading and verbal comprehension), cognition (e.g., attention, memory and speed of processing, error regulation), and functional consequences (e.g., academic work, social problems, and anxiety and stress). A Pearson correlation indicated a statistically significant relationship (p < .01) between the Communication Survey Total and the Total, Somatic, Affective, and Cognitive subscales. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights a multifactorial basis of cognitive-communication impairment in adults with mTBI. We show that those with mTBI history perceive difficulties with cognitive-communication skills: conversations, writing, and short-term memory/attention. Furthermore, those with mTBI perceive their cognitive-communication problems after injury have impacted their vocational, social, and academic success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocio Norman
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
| | - Tara Flaugher
- Department of Neuroscience, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio
| | - Sharon Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head & Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Emma Power
- University of Technology Sydney, Speech Pathology, New South Wales, Australia
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Ledwidge PS, Jones CM, Huston CA, Trenkamp M, Bator B, Laeng J. Electrophysiology reveals cognitive-linguistic alterations after concussion. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2022; 233:105166. [PMID: 35970083 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2022.105166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Language deficits and alterations to the N400 ERP are commonly reported in aphasia and moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), but have seldomly been investigated after mild TBI, such as concussion. In the present study, the N400 was recorded from young adults within 1-month after concussion and matched controls during a sentence processing task. The N400 recorded to semantically incongruent sentence-final words was significantly more negative and with a more anterior distribution in the concussion group than control group. Among the concussion group, a weaker N400 was associated with more concussion symptoms, slower response time, and poorer executive functioning. Multiple regression results showed that concussion occurrence and male gender were independently associated with a more negative N400-effect, whereas symptoms were associated with a weaker N400. These findings provide novel evidence that alterations to lexical-semantic networks may occur after concussion and vary based on individual differences in post-concussion symptoms and cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick S Ledwidge
- Department of Psychology, Baldwin Wallace University, 275 Eastland Rd., Berea, OH 44017, USA.
| | - Christa M Jones
- Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, Baldwin Wallace University, 275 Eastland Rd., Berea, OH 44017, USA
| | - Chloe A Huston
- Department of Psychology, Baldwin Wallace University, 275 Eastland Rd., Berea, OH 44017, USA
| | - Madison Trenkamp
- Department of Psychology, Baldwin Wallace University, 275 Eastland Rd., Berea, OH 44017, USA
| | - Bryan Bator
- Department of Psychology, Baldwin Wallace University, 275 Eastland Rd., Berea, OH 44017, USA
| | - Jennie Laeng
- Cleveland Clinic, Taussig Cancer Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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Heled E, Tal K, Zeilig G. Does lack of brain injury mean lack of cognitive impairment in traumatic spinal cord injury? J Spinal Cord Med 2022; 45:373-380. [PMID: 33320804 PMCID: PMC9135427 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2020.1847564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI) has implications in many areas, including cognitive functioning. Findings regarding cognitive problems in people with SCI are inconsistent, presumably due to multiple variables than can affect performance, among them emotional variables. The purpose of the current study was to elucidate cognitive sequalae in some individuals with tSCI with no medical record of brain injury, while taking emotional variables into consideration. DESIGN Cross-sectional, with two groups. SETTING A public rehabilitation center. PARTICIPANTS Twenty participants with tSCI at least ten months post injury and twenty non-SCI controls, matched for sex, age, and education. INTERVENTION None. OUTCOME MEASURES A battery of neuropsychological tests tapping executive functions, memory, attention, and naming abilities, in addition to questionnaires assessing depression and distress. RESULTS When emotional variables were statistically controlled, participants with tSCI showed higher levels of depression and distress and scored lower than non-SCI control participants on all cognitive tests except naming. Executive functions were found to have the highest effect size, though no specific ability was sensitive enough to differentiate between the groups in a binary logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSION In some individuals with chronic tSCI, lower cognitive ability that is unrelated to emotional distress might result from spinal cord damage and its implications in a population who's medical records show no indication of brain injury. This highlights the importance of conducting cognitive evaluation following SCI, so that deficits can be effectively addressed during rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyal Heled
- Department of Psychology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel,Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel,Correspondence to: Eyal Heled, Department of Psychology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel; Ph: +972-502-310313; +972-3-9191437.
| | - Keren Tal
- Department of Psychology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Gabi Zeilig
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Dinnes CR, Hux K. Perceptions About Writing by Adults With Moderate or Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2022; 31:838-853. [PMID: 35085027 DOI: 10.1044/2021_ajslp-21-00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Writing challenges can cause ongoing distress and limit resumption of pre-injury activities following traumatic brain injury (TBI); however, little TBI research or clinical practice addresses written communication. Understanding the writing perceptions and experiences of adults engaged in intensive, inpatient rehabilitation following hospital discharge for TBI is an initial step in addressing this situation. METHOD Transcendental phenomenology served to structure this qualitative research. Six adults between 2 and 6 months post-TBI participated in a common experience of writing about a personal memorable event. Standardized test scores and symptom ratings provided descriptive information about participants. Additionally, participants completed the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory and NASA Task Load Index and engaged in semistructured interviews to describe writing perceptions and experiences. RESULTS Data analysis revealed themes and subthemes about writing perceptions, challenges, and support strategies. Participants varied in their perceptions of post-injury writing changes. Test results revealed areas of challenge for all participants, but only half reported awareness of writing changes. Those aware of changes differed from other participants regarding word retrieval, memory, and concentration as well as overall effort expended, frustration, and performance quality. Although all participants relied on writing supports, only one had adjusted multiple writing strategies following injury. CONCLUSIONS Some adults with TBI are aware of writing changes while receiving posthospital, inpatient rehabilitation services, but others deny such changes. This differs from reports concerning later recovery stages, perhaps because few functional writing opportunities arise during rehabilitation. Application of compensatory strategies specific to post-injury writing challenges is unlikely while awareness remains limited.
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Norman RS, Mueller KD, Huerta P, Shah MN, Turkstra LS, Power E. Discourse Performance in Adults With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, Orthopedic Injuries, and Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury, and Healthy Controls. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2022; 31:67-83. [PMID: 34694868 PMCID: PMC9135020 DOI: 10.1044/2021_ajslp-20-00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adults with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) are at risk for communication disorders, yet studies exploring cognitive-communication performance are currently lacking. AIMS This aim of this study was to characterize discourse-level performance by adults with mTBI on a standardized elicitation task and compare it to (a) healthy adults, (b) adults with orthopedic injuries (OIs), and (c) adults with moderate to severe TBI. METHOD This study used a cross-sectional design. The participants included mTBI and OI groups recruited prospectively from an emergency medicine department. Moderate to severe TBI and healthy data were acquired from TalkBank. One-way analyses of variance were used to compare mean linguistic scores. RESULTS Seventy participants across all groups were recruited. Groups did not differ on demographic variables. The study found significant differences in both content and productivity measures among the groups. Variables did not appear sensitive to differentiate between mTBI and OI groups. DISCUSSION Cognitive and language performance of adults with mTBI is a pressing clinical issue. Studies exploring language with carefully selected control groups can influence the development of sensitive measures to identify individuals with cognitive-communication deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío S. Norman
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
| | - Kimberly D. Mueller
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Wisconsin–Madison
| | - Paola Huerta
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
| | - Manish N. Shah
- BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin–Madison
| | - Lyn S. Turkstra
- Speech-Language Pathology Program, School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emma Power
- Speech Pathology, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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LeBlanc J, Seresova A, Laberge-Poirier A, Tabet S, Alturki AY, Feyz M, de Guise E. Cognitive-communication performance following mild traumatic brain injury: Influence of sex, age, education, site of lesion and bilingualism. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE & COMMUNICATION DISORDERS 2021; 56:130-144. [PMID: 33368845 DOI: 10.1111/1460-6984.12589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although previous research studies have defined several prognostic factors that affect cognitive-communication performance in patients with all traumatic brain injury (TBI) severity, little is known about what variables are associated with cognitive-communication impairment in complicated mild TBI (mTBI) specifically. AIMS To determine which demographic and trauma-related factors are associated with cognitive-communication performance in the early recovery phase of acute care following a complicated mTBI. METHODS & PROCEDURES Demographic and accident-related data as well as the scores on cognitive-communication skill measures in the areas of auditory comprehension (complex ideational material subtest of the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination), verbal reasoning (verbal absurdities subtest of the Detroit Test of Learning Aptitude), confrontation naming (short form of the Boston Naming Test), verbal fluency (semantic category and letter category naming), and conversational discourse (conversational checklist of the Protocole Montréal d'évaluation de la communication) were retrospectively collected from the medical records of 128 patients with complicated mTBI admitted to a tertiary care trauma hospital. Multiple linear regressions analyses were carried out on the variables sex, age, education level, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, lesion site and bilingualism. OUTCOMES & RESULTS Females performed better than males on letter-category naming, while those more advanced in age performed worse on most cognitive-communication measures. Patients with higher education achieved better confrontation and letter-category naming, whereas reading comprehension results were worse with a lower GCS score. Bilingual individuals presented more difficulty in conversational discourse skills than those who spoke only one language. In terms of site of lesion, the presence of a right frontal injury was associated with worse auditory and reading comprehension and an occipital lesion was related to worse confrontation naming. CONCLUSIONS & IMPLICATIONS Cognitive-communication skills should be evaluated early in all patients with complicated mTBI, but especially in those who are advanced in age, those with fewer years of education and those who present with lower GCS scores, in order to determine rehabilitation needs. The findings of this study will allow acute care clinicians to better understand how various demographic and injury-related factors affect cognitive-communication skills after complicated mTBI and to better nuance the interpretation of their evaluation results in order to improve clinical care. Further study is required regarding the influence of lesion location, sex and bilingualism following complicated mTBI. What this paper adds What is already known on the subject In early acute recovery studies including all severity of TBI, cognitive-communication performance was poorer in individuals with more advanced age, those with fewer years of education and with more severe TBI. It is not yet known which demographic and injury-related variables predict cognitive-communication performance after a complicated mTBI specifically. What this paper adds to existing knowledge We confirmed that age, level of education and TBI severity, as measured with the GCS score, were associated with some areas of cognitive-communication performance for a group of patients in the acute stage of recovery from a complicated mTBI. We also identified that sex, bilingualism and site of lesion were new variables that show an influence on aspects of cognitive-communication skills in this group of patients. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work? The findings of this study on prognostic factors in the case of complicated mTBI will help acute care clinicians to better understand evaluation results knowing the variables that can influence cognitive-communication performance and to nuance the interpretation of these results with the goal of determining rehabilitation needs and enhancing clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne LeBlanc
- Traumatic Brain Injury Program, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alena Seresova
- Traumatic Brain Injury Program, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Sabrina Tabet
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Abdulrahman Y Alturki
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Adult Neurosurgery Department, National Neurosciences Institute, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mitra Feyz
- Traumatic Brain Injury Program, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Elaine de Guise
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche interdisciplinaire en réadaptation du Montréal métropolitain (CRIR), Montreal, QC, Canada
- Research Institute, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Norman RS, Shah MN, Turkstra LS. Reaction time and cognitive-linguistic performance in adults with mild traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj 2019; 33:1173-1183. [PMID: 31291747 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2019.1632487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to characterize cognitive-linguistic performance in adults with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) to advance assessment and treatment practices. We hypothesized that individuals with mTBI would demonstrate longer reaction times (RTs) and greater error rates when compared to an orthopedic injury (OI) group on a category-naming task. Method: Participants were age and education-matched adults with mTBI (n = 20; 12 females) and adults with OI (n = 21; 5 females) who were discharged to home after an Emergency Department visit. Our primary task was a category-naming task shown to be sensitive to language deficits after mTBI. The task was adapted and administered under speeded and unspeeded conditions. Results: There was a significant main effect of condition on RT (speeded faster than unspeeded) and accuracy (more errors in the speeded condition). There was a marginally significant effect of group on errors, with more errors in the mTBI group than the OI group. Naming RT and accuracy in both conditions were moderately correlated with injury variables and symptom burden. Conclusions: Our data showed a marginal effect of group on accuracy of performance. Correlations found between naming and neurobehavioural symptoms, including sleep quality, suggest that the latter should be considered in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío S Norman
- a Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , WI , USA
| | - Manish N Shah
- b BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health , Madison , WI , USA
| | - Lyn S Turkstra
- a Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , WI , USA.,c Neuroscience Training Program and Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , WI , USA
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Stockbridge MD, Doran A, King K, Newman RS. The effects of concussion on rapid picture naming in children. Brain Inj 2018; 32:506-514. [DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2018.1429660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa D Stockbridge
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Anthony Doran
- HeadFirst Sports Injury and Concussion Care, Waugh Chapel, MD, USA
| | | | - Rochelle S Newman
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
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MacDonald S. Introducing the model of cognitive-communication competence: A model to guide evidence-based communication interventions after brain injury. Brain Inj 2017; 31:1760-1780. [DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2017.1379613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheila MacDonald
- Adjunct Lecturer, Department of Speech-Language Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Owner, Sheila MacDonald & Associates, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Thiele K, Quinting JM, Stenneken P. New ways to analyze word generation performance in brain injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis of additional performance measures. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2016; 38:764-81. [DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2016.1163327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Cognitive correlates of narrative impairment in moderate traumatic brain injury. Neuropsychologia 2014; 64:282-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 08/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Otis JD, McGlinchey R, Vasterling JJ, Kerns RD. Complicating factors associated with mild traumatic brain injury: impact on pain and posttraumatic stress disorder treatment. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2011; 18:145-54. [PMID: 21626354 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-011-9239-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The nature of combat in Iraq and Afghanistan has resulted in high rates of comorbidity among chronic pain, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in Veterans of Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF). Although separate evidence-based psychological treatments have been developed for chronic pain and PTSD, far less is known about how to approach treatment when these conditions co-occur, and especially when they co-occur with mTBI. To provide the best care possible for OEF/OIF Veterans, clinicians need to have a clearer understanding of how to identify these conditions, ways in which these conditions may interact with one another, and ways in which existing evidence-based treatments can be modified to meet the needs of individuals with mTBI. The purpose of the present paper is to review the comorbidity of pain, PTSD, and mTBI in OEF/OIF Veterans, and provide recommendations to clinicians who provide care to Veterans with these conditions. First, we will begin with an overview of the presentation, symptomatology, and treatment of chronic pain and PTSD. The challenges associated with mTBI in OEF/OIF Veterans will be reported and data will be presented on the comorbidity among all three of these conditions in OEF/OIF Veterans. Second, we will present recommendations for providing psychological treatment for chronic pain and PTSD when comorbid with mTBI. Finally, the paper concludes with a discussion of the need for a multidisciplinary treatment approach, as well as a call for continued research to further refine existing treatments for these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Otis
- Research Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130-4893, USA.
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Friess SH, Ichord RN, Ralston J, Ryall K, Helfaer MA, Smith C, Margulies SS. Repeated traumatic brain injury affects composite cognitive function in piglets. J Neurotrauma 2010; 26:1111-21. [PMID: 19275468 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2008.0845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cumulative effects of repetitive mild head injury in the pediatric population are unknown. We have developed a cognitive composite dysfunction score that correlates white matter injury severity in neonatal piglets with neurobehavioral assessments of executive function, memory, learning, and problem solving. Anesthetized 3- to 5-day-old piglets were subjected to single (n = 7), double one day apart (n = 7), and double one week apart (n = 7) moderate (190 rad/s) rapid non-impact axial rotations of the head and compared to instrumented shams (n = 7). Animals experiencing two head rotations one day apart had a significantly higher mortality rate (43%) compared to the other groups and had higher failures rates in visual-based problem solving compared to instrumented shams. White matter injury, assessed by beta-APP staining, was significantly higher in the double one week apart group compared to that with single injury and sham. Worsening performance on cognitive composite score correlated well with increasing severity of white matter axonal injury. In our immature large animal model of TBI, two head rotations produced poorer outcome as assessed by neuropathology and neurobehavioral functional outcomes compared to that with single rotations. More importantly, we have observed an increase in injury severity and mortality when the head rotations occur 24 h apart compared to 7 days apart. These observations have important clinical translation to infants subjected to repeated inflicted head trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart H Friess
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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De Monte VE, Geffen GM, May CR, McFarland K. Improved sensitivity of the rapid screen of mild traumatic brain injury. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2010; 32:28-37. [DOI: 10.1080/13803390902806519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Eileen De Monte
- a Cognitive Psychophysiology Laboratory , University of Queensland , Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gina Malke Geffen
- a Cognitive Psychophysiology Laboratory , University of Queensland , Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Christopher Randall May
- b Department of Emergency Medicine , Royal Brisbane Hospital , Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ken McFarland
- c School of Psychology , University of Queensland , Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Vasterling JJ, Verfaellie M, Sullivan KD. Mild traumatic brain injury and posttraumatic stress disorder in returning veterans: perspectives from cognitive neuroscience. Clin Psychol Rev 2009; 29:674-84. [PMID: 19744760 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2009.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2009] [Revised: 08/11/2009] [Accepted: 08/13/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A significant proportion of military personnel deployed in support of Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) has been exposed to war-zone events potentially associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). There has been significant controversy regarding healthcare policy for those service members and military veterans who returned from OEF/OIF deployments with both mild TBI and PTSD. There is currently little empirical evidence available to address these controversies. This review uses a cognitive neuroscience framework to address the potential impact of mild TBI on the development, course, and clinical management of PTSD. The field would benefit from research efforts that take into consideration the potential differential impact of mild TBI with versus without persistent cognitive deficits, longitudinal work examining the trajectory of PTSD symptoms when index trauma events involve TBI, randomized clinical trials designed to examine the impact of mild TBI on response to existing PTSD treatment interventions, and development and examination of potential treatment augmentation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer J Vasterling
- Psychology Service and VA National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, (116B), 150 S. Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02130, USA.
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Neuropsychology and clinical neuroscience of persistent post-concussive syndrome. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2008; 14:1-22. [PMID: 18078527 DOI: 10.1017/s135561770808017x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2007] [Revised: 08/16/2007] [Accepted: 08/16/2007] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
On the mild end of the acquired brain injury spectrum, the terms concussion and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) have been used interchangeably, where persistent post-concussive syndrome (PPCS) has been a label given when symptoms persist for more than three months post-concussion. Whereas a brief history of concussion research is overviewed, the focus of this review is on the current status of PPCS as a clinical entity from the perspective of recent advances in the biomechanical modeling of concussion in human and animal studies, particularly directed at a better understanding of the neuropathology associated with concussion. These studies implicate common regions of injury, including the upper brainstem, base of the frontal lobe, hypothalamic-pituitary axis, medial temporal lobe, fornix, and corpus callosum. Limitations of current neuropsychological techniques for the clinical assessment of memory and executive function are explored and recommendations for improved research designs offered, that may enhance the study of long-term neuropsychological sequelae of concussion.
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