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Huerta de la Cruz S, Santiago-Castañeda C, Rodríguez-Palma EJ, Rocha L, Sancho M. Lateral fluid percussion injury: A rat model of experimental traumatic brain injury. Methods Cell Biol 2024; 185:197-224. [PMID: 38556449 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2024.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents one of the leading causes of disability and death worldwide. The annual economic impact of TBI-including direct and indirect costs-is high, particularly impacting low- and middle-income countries. Despite extensive research, a comprehensive understanding of the primary and secondary TBI pathophysiology, followed by the development of promising therapeutic approaches, remains limited. These fundamental caveats in knowledge have motivated the development of various experimental models to explore the molecular mechanisms underpinning the pathogenesis of TBI. In this context, the Lateral Fluid Percussion Injury (LFPI) model produces a brain injury that mimics most of the neurological and systemic aspects observed in human TBI. Moreover, its high reproducibility makes the LFPI model one of the most widely used rodent-based TBI models. In this chapter, we provide a detailed surgical protocol of the LFPI model used to induce TBI in adult Wistar rats. We further highlight the neuroscore test as a valuable tool for the evaluation of TBI-induced sensorimotor consequences and their severity in rats. Lastly, we briefly summarize the current knowledge on the pathological aspects and functional outcomes observed in the LFPI-induced TBI model in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saúl Huerta de la Cruz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States; Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav Sede Sur, Ciudad de México, México.
| | | | - Erick J Rodríguez-Palma
- Neurobiology of Pain Laboratory, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav, Sede Sur, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luisa Rocha
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav Sede Sur, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Maria Sancho
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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2
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Atkinson E, Dickman R. Growth factors and their peptide mimetics for treatment of traumatic brain injury. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 90:117368. [PMID: 37331175 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of disability in adults, caused by a physical insult damaging the brain. Growth factor-based therapies have the potential to reduce the effects of secondary injury and improve outcomes by providing neuroprotection against glutamate excitotoxicity, oxidative damage, hypoxia, and ischemia, as well as promoting neurite outgrowth and the formation of new blood vessels. Despite promising evidence in preclinical studies, few neurotrophic factors have been tested in clinical trials for TBI. Translation to the clinic is not trivial and is limited by the short in vivo half-life of the protein, the inability to cross the blood-brain barrier and human delivery systems. Synthetic peptide mimetics have the potential to be used in place of recombinant growth factors, activating the same downstream signalling pathways, with a decrease in size and more favourable pharmacokinetic properties. In this review, we will discuss growth factors with the potential to modulate damage caused by secondary injury mechanisms following a traumatic brain injury that have been trialled in other indications including spinal cord injury, stroke and neurodegenerative diseases. Peptide mimetics of nerve growth factor (NGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), glial cell line-derived growth factor (GDNF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) will be highlighted, most of which have not yet been tested in preclinical or clinical models of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Atkinson
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
| | - Rachael Dickman
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
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3
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Wang Y, Jia F, Lin Y. Poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles-delivered β-nerve growth factor promotes the neurite outgrowth and reduces the mortality in the rat after traumatic brain injury. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:135101. [PMID: 34929684 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac44e8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Several transport vectors, including nanoparticles, have been reported to be used for the delivery of therapeutic medicines crossing the impermeable blood-brain barrier (BBB) to treat the diseases in the central nerve system (CNS), such as traumatic brain injury (TBI). Poly(n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate) (PBCA) nanoparticles, made from biocompatible material, are regarded as a better potential delivery tool than others such as gold nanoparticles due to their degradabilityin vivo. However, little is known whether PBCA nanoparticles can be used to deliver neurotrophic factors into the brain to treat TBI. In this study, we first synthesized PBCA-carriedβ-nerve growth factor, a neurotrophic agent with a large molecular weight, and then intravenously injected the compound into TBI rats. We found that despite undergoing several synthesis steps and host circulation,β-NGF was able to be successfully delivered into the injured brain by PBCA nanoparticles, still maintain its neurotrophic activity for neurite outgrowth, and reduce the mortality of TBI rats. Our findings indicate that PBCA nanoparticles, with Tween 80, are an efficient delivery vector and a protective reservoir for large molecular therapeutic agents to treat TBI intravenously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Lin
- Traumatic Brain Injury Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China
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Brady RD, Bird S, Sun M, Yamakawa GR, Major BP, Mychasiuk R, O'Brien TJ, McDonald SJ, Shultz SR. Activation of the Protein Kinase R-Like Endoplasmic Reticulum Kinase (PERK) Pathway of the Unfolded Protein Response after Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury and Treatment with a PERK Inhibitor. Neurotrauma Rep 2021; 2:330-342. [PMID: 34318301 PMCID: PMC8310749 DOI: 10.1089/neur.2021.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegeneration after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is increasingly recognized as a key factor contributing to poor chronic outcomes. Activation (i.e., phosphorylation) of the protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) pathway has been implicated in neurodegenerative conditions with pathological similarities to TBI and may be a potential target to improve TBI outcomes. Here, we aimed to determine whether a moderate TBI would induce activation of the PERK pathway and whether treatment with the PERK inhibitor, GSK2606414, would improve TBI recovery. Male mice were administered a lateral fluid percussion injury (FPI) or sham injury and were euthanized at either 2 h, 24 h, or 1 week post-injury (n = 5 per injury group and time point) to assess changes in the PERK pathway. In the injured cortex, there was increased phosphorylated-PERK at 2 h post-FPI and increased phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor α at 24 h post-FPI. We next examined the effect of acute treatment with GSK2606414 on pathological and behavioral outcomes at 4 weeks post-injury. Thus, there were a total of four groups: sham + VEH (n = 9); sham + GSK4606414 (n = 10); FPI + VEH (n = 9); and FPI + GSK2606414 (n = 9). GSK2606414 (50 mg/kg) or vehicle treatment was delivered by oral gavage beginning at 30 min post-injury, followed by two further treatments at 12-h increments. There were no significant effects of GSK2606414 on any of the outcomes assessed, which could be attributable to several reasons. For example, activation of PERK may not be a significant contributor to the neurological consequences 4 weeks post-FPI in mice. Further research is required to elucidate the role of the PERK pathway in TBI and whether interventions that target this pathway are beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhys D Brady
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stefanie Bird
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mujun Sun
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Glenn R Yamakawa
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brendan P Major
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richelle Mychasiuk
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Terence J O'Brien
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stuart J McDonald
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sandy R Shultz
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Shultz SR, McDonald SJ, Corrigan F, Semple BD, Salberg S, Zamani A, Jones NC, Mychasiuk R. Clinical Relevance of Behavior Testing in Animal Models of Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2020; 37:2381-2400. [DOI: 10.1089/neu.2018.6149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sandy R. Shultz
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stuart J. McDonald
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Frances Corrigan
- Department of Anatomy, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Bridgette D. Semple
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sabrina Salberg
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Akram Zamani
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nigel C. Jones
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richelle Mychasiuk
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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6
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Pham L, Wright DK, O'Brien WT, Bain J, Huang C, Sun M, Casillas-Espinosa PM, Shah AD, Schittenhelm RB, Sobey CG, Brady RD, O'Brien TJ, Mychasiuk R, Shultz SR, McDonald SJ. Behavioral, axonal, and proteomic alterations following repeated mild traumatic brain injury: Novel insights using a clinically relevant rat model. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 148:105151. [PMID: 33127468 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A history of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is linked to a number of chronic neurological conditions, however there is still much unknown about the underlying mechanisms. To provide new insights, this study used a clinically relevant model of repeated mTBI in rats to characterize the acute and chronic neuropathological and neurobehavioral consequences of these injuries. Rats were given four sham-injuries or four mTBIs and allocated to 7-day or 3.5-months post-injury recovery groups. Behavioral analysis assessed sensorimotor function, locomotion, anxiety, and spatial memory. Neuropathological analysis included serum quantification of neurofilament light (NfL), mass spectrometry of the hippocampal proteome, and ex vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Repeated mTBI rats had evidence of acute cognitive deficits and prolonged sensorimotor impairments. Serum NfL was elevated at 7 days post injury, with levels correlating with sensorimotor deficits; however, no NfL differences were observed at 3.5 months. Several hippocampal proteins were altered by repeated mTBI, including those associated with energy metabolism, neuroinflammation, and impaired neurogenic capacity. Diffusion MRI analysis at 3.5 months found widespread reductions in white matter integrity. Taken together, these findings provide novel insights into the nature and progression of repeated mTBI neuropathology that may underlie lingering or chronic neurobehavioral deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Pham
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - David K Wright
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - William T O'Brien
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Jesse Bain
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Cheng Huang
- Monash Proteomics & Metabolomics Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Mujun Sun
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Pablo M Casillas-Espinosa
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Anup D Shah
- Monash Proteomics & Metabolomics Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia; Monash Bioinformatics Platform, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Ralf B Schittenhelm
- Monash Proteomics & Metabolomics Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Christopher G Sobey
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Rhys D Brady
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Terence J O'Brien
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; Department of Neurology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Richelle Mychasiuk
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Sandy R Shultz
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; Department of Neurology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Stuart J McDonald
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia; Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
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7
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Ah Kim H, Semple BD, Dill LK, Pham L, Dworkin S, Zhang SR, Lim R, Sobey CG, McDonald SJ. Systemic treatment with human amnion epithelial cells after experimental traumatic brain injury. Brain Behav Immun Health 2020; 5:100072. [PMID: 34589854 PMCID: PMC8474600 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic administration of human amnion epithelial cells (hAECs) was recently shown to reduce neuropathology and improve functional recovery following ischemic stroke in both mice and marmosets. Given the significant neuropathological overlap between ischemic stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI), we hypothesized that a similar hAEC treatment regime would also improve TBI outcomes. Male mice (12 weeks old, n = 40) were given a sham injury or moderate severity TBI by controlled cortical impact. At 60 min post-injury, mice were given a single tail vein injection of either saline (vehicle) or 1 × 106 hAECs suspended in saline. At 24 h post-injury, mice were assessed for locomotion and anxiety using an open field, and sensorimotor ability using a rotarod. At 48 h post-injury, brains were collected for analysis of immune cells via flow cytometry, or histological evaluation of lesion volume and hAEC penetration. To assess the impact of TBI and hAECs on lymphoid organs, spleen and thymus weights were determined. Treatment with hAECs did not prevent TBI-induced sensorimotor deficits at 24 h post-injury. hAECs were detected in the injured brain parenchyma; however, lesion volume was not altered by hAEC treatment. Robust increases in several leukocyte populations in the ipsilateral hemisphere of TBI mice were found when compared to sham mice at 48 h post-injury; however, hAEC treatment did not alter brain immune cell numbers. Both TBI and hAEC treatment were found to increase spleen weight. Taken together, these findings indicate that-unlike in ischemic stroke-treatment with hAEC was unable to prevent immune cell infiltration and sensorimotor deficits in the acute stages following controlled cortical impact in mice. Although further investigations are required, our data suggests that the lack of hAEC-induced neuroprotection in the current study may be explained by the differential splenic contributions to neuropathology between these brain injury models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ah Kim
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Bridgette D Semple
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Larissa K Dill
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Louise Pham
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Sebastian Dworkin
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Shenpeng R Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Rebecca Lim
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher G Sobey
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Stuart J McDonald
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.,Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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8
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Tan XL, Zheng P, Wright DK, Sun M, Brady RD, Liu S, McDonald SJ, Mychasiuk R, Cenap S, Jones NC, O’Brien TJ, Shultz SR. The genetic ablation of tau improves long-term, but not short-term, functional outcomes after experimental traumatic brain injury in mice. Brain Inj 2019; 34:131-139. [DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2019.1667539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lin Tan
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Ping Zheng
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - David K. Wright
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia
| | - Mujun Sun
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rhys D. Brady
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Shijie Liu
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stuart J. McDonald
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Richelle Mychasiuk
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sitare Cenap
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nigel C. Jones
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Terence J. O’Brien
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sandy R. Shultz
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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9
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Pham L, Shultz SR, Kim HA, Brady RD, Wortman RC, Genders SG, Hale MW, O'Shea RD, Djouma E, van den Buuse M, Church JE, Christie BR, Drummond GR, Sobey CG, McDonald SJ. Mild Closed-Head Injury in Conscious Rats Causes Transient Neurobehavioral and Glial Disturbances: A Novel Experimental Model of Concussion. J Neurotrauma 2019; 36:2260-2271. [DOI: 10.1089/neu.2018.6169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Louise Pham
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Sandy R. Shultz
- Department Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hyun Ah Kim
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Rhys D. Brady
- Department Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ryan C. Wortman
- Department Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Shannyn G. Genders
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Matthew W. Hale
- Department of Psychology and Counseling, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Ross D. O'Shea
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Elvan Djouma
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Maarten van den Buuse
- Department of Psychology and Counseling, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- The College of Public Health, Medical, and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jarrod E. Church
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Brian R. Christie
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Grant R. Drummond
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Christopher G. Sobey
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Stuart J. McDonald
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
- Department Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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10
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Ndode-Ekane XE, Santana-Gomez C, Casillas-Espinosa PM, Ali I, Brady RD, Smith G, Andrade P, Immonen R, Puhakka N, Hudson MR, Braine EL, Shultz SR, Staba RJ, O'Brien TJ, Pitkänen A. Harmonization of lateral fluid-percussion injury model production and post-injury monitoring in a preclinical multicenter biomarker discovery study on post-traumatic epileptogenesis. Epilepsy Res 2019; 151:7-16. [PMID: 30711714 PMCID: PMC6812686 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Multi-center preclinical studies can facilitate the discovery of biomarkers of antiepileptogenesis and thus facilitate the diagnosis and treatment development of patients at risk of developing post-traumatic epilepsy. However, these studies are often limited by the difficulty in harmonizing experimental protocols between laboratories. Here, we assess whether the production of traumatic brain injury (TBI) using the lateral fluid-percussion injury (FPI) in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (12 weeks at the time of injury) was harmonized between three laboratories - located in the University of Eastern Finland (UEF), Monash University in Melbourne, Australia (Melbourne) and The University of California, Los Angeles, USA (UCLA). These laboratories are part of the international multicenter-based project, the Epilepsy Bioinformatics Study for Antiepileptogenesis Therapy (EpiBioS4Rx). Lateral FPI was induced in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. The success of methodological harmonization was assessed by performing inter-site comparison of injury parameters including duration of anesthesia during surgery, impact pressure, post-impact transient apnea, post-impact seizure-like behavior, acute mortality (<72 h post-injury), time to self-right after the impact, and severity of the injury (assessed with the neuroscore). The data was collected using Common Data Elements and Case Report Forms. The acute mortality was 15% (UEF), 50% (Melbourne) and 57% (UCLA) (p < 0.001). The sites differed in the duration of anesthesia, the shortest being at UEF < Melbourne < UCLA (p < 0.001). The impact pressure used also differed between the sites, the highest being in UEF > Melbourne > UCLA (p < 0.001). The impact pressure associated with the severity of the functional deficits (low neuroscore) (P < 0.05) only at UEF, but not at any of the other sites. Additionally, the sites differed in the duration of post-impact transient apnea (p < 0.001) and time to self-right (P < 0.001), the highest values in both parameters was registered in Melbourne. Post-impact seizure-like behavior was observed in 51% (UEF), 25% (Melbourne) and 2% (UCLA) of rats (p < 0.001). Despite the differences in means when all sites were compared there was significant overlap in injury parameters between the sites. The data reflects the technical difficulties in the production of lateral FPI across multiple sites. On the other hand, the data can be used to model the heterogeneity in human cohorts with closed-head injury. Our animal cohort will provide a good starting point to investigate the factors associated with epileptogenesis after lateral FPI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cesar Santana-Gomez
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Pablo M Casillas-Espinosa
- The Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Idrish Ali
- The Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Rhys D Brady
- The Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Gregory Smith
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Pedro Andrade
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
| | - Riikka Immonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
| | - Noora Puhakka
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
| | - Matthew R Hudson
- The Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Emma L Braine
- The Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Sandy R Shultz
- The Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Richard J Staba
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Terence J O'Brien
- The Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia; Department of Neurology, The Alfred Hospital, Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia; Department of Neurology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria, 3050, Australia
| | - Asla Pitkänen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
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11
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Brady RD, Casillas-Espinosa PM, Agoston DV, Bertram EH, Kamnaksh A, Semple BD, Shultz SR. Modelling traumatic brain injury and posttraumatic epilepsy in rodents. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 123:8-19. [PMID: 30121231 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) is one of the most debilitating and understudied consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI). It is challenging to study the effects, underlying pathophysiology, biomarkers, and treatment of TBI and PTE purely in human patients for a number of reasons. Rodent models can complement human PTE studies as they allow for the rigorous investigation into the causal relationship between TBI and PTE, the pathophysiological mechanisms of PTE, the validation and implementation of PTE biomarkers, and the assessment of PTE treatments, in a tightly controlled, time- and cost-efficient manner in experimental subjects known to be experiencing epileptogenic processes. This article will review several common rodent models of TBI and/or PTE, including their use in previous studies and discuss their relative strengths, limitations, and avenues for future research to advance our understanding and treatment of PTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhys D Brady
- Departments of Neuroscience and Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, VIC 3004, Australia; Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.
| | - Pablo M Casillas-Espinosa
- Departments of Neuroscience and Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, VIC 3004, Australia; Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.
| | - Denes V Agoston
- Anatomy, Physiology & Genetics, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Edward H Bertram
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 800394, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0394, USA
| | - Alaa Kamnaksh
- Anatomy, Physiology & Genetics, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Bridgette D Semple
- Departments of Neuroscience and Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, VIC 3004, Australia; Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Sandy R Shultz
- Departments of Neuroscience and Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, VIC 3004, Australia; Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
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Tan XL, Sun M, Brady RD, Liu S, Llanos R, Cheung S, Wright DK, Casillas-Espinosa PM, Sashindranath M, O'Brien TJ, McDonald SJ, Turner BJ, Shultz SR. Transactive Response DNA-Binding Protein 43 Abnormalities after Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2018; 36:87-99. [PMID: 29901412 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2017.5491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Initial studies have found some evidence for transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) abnormalities after traumatic brain injury (TBI), and the presence of protein inclusions consisting of TDP-43 are a pathological hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a condition associated with TBI. However, no study has characterized changes in TDP-43 phosphorylation, mislocalization, and fragmentation (i.e., abnormalities linked to hallmark TDP-43 pathology) after TBI, and how these relate to functional outcomes. Further, how TBI affects an individual with a known predisposition to TDP-43 pathology is unknown. Therefore, this study examined the effects of TBI on TDP-43 post-translational processing, localization, and behavioral outcomes in wild-type (WT) mice and mutant TDP-43A315T mice (i.e., mice predisposed to TDP-43 pathology) at 24 h and 1 week after TBI. Post-mortem brain tissue from human patients with acute TBI was also examined. Western blots found that WT mice given TBI had increased TDP-43 phosphorylation, mislocalization, and fragmentation compared with sham-injured WT mice. The TDP-43A315T mice given a TBI had exacerbated TDP-43 abnormalities, worse cell death, and cognitive deficits compared with all other groups. In the human TBI patients, the only significant finding was increased nuclear accumulation of phosphorylated TDP-43 fragments. The discrepancy between the robust mouse findings and the largely non-significant human findings may be due to factors including heterogeneity in clinical TBI, the small group sizes, and temporal complexities with TDP-43 abnormalities. These findings indicate that TBI can induce a number of TDP-43 abnormalities that may contribute to the neurological consequences of TBI, though further research is still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lin Tan
- 1 Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mujun Sun
- 1 Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rhys D Brady
- 1 Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- 2 Department of Neuroscience, Monash University , Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shijie Liu
- 2 Department of Neuroscience, Monash University , Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Roxana Llanos
- 3 Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University , Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Steve Cheung
- 3 Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University , Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - David K Wright
- 2 Department of Neuroscience, Monash University , Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pablo M Casillas-Espinosa
- 1 Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- 2 Department of Neuroscience, Monash University , Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maithili Sashindranath
- 4 Australian Center for Blood Disease, Monash University , Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Terence J O'Brien
- 1 Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- 2 Department of Neuroscience, Monash University , Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stuart J McDonald
- 5 Physiology, Anatomy, and Microbiology, La Trobe University , Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bradley J Turner
- 6 The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sandy R Shultz
- 1 Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- 2 Department of Neuroscience, Monash University , Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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13
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Ouyang W, Wu W, Fan Z, Wang J, Pan H, Yang W. Modified device for fluid percussion injury in rodents. J Neurosci Res 2018; 96:1412-1429. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ouyang
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences; Zhejiang Normal University; Jinhua Zhejiang China
| | - Wenhui Wu
- School of Physical Education and Health; East China Jiaotong University; Nanchang Jiangxi China
| | - Zhiheng Fan
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences; Zhejiang Normal University; Jinhua Zhejiang China
| | - Jihui Wang
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences; Zhejiang Normal University; Jinhua Zhejiang China
| | - Huiju Pan
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences; Zhejiang Normal University; Jinhua Zhejiang China
| | - Weibin Yang
- Affiliated Sports Medicine Hospital, Zhejiang College of Sports; Hangzhou Zhejiang China
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