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Daneshi A, Sajjadi H, Blevins N, Jenkins HA, Farhadi M, Ajallouyan M, Hashemi SB, Thai A, Tran E, Rajati M, Asghari A, Mohseni M, Mohebbi S, Bayat A, Saki N, Emamdjomeh H, Romiani M, Hosseinzadeh F, Nasori Y, Mirsaleh M. The Outcome of Cochlear Implantations in Deaf-Blind Patients: A Multicenter Observational Study. Otol Neurotol 2022; 43:908-914. [PMID: 35970154 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000003611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This multicenter study aimed to evaluate the auditory and speech outcomes of cochlear implantation (CI) in deaf-blind patients compared with deaf-only patients. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Multiple cochlear implant centers. PATIENTS The current study was conducted on 17 prelingual deaf-blind children and 12 postlingual deaf-blind adults who underwent CI surgery. As a control group, 17 prelingual deaf children and 12 postlingual deaf adults were selected. INTERVENTION Cochlear implantation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Auditory and linguistic performances in children were assessed using the categories of auditory performance (CAP) and Speech Intelligibility Rating (SIR) scales, respectively. The word recognition score (WRS) was also used to measure speech perception ability in adults. The mean CAP, SIR, and WRS cores were compared between the deaf-only and deaf-blind groups before CI surgery and at "12 months" and "24 months" after device activation. Cohen's d was used for effect size estimation. RESULTS We found no significant differences in the mean CAP and SIR scores between the deaf-blind and deaf-only children before the CI surgery. For both groups, SIR and CAP scores improved with increasing time after the device activation. The mean CAP scores in the deaf-only children were either equivalent or slightly higher than those of the deaf-blind children at "12 months post-CI" (3.94 ± 0.74 vs 3.24 ± 1.25; mean difference score, 0.706) and "24 months post-CI" (6.01 ± 0.79 vs 5.47 ± 1.06; mean difference score, 0.529) time intervals, but these differences were not statistically significant. The SIR scores in deaf-only implanted children were, on average, 0.870 scores greater than the deaf-blind children at "12 months post-CI" (2.94 ± 0.55 vs 2.07 ± 1.4; p = 0.01, d = 0.97) and, on average, 1.067 scores greater than deaf-blind children at "24 months post-CI" (4.35 ± 0.49 vs 3.29 ± 1.20; p = 0.002; d = 1.15) time intervals. We also found an improvement in WRS scores from the "preimplantation" to the "12-month post-CI" and "24-month post-CI" time intervals in both groups. Pairwise comparisons indicated that the mean WRS in the deaf-only adults was, on average, 10.61% better than deaf-blind implanted adults at "12 months post-CI" (62.33 ± 9.09% vs 51.71 ± 10.73%, p = 0.034, d = 1.06) and, on average, 15.81% better than deaf-blind adults at "24-months post-CI" (72.67 ± 8.66% vs 56.8 ± 9.78%, p = 0.002, d = 1.61) follow-ups. CONCLUSION Cochlear implantation is a beneficial method for the rehabilitation of deaf-blind patients. Both deaf-blind and deaf-only implanted children revealed similar auditory performances. However, speech perception ability in deaf-blind patients was slightly lower than the deaf-only patients in both children and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Daneshi
- ENT and Head & Neck Research Center, The Five Senses Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Sajjadi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Nikolas Blevins
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Herman A Jenkins
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Mohammad Farhadi
- ENT and Head & Neck Research Center, The Five Senses Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ajallouyan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Baqiyatallah Hospital, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
| | - Seyed Basir Hashemi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Khalili Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz
| | - Anthony Thai
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Emma Tran
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Mohsen Rajati
- Ghaem Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alimohamad Asghari
- Skull Base Research Center, The Five Senses Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
| | - Mohammad Mohseni
- ENT and Head & Neck Research Center, The Five Senses Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saleh Mohebbi
- ENT and Head & Neck Research Center, The Five Senses Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Bayat
- Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation Sciences
| | | | - Hesamaldin Emamdjomeh
- ENT and Head & Neck Research Center, The Five Senses Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Romiani
- ENT and Head & Neck Research Center, The Five Senses Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Hosseinzadeh
- ENT and Head & Neck Research Center, The Five Senses Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasser Nasori
- ENT and Head & Neck Research Center, The Five Senses Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Mirsaleh
- ENT and Head & Neck Research Center, The Five Senses Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Barbier G, Merzouki R, Bal M, Baum SR, Shiller DM. Visual feedback of the tongue influences speech adaptation to a physical modification of the oral cavity. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2021; 150:718. [PMID: 34470311 DOI: 10.1121/10.0005520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Studies examining sensorimotor adaptation of speech to changing sensory conditions have demonstrated a central role for both auditory and somatosensory feedback in speech motor learning. The potential influence of visual feedback of oral articulators, which is not typically available during speech production but may nonetheless enhance oral motor control, remains poorly understood. The present study explores the influence of ultrasound visual feedback of the tongue on adaptation of speech production (focusing on the sound /s/) to a physical perturbation of the oral articulators (prosthesis altering the shape of the hard palate). Two visual feedback groups were tested that differed in the two-dimensional plane being imaged (coronal or sagittal) during practice producing /s/ words, along with a no-visual-feedback control group. Participants in the coronal condition were found to adapt their speech production across a broader range of acoustic spectral moments and syllable contexts than the no-feedback controls. In contrast, the sagittal group showed reduced adaptation compared to no-feedback controls. The results indicate that real-time visual feedback of the tongue is spontaneously integrated during speech motor adaptation, with effects that can enhance or interfere with oral motor learning depending on compatibility of the visual articulatory information with requirements of the speaking task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Barbier
- École d'Orthophonie et d'Audiologie, Université de Montréal, Case Postale 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Ryme Merzouki
- École d'Orthophonie et d'Audiologie, Université de Montréal, Case Postale 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Mathilde Bal
- École d'Orthophonie et d'Audiologie, Université de Montréal, Case Postale 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Shari R Baum
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, McGill University, 2001 McGill College Avenue, Suite 800, Montréal, Québec H3A 1G1, Canada
| | - Douglas M Shiller
- École d'Orthophonie et d'Audiologie, Université de Montréal, Case Postale 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
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