1
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Chen Md G, Wu Md Y, Zou Md L, Zeng Md Y. Effect of MicroRNA-146a Modified Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Exosomes on Rat Back Wound Healing. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2023; 22:704-712. [PMID: 34459668 DOI: 10.1177/15347346211038092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of MicroRNA-146a modified adipose-derived stem cell exosomes on the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and the therapeutic effect on wound healing. Methods: Culture and identification of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs), miRNA-146a minic vector was constructed and transfected into hASCs, the exosomes of the empty group and overexpression group were extracted, identified, and quantitatively analyzed after 24 h of successful transfection. The exosomes were added into National Institute of Health Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts (NIH/3T3) and cultured for 48 h, the proliferation and migration ability of NIH/3T3 fibroblasts was detected. The expression of serpin family H member 1 (SERPINH1) and phosphorylated extracellular regulated protein kinase (p-ERK) was detected by Western blot. The model of back wound was established. The exosomes were injected into 4 different sites with the shape of "cross" around the wound, and the scar diameter of the skin defect was measured at 3, 7, and 11 days, the skin of the defect was taken on the 14th day. platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD31) was detected by immunofluorescence staining to evaluate angiogenesis, and Western blot was used to detect the expression of SERPINH1 and p-ERK. Results: The miR-146a mimic-exosome promoted the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts, and the expression of SERPINH1 and p-ERK2 was up-regulated. After the rats were treated with exosomes, the wound area decreased rapidly, neovascularization was promoted, and the expression of SERPINH1 and p-ERK2 was up-regulated. Conclusions: MicroRNA-146a modified adipose stem cell exosomes could regulate the expression of SERPINH1 and p-ERK, promote the migration and proliferation of fibroblasts, and neovascularization to promote the wound healing of rat back.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangquan Chen Md
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Yaling Wu Md
- Jiangxi Health Vocational College, Nanchang, China
| | - Lijin Zou Md
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Yuanlin Zeng Md
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
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2
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Baldassarro VA, Giraldi V, Giuliani A, Moretti M, Pagnotta G, Flagelli A, Clavenzani P, Lorenzini L, Giardino L, Focarete ML, Giacomini D, Calzà L. Poly(l-lactic acid) Scaffold Releasing an α 4β 1 Integrin Agonist Promotes Nonfibrotic Skin Wound Healing in Diabetic Mice. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 6:296-308. [PMID: 36542733 PMCID: PMC9937562 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Skin wound healing is a highly complex process that continues to represent a major medical problem, due to chronic nonhealing wounds in several classes of patients and to possible fibrotic complications, which compromise the function of the dermis. Integrins are transmembrane receptors that play key roles in this process and that offer a recognized druggable target. Our group recently synthesized GM18, a specific agonist for α4β1, an integrin that plays a role in skin immunity and in the migration of neutrophils, also regulating the differentiated state of fibroblasts. GM18 can be combined with poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofibers to provide a controlled release of this agonist, resulting in a medication particularly suitable for skin wounds. In this study, we first optimized a GM18-PLLA nanofiber combination with a 7-day sustained release for use as skin wound medication. When tested in an experimental pressure ulcer in diabetic mice, a model for chronic nonhealing wounds, both soluble and GM18-PLLA formulations accelerated wound healing, as well as regulated extracellular matrix synthesis toward a nonfibrotic molecular signature. In vitro experiments using the adhesion test showed fibroblasts to be a principal GM18 cellular target, which we then used as an in vitro model to explore possible mechanisms of GM18 action. Our results suggest that the observed antifibrotic behavior of GM18 may exert a dual action on fibroblasts at the α4β1 binding site and that GM18 may prevent profibrotic EDA-fibronectin-α4β1 binding and activate outside-in signaling of the ERK1/2 pathways, a critical component of the wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Antonio Baldassarro
- Department
of Veterinary Medical Science, University
of Bologna, 50 Via Tolara di Sopra, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy,Interdepartmental
Center for Industrial Research in Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna, 41/E Via Tolara di Sopra, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Giraldi
- Interdepartmental
Center for Industrial Research in Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna, 41/E Via Tolara di Sopra, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Giuliani
- Department
of Veterinary Medical Science, University
of Bologna, 50 Via Tolara di Sopra, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marzia Moretti
- Department
of Veterinary Medical Science, University
of Bologna, 50 Via Tolara di Sopra, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgia Pagnotta
- Department
of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician” and INSTM UdR of Bologna, University of Bologna, 2 via Selmi, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Flagelli
- Interdepartmental
Center for Industrial Research in Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna, 41/E Via Tolara di Sopra, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Clavenzani
- Department
of Veterinary Medical Science, University
of Bologna, 50 Via Tolara di Sopra, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Lorenzini
- Department
of Veterinary Medical Science, University
of Bologna, 50 Via Tolara di Sopra, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy,Interdepartmental
Center for Industrial Research in Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna, 41/E Via Tolara di Sopra, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luciana Giardino
- Department
of Veterinary Medical Science, University
of Bologna, 50 Via Tolara di Sopra, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy,Interdepartmental
Center for Industrial Research in Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna, 41/E Via Tolara di Sopra, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy,IRET
Foundation, 41/E Via
Tolara di Sopra, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Focarete
- Interdepartmental
Center for Industrial Research in Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna, 41/E Via Tolara di Sopra, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy,Department
of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician” and INSTM UdR of Bologna, University of Bologna, 2 via Selmi, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Daria Giacomini
- Interdepartmental
Center for Industrial Research in Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna, 41/E Via Tolara di Sopra, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy,Department
of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician” and INSTM UdR of Bologna, University of Bologna, 2 via Selmi, 40126 Bologna, Italy,
| | - Laura Calzà
- Interdepartmental
Center for Industrial Research in Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna, 41/E Via Tolara di Sopra, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy,IRET
Foundation, 41/E Via
Tolara di Sopra, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy,Department
of Pharmacy and BioTechnology, University
of Bologna, 15 Via San
Donato, 40127 Bologna, Italy,
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3
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Yazdi MK, Zare M, Khodadadi A, Seidi F, Sajadi SM, Zarrintaj P, Arefi A, Saeb MR, Mozafari M. Polydopamine Biomaterials for Skin Regeneration. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:2196-2219. [PMID: 35649119 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Designing biomaterials capable of biomimicking wound healing and skin regeneration has been receiving increasing attention recently. Some biopolymers behave similarly to the extracellular matrix (ECM), supporting biointerfacial adhesion and intrinsic cellular interactions. Polydopamine (PDA) is a natural bioadhesive and bioactive polymer that endows high chemical versatility, making it an exciting candidate for a wide range of biomedical applications. Moreover, biomaterials based on PDA and its derivatives have near-infrared (NIR) absorption, excellent biocompatibility, intrinsic antioxidative activity, antibacterial activity, and cell affinity. PDA can regulate cell behavior by controlling signal transduction pathways. It governs the focal adhesion behavior of cells at the biomaterials interface. These features make melanin-like PDA a fascinating biomaterial for wound healing and skin regeneration. This paper overviews PDA-based biomaterials' synthesis, properties, and interactions with biological entities. Furthermore, the utilization of PDA nano- and microstructures as a constituent of wound-dressing formulations is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Mehrak Zare
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 141663-4793, Iran
| | - Ali Khodadadi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad 96914, Iran
| | - Farzad Seidi
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - S Mohammad Sajadi
- Department of Nutrition, Cihan University─Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region 44001, Iraq.,Department of Phytochemistry, SRC, Soran University, Soran, Kurdistan Regional Government 44008, Iraq
| | - Payam Zarrintaj
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, 420 Engineering North, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Ahmad Arefi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, Gdańsk 80-233, Poland
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran 144961-4535, Iran
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4
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Shang Z, Li C, Liu X, Xu M, Zhang X, Li X, Barnstable CJ, Zhao S, Tombran-Tink J. PEDF Gene Deletion Disrupts Corneal Innervation and Ocular Surface Function. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:18. [PMID: 34132748 PMCID: PMC8212434 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.7.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The cornea is richly innervated by the trigeminal ganglion (TG) and its function supported by secretions from the adjacent lacrimal (LG) and meibomian glands (MG). In this study we examined how pigment epithelium–derived factor (PEDF) gene deletion affects the cornea structure and function. Methods We used PEDF hemizygous and homozygous knockout mice to study effects of PEDF deficiency on corneal innervation assessed by beta tubulin staining, mRNA expression of trophic factors, and PEDF receptors by adjacent supporting glands, corneal sensitivity measured using a Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer, and tear production using phenol red cotton thread wetting. Results Loss of PEDF was accompanied by reduced corneal innervation and sensitivity, increased corneal surface injury and tear production, thinning of the corneal stroma and loss of stromal cells. PEDF mRNA was expressed in the cornea and its supporting tissues, the TG, LG, and MG. Deletion of one or both PEDF alleles resulted in decreased expression of essential trophic support in the TG, LG, and MG including nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic growth factor, and GDNF with significantly increased levels of NT-3 in the LG and decreased EGF expression in the cornea. Decreased transcription of the putative PEDF receptors, adipose triglyceride lipase, lipoprotein receptor–related protein 6, laminin receptor, PLXDC1, and PLXDC2 was also evident in the TG, LG and MG with the first three showing increased levels in corneas of the Pedf+/− and Pedf−/− mice compared to wildtype controls. Constitutive inactivation of ERK1/2 and Akt was pronounced in the TG and cornea, although their protein levels were dramatically increased in Pedf−/− mice. Conclusions This study highlights an essential role for PEDF in corneal structure and function and confirms the reported rescue of exogenous PEDF treatment in corneal pathologies. The pleiotropic effects of PEDF deletion on multiple trophic factors, receptors and signaling molecules are strong indications that PEDF is a key coordinator of molecular mechanisms that maintain corneal function and could be exploited in therapeutic options for several ocular surface diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenying Shang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Manhong Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaorong Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Colin J Barnstable
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Shaozhen Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Joyce Tombran-Tink
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States
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5
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Effects of Albumin Infusion on Serum Levels of Albumin, Proinflammatory Cytokines (TNF- α, IL-1, and IL-6), CRP, and MMP-8; Tissue Expression of EGRF, ERK1, ERK2, TGF- β, Collagen, and MMP-8; and Wound Healing in Sprague Dawley Rats. Int J Inflam 2020; 2020:3254017. [PMID: 32518615 PMCID: PMC7256723 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3254017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we sought to determine the roles of albumin in wound healing, which is infused both pre- and postoperatively in malnourished patients presenting with hypoalbuminemia. For the purposes of the study, we used 25 male Sprague Dawley rats of predetermined weight and age, which were initially maintained in a standard environment and fed the same diet for 7 days prior to being segregated into one of the following five groups: A, control, normal protein feed (20% casein); B, hypoalbuminemia, 25% rat albumin infusion prior to surgery; C, hypoalbuminemia, normal protein feed (20% casein); D, hypoalbuminemia, 25% rat albumin infusion after surgery; and E, hypoalbuminemia, low-protein feed (casein 2%). The animals in all five groups were subjected to four deep incisions in their dorsal muscle fascia. On days 1, 3, 5, and 7 after surgery, ELISA was used to determine serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, CRP, and MMP-8, whereas immunohistochemistry was used to determine the tissue expression of EGFR, ERK1, ERK2, TGF-β, collagen, and MMP-8. Significant reductions in serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1, and CRP were detected in the groups receiving albumin infusion and the high-casein diet (P < 0.05). The administration of albumin and a high-casein diet also increased the tissue expression of EGFR, ERK1, ERK2, TGF-β, and collagen and decreased that of MMP-8 relative to the hypoalbuminemia control (P < 0.05). We propose that the administration of albumin promoted NF-κB signaling which, in turn, induced the transduction and transcription of factors involved in wound healing. Albumin infusion and dietary proteins play vital roles in accelerating the wound healing process, as they can contribute to correcting the hypoalbuminemic state. These findings provide insights that will contribute to our understanding of wound healing, particularly in malnourished patients.
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6
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Khan MI, Behera SK, Paul P, Das B, Suar M, Jayabalan R, Fawcett D, Poinern GEJ, Tripathy SK, Mishra A. Biogenic Au@ZnO core-shell nanocomposites kill Staphylococcus aureus without provoking nuclear damage and cytotoxicity in mouse fibroblasts cells under hyperglycemic condition with enhanced wound healing proficiency. Med Microbiol Immunol 2018; 208:609-629. [PMID: 30291475 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-018-0564-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is focused on the synthesis of Au@ZnO core-shell nanocomposites, where zinc oxide is overlaid on biogenic gold nanoparticles obtained from Hibiscus Sabdariffa plant extract. Optical property of nanocomposites is investigated using UV-visible spectroscopy and crystal structure has been determined using X-ray crystallography (XRD) technique. The presence of functional groups on the surface of Au@ZnO core-shell nanocomposites has been observed by Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Electron microscopy studies revealed the morphology of the above core-shell nanocomposites. The synthesized nanocomposite material has shown antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus (MRSH). The microbes are notorious cross contaminant and are known to cause infection in open wounds. The possible antimicrobial mechanism of as synthesized nanomaterials has been investigated against Staphylococcus aureus and obtained data suggests that the antimicrobial activity could be due to release of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Present study has revealed that surface varnishing of biosynthesized gold nanoparticles through zinc oxide has improved its antibacterial proficiency against Staphylococcus aureus, whereas reducing its toxic effect towards mouse fibroblast cells under normal and hyperglycaemic condition. Further studies have been performed in mice model to understand the wound healing efficiency of Au@ZnO nanocomposites. The results obtained suggest the possible and effective use of as synthesized core shell nanocomposites in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Imran Khan
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | | | - Prajita Paul
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Bhaskar Das
- Department of Life Sciences, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India
| | - Mrutyunjay Suar
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - R Jayabalan
- Department of Life Sciences, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India
| | - Derek Fawcett
- Murdoch Applied Nanotechnology Research Group, Department of Physics, Energy Studies and Nanotechnology, School of Engineering and Energy, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Gerrard Eddy Jai Poinern
- Murdoch Applied Nanotechnology Research Group, Department of Physics, Energy Studies and Nanotechnology, School of Engineering and Energy, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Suraj K Tripathy
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India.,School of Chemical Technology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Amrita Mishra
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India.
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7
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Wang B, Liu D, Wang C, Wang Q, Zhang H, Liu G, He Q, Zhang L. Tentacle extract from the jellyfish Cyanea capillata increases proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells through the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189920. [PMID: 29261770 PMCID: PMC5738079 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex biological process, and current research finds that jellyfish have a great capacity for promoting growth and healing. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the molecular mechanisms and effects of a tentacle extract (TE) from the jellyfish Cyanea capillata (C. capillata) on cell proliferation and migration in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). First, our results showed that TE at the concentration of 1 μg/ml could promote cell proliferation over various durations, induce a transition of the cells from the G1-phase to the S/G2-phase of the cell cycle, and increase the expression of cell cycle proteins (CyclinB1 and CyclinD1). Second, we found that TE could activate the PI3K/Akt, ERK1/2 and JNK MAPK signaling pathways but not the NF-κB signaling pathway or the apoptosis signaling cascade. Finally, we demonstrated that the TE-induced expression of cell cycle proteins was decreased by ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 but not by PI3K inhibitor LY294002 or JNK inhibitor SP600125. Similarly, the TE-enhanced migration ability of HUVECs was also markedly attenuated by PD98059. Taken together, our findings indicate that TE-induced proliferation and migration in HUVECs mainly occurred through the ERK1/2 MAPK signaling pathway. These results are instructively important for further research on the isolation and purification of growth-promoting factors from C. capillata and are hopeful as a means to improve human wound repair in unfavorable conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beilei Wang
- Marine Bio-pharmaceutical Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Marine Biotechnology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Marine Bio-pharmaceutical Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Marine Biotechnology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoyan Liu
- Marine Bio-pharmaceutical Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Marine Biotechnology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian He
- Department of Gynecology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liming Zhang
- Marine Bio-pharmaceutical Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Marine Biotechnology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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8
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Abstract
Corneal wound healing is a complex process involving cell death, migration, proliferation, differentiation, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Many similarities are observed in the healing processes of corneal epithelial, stromal and endothelial cells, as well as cell-specific differences. Corneal epithelial healing largely depends on limbal stem cells and remodeling of the basement membrane. During stromal healing, keratocytes get transformed to motile and contractile myofibroblasts largely due to activation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) system. Endothelial cells heal mostly by migration and spreading, with cell proliferation playing a secondary role. In the last decade, many aspects of wound healing process in different parts of the cornea have been elucidated, and some new therapeutic approaches have emerged. The concept of limbal stem cells received rigorous experimental corroboration, with new markers uncovered and new treatment options including gene and microRNA therapy tested in experimental systems. Transplantation of limbal stem cell-enriched cultures for efficient re-epithelialization in stem cell deficiency and corneal injuries has become reality in clinical setting. Mediators and course of events during stromal healing have been detailed, and new treatment regimens including gene (decorin) and stem cell therapy for excessive healing have been designed. This is a very important advance given the popularity of various refractive surgeries entailing stromal wound healing. Successful surgical ways of replacing the diseased endothelium have been clinically tested, and new approaches to accelerate endothelial healing and suppress endothelial-mesenchymal transformation have been proposed including Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitor eye drops and gene therapy to activate TGF-β inhibitor SMAD7. Promising new technologies with potential for corneal wound healing manipulation including microRNA, induced pluripotent stem cells to generate corneal epithelium, and nanocarriers for corneal drug delivery are discussed. Attention is also paid to problems in wound healing understanding and treatment, such as lack of specific epithelial stem cell markers, reliable identification of stem cells, efficient prevention of haze and stromal scar formation, lack of data on wound regulating microRNAs in keratocytes and endothelial cells, as well as virtual lack of targeted systems for drug and gene delivery to select corneal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Ljubimov
- Eye Program, Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Departments of Biomedical Sciences and Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Mehrnoosh Saghizadeh
- Eye Program, Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Departments of Biomedical Sciences and Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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9
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NGF accelerates cutaneous wound healing by promoting the migration of dermal fibroblasts via the PI3K/Akt-Rac1-JNK and ERK pathways. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:547187. [PMID: 25006578 PMCID: PMC4055427 DOI: 10.1155/2014/547187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
As a well-known neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor (NGF) has also been extensively recognized for its acceleration of healing in cutaneous wounds in both animal models and randomized clinical trials. However, the underlying mechanisms accounting for the therapeutic effect of NGF on skin wounds are not fully understood. NGF treatment significantly accelerated the rate of wound healing by promoting wound reepithelialization, the formation of granulation tissue, and collagen production. To explore the possible mechanisms of this process, the expression levels of CD68, VEGF, PCNA, and TGF-β1 in wounds were detected by immunohistochemical staining. The levels of these proteins were all significantly raised in NGF-treated wounds compared to untreated controls. NGF also significantly promoted the migration, but not the proliferation, of dermal fibroblasts. NGF induced a remarkable increase in the activity of PI3K/Akt, JNK, ERK, and Rac1, and blockade with their specific inhibitors significantly impaired the NGF-induced migration. In conclusion, NGF significantly accelerated the healing of skin excisional wounds in rats and the fibroblast migration induced by NGF may contribute to this healing process. The activation of PI3K/Akt, Rac1, JNK, and ERK were all involved in the regulation of NGF-induced fibroblast migration.
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10
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Joko T, Shiraishi A, Akune Y, Tokumaru S, Kobayashi T, Miyata K, Ohashi Y. Involvement of P38MAPK in human corneal endothelial cell migration induced by TGF-β(2). Exp Eye Res 2012; 108:23-32. [PMID: 23257207 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2012.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Revised: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Because human corneal endothelial cells do not proliferate once the endothelial monolayer is formed, corneal wound healing is thought to be mediated by cell enlargement or migration rather than proliferation. However, the cellular mechanisms involved in corneal wound healing have not been fully determined. Because transforming growth factor-β(2) (TGF-β(2)) isoform is present in high concentrations in normal human aqueous humor, it may play a role in human corneal endothelial cell wound healing. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of TGF-β(2) on the proliferation and migration of cultured human corneal endothelial cells (HCECs). To achieve this, we first examined the effect of TGF-β(2) on the wound closure rate in an in vitro HCEC wound healing model. However, unexpectedly TGF-β(2) had no effect on the wound closure rate in this model. Therefore, a real-time cell electronic sensing (RT-CES) system and the BrdU incorporation assay were used to determine the effect of TGF-β(2) (0.1-10 ng/ml) on cultured HCEC proliferation during in vitro wound healing. The specificity of this effect was confirmed by adding the TGF-β receptor I kinase inhibitor. TGF-β(2) inhibited the proliferation of HCECs in a dose dependent way and was blocked by TGF-β receptor I kinase inhibitor. Next, the Boyden chamber assay was used to determine how TGF-β(2) (10 ng/ml) affect HCEC migration. Exposure to TGF-β(2) increased cell migration, and a synergistic effect was observed when FGF-2 was added. To determine whether the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway is involved in the migration of HCECs, western blot analysis and Bio-Plex™ suspension array were used to detect phosphorylation of Erk1/2, p38, and JNK in HCECs stimulated by TGF-β(2) and/or FGF-2. The effect of the p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB239063 (10 μM), on TGF-β(2) and/or FGF-2-induced cellular migration was determined by the Boyden chamber assay. Both TGF-β(2) and FGF-2-induced p38 phosphorylation, and a synergistic effect was observed with exposure to both growth factors. SB 239063 inhibited TGF-β(2) and FGF-2-induced migration of HCECs. These results indicate that TGF-β(2) reduces proliferation but stimulates migration of cultured HCECs. In addition, TGF-β(2) and FGF-2 may have synergistic effects on the migration of HCECs mediated by p38 MAPK phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Joko
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
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Han L, Gotlieb AI. Fibroblast growth factor-2 promotes in vitro heart valve interstitial cell repair through the Akt1 pathway. Cardiovasc Pathol 2012; 21:382-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2011.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Revised: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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12
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Wang L, Frizzell SA, Zhao X, Gladwin MT. Normoxic cyclic GMP-independent oxidative signaling by nitrite enhances airway epithelial cell proliferation and wound healing. Nitric Oxide 2012; 26:203-10. [PMID: 22425780 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2012.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Revised: 02/09/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The airway epithelium provides important barrier and host defense functions. Recent studies reveal that nitrite is an endocrine reservoir of nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity that is converted to NO by enzymatic reductases along the physiological oxygen gradient. Nitrite signaling has been described as NO dependent activation mediated by reactions with deoxygenated redox active hemoproteins, such as hemoglobin, myoglobin, neuroglobin, xanthine oxidoreductase (XO) and NO synthase at low pH and oxygen tension. However, nitrite can also be readily oxidized to nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)·) via heme peroxidase reactions, suggesting the existence of alternative oxidative signaling pathways for nitrite under normoxic conditions. In the present study, we examined normoxic signaling effects of sodium nitrite on airway epithelial cell wound healing. In an in vitro scratch injury model under normoxia, we exposed cultured monolayers of human airway epithelial cells to various concentrations of sodium nitrite and compared responses to NO donor. We found sodium nitrite potently enhanced airway epithelium wound healing at physiological concentrations (from 1 μM). The effect of nitrite was blocked by the NO and NO(2)· scavenger 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (c-PTIO). Interestingly, nitrite treatment did not increase cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels under these normoxic conditions, even in the presence of a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor, suggesting cGMP independent signaling. Consistent with an oxidative signaling pathway requiring hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))/heme-peroxidase/NO(2)· signaling, the effects of nitrite were potentiated by superoxide dismutase (SOD) and low concentration H(2)O(2), whereas inhibited completely by catalase, followed by downstream extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 activation. Our data represent the first description of normoxic nitrite signaling on lung epithelial cell proliferation and wound healing and suggest novel oxidative signaling pathways involving nitrite-H(2)O(2) reactions, possibly via the intermediary, NO(2)·.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Abstract
The ocular surface is continuously exposed to environmental agents such as allergens, pollutants, and microorganisms, which could provoke inflammation. However, an array of anatomical, physiological, and immunological features of the ocular surface conspire to limit corneal inflammation and endow the eye with immune privilege. A remarkable example of ocular immune privilege is the success of corneal allografts, which unlike all other forms of organ transplantation, survive without the use of systemic immunosuppressive drugs or MHC matching. This review describes the anatomical, physiological, and dynamic immunoregulatory processes that contribute to immune privilege.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry Y Niederkorn
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
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Lee SJ, Yoo SY, Kang DH, Lee KJ, Ha TH, Wee W, Lee AR, Kim NS, Kwon JS. Potential vulnerability markers within the affective domain in subjects at genetic and clinical high risk for schizophrenia. Psychopathology 2008; 41:236-44. [PMID: 18408419 DOI: 10.1159/000125557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2006] [Accepted: 07/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relative to ample high-risk studies on neurocognitive function, only a few high-risk studies have examined affective functioning components as possible vulnerability markers. In this study, we comprehensively assessed baseline affective functioning in subjects at clinical high risk (CHR) and genetic high risk (GHR) for schizophrenia, and healthy controls (HC), and compared the results to elucidate possible vulnerability markers in the affective domain. METHODS We studied 3 groups of subjects: those with CHR (n = 28) or GHR (n = 28) and a HC group (n = 24). Affective-process- and affective-content-related functioning were assessed using 5 emotion-related scales. RESULTS In affective process, CHR subjects showed impairments in emotional awareness and mood repair, with some trend of impaired emotional expressivity as well as aggression control relative to either HC or GHR subjects, whereas GHR subjects showed only a trend of impairment in mood repair. In affective content, CHR subjects had less positive and more negative affect scores than the other 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS These results correspond to previous findings of prodrome studies of schizophrenia and chronic schizophrenia and suggest that impaired mood repair and emotional awareness, as well as less positive and more negative affect may be potential candidates of vulnerability markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Jae Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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