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Hajebrahimi F, Sangoi A, Scheiman M, Santos E, Gohel S, Alvarez TL. From convergence insufficiency to functional reorganization: A longitudinal randomized controlled trial of treatment-induced connectivity plasticity. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e70007. [PMID: 39185637 PMCID: PMC11345633 DOI: 10.1111/cns.70007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Convergence Insufficiency (CI) is the most prevalent oculomotor dysfunction of binocular vision that negatively impacts quality of life when performing visual near tasks. Decreased resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) is reported in the CI participants compared to binocularly normal control participants. Studies report that therapeutic interventions such as office-based vergence and accommodative therapy (OBVAT) can improve CI participants' clinical signs, visual symptoms, and task-related functional activity. However, longitudinal studies investigating the RSFC changes after such treatments in participants with CI have not been conducted. This study aimed to investigate the neural basis of OBVAT using RSFC in CI participants compared to the placebo treatment to understand how OBVAT improves visual function and symptoms. METHODS A total of 51 CI participants between 18 and 35 years of age were included in the study and randomly allocated to receive either 12 one-hour sessions of OBVAT or placebo treatment for 6 to 8 weeks (1 to 2 sessions per week). Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and clinical assessments were evaluated at baseline and outcome for each treatment group. Region of interest (ROI) analysis was conducted in nine ROIs of the oculomotor vergence network, including the following: cerebellar vermis (CV), frontal eye fields (FEF), supplementary eye fields (SEF), parietal eye fields (PEF), and primary visual cortices (V1). Paired t-tests assessed RSFC changes in each group. A linear regression analysis was conducted for significant ROI pairs in the group-level analysis for correlations with clinical measures. RESULTS Paired t-test results showed increased RSFC in 10 ROI pairs after the OBVAT but not placebo treatment (p < 0.05, false discovery rate corrected). These ROI pairs included the following: Left (L)-SEF-Right (R)-V1, L-SEF-CV, R-SEF-R-PEF, R-SEF-L-V1, R-SEF-R-V1, R-SEF-CV, R-PEF-CV, L-V1-CV, R-V1-CV, and L-V1-R-V1. Significant correlations were observed between the RSFC strength of the R-SEF-R-PEF ROI pair and the following clinical visual function parameters: positive fusional vergence and near point of convergence (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION OBVAT, but not placebo treatment, increased the RSFC in the ROIs of the oculomotor vergence network, which was correlated with the improvements in the clinical measures of the CI participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzin Hajebrahimi
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringNew Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNew JerseyUSA
| | - Ayushi Sangoi
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringNew Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNew JerseyUSA
| | - Mitchell Scheiman
- Pennsylvania College of OptometrySalus UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Elio Santos
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringNew Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNew JerseyUSA
| | - Suril Gohel
- Department of Health InformaticsRutgers University School of Health ProfessionsNewarkNew JerseyUSA
| | - Tara L. Alvarez
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringNew Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNew JerseyUSA
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Xia L, Wang Y, Luo S, Zhang Y, Qiu B, Wang X, Feng L. Abnormal occipital and frontal activity during voluntary convergence in intermittent exotropia: A task-fMRI study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26197. [PMID: 38495127 PMCID: PMC10943311 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Intermittent exotropia (IXT) is characterized by intermittently outward deviation of the eye and involved with vergence dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate the brain areas related to voluntary convergence and cortical activation changes between IXT patients and normal subjects. A total of 21 subjects, including 11 IXT patients and 10 age- and sex-matched normal subjects, were recruited for this study. A voluntary convergence task was employed, with changes in brain function measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Correlations between cortical activation and clinical measurements were conducted by Pearson's correlation analysis. fMRI results showed that during voluntary convergence, the medial frontal gyrus (MFG) and bilateral occipital cortex were activated in the normal group, whereas only activation of the occipital cortex in IXT patients. Compared with the normal, IXT patients showed hypo-activation of both the MFG and cuneus during the task. The activation of MFG was negatively correlated to the duration of IXT. This study demonstrates that both MFG and occipital cortex may participate in voluntary convergence in normal subjects, while IXT patients have an aberrant cortical function of the MFG and cuneus, and the duration of IXT likely influences the severity of MFG. These findings may provide valuable insights for understanding the relationship between convergence and IXT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yanming Wang
- Centre for Biomedical Imaging, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China
| | - Sha Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- MR Research, GE Healthcare, Shanghai, China
| | - Bensheng Qiu
- Centre for Biomedical Imaging, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Centre for Biomedical Imaging, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China
| | - Lixia Feng
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Hajebrahimi F, Gohel S, Scheiman M, Sangoi A, Iring-Sanchez S, Morales C, Santos EM, Alvarez TL. Altered Large-Scale Resting-State Functional Network Connectivity in Convergence Insufficiency Young Adults Compared With Binocularly Normal Controls. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:29. [PMID: 37982763 PMCID: PMC10668612 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.14.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the underlying resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) of symptomatic convergence insufficiency (CI) compared with binocularly normal controls (BNC) using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) under The Convergence Insufficiency Neuro‑mechanism Adult Population Study (NCT03593031). Methods A total of 101 participants were eligible for this study. After removing datasets with motion artifacts, 49 CI and 47 BNC resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging datasets were analyzed. CI was diagnosed with the following signs: (1) receded near point of convergence of 6 cm or greater, (2) decreased positive fusional vergence of less than 15∆ or failing Sheard's criteria of twice the near phoria, (3) near phoria of at least 4∆ more exophoric compared with the distance phoria, and (4) symptoms using the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (score of ≥21). RSFC was assessed using a group-level independent components analysis and dual regression. A behavioral correlation analysis using linear regression method was performed between clinical measures and RSFC using the significant difference between the CI and BNC. Results On average, a decreased RSFC was observed within the frontoparietal network, default mode network and visual network in patients with CI, compared with the participants with BNC (P < 0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons). The default mode network RSFC strength was significantly correlated with the PFV, near point of convergence, and difference between the horizontal phoria at near compared with far (P < 0.05). Conclusions Results support altered RSFC in patients with CI compared with participants with BNC and suggest that these differences in underlying neurophysiology may in part be in connection with the differences in optometric visual function used to diagnose CI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzin Hajebrahimi
- Department of Health Informatics, Rutgers University School of Health Professions, Newark, New Jersey, United States
| | - Suril Gohel
- Department of Health Informatics, Rutgers University School of Health Professions, Newark, New Jersey, United States
| | - Mitchell Scheiman
- Pennsylvania College of Optometry, Salus University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Ayushi Sangoi
- Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, United States
| | - Stephanie Iring-Sanchez
- Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, United States
| | - Cristian Morales
- Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, United States
| | - Elio M. Santos
- Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, United States
| | - Tara L. Alvarez
- Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, United States
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Hao R, Wang Y, Wang K, Wei A, Zhang W. A multimodal MRI study of functional and structural changes in concomitant exotropia. Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:442. [PMID: 37614419 PMCID: PMC10443055 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The present prospective study aimed to investigate the structural and functional changes in patients with concomitant exotropia using multimodal MRI. A total of 11 adult patients with concomitant exotropia (5 males and 6 females) and 11 healthy adult individuals (5 males and 6 females) were recruited and examined using multimodal MRI techniques. Near and distance exotropia deviation angles were measured. The structrual changes were evaluated using the gray matter volume. Functional reorganization was assessed using the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation, regional homogeneity and resting-state functional connectivity (FC) on MRI. No significant differences could be found in terms of sex, age or body mass index between the two groups. However, the near and distance exotropia angles were significantly higer in the concomitant exotropia group compared with those in the normal control group (P<0.001). Compared with those in normal individuals, the bilateral thalamus, right middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and right cuneus had significantly reduced gray matter volumes in the concomitant exotropia group (false discovery rate corrected, P<0.05). Reduced FC was found between the bilateral thalamus and the bilateral precuneus, between the right MTG and the right medial superior frontal gyrus in addition to the right precuneus, and between the right cuneus and the right primary sensorimotor cortex (P<0.05, Gaussian random-field corrected) in the concomitant exotropia group compared with that in the normal individuals. In conclusion, the present study indicated that structural and functional reorganization occurs in specific brain regions of patients with concomitant exotropia. These reorganized areas appeared to mainly involve the subcortical structures and related cortices that process visual information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Hao
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Clinical College of Ophthalmology of Tianjin Medical University, Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin 300020, P.R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Kailei Wang
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Clinical College of Ophthalmology of Tianjin Medical University, Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin 300020, P.R. China
| | - Ang Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300102, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Clinical College of Ophthalmology of Tianjin Medical University, Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin 300020, P.R. China
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Guo J, Chen Y, Liu W, Huang L, Hu D, Lv Y, Kang H, Li N, Peng Y. Alterations of large-scale functional network connectivity in patients with infantile esotropia before and after surgery. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3154. [PMID: 37433043 PMCID: PMC10454265 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidences have indicated neurodevelopmental disorders in infantile esotropia (IE). However, few studies have analyzed the characteristics of large-scale functional networks of IE patients or their postoperative network-level alterations. METHODS Here, individuals with IE (n = 32) and healthy subjects (n = 30) accomplished the baseline clinical examinations and resting-state MRI scans. A total of 17 IE patients also underwent corrective surgeries and completed the longitudinal clinical assessments and resting-state MRI scans. Linear mixed effects models were applied for cross-sectional and longitudinal network-level analyses. Correlation analysis was performed to assess the relationship between longitudinal functional connectivity (FC) alterations and baseline clinical variables. RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses, network-level FC were apparently aberrant in IE patients compared to controls. In longitudinal analyses, intra- and internetwork connectivity were observed with significant alterations in postoperative IE patients compared to the preoperative counterparts. Longitudinal FC changes are negatively correlated to the age at surgery in IE. CONCLUSIONS Obviously, altered network-level FC benefiting from the corrective surgery serves as the neurobiological substrate of the observed improvement of stereovision, visuomotor coordination, and emotional management in postoperative IE patients. Corrective surgery should be performed as early as possible to obtain more benefits for IE in brain function recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlin Guo
- Department of Radiology, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in ChildrenBeijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's HealthBeijingP. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Tianjin International Joint Research Center for Neural EngineeringAcademy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin UniversityTianjinP. R. China
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of OphthalmologyBeijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical University, National Center for Children's HealthBeijingP. R. China
| | - Lijuan Huang
- Department of OphthalmologyBeijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical University, National Center for Children's HealthBeijingP. R. China
- Department of OphthalmologySecond Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityQuanzhouP. R. China
| | - Di Hu
- Department of Radiology, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in ChildrenBeijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's HealthBeijingP. R. China
| | - Yanqiu Lv
- Department of Radiology, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in ChildrenBeijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's HealthBeijingP. R. China
| | - Huiying Kang
- Department of Radiology, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in ChildrenBeijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's HealthBeijingP. R. China
| | - Ningdong Li
- Department of OphthalmologyBeijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical University, National Center for Children's HealthBeijingP. R. China
- Key laboratory of Major Diseases in ChildrenMinistry of EducationBeijingP. R. China
| | - Yun Peng
- Department of Radiology, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in ChildrenBeijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's HealthBeijingP. R. China
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Huang Y, Liu Z, Wang M, Gao L, Wu Y, Hu J, Zhang Z, Yan FF, Deng D, Huang CB, Yu M. Cortical Reorganization After Optical Alignment in Strabismic Patients Outside of Critical Period. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:5. [PMID: 37535007 PMCID: PMC10408769 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.11.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To measure visual crowding, an essential bottleneck on object recognition and reliable psychophysical index of cortex organization, in older children and adults with horizontal concomitant strabismus before and after strabismus surgery. METHODS Using real-time eye tracking to ensure gaze-contingent display, we examined the peripheral visual crowding effects in older children and adults with horizontal concomitant strabismus but without amblyopia before and after strabismus surgery. Patients were asked to discriminate the orientation of the central tumbling E target letter with flankers arranged along the radial or tangential axis in the nasal or temporal hemifield at different eccentricities (5° or 10°). The critical spacing value, which is the minimum space between the target and the flankers required for correct discrimination, was obtained for comparisons before and after strabismus surgery. RESULTS Twelve individuals with exotropia (6 males, 21.75 ± 7.29 years, mean ± SD) and 15 individuals with esotropia (6 males, 24.13 ± 5.96 years) participated in this study. We found that strabismic individuals showed significantly larger critical spacing with nasotemporal asymmetry along the radial axis that related to the strabismus pattern, with exotropes exhibiting stronger temporal field crowding and esotropes exhibiting stronger nasal field crowding before surgical alignment. After surgery, the critical spacing was reduced and rebalanced between the nasal and temporal hemifields. Furthermore, the postoperative recovery of stereopsis was associated with the extent of nasotemporal balance of critical spacing. CONCLUSIONS We find that optical realignment (i.e., strabismus surgery) can normalize the enlarged visual crowding effects, a reliable psychophysical index of cortical organization, in the peripheral visual field of older children and adults with strabismus and rebalance the nasotemporal asymmetry of crowding, promoting the recovery of postoperative stereopsis. Our results indicated a potential of experience-dependent cortical organization after axial alignment even for individuals who are out of the critical period of visual development, illuminating the capacity and limitations of optics on sensory plasticity and emphasizing the importance of ocular correction for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiru Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zitian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Le Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanyan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingyi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang-Fang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Daming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chang-Bing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Minbin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Chen XX, Chen W, Hu H, Zhao M, Liu H, Xu XQ, Wu FY, Wang J. Altered interhemispheric functional connectivity in patients with comitant exotropia before and after surgery: a resting-state fMRI study. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1095431. [PMID: 37576471 PMCID: PMC10416095 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1095431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess the interhemispheric homotopic connectivity alterations in patients with comitant exotropia (CE) before and after surgery, using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) with voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC). Methods Thirty-four patients with CE and twenty-four well-matched healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled to undergo a preoperative rs-fMRI scan. The rs-fMRI scan was performed again in twenty-four patients 1 month after surgery. The VMHC method was applied to evaluate the group differences of interhemispheric functional connectivity. The correlations between VMHC values and clinical variables were analyzed in the patient group. Results Compared with HCs, 34 patients with CE showed significantly increased VMHC values in occipital lobe (cuneus/superior occipital gyrus/middle occipital gyrus/calcarine), cerebellar area 8/cerebellar Crus1 area, and cerebellar Crus1 area. In CE group, VMHC in the cuneus was positively correlated with stereoacuity (r = 0.417, P = 0.014), meanwhile VMHC in the cerebellar Crus1 area was positively correlated with stereoacuity (r = 0.395, P = 0.021). One month after surgery, the 24 CE patients with follow-up showed decreased VMHC values in the cuneus and superior occipital gyrus compared with preoperative collection, meanwhile, non-significant difference compared with HCs. Conclusion Our study revealed the interhemispheric homotopic connectivity changes of patients with CE in the occipital lobe and cerebellum before and after surgery. The findings may provide a new perspective for the neurological alterations of CE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Xun Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hu Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Quan Xu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei-Yun Wu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Huang Y, Liu Z, Chen Z, Zhan Z, Gao L, Hu J, Wu Y, Yan FF, Deng D, Huang CB, Yu M. Visual Crowding Reveals Field- and Axis-Specific Cortical Miswiring After Long-Term Axial Misalignment in Strabismic Patients Without Amblyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:10. [PMID: 36652265 PMCID: PMC9855284 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.1.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Inspired by physiological and neuroimaging findings that revealed squint-induced modification of cortical volume and visual receptive field in early visual areas, we hypothesized that strabismic eyes without amblyopia manifest an increase in critical spacing of visual crowding, an essential bottleneck on object recognition and reliable psychophysical index of cortical organization. Methods We used real-time eye tracking to ensure gaze-contingent display and examined visual crowding in patients with horizontal concomitant strabismus (both esotropia and exotropia) but without amblyopia and age-matched normal controls. Results Nineteen patients with exotropia (12 men, mean ± SD = 22.89 ± 7.82 years), 21 patients with esotropia (10 men, mean ± SD = 23.48 ± 6.95 years), and 14 age-matched normal controls (7 men, mean ± SD = 23.07 ± 1.07 years) participated in this study. We found that patients with strabismus without amblyopia showed significantly larger critical spacing with nasotemporal asymmetry in only the radial axis that related to the strabismus pattern, with exotropia exhibiting stronger temporal hemifield crowding and esotropia exhibiting stronger nasal hemifield crowding, in both the deviated and fixating eyes. Moreover, the magnitude of crowding change was related to the duration and degree of strabismic deviation. Conclusions Using visual crowding as a psychophysical index of cortical organization, our study demonstrated significantly greater peripheral visual crowding with nasotemporal asymmetry in only the radial axis in patients with strabismus without amblyopia, indicating the existence of hemifield- and axis-specific miswiring of cortical processing in object recognition induced by long-term adaptation to ocular misalignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiru Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zitian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zidong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zongyi Zhan
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen Eye Hospital affiliated to Jinan University, Shenzhen, China,School of Optometry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Le Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingyi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanyan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang-Fang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Daming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chang-Bing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Minbin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Liu F, Wang ZH, Huang W, Xu Y, Sang X, Liu R, Li ZY, Bi YL, Tang L, Peng JY, Wei JR, Miao ZC, Yan JH, Liu S, Yan JH, Liu S. Defects and asymmetries in the visual pathway of non-human primates with natural strabismus and amblyopia. Zool Res 2023; 44:153-168. [PMID: 36484227 PMCID: PMC9841183 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2022.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Strabismus and amblyopia are common ophthalmologic developmental diseases caused by abnormal visual experiences. However, the underlying pathogenesis and visual defects are still not fully understood. Most studies have used experimental interference to establish disease-associated animal models, while ignoring the natural pathophysiological mechanisms. This study was designed to investigate whether natural strabismus and amblyopia are associated with abnormal neurological defects. We screened one natural strabismic monkey ( Macaca fascicularis) and one natural amblyopic monkey from hundreds of monkeys, and retrospectively analyzed one human strabismus case. Neuroimaging, behavioral, neurophysiological, neurostructural, and genovariation features were systematically evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), behavioral tasks, flash visual evoked potentials (FVEP), electroretinogram (ERG), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and whole-genome sequencing (WGS), respectively. Results showed that the strabismic patient and natural strabismic and amblyopic monkeys exhibited similar abnormal asymmetries in brain structure, i.e., ipsilateral impaired right hemisphere. Visual behavior, visual function, retinal structure, and fundus of the monkeys were impaired. Aberrant asymmetry in binocular visual function and structure between the strabismic and amblyopic monkeys was closely related, with greater impairment of the left visual pathway. Several similar known mutant genes for strabismus and amblyopia were also identified. In conclusion, natural strabismus and amblyopia are accompanied by abnormal asymmetries of the visual system, especially visual neurophysiological and neurostructural defects. Our results suggest that future therapeutic and mechanistic studies should consider defects and asymmetries throughout the entire visual system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Zhong-Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Wanjing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Xuan Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Ruifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Zhou-Yue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Ya-Lan Bi
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Lei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Jing-Yi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Jia-Ru Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Zhi-Chao Miao
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK,Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence and Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200081, China
| | - Jian-Hua Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China,E-mail:
| | - Sheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China,
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More than static: altered dynamic functional connectivity of primary visual cortex in the comitant exotropia patients. Neuroreport 2022; 33:812-818. [PMID: 36367793 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Previous neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that comitant exotropia (CE) patients exhibit dysfunction in various visual cortical areas. However, whether the CE patients showed abnormal dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) in primary visual cortex (V1) changes remains unknown. A total of 36 CE patients (25 males and 11 females) and 36 well-matched healthy control subjects (HCs) were enrolled in the study. The dFC with sliding window method was applied to investigate the dynamic functional connectivity changes in primary visual cortex (V1). Compared with HCs, CE patients had decreased dFC values between left V1 and right fusiform (Fus), right lingual (LING), left orbital medial frontal gyrus, left Fus, left calcarine and left precuneus (PreCUN). Meanwhile, CE patients had decreased dFC values between right V1 and left cerebelum_6 (CER_6), right lingual and left inferior occipital gyrus. Our study demonstrates that CE patients showed altered dFC within visual network and V1-default mode network, which might indicate the decreased variability FC values in the primary visual cortex in CE patients.
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Xi S, Zhou Y, Yao J, Ye X, Zhang P, Wen W, Zhao C. Cortical Deficits are Correlated with Impaired Stereopsis in Patients with Strabismus. Neurosci Bull 2022:10.1007/s12264-022-00987-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-00987-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIn this study, we explored the neural mechanism underlying impaired stereopsis and possible functional plasticity after strabismus surgery. We enrolled 18 stereo-deficient patients with intermittent exotropia before and after surgery, along with 18 healthy controls. Functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected when participants viewed three-dimensional stimuli. Compared with controls, preoperative patients showed hypoactivation in higher-level dorsal (visual and parietal) areas and ventral visual areas. Pre- and postoperative activation did not significantly differ in patients overall; patients with improved stereopsis showed stronger postoperative activation than preoperative activation in the right V3A and left intraparietal sulcus. Worse stereopsis and fusional control were correlated with preoperative hypoactivation, suggesting that cortical deficits along the two streams might reflect impaired stereopsis in intermittent exotropia. The correlation between improved stereopsis and activation in the right V3A after surgery indicates that functional plasticity may underlie the improvement of stereopsis. Thus, additional postoperative strategies are needed to promote functional plasticity and enhance the recovery of stereopsis.
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Guo J, Chen Y, Liu W, Huang L, Hu D, Lv Y, Kang H, Li N, Peng Y. Abnormal developmental trends of functional connectivity in young children with infantile esotropia. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:972882. [PMID: 36061605 PMCID: PMC9433796 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.972882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that functional networks are present at birth and change dynamically throughout infancy and early childhood. However, the status of functional connectivity is still poorly understood in patients with infantile esotropia (IE). The aim of this study is to investigate the developmental trends of functional connectivity in patients with IE during a critical period of growth and development. A total of 17 patients with IE (9 males and 8 females; mean age: 3.36 ± 2.03 years, age range: 0.67–6.36 years) and 20 healthy subjects matched for age and gender were recruited and underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. The whole-brain functional network connectivity was analyzed for the IE group and healthy control group. A general linear model was applied to assess the group-age interaction in terms of the functional connectivity. The discrepancy between the two groups in functional connectivity trajectories was also quantified across age and exhibited by the quadratic parabolic model. There were significant group-age interactions between the visual network and the default mode network, the visual network and the sensorimotor network, the limbic network and the default mode network, and within the limbic network in the functional connectivity. A U-shaped tendency across age, with an “inflection point” ranging from 3.1 to 4.0 years of age was exhibited in the difference between functional connectivity trajectories of the IE patients and normal controls. Abnormality in functional network connectivity could present in IE patients at birth, exhibiting aberrant developmental patterns over time. An abnormal functional network could reduce the ability of the cortex in visual information processing, further reactivating the subcortical visual information processing system, which is probably the pathogenesis of IE. Three to four years after birth is the critical time window for children with IE to establish normal network connections in the brain. Early surgery during this period may be helpful for affected children to have an opportunity to approach the normal development trajectory as early as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlin Guo
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Tianjin International Joint Research Center for Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Di Hu
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yanqiu Lv
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Huiying Kang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Ningdong Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ningdong Li,
| | - Yun Peng
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
- Yun Peng,
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Abstract
Objective of the study is to investigate the altered intrinsic functional hubs in patients with comitant exotropia (CE) using the voxel-wise degree centrality (DC) analysis method. A total of 28 CE patients and 28 healthy controls (HCs) similarly matched in sex, age, and education level were recruited in this study. All subjects underwent a resting-state functional MRI scan, the voxel-wise DC method was applied to evaluate brain network hubs alterations in CE patients. Then, the DC maps between two groups were chosen to be classification features to distinguish patients with CE from HCs based on the support vector machine (SVM) model. The algorithm performance was evaluated by a permutation test. Compared with HCs, CE patients exhibited significant enhanced DC value in the left cerebelum 8 and the right cerebelum 3; and remarkably decreased DC value in the right precentral gyrus, right anterior cingulated, and paracingulate gyri (two-tailed, voxel level: P < 0.01; GRF correction, cluster level: P < 0.05). However, no relationship was found between the observed average DC of the different brain regions and the clinical features ( P > 0.05). In addition, the SVM model showed an accuracy of 83.93% to clarify CE patients from HCs using the DC maps as a classification feature. CE patients displayed altered functional network hubs in multiple brain areas associated with cognition and motor control, and the DC variability could classify patients from HCs with high accuracy. These findings may assist to understand the neuropathological mechanism for the disease.
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Liang RB, Liu LQ, Shi WQ, Sun T, Ge QM, Li QY, Shu HY, Zhang LJ, Shao Y. Abnormal Fractional Amplitude of Low Frequency Fluctuation Changes in Patients With Dry Eye Disease: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:900409. [PMID: 35693538 PMCID: PMC9175025 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.900409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PurposeTo investigate spontaneous brain activity in patients with dry eye (DE) and healthy control (HC) using the fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (fALFF) technique with the aim of elucidating the relationship between the clinical symptoms of DE and changes in brain function.Material and MethodsA total of 28 patients with DE and 28 matched healthy volunteers (10 males and 18 females in each group) were enrolled. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed in both groups. Then all subjects were required to complete a comprehensive Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the differences in fALFF values between the two groups and their diagnostic value. Linear correlations between HADS and fALFF values in different brain regions of DE patients were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient.ResultsPatients with DE had significantly higher fALFF values in the left calcarine sulcus (CS) than the HC group, while fALFF values in the bilateral middle frontal gyrus (MFG) and right MFG/right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) were significantly lower in DE patients than in HC group. fALFF values had a high diagnostic value for differentiating patients with DE from the HC group (P < 0.001). Right MFG and right MFG/IFG were significantly correlated with HADS values.ConclusionOur study found that DE mainly involved functional disorders in the brain areas of the left CS, bilateral MFG and right MFG/right IFG, which helped us to find possible clinical features of DE disease and reflected the potential pathological mechanism of DE.
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Chen RB, Zhong YL, Huang X. The predictive value of local to remote functional connectivity changes in comitant exotropia patients. Neuroreport 2022; 33:259-265. [PMID: 35383657 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Comitant exotropia (CE) is a common eye disease with abnormal eye movement, whereas altered synchronous neural activity in CE patients is poorly understood. The purpose of our study was to investigate local to remote functional connectivity of blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals changes in CE patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-four patients and thirty-four healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state MRI scans. The ReHo and FC method was applied to investigate the local to remote functional connectivity changes in CE patients. RESULTS Compared to the HC group, CE patients showed significant increased ReHo values in the left cerebellar_crus2 and left middle frontal gyrus. Meanwhile, CE patients showed significant decreased ReHo values in the right middle temporal gyrus, left postcentral gyrus and right angular. Moreover, CE patients showed an increased FC between the cerebellar network, sensorimotor network (SMN) and default-mode network (DMN). The support vector machine (SVM) classification was up to a total accuracy of 94.12%. The AUC of the classification model was 0.99 on the basis of ReHo map. CONCLUSION Our result highlights that CE patients had abnormal local to remote functional connectivity in the cerebellar network, SMN, DMN, which might indicate the neural mechanism of eye movements and stereo vision dysfunction in CE patients. Moreover, the SVM algorithm reveals ReHo maps as a potential biomarker for predicting clinical outcomes in CE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu-Lin Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Xiao A, Li HJ, Li QY, Liang RB, Shu HY, Ge QM, Liao XL, Pan YC, Wu JL, Su T, Zhang LJ, Zhou Q, Shao Y. Functional Connectivity Hypointensity of Middle Cingulate Gyrus and Thalamus in Age-Related Macular Degeneration Patients: A Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:854758. [PMID: 35391752 PMCID: PMC8979908 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.854758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) causes visual damage and blindness globally. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in functional connectivity (FC) in AMD patients using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Subjects and Methods A total of 23 patients (12 male, 11 female) with AMD were enrolled to the AMD patients group (AMDs), and 17 healthy age-, sex-, and education-matched controls (9 male, 8 female) to the healthy controls group (HCs). All participants underwent rs-fMRI and mean FC values were compared between the two groups. Results Significantly higher FC values were found in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), superior frontal gyrus (SFG), inferior parietal lobule (IPL), rectal gyrus (RTG), and superior parietal lobule (SPL) in AMDs compared with HCs. Conversely, FC values in the cerebellum posterior lobe (CPL), middle cingulate gyrus (MCG), medulla (MDL), cerebellum anterior lobe (CAL), and thalamus (TLM) were significantly lower in AMDs than in HCs. Conclusion This study demonstrated FC abnormalities in many specific cerebral regions in AMD patients, and may provide new insights for exploration of potential pathophysiological mechanism of AMD-induced functional cerebral changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Xiao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hai-Jun Li
- Department of PET Center and Medical Image Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiu-Yu Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Rong-Bin Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hui-Ye Shu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qian-Min Ge
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xu-Lin Liao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yi-Cong Pan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jie-Li Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Xiamen, China
| | - Ting Su
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Xiamen, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Li-Juan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiong Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Qiong Zhou,
| | - Yi Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Yi Shao,
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Jin H, Chen RB, Zhong YL, Lai PH, Huang X. Effect of Impaired Stereoscopic Vision on Large-Scale Resting-State Functional Network Connectivity in Comitant Exotropia Patients. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:833937. [PMID: 35350559 PMCID: PMC8957945 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.833937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Comitant exotropia (CE) is a common eye movement disorder, characterized by impaired eye movements and stereoscopic vision. CE patients reportedly exhibit changes in the central nervous system. However, it remains unclear whether large-scale brain network changes occur in CE patients. Purpose This study investigated the effects of exotropia and stereoscopic vision dysfunction on large-scale brain networks in CE patients via independent component analysis (ICA). Methods Twenty-eight CE patients (mean age, 15.80 ± 2.46 years) and 27 healthy controls (HCs; mean age, 16.00 ± 2.68 years; closely matched for age, sex, and education) underwent resting-state magnetic resonance imaging. ICA was applied to extract resting-state networks (RSNs) in both groups. Two-sample’s t-tests were conducted to investigate intranetwork functional connectivity (FC) within RSNs and interactions among RSNs between the two groups. Results Compared with the HC group, the CE group showed increased intranetwork FC in the bilateral postcentral gyrus of the sensorimotor network (SMN). The CE group also showed decreased intranetwork FC in the right cerebellum_8 of the cerebellum network (CER), the right superior temporal gyrus of the auditory network (AN), and the right middle occipital gyrus of the visual network (VN). Moreover, functional network connectivity (FNC) analysis showed that CER-AN, SMN-VN, SN-DMN, and DMN-VN connections were significantly altered between the two groups. Conclusion Comitant exotropia patients had abnormal brain networks related to the CER, SMN, AN, and VN. Our results offer important insights into the neural mechanisms of eye movements and stereoscopic vision dysfunction in CE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Ri-Bo Chen
- Department of Radiology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Yu-Lin Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Ping-Hong Lai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Xin Huang,
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Guo Y, Fu J, Hong J, Liu Z, He X. Functional changes in the visual cortex in preoperative and postoperative patients with intermittent exotropia: study protocol for a non-randomised case-control clinical trial. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e055848. [PMID: 35210343 PMCID: PMC8883252 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intermittent exotropia (IXT) is the most common type of divergent squint. IXT is primarily a cortical neurologic dysfunction disorder, occurring as a result of the insufficient maintenance of sensory and motor fusion. Recent reports have demonstrated the relationship between IXT and visual cortical impairment. We planned to assess blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD)-functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in patients with IXT during the preoperative and postoperative follow-ups to evaluate the functional changes in the visual cortex. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A total of 90 Chinese subjects will be recruited, and their ages will be between 18 and 40 years old. The subjects will include the surgical treatment (ST) group (45 subjects with IXT who will undergo surgery) and the HC group (45 age-matched, sex-matched and education-matched healthy volunteers). The assessments will include the following aspects: fMRI and general ophthalmic examinations, optometry measurements and strabismus-related tests, such as the ocular deviation, binocular vision test and Newcastle Control Score (NCS). Each subject will complete the resting-state BOLD-fMRI, and the sequences will include echo planar imaging (EPI) pulse and 3-dimensional brain volume (3D-BRAVO) to acquire high-resolution images. The follow-up schedule will be 6 and 12 months after the surgery. The primary outcome will be determined by cortex changes in BOLD-fMRI in the ST group before and after surgery. We will also compare the HC group with the preoperative subjects in the ST group. The secondary outcomes will be changes in strabismus-related examinations, such as binocular visual function and NCS. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval was obtained from the Medical Ethics Committee of Beijing Tongren Hospital. We plan to publish the results of this study in a peer-reviewed journal article. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ChiCTR2100048852.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Hong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohui Liu
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueying He
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Yu CY, Huang R, Li SQ, Shao Y. Neuroimaging Markers of Chronic Eye Diseases and Their Application Values. Front Neurol 2022; 13:854605. [PMID: 35775050 PMCID: PMC9239325 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.854605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the impact of various chronic eye diseases on quality of life has become increasingly apparent. Therefore, it is particularly important to control the progress of chronic diseases at an early stage. Many studies have used neuroimaging methods to explore the effects of chronic eye diseases on the brain, and to identify changes in brain function that may act as markers for early diagnosis and treatment. This article reviews the clinical application of different techniques of functional magnetic resonance imaging in chronic eye diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yu Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shi-Qi Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Yin X, Chen L, Ma M, Zhang H, Gao M, Wu X, Li Y. Altered Brain Structure and Spontaneous Functional Activity in Children With Concomitant Strabismus. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:777762. [PMID: 34867247 PMCID: PMC8634149 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.777762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Strabismus occurs in about 2% of children and may result in amblyopia or lazy eyes and loss of depth perception. However, whether/how long-term strabismus shapes the brain structure and functions in children with concomitant strabismus (CS) is still unclear. In this study, a total of 26 patients with CS and 28 age-, sex-, and education-matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent structural and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging examination. The cortical thickness and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) were calculated to assess the structural and functional plasticity in children with CS. Compared with HCs group, patients with CS showed increased cortical thickness in the precentral gyrus and angular gyrus while decreased cortical thickness in the left intraparietal sulcus, parieto-occipital sulcus, superior and middle temporal gyrus, right ventral premotor cortex, anterior insula, orbitofrontal cortex, and paracentral lobule. Meanwhile, CS patients exhibited increased ALFF in the prefrontal cortex and superior temporal gyrus, and decreased ALFF in the caudate and hippocampus. These results show that children with CS have abnormal structure and function in brain regions subserving eye movement, controls, and high-order cognitive functions. Our findings revealed the structural and functional abnormalities induced by CS and may provide new insight into the underlying neural mechanisms for CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Yin
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lingjun Chen
- Department of Radiology, Gaoling District Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingyue Ma
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoping Wu
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- Department of CT and MRI, Weinan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weinan, China
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21
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Chen J, Jin H, Zhong YL, Huang X. Abnormal Low-Frequency Oscillations Reflect Abnormal Eye Movement and Stereovision in Patients With Comitant Exotropia. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:754234. [PMID: 34690728 PMCID: PMC8531266 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.754234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Patients with comitant exotropia (CE) are accompanied by abnormal eye movements and stereovision. However, the neurophysiological mechanism of impaired eye movements and stereovision in patient with CE is still unclear. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate spontaneous neural activity changes in patients with CE using the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) method and the machine learning method. Materials and Methods: A total of 21 patients with CE and 21 healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state magnetic resonance imaging scans. The ALFF and fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) values were chosen as classification features using a machine learning method. Results: Compared with the HC group, patients with CE had significantly decreased ALFF values in the right angular (ANG)/middle occipital gyrus (MOG)/middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and bilateral supplementary motor area (SMA)/precentral gyrus (PreCG). Meanwhile, patients with CE showed significantly increased fALFF values in the left putamen (PUT) and decreased fALFF values in the right ANG/MOG. Moreover, patients with CE showed a decreased functional connectivity (FC) between the right ANG/MOG/MTG and the bilateral calcarine (CAL)/lingual (LING) and increased FC between the left PUT and the bilateral cerebellum 8/9 (CER 8/9). The support vector machine (SVM) classification reaches a total accuracy of 93 and 90% and the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.93 and 0.90 based on ALFF and fALFF values, respectively. Conclusion: Our result highlights that patients with CE had abnormal brain neural activities including MOG and supplementary motor area/PreCG, which might reflect the neural mechanism of eye movements and stereovision dysfunction in patients with CE. Moreover, ALFF and fALFF could be sensitive biomarkers for distinguishing patients with CE from HCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Han Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yu-Lin Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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22
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Tong Y, Huang X, Qi CX, Shen Y. Altered Functional Connectivity of the Primary Visual Cortex in Patients With Iridocyclitis and Assessment of Its Predictive Value Using Machine Learning. Front Immunol 2021; 12:660554. [PMID: 34025659 PMCID: PMC8137842 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.660554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To explore the intrinsic functional connectivity (FC) alteration of the primary visual cortex (V1) between individuals with iridocyclitis and healthy controls (HCs) by the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technique, and to investigate whether FC findings be used to differentiate patients with iridocyclitis from HCs. Methods Twenty-six patients with iridocyclitis and twenty-eight well-matched HCs were recruited in our study and underwent resting-state fMRI examinations. The fMRI data were analyzed by Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM12), Data Processing and Analysis for Brain Imaging (DPABI), and Resting State fMRI Data Analysis Toolkit (REST) software. Differences in FC signal values of the V1 between the individuals with iridocyclitis and HCs were compared using independent two-sample t-tests. Significant differences in FC between two groups were chosen as classification features for distinguishing individuals with iridocyclitis from HCs using a support vector machine (SVM) classifier that involved machine learning. Classifier performance was evaluated using permutation test analysis. Results Compared with HCs, patients with iridocyclitis displayed significantly increased FC between the left V1 and left cerebellum crus1, left cerebellum 10, bilateral inferior temporal gyrus, right hippocampus, and left superior occipital gyrus. Moreover, patients with iridocyclitis displayed significantly lower FC between the left V1 and both the bilateral calcarine and bilateral postcentral gyrus. Patients with iridocyclitis also exhibited significantly higher FC values between the right V1 and left cerebellum crus1, bilateral thalamus, and left middle temporal gyrus; while they displayed significantly lower FC between the right V1 and both the bilateral calcarine and bilateral postcentral gyrus (voxel-level P<0.01, Gaussian random field correction, cluster-level P<0.05). Our results showed that 63.46% of the participants were correctly classified using the leave-one-out cross-validation technique with an SVM classifier based on the FC of the left V1; and 67.31% of the participants were correctly classified based on the FC of the right V1 (P<0.001, non-parametric permutation test). Conclusion Patients with iridocyclitis displayed significantly disturbed FC between the V1 and various brain regions, including vision-related, somatosensory, and cognition-related regions. The FC variability could distinguish patients with iridocyclitis from HCs with substantial accuracy. These findings may aid in identifying the potential neurological mechanisms of impaired visual function in individuals with iridocyclitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Tong
- Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Chen-Xing Qi
- Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yin Shen
- Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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23
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Wang Y, Wang X, Shi H, Xia L, Dong J, Nguchu BA, Uwisengeyimana JDD, Liu Y, Zhang D, Feng L, Qiu B. Microstructural properties of major white matter tracts in constant exotropia before and after strabismus surgery. Br J Ophthalmol 2021; 106:870-877. [PMID: 33468491 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-317948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The purpose of this study was to explore the microstructural properties of the major white matter (WM) tracts in constant exotropia (XT) before and after strabismus surgery, and further investigate the association between microstructural alterations and the ocular dominance (OD). METHODS We collected diffusion tensor imaging data of patients with XT before (n=19) and after (n=15) strabismus surgery and 20 healthy controls and evaluated OD and stereopsis. The probabilistic streamline tractography of the 24 major WM tracts was reconstructed by using the automated fibre quantification package. Fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity (MD) along each tract were estimated, and their differences between the groups were examined. Furthermore, we evaluated the relationship between OD and the absolute value of altered microstructural parameters. RESULTS While all postoperative XT patients restored normal stereopsis, most of their OD remained aberrant (9 out of 11). Compared with that of preoperation, the MD of postoperative patients decreased significantly along left anterior thalamic radiation (ATR), left arcuate fasciculus (AF), left corticospinal tract (CST), left cingulum cingulate (CGC) and left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus. Moreover, OD was negatively correlated with the absolute value of MD changes in left ATR, left AF, left CST and left CGC. CONCLUSION Microstructural alterations after surgery in the visuospatial network tracts may contribute to the stereopsis restoration. Additionally, the results of the correlation analysis may signify that the balanced binocular input may be more conducive for the restoration and improvement of binocular visual function, including stereopsis. Thus, restoring normal ocular balance after surgical correction may be necessary to achieve more substantial improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanming Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and the Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and the Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hongmei Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The People's Hospital of Bozhou, Bozhou, Anhui, China
| | - Lin Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiong Dong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Benedictor Alexander Nguchu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and the Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jean De Dieu Uwisengeyimana
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and the Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yanpeng Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and the Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Du Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and the Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lixia Feng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Bensheng Qiu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and the Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
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24
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Xi S, Yao J, Zhang S, Liu R, Wu L, Ye X, Zhang P, Wen W, Zhao C. Disrupted neural signals in patients with concomitant exotropia. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2020; 40:650-659. [PMID: 32672862 DOI: 10.1111/opo.12715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Decreased binocular and oculomotor function in strabismics has recently been considered as cortical in origin. This study aimed to investigate functional abnormalities using a frequency-specific neuroimaging method in patients with concomitant exotropia (XT), and to demonstrate the clinical implications. METHODS Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected in 26 XT patients and 26 matched controls. To evaluate the local spontaneous neural activity, the amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) was calculated in the typical frequency band (0.01-0.08 Hz) as well as five narrowly-defined frequency bands (slow-6: 0-0.01 Hz, slow-5: 0.01-0.027 Hz, slow-4: 0.027-0.073 Hz, slow-3: 0.073-0.167 Hz, and slow-2: 0.167-0.25 Hz), respectively. RESULTS Patients with XT showed decreased ALFF in the bilateral parieto-occipital sulcus (POS), and increased ALFF in the bilateral thalamus within the typical frequency band. Frequency-dependent ALFF alterations were found in the higher visual areas such as the right lateral occipital complex (LOC). Furthermore, ALFF in the right LOC in the slow-5 band was positively correlated with fusion control score (r = 0.70, p < 0.0001) and binocular function score (r = 0.67, p = 0.0002). Regression analyses showed that early age of onset remained the only significant explanatory factor for ALFF reduction in the right POS in the typically-measured frequency band (also referred to as the typical frequency band) (Odds ratio, 0.038; 95% confidence interval, 0.001 to 0.075). CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide spatial information regarding the functionally disrupted regions in XT. Moreover, the frequency-dependent ALLF alteration in the right LOC might reflect a potential plastic capacity in binocular function, which could be a potential objective index for evaluating disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sida Xi
- Eye Research Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Yao
- Eye Research Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujie Zhang
- Eye Research Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Eye Research Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lianqun Wu
- Eye Research Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinpei Ye
- Department of Radiology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Wen
- Eye Research Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Eye Research Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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25
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Su T, Yuan Q, Liao XL, Shi WQ, Zhou XZ, Lin Q, Min YL, Li B, Jiang N, Shao Y. Altered intrinsic functional connectivity of the primary visual cortex in patients with retinal vein occlusion: a resting-state fMRI study. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2020; 10:958-969. [PMID: 32489920 DOI: 10.21037/qims.2020.03.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background To investigate the differences of spontaneous functional connectivity (FC) of the primary visual cortex (V1) between patients with retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and healthy controls (HCs) using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data. Methods Twenty-one patients with RVO in total (11 males, 10 females) and 21 HCs similarly analogue in age and sex background were enrolled and inspected with rs-fMRI. The difference in FC of V1 between two groups were compared using two-sample t-test. We used the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to distinguish average FC values of RVO subjects from HCs. The interrelationships between FC signals of specific cerebrum regions and clinical features in RVOs were assessed with the Pearson's correlation analysis. Results Compared with HCs, FC in left V1 and right middle frontal gyrus increased significantly in RVO group, while FC in left V1 and right cuneus decreased significantly. Meanwhile, patients with RVO presented increased FC between the right V1 and right middle frontal gyrus, right superior frontal gyrus, but declining FC between right V1 and right cuneus. The mean FC value between the right cuneus and the right V1 as well as the left V1 were negative correlated with the foveal thickness of RVO patients. ROC curve analysis of each brain regions showed the accuracy of AUC was excellent. Conclusions RVO involves aberrant FC in V1 in different brain areas including visual-related and cognitive-related region, which might assist to unveil the underlying neural mechanisms of impaired visual function in RVO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Su
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang 330006, China.,Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xu-Lin Liao
- Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Wen-Qing Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xue-Zhi Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Qi Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - You-Lan Min
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Biao Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Yi Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang 330006, China
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26
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Hu SL, Tang LY, Fang JW, Su T, Ge QM, Lin Q, Li B, Shi WQ, Li QY, Liang RB, Shao Y. Altered Intrinsic Functional Connectivity of the Primary Visual Cortex in Patients with Corneal Ulcer: A Resting-State fMRI Study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2020; 16:1571-1581. [PMID: 32612359 PMCID: PMC7323573 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s238463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate differences in the functional connectivity (FC) of the primary visual cortex between patients with corneal ulcer (CU) and healthy controls (HCs) using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 30 patients with CU and 30 HCs were closely matched in terms of sex, age, and level of education. Two-sample t-test, receiver operating characteristic curve, and Pearson's correlation coefficient analyses were used to determine the differences in FC between the two groups, the mean FC value of patients with CU and HCs, and the correlation between FC signal values and clinical manifestations in different brain regions of patients. RESULTS The CU group showed significantly elevated FC in the left and right middle frontal gyri and lower FC with the right cuneus compared with the HC group. In addition, the FC of the right cingulate and left superior frontal gyri also increased in the CU group. The receiver operating characteristic curve revealed high diagnostic value in those brain regions. CONCLUSION CU involves aberrant FC of the primary visual cortex in different brain areas, including visual-related and cognitive-related regions. This finding may unveil the underlying neural mechanisms of impaired visual function in CU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Long Hu
- National Center for Children's Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, People's Republic of China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Clinical Ophthalmology Institute, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Ying Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science; Eye Institute of Xiamen University; Xiamen University School of Medicine, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Wen Fang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Clinical Ophthalmology Institute, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Su
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science; Eye Institute of Xiamen University; Xiamen University School of Medicine, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian-Min Ge
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Clinical Ophthalmology Institute, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Clinical Ophthalmology Institute, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Biao Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Clinical Ophthalmology Institute, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Qing Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Clinical Ophthalmology Institute, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu-Yu Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Clinical Ophthalmology Institute, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong-Bin Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Clinical Ophthalmology Institute, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Clinical Ophthalmology Institute, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
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27
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Wu YY, Wang SF, Zhu PW, Yuan Q, Shi WQ, Lin Q, Li B, Min YL, Zhou Q, Shao Y. Altered Intrinsic Functional Connectivity of the Primary Visual Cortex in Patients with Neovascular Glaucoma: A Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2020; 16:25-33. [PMID: 32021196 PMCID: PMC6954828 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s228606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose was to investigate the differences in spontaneous functional connectivity (FC) of the primary visual cortex (V1) between patients with neovascular glaucoma (NVG) and healthy controls (HCs) using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data. METHODS A total of 18 patients with NVG (nine males and nine females) and 18 HCs with similar age and sex background were enrolled in the study and inspected using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. The differences in FC of the V1 between the two groups were compared using the independent samples t-test. We used the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to compare the average FC values of NVG subjects with those of HCs. RESULTS FC in the left V1 and right fusiform gyrus, bilateral cuneus, and left precuneus was significantly decreased in the NVG group compared with that reported in the HC group. Meanwhile, patients with NVG presented increased FC between the right V1 and bilateral middle frontal gyrus. However, they also exhibited declining FC between the right V1 and left precuneus, and bilateral cuneus. The ROC curve analysis of each brain region indicated that the accuracy of the area under the ROC curves regarding NVG was excellent. CONCLUSION NVG involves aberrant FC in the V1 in different brain areas, including the visual-related and cognitive-related regions. These findings may assist in unveiling the underlying neural mechanisms of impaired visual function in NVG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shui-Feng Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei-Wen Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Qing Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Biao Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - You-Lan Min
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
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Yu Y, Lan DY, Tang LY, Su T, Li B, Jiang N, Liang RB, Ge QM, Li QY, Shao Y. Intrinsic functional connectivity alterations of the primary visual cortex in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy: a seed-based resting-state fMRI study. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab 2020; 11:2042018820960296. [PMID: 33149884 PMCID: PMC7580186 DOI: 10.1177/2042018820960296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, we aimed to investigate the differences in the intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC) of the primary visual cortex (V1), based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), between patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and healthy controls (HCs). METHODS In total, 26 patients (12 males, 14 females) with PDR and 26 HCs (12 males, 14 females), matched for sex, age, and education status, were enrolled in the study. All individuals underwent rs-fMRI scans. We acquired iFC maps and compared the differences between PDR patients and the HCs. RESULTS The PDR group had significantly increased FC between the left V1 and the right middle frontal gyrus (RMFG), and significantly reduced FC between the left V1 and the cuneus/calcarine/precuneus. In addition, the PDR patients had significantly increased FC between the right V1 and the right superior frontal gyrus (RSFG), and significantly reduced FC between the right V1 and the cuneus/calcarine/precuneus. The individual areas under the curve (AUCs) of FC values for the left V1 were as follows: RMFG (0.871, p < 0.001) and the cuneus/calcarine/precuneus (0.914, p < 0.001), while the AUCs of FC values for the right V1 were as follows: RSFG (0.895, p < 0.001) and the cuneus/calcarine/precuneus (0.918, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrated that, in PDR patients, altered iFC in distinct brain regions, including regions related to visual information processing and cognition. Considering the rise in the diabetes mellitus incidence rate and the consequences of PDR, the results could provide promising clues for exploring the neural mechanisms related to PDR and possible approaches for the early identification of PDR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Li-Ying Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science; Eye Institute of Xiamen University; Xiamen University School of Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
| | - Ting Su
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science; Eye Institute of Xiamen University; Xiamen University School of Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
| | - Biao Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Clinical Ophthalmology Institute, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science; Eye Institute of Xiamen University; Xiamen University School of Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
| | - Rong-Bin Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Clinical Ophthalmology Institute, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qian-Min Ge
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Clinical Ophthalmology Institute, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qiu-Yu Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Clinical Ophthalmology Institute, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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