1
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Andrews PW. The origins of human pluripotent stem cells: the road from a cancer to regenerative medicine. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2024; 60:514-520. [PMID: 38396072 PMCID: PMC11126438 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-024-00865-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The notion of using pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) as a source of differentiated cell types for replacement of disease or damaged tissues in regenerative medicine is now an active area of research, with approaches to treating eye diseases such as age-related macular degeneration or Parkinson's disease now on the horizon. But the foundations for this research lie in a quite different area of science, namely the role of genetics of cancer. In this review, we trace the evolution of ideas starting with the discovery that strain 129 mice are particularly subject to develop germ cell tumors, through the identification of embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells as the stem cells of the teratocarcinoma manifestation of these tumors, to the recognition of their relationship to pluripotent cells of the early embryo, and eventually their role in the derivation of embryonic stem cells, first from mouse embryos and then from primates including humans. This is a story that illustrates how science commonly develops through the interests and insights of individual investigators, often with unexpected and unintended outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter W Andrews
- The Centre for Stem Cell Biology, The School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
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2
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Vitillo L, Anjum F, Hewitt Z, Stavish D, Laing O, Baker D, Barbaric I, Coffey P. The isochromosome 20q abnormality of pluripotent cells interrupts germ layer differentiation. Stem Cell Reports 2023; 18:782-797. [PMID: 36801002 PMCID: PMC10031278 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromosome 20 abnormalities are some of the most frequent genomic changes acquired by human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) cultures worldwide. Yet their effects on differentiation remain largely unexplored. We investigated a recurrent abnormality also found on amniocentesis, the isochromosome 20q (iso20q), during a clinical retinal pigment epithelium differentiation. Here we show that the iso20q abnormality interrupts spontaneous embryonic lineage specification. Isogenic lines revealed that under conditions that promote the spontaneous differentiation of wild-type hPSCs, the iso20q variants fail to differentiate into primitive germ layers and to downregulate pluripotency networks, resulting in apoptosis. Instead, iso20q cells are highly biased for extra-embryonic/amnion differentiation following inhibition of DNMT3B methylation or BMP2 treatment. Finally, directed differentiation protocols can overcome the iso20q block. Our findings reveal in iso20q a chromosomal abnormality that impairs the developmental competency of hPSCs toward germ layers but not amnion, which models embryonic developmental bottlenecks in the presence of aberrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loriana Vitillo
- Rescue, Repair and Regeneration, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, EC1V 9EL London, UK.
| | - Fabiha Anjum
- Rescue, Repair and Regeneration, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, EC1V 9EL London, UK
| | - Zoe Hewitt
- Centre for Stem Cell Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, S10 2TN Sheffield, UK
| | - Dylan Stavish
- Centre for Stem Cell Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, S10 2TN Sheffield, UK
| | - Owen Laing
- Centre for Stem Cell Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, S10 2TN Sheffield, UK
| | - Duncan Baker
- Sheffield Diagnostic Genetic Services, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - Ivana Barbaric
- Centre for Stem Cell Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, S10 2TN Sheffield, UK
| | - Pete Coffey
- Rescue, Repair and Regeneration, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, EC1V 9EL London, UK; Centre for Stem Cell Biology and Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
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3
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Xue Y, Lin B, Chen JT, Tang WC, Browne AW, Seiler MJ. The Prospects for Retinal Organoids in Treatment of Retinal Diseases. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2022; 11:314-327. [PMID: 36041146 PMCID: PMC9966053 DOI: 10.1097/apo.0000000000000538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal degeneration (RD) is a significant cause of incurable blindness worldwide. Photoreceptors and retinal pigmented epithelium are irreversibly damaged in advanced RD. Functional replacement of photoreceptors and/or retinal pigmented epithelium cells is a promising approach to restoring vision. This paper reviews the current status and explores future prospects of the transplantation therapy provided by pluripotent stem cell-derived retinal organoids (ROs). This review summarizes the status of rodent RD disease models and discusses RO culture and analytical tools to evaluate RO quality and function. Finally, we review and discuss the studies in which RO-derived cells or sheets were transplanted. In conclusion, methods to derive ROs from pluripotent stem cells have significantly improved and become more efficient in recent years. Meanwhile, more novel technologies are applied to characterize and validate RO quality. However, opportunity remains to optimize tissue differentiation protocols and achieve better RO reproducibility. In order to screen high-quality ROs for downstream applications, approaches such as noninvasive and label-free imaging and electrophysiological functional testing are promising and worth further investigation. Lastly, transplanted RO-derived tissues have allowed improvements in visual function in several RD models, showing promises for clinical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntian Xue
- Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA
- Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Bin Lin
- Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Jacqueline T. Chen
- Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - William C. Tang
- Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Andrew W. Browne
- Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Magdalene J. Seiler
- Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of California, Irvine, CA
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, CA
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4
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[Optogenetics and cell replacement in retinology : Regenerative ophthalmology-What we can do!]. Ophthalmologe 2022; 119:910-918. [PMID: 35536395 DOI: 10.1007/s00347-022-01631-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
For many degenerative retinal diseases that progressively lead to blindness, no treatment options are available so far. In recent years, several innovative therapies have been experimentally explored, which are promising because they are independent of the genetic cause of the degenerative disease. One of these is optogenetics, which involves light-sensitive proteins that selectively act as ion channels or ion pumps to control the potential of the treated cell. Thus, these cells can be stimulated or inhibited by light, quasi functionally remote controlled. In this way artificial photoreceptors are induced from the remaining cells, which has already been successfully employed in animal experiments. This type of treatment is already being tested on patients and leads to an improvement in vision, but so far only data from one patient are available. The use of optogenetics additionally requires special eyeglasses to adapt the light impulses in adequate strength and wavelength for the respective optogenes. Another exciting approach is cell replacement therapy of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptor cells to exchange degenerated cell material. This appears to be very successful for RPE cells in clinical trials. Obtaining human photoreceptors from stem cells is technically possible, but very laborious. The integration of the transplanted photoreceptors into the host retinal tissue also needs further optimization for broader clinical applications; however, both cell replacement and optogenetics approaches are promising, so that the translation from basic research into clinical application will be successful.
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5
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Gene-independent therapeutic interventions to maintain and restore light sensitivity in degenerating photoreceptors. Prog Retin Eye Res 2022; 90:101065. [PMID: 35562270 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2022.101065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative retinal diseases are a prime cause of blindness in industrialized countries. In many cases, there are no therapeutic treatments, although they are essential to improve patients' quality of life. A set of disease-causing genes, which primarily affect photoreceptors, has already been identified and is of major interest for developing gene therapies. Nevertheless, depending on the nature and the state of the disease, gene-independent strategies are needed. Various strategies to halt disease progression or maintain function of the retina are under research. These therapeutic interventions include neuroprotection, direct reprogramming of affected photoreceptors, the application of non-coding RNAs, the generation of artificial photoreceptors by optogenetics and cell replacement strategies. During recent years, major breakthroughs have been made such as the first optogenetic application to a blind patient whose visual function partially recovered by targeting retinal ganglion cells. Also, RPE cell transplantation therapies are under clinical investigation and show great promise to improve visual function in blind patients. These cells are generated from human stem cells. Similar therapies for replacing photoreceptors are extensively tested in pre-clinical models. This marks just the start of promising new cures taking advantage of developments in the areas of genetic engineering, optogenetics, and stem-cell research. In this review, we present the recent therapeutic advances of gene-independent approaches that are currently under clinical evaluation. Our main focus is on photoreceptors as these sensory cells are highly vulnerable to degenerative diseases, and are crucial for light detection.
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Saçaki CS, Mogharbel BF, Stricker PEF, Dziedzic DSM, Irioda AC, Perussolo MC, Somma AT, Montiani-Ferreira F, Moreno JCD, Dornbusch P, Sato M, Shiokawa N, de Noronha L, Nagashima S, Bacelar-Galdino M, Franco CRC, Abdelwahid E, Carvalho KAT. Potential of Human Neural Precursor Cells in Diabetic Retinopathy Therapeutics - Preclinical Model. Curr Eye Res 2021; 47:450-460. [PMID: 34749546 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2021.2002909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate a cell therapy strategy with human neural precursor cells (hNPCs) to treat diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Wistar rats induced to diabetes by injecting streptozotocin. Material and methods: Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) were isolated, expanded, and seeded onto a biopolymer substrate to develop neurospheres and obtain the hNPCs. The animals were divided into three groups; non-diabetic (ND) n = four; diabetic without treatment (DM) n = nine; and diabetic with cell therapy (DM + hNPCs) n = nine. After eight weeks of diabetes induction and DR characteristics installed, intravitreal injection of hNPCs (1 x 106 cel/µL) was performed in the DM + hNPCs group. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and Electroretinography (ERG) evaluations were before and during diabetes and after cell therapy. Four weeks post-treatment, histopathological and immunohistochemistry analyses were performed. Results: The repair of the retinal structures in the treated group (DM + hNPCs) was observed by increased thickness of neuroretinal layers, especially in the ganglion cell and photoreceptor layers, higher ERG oscillatory potentials (OPs) amplitudes, and transplanted hNPCs integration into the Retinal Pigment Epithelium. Conclusions: The results indicate that hNPCs reduced DR progression by a neuroprotective effect and promoted retinal repair, making them potential candidates for regenerating the neuroretinal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Sayuri Saçaki
- Advanced Therapy and Cellular Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Department, The Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute, Child and Adolescent Health Research & Pequeno Príncipe Faculties, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Bassam Felipe Mogharbel
- Advanced Therapy and Cellular Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Department, The Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute, Child and Adolescent Health Research & Pequeno Príncipe Faculties, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Priscila Elias Ferreira Stricker
- Advanced Therapy and Cellular Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Department, The Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute, Child and Adolescent Health Research & Pequeno Príncipe Faculties, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Dilcele Silva Moreira Dziedzic
- Advanced Therapy and Cellular Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Department, The Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute, Child and Adolescent Health Research & Pequeno Príncipe Faculties, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Irioda
- Advanced Therapy and Cellular Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Department, The Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute, Child and Adolescent Health Research & Pequeno Príncipe Faculties, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Maiara Carolina Perussolo
- Advanced Therapy and Cellular Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Department, The Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute, Child and Adolescent Health Research & Pequeno Príncipe Faculties, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - André Tavares Somma
- Veterinary Medicine Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | | | - Peterson Dornbusch
- Veterinary Medicine Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Mário Sato
- Ophthalmology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Naoye Shiokawa
- Ophthalmology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Lúcia de Noronha
- Pathology Laboratory of Institute of Biological and Health Sciences of Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Seigo Nagashima
- Pathology Laboratory of Institute of Biological and Health Sciences of Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | | | - Eltyeb Abdelwahid
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute,Chicago, USA
| | - Katherine Athayde Teixeirade Carvalho
- Advanced Therapy and Cellular Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Department, The Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute, Child and Adolescent Health Research & Pequeno Príncipe Faculties, Curitiba, Brazil
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Li SY, Liu Y, Wang L, Wang F, Zhao TT, Li QY, Xu HW, Meng XH, Hao J, Zhou Q, Wang L, Yin ZQ. A phase I clinical trial of human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells for early-stage Stargardt macular degeneration: 5-years' follow-up. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e13100. [PMID: 34347352 PMCID: PMC8450131 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate the long‐term biosafety and efficacy of transplantation of human embryonic stem cells‐derived retinal pigment epithelial (hESC‐RPE) cells in early‐stage of Stargardt macular degeneration (STGD1). Materials and methods Seven patients participated in this prospective clinical study, where they underwent a single subretinal transplantation of 1 × 105 hESC‐RPE cells in one eye, whereas the fellow eye served as control. These patients were reassessed for a 60‐month follow‐up through systemic and ophthalmic examinations. Results None of the patients experienced adverse reactions systemically or locally, except for two who had transiently high intraocular pressure post‐operation. Functional assessments demonstrated that all of the seven operated eyes had transiently increased or stable visual function 1‐4 months after transplantation. At the last follow‐up visit, two of the seven eyes showed visual function loss than the baseline; however, one of them showed a stable visual acuity when compared with the change of fellow eye. Obvious small high reflective foci in the RPE layer were displayed after the transplantation, and maintained until the last visit. Interestingly, three categories of patients who were classified based on autofluorescence, exhibited distinctive patterns of morphological and functional change. Conclusions Subretinal transplantation of hESC‐RPE in early‐stage STGD1 is safe and tolerated in the long term. Further investigation is needed for choosing proper subjects according to the multi‐model image and function assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Ying Li
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Innovation Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Tong-Tao Zhao
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi-You Li
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Hai-Wei Xu
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Meng
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Innovation Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Innovation Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Innovation Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng-Qin Yin
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
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8
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Caridi B, Doncheva D, Sivaprasad S, Turowski P. Galectins in the Pathogenesis of Common Retinal Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:687495. [PMID: 34079467 PMCID: PMC8165321 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.687495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diseases of the retina are major causes of visual impairment and blindness in developed countries and, due to an ageing population, their prevalence is continually rising. The lack of effective therapies and the limitations of those currently in use highlight the importance of continued research into the pathogenesis of these diseases. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a major role in driving vascular dysfunction in retinal disease and has therefore become a key therapeutic target. Recent evidence also points to a potentially similarly important role of galectins, a family of β-galactoside-binding proteins. Indeed, they have been implicated in regulating fundamental processes, including vascular hyperpermeability, angiogenesis, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress, all of which also play a prominent role in retinopathies. Here, we review direct evidence for pathological roles of galectins in retinal disease. In addition, we extrapolate potential roles of galectins in the retina from evidence in cancer, immune and neuro-biology. We conclude that there is value in increasing understanding of galectin function in retinal biology, in particular in the context of the retinal vasculature and microglia. With greater insight, recent clinical developments of galectin-targeting drugs could potentially also be of benefit to the clinical management of many blinding diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Caridi
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dilyana Doncheva
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sobha Sivaprasad
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Patric Turowski
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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9
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Culture surface protein coatings affect the barrier properties and calcium signalling of hESC-RPE. Sci Rep 2021; 11:933. [PMID: 33441679 PMCID: PMC7806758 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79638-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) transplantation is currently under evaluation as treatment for macular degeneration. For therapeutic applications, cryostorage during cell production is typically needed with potential consequences to cell functionality. We have previously shown that the culture substrate affects human embryonic stem cell-derived RPE (hESC-RPE) properties in fresh cultures. Here, we aimed to further identify the role of RPE basement membrane proteins type IV collagen (Col-IV), laminin (LN), and nidogen-1 in the maturation and functionality of hESC-RPE after cryopreservation. In addition to cell attachment and morphology, transepithelial electrical resistance, expression of key RPE proteins, phagocytosis capacity and Ca2+ signalling were analysed. After cryostorage, attachment of hESC-RPE on culture surfaces coated with Col-IV alone was poor. Combining Col-IV and LN with or without nidogen-1 significantly improved cell attachment and barrier properties of the epithelium. Furthermore, functional homogeneity of the hESC-RPE monolayer was enhanced in the presence of nidogen-1. Our results suggest that the choice of coating proteins for the cell culture may have implications to the functional properties of these cells after cryostorage cell banking.
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10
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Kobold S, Guhr A, Mah N, Bultjer N, Seltmann S, Seiler Wulczyn AEM, Stacey G, Jie H, Liu W, Löser P, Kurtz A. A Manually Curated Database on Clinical Studies Involving Cell Products Derived from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2020; 15:546-555. [PMID: 32679065 PMCID: PMC7419703 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The last 5 years have witnessed a significant increase in the number of clinical studies based on human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). In parallel, concern is increasing about the proliferation of unregulated stem cell treatments worldwide. Regulated clinical testing is a de facto standard to establish the safety and efficacy of new cell therapies, yet reliable information on clinical studies involving hPSCs is scattered. Our analysis of a multitude of resources found 54 clinical studies involving several types of hPSCs, which are performed in ten countries. While the majority of those studies is based on human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), clinical studies involving human induced pluripotent stem cells increased more strongly in the past 2 years than the number of hESC-based studies. A publicly accessible database was created using the human pluripotent stem cell registry (https://hpscreg.eu) platform, providing a steadily updated comprehensive overview on hPSC-based clinical studies performed worldwide. Establishment of a database for clinical studies based on pluripotent stem cells 54 clinical studies identified from public sources Majority of studies based on embryonic stem cells Strong increase in studies based on induced pluripotent stem cells in last 2 years
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Kobold
- Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anke Guhr
- Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nancy Mah
- BCRT - Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nils Bultjer
- BCRT - Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Seltmann
- BCRT - Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Glyn Stacey
- International Stem Cell Banking Initiative, 2 High Street, Barley, Herts SG8 8HZ, UK; National Stem Cell Resource Centre, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Innovation Academy for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hao Jie
- National Stem Cell Resource Centre, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wang Liu
- National Stem Cell Resource Centre, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Peter Löser
- Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Andreas Kurtz
- BCRT - Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; International Stem Cell Banking Initiative, 2 High Street, Barley, Herts SG8 8HZ, UK.
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