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Bastelica P, Renard JP, Aptel F, Labbé A, Schweitzer C, Poli M, Rousseau A, Lamirel C, Baudouin C. The PRAMOS Study: PRostaglandin Analogues Monotherapy-Awareness Survey on Ocular Surface Involvement. Ophthalmol Ther 2024; 13:1537-1551. [PMID: 38587775 PMCID: PMC11109058 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-024-00936-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Even though the local tolerance of prostaglandin (PG) analogues has improved drastically since the introduction of preservative-free (PF) eye drops, prescription patterns still vary widely among practitioners and between countries and could have an impact on the ocular surface of treated patients and, in consequence, their adherence. The aim of this study is to explore the prescribing patterns of PG analogues monotherapy in France and to evaluate their impact on ocular surface status. METHODS This was a national multicenter cross-sectional observational study that was conducted by 18 glaucoma experts in France. Patients over 18 years of age and receiving monotherapy with topical PG analogues for the treatment of ocular hypertension and/or glaucoma, with no history of prior glaucoma surgery, were consecutively selected from the glaucoma outpatient clinics of participating physicians and underwent an ocular surface examination. RESULTS A total of 344 eyes of 344 patients were enrolled between November 2022 and November 2023. Prescribed PG monotherapy was PF in 271 (78.7%) patients. Clinical history and ocular surface evaluation indicated that 79.4% of the study population (n = 273) presented with at least one symptom or clinical sign of dry eye and that three patients out of four had an unstable tear film. Subgroup analysis comparing preserved and PF PG analogues showed a higher prevalence of conjunctival hyperemia and corneal staining in the preserved group. Multivariate analysis identified conjunctival hyperemia as consistently associated with preservative use (odds ratio = 7.654; p = 0.003 for moderate conjunctival hyperemia). CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the growing trend toward PF PG analogue prescriptions by specialists in France. However, ocular surface issues remain prevalent, impacting patient adherence and treatment efficacy. Comprehensive ocular surface examinations are crucial in glaucoma management to enhance long-term tolerance, compliance, and overall treatment success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Bastelica
- Quinze-Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital, INSERM-DHOS CIC 1423, IHU FOReSIGHT, 75012, Paris, France.
- Department of Ophthalmology III, Quinze-Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital, IHU FOReSIGHT, 28 rue de Charenton, 75012, Paris, France.
| | - Jean Paul Renard
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Bégin, 94160, Saint-Mandé, France
- Académie du Service de Santé des Armées du Val de Grâce, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Florent Aptel
- Cabinet d'ophtalmologie-Visis, 66000, Perpignan, France
- Polyclinique Médipôle Saint-Roch-Elsan, 66330, Cabestany, France
| | - Antoine Labbé
- Quinze-Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital, INSERM-DHOS CIC 1423, IHU FOReSIGHT, 75012, Paris, France
- Department of Ophthalmology III, Quinze-Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital, IHU FOReSIGHT, 28 rue de Charenton, 75012, Paris, France
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ambroise Paré Hospital, AP-HP, University of Versailles St Quentin, Paris Saclay University, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Cédric Schweitzer
- Department of Ophthalmology, CHU Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, ISPED, INSERM, U1219-Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Muriel Poli
- Centre Ophtalmologique Pôle Vision, Clinique du Val d'Ouest, 69130, Ecully, France
- Clinique de la Sauvegarde-Ramsay Santé, 69009, Lyon, France
| | - Antoine Rousseau
- Department of Ophthalmology III, Quinze-Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital, IHU FOReSIGHT, 28 rue de Charenton, 75012, Paris, France
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Paris-Saclay University, 91190, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - Cédric Lamirel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hôpital Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild, 75019, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Baudouin
- Quinze-Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital, INSERM-DHOS CIC 1423, IHU FOReSIGHT, 75012, Paris, France
- Department of Ophthalmology III, Quinze-Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital, IHU FOReSIGHT, 28 rue de Charenton, 75012, Paris, France
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ambroise Paré Hospital, AP-HP, University of Versailles St Quentin, Paris Saclay University, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Higa K, Kimoto R, Kojima T, Dogru M, Müller-Lierheim WGK, Shimazaki J. Therapeutic Aqueous Humor Concentrations of Latanoprost Attained in Rats by Administration in a Very-High-Molecular-Weight Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drop. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:523. [PMID: 38675184 PMCID: PMC11053993 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The temporal change in concentration of a novel medicine, Latanoprost (LP), was evaluated in the aqueous humor of rats (6-8-week-old Jcl:Wister rats) when delivered in a very-high-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (vHiHA) eye drop. Animals were randomly assigned to three treatment groups (LP + vHiHA (LPvHiHA), commercial LP (cLP), and diluted LP (dLP)) and after instilling the eye drops, the aqueous humor (AH) was collected at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 h to measure the LP concentration using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Although the LP concentration in the LPvHiHA eye drop formulation was 3.57 times lower than in the commercial eye drops used (cLP), the LP concentration in the AH following LPvHiHA administration reached a value close to that of cLP. The cLP was diluted to the same concentration of LP as in the LPvHiHA eye drops for the dLP group, but the LP concentration in the AH of these animals was lower than that of the LPvHiHA rats at all time points. The higher LP concentration in the AH of the LPvHiHA rats suggests that vHiHA may aid the transport of LP across the ocular surface epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunari Higa
- Cornea Center Eye Bank, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, 5-11-13 Sugano, Ichikawa 272-8513, Japan; (R.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Reona Kimoto
- Cornea Center Eye Bank, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, 5-11-13 Sugano, Ichikawa 272-8513, Japan; (R.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Takashi Kojima
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (T.K.); (M.D.)
| | - Murat Dogru
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (T.K.); (M.D.)
| | | | - Jun Shimazaki
- Cornea Center Eye Bank, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, 5-11-13 Sugano, Ichikawa 272-8513, Japan; (R.K.); (J.S.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, 5-11-13 Sugano, Ichikawa 272-8513, Japan
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Venkatesh S, Richardson M. Pharmacokinetic and Ocular Toxicity Evaluation of Latanoprost Ophthalmic Solution, 0.005%, with Preservative Level Reduced to Below the Limit of Quantitation. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2023; 39:622-630. [PMID: 37582270 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2023.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The systemic and ocular pharmacokinetics (PK), and ocular toxicity of benzalkonium chloride (BAK)-free TearClear latanoprost ophthalmic solution, 0.005% formulation (TC-002) were evaluated. TC-002 is designed to selectively capture BAK at the time of drug administration; therefore, the dose delivered to the eye contains no quantifiable level of preservative. Methods: The systemic and ocular PK of TC-002 were compared to a BAK containing reference listed drug (RLD, Xalatan™) over a 24-h period, after a single topical ocular dose to 1 eye of male Dutch Belted (DB) rabbits (n = 3/timepoint). Latanoprost acid concentrations were measured in plasma and ocular tissues. The ocular toxicity was evaluated in a separate study and included toxicokinetic evaluation of TC-002 after once daily topical ocular dosing into each eye of DB rabbits (n = 8/group) for at least 28 days. Toxicity endpoints included ophthalmic and clinical evaluations, necropsy, and microscopic evaluation of ocular tissues. Results: Average ratios of Cmax values for TC-002/RLD ranged from 0.6 to 1.6, and Cmax and area under the concentration-time curve of last observed concentration (AUClast) exposures to latanoprost acid were similar (<2-fold) between the 2 treatments. In the 28-day study, the Tmax was achieved in both groups in <0.5 h. There were no abnormal ocular findings. Conclusions: TC-002 with no quantifiable preservative or BAK-containing RLD exhibited similar ocular and systemic PK profiles. TC-002 was well tolerated and comparable to RLD. TC-002 retains the safety and PK characteristics of RLD without the added concern of long-term exposure of the eye to preservatives.
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Chauchat L, Guerin C, Kaluzhny Y, Renard JP. Comparison of In Vitro Corneal Permeation and In Vivo Ocular Bioavailability in Rabbits of Three Marketed Latanoprost Formulations. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2023; 48:633-645. [PMID: 37682463 PMCID: PMC10624750 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-023-00853-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE All latanoprost formulations currently available for the treatment of glaucoma or ocular hypertension contain the same concentration of latanoprost (0.005%) but differ in excipients, which may affect corneal drug permeability or stability. This study aimed at comparing corneal penetration of three marketed latanoprost solutions with different excipient formulations in in vitro and in vivo drug permeability studies. METHODS Three latanoprost formulations were tested under good laboratory practice conditions: a formulation containing benzalkonium chloride (BAK) but no surfactant (Preserved latanoprost); the same formulation except preservative-free (PF) without BAK or surfactant (SF) (PF SF latanoprost); and a different formulation without BAK but containing a non-ionic surfactant (MGHS 40 at 5%) combined with thickening agents (Carbomer 974P, Macrogol 4000) (PF latanoprost). Corneal permeation of latanoprost acid (LAT) was first determined in vitro using a reconstructed human corneal epithelium tissue. Then, in vivo pharmacokinetic studies were performed on pigmented rabbits, for which LAT concentration was measured in the aqueous humour (AH) and iris-ciliary body (ICB). RESULTS In vitro, the cumulative transport of LAT was linear between 1 h and 4 h for preserved latanoprost and PF SF latanoprost, and LAT concentrations matched exactly at each timepoint. By contrast, the permeation of PF latanoprost was linear between 2 h and 12 h and was significantly lower than that of preserved latanoprost and PF SF latanoprost at 4 and 8 h (p < 0.001). In rabbits, the concentrations of LAT in AH and ICB were not statistically different between preserved latanoprost and PF SF latanoprost at each timepoint, except at 1 h in ICB (p = 0.005). By comparison, the LAT concentration of PF latanoprost was statistically (p < 0.05) lower than that of preserved latanoprost and PF SF latanoprost in AH and ICB from 0.5 to 3 h. CONCLUSION BAK did not influence the corneal penetration of latanoprost in in vitro and in vivo studies. The formulation containing a non-ionic surfactant resulted in lower and slower ocular penetration compared with preserved or PF SF formulations. This raises questions about the relevance of BAK and some surfactants in enhancing corneal penetration of ocular formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Chauchat
- Horus Pharma, 22 allée Camille MUFFAT, Inedi 5, 06200, Nice, France.
| | - Camille Guerin
- Horus Pharma, 22 allée Camille MUFFAT, Inedi 5, 06200, Nice, France
| | | | - Jean-Paul Renard
- Department of Ophthalmology, Val de Grace Military Hospital, Paris, France
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Jin L, Li X, Chen X, Chen X, Liu Y, Xu H, Wang Q, Tang Z. A study on puerarin in situ gel eye drops: Formulation optimization and pharmacokinetics on rabbits by microdialysis. Int J Pharm 2023:123176. [PMID: 37364779 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Puerarin (PUE), an isoflavonoid isolated from Pueraria lobata (Willd) Ohwi root, is a β-adrenergic receptor inhibitor used in treating glaucoma. The concentration range of gellan gum was determined based on the formulation viscosity and gelling capacity. PVP-K30 and gellan gum were used as variables, with the viscosity of formulation: STF = 40: 21, the 4 h permeation rate of rabbit isolated sclera, and 2 h in vitro release rate as response values. The JMP software was used to optimize the results, presenting that gellan gum was the main factor influencing viscosity. The in vitro release and permeation rate were primarily influenced by PVP-K30. The optimal prescription was 0.45% gellan gum and 6.0% PVP-K30. The in vitro release and permeation characteristics of puerarin in situ gel (PUE-ISG) were investigated using PUE solution as a control. The dialysis bag method results indicated that the release of the solution group leveled off after 4 h, while the PUE-ISG group had been continuously releasing. However, the cumulative release rates of the two were no longer significantly different at 10 h. The cumulative permeation rates of the ISG and solution groups were not significantly different (P > 0.05) in the rabbit isolated sclera. The apparent permeability Papp and steady-state flux Jss of PUE-ISG were 0.950 ± 0.059 cm·h-1 and 9.504 ± 0.587 mg·cm-2·h-1, respectively. A sensitive and stable HPLC-MS/MS analytical method for quantifying aqueous humor concentrations of PUE was validated. A microdialysis technique was successfully used in the aqueous humor pharmacokinetics study to sample aqueous humor from rabbit eye continuously. The results revealed that PUE-ISG significantly increased the drug concentration in the aqueous humor, with Cmax and AUC(0-t) 3.77 and 4.40 times higher than those of the solution group, respectively. Tmax was also significantly prolonged, indicating good prospects for clinical application. The developed PUE-ISG preparation has the characteristics of rapid drug release and sustained permeation, and increase the drug concentration in aqueous humor, with all inactive ingredients remaining within the maximum allowable limits recommended by the FDA guideline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiumin Li
- Dezhou Food and Drug Inspection Center, Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Xu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinghao Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ye Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haonan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, PR China.
| | - Zhan Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, PR China.
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Mostafa M, Al Fatease A, Alany RG, Abdelkader H. Recent Advances of Ocular Drug Delivery Systems: Prominence of Ocular Implants for Chronic Eye Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1746. [PMID: 37376194 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic ocular diseases can seriously impact the eyes and could potentially result in blindness or serious vision loss. According to the most recent data from the WHO, there are more than 2 billion visually impaired people in the world. Therefore, it is pivotal to develop more sophisticated, long-acting drug delivery systems/devices to treat chronic eye conditions. This review covers several drug delivery nanocarriers that can control chronic eye disorders non-invasively. However, most of the developed nanocarriers are still in preclinical or clinical stages. Long-acting drug delivery systems, such as inserts and implants, constitute the majority of the clinically used methods for the treatment of chronic eye diseases due to their steady state release, persistent therapeutic activity, and ability to bypass most ocular barriers. However, implants are considered invasive drug delivery technologies, especially those that are nonbiodegradable. Furthermore, in vitro characterization approaches, although useful, are limited in mimicking or truly representing the in vivo environment. This review focuses on long-acting drug delivery systems (LADDS), particularly implantable drug delivery systems (IDDS), their formulation, methods of characterization, and clinical application for the treatment of eye diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Mostafa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minya 61519, Egypt
| | - Adel Al Fatease
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62223, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raid G Alany
- School of Pharmacy, Kingston University London, Kingston Upon Tames KT1 2EE, UK
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Hamdy Abdelkader
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62223, Saudi Arabia
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Dang H, Dong C, Zhang L. Sustained latanoprost release from PEGylated solid lipid nanoparticle-laden soft contact lens to treat glaucoma. Pharm Dev Technol 2021; 27:127-133. [PMID: 34704874 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2021.1999471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Contact lens have been proposed as a mean of ocular drug delivery, but the conventional soaking method to load hydrophobic drugs, such as latanoprost shows low drug loading and high burst release with alteration in the critical lens properties. In this paper, a novel latanoprost-loaded PEGylated solid lipid nanoparticles (LP-pSLNs) were developed to increase the latanoprost loading capacity of contact lenses (LP-pSLN-L), while also sustaining ocular drug delivery. The pSLNs were spherical in shape with an average size of 105‒132 nm (nanometer) and a zeta potential ranging from ‒29.1 to ‒26.7 mV (millivolt). The LP-pSLNs led to improved swelling, transmittance, and protein adherence of the lens compared to the non-pegylated SLNs congeners (LP-SLN-L) and conventional soaked lens (LP-SM-L). The LP-SM-L lens showed low drug loading, high burst release, and a short release duration of 24 h. The LP-SLN-L and LP-pSLN-L lenses showed high drug uptake and sustained drug release up to 120 h and 96 h, respectively. The pegylation reduced the size of nanoparticles and improved the drug loading capacity, while the release rate was high in the initial hours. The LP-pSLN-L lens was found to be safe based in histopathological studies. In animal studies, the LP-pSLN-10-L batch showed high drug concentration at all-time points up to 96 h compared to the LP-SM-L and eye drop solution. In conclusion, pSLNs improved the latanoprost loading in the contact lens and showed sustained drug release, and thus can be used as a substitute to eye drop therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Dang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinan Second People's Hospital, No. 148 Jingyi Road, Jinan 250001, PR China
| | - Chunyun Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao 276800, PR China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinan Second People's Hospital, No. 148 Jingyi Road, Jinan 250001, PR China
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