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Trauzeddel RF, Lehmann H, Windschall D, Ganser G, Berendes R, Haller M, Krumrey-Langkammerer M, Palm-Beden K, Nimtz-Talaska A, Nirschl C, Schoof P, Trauzeddel R. Age-dependent arthrosonographic reference values of the hip joint in healthy children and adolescents - a cross-sectional multicenter ultrasound study. Pediatr Radiol 2017; 47:1329-1336. [PMID: 28547137 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-017-3862-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Musculoskeletal US is a noninvasive imaging method for diagnosing and monitoring inflammatory rheumatic diseases. OBJECTIVES To develop age- and gender-related arthrosonographic reference intervals for the hip joint of healthy children and adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a cross-sectional US study, we examined both hip joints of 445 children and adolescents with an age range of 1 year to 18 years. We measured the distance between the bone surface and the outer margin of the joint capsule to define the bone-capsule distance, the joint capsule and cartilage thickness, and the capsule layer thickness. Reference values were calculated. The shape of the joint capsule and bone-capsule junction zone were analyzed qualitatively. An intraobserver analysis was performed. RESULTS Bone-capsule distance, capsule thickness and the anterior capsule layer increase with age. In contrast, joint cartilage decreases. The posterior capsule layer exhibited constant thickness across all age groups. The difference between both body sides and gender was collectively less than 0.5 mm. The intraobserver variations were within the calculated reference intervals. The insertion of the capsule to the bone was mostly a peaked one. The capsule shape had a convex or straight configuration in a neutral position and a concave position during outward rotation. The intraobserver analysis revealed good to very good concordance. CONCLUSION We propose age- and gender-related reference intervals for the bone-capsule distance, joint capsule and cartilage thickness of the hip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Felix Trauzeddel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Charite Mitte and Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Hartwig Lehmann
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medicine Gießen, Feulgenstraße 10-12, 35392, Gießen, Germany
| | - Daniel Windschall
- Department of Pediatrics, Asklepios Hospital Weissenfels, Naumburger Straße 76, 06667, Weissenfels, Germany
| | - Gerd Ganser
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Rheumatology, North-Western German Centre for Rheumatology, St. Josef-Stift Sendenhorst, Westtor 7, 48324, Sendenhorst, Germany
| | - Rainer Berendes
- St. Marien Children's Hospital, Grillparzerstraße 9, 84036, Landshut, Germany
| | - Maria Haller
- Pediatrics and Adolescents Practice, Alte Bundestraße 37, 79194, Gundelfingen, Germany
| | - Manuela Krumrey-Langkammerer
- German Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Rheumatology, Gehfeldstraße 24, 82467, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
| | - Katharina Palm-Beden
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Rheumatology, North-Western German Centre for Rheumatology, St. Josef-Stift Sendenhorst, Westtor 7, 48324, Sendenhorst, Germany
| | | | - Christine Nirschl
- Department of Pediatrics, Asklepios Hospital Weissenfels, Naumburger Straße 76, 06667, Weissenfels, Germany
| | - Phillip Schoof
- Pediatric Practice Dr. Simon & Philipp Schoof, Cosimastraße 133, 81925, Munich, Germany
| | - Ralf Trauzeddel
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Helios Hospital Berlin - Buch, Schwanebecker Chaussee 50, 13125, Berlin, Germany
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Żuber Z, Owczarek A, Sobczyk M, Migas-Majoch A, Turowska-Heydel D, Sternal A, Michalczak J, Chudek J. Establishing percentile charts for hip joint capsule and synovial cavity thickness in apparently healthy children. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2017; 15:8. [PMID: 28143500 PMCID: PMC5286797 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-017-0136-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The usefulness of musculoskeletal ultrasonography (MSUS) in paediatric population is limited by lack of reference values. One of such parameters is hip joint capsule thickness, postulated as an early measure for synovitis. However, the joint capsule is hardly a distinguished structure from slit synovial cavity in patients with little or no fluid collection. Therefore, in patients without effusion, it is more convenient to measure hip joint capsule thickness together with synovial cavity. The aim of the study was to establish percentile chart for hip joint capsule and synovial cavity thickness (HJC&SCT) in apparently healthy children. MATERIAL AND METHODS The analysis included 816 US of hip joint in 408 children without musculoskeletal disorders, distributed equally throughout the whole developmental period in 18 one-year subgroups. Hip joints US was performed according to standard protocol including measurement of HJC&SCT in a single rheumatology centre by three investigators. RESULTS The 3rd, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 97th HJC&SCT percentile curves were depicted in the age and height charts for the combined group of girls and boys. The median HJC&SCT values were increasing with age from 3.7 (C10 - C90: 3.3 - 4.2) mm in the first year of life up to 6.7 (5.8 - 7.3) in 16 years old, and above. In a similar way the increase was seen with height from 3.9 (3.5 - 4.7) mm in shorter than 95 cm to 6.9 (6.2 - 7.4) mm in taller than 169 cm subjects. Intra-observer and inter-observer mean precision was less than 1.8 and 12.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION The developed centile chart for hip joint capsule and synovial cavity thickness in the paediatric population is expected to improve detection of hip joint capsule disorders, including synovitis in juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zbigniew Żuber
- Department of Older Children with subunits of Neurology and Rheumatology, St. Louis Regional Specialised Children's Hospital, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Aleksander Owczarek
- 0000 0001 2198 0923grid.411728.9Department of Statistics, School of Pharmacy in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Sobczyk
- Department of Older Children with subunits of Neurology and Rheumatology, St. Louis Regional Specialised Children’s Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agata Migas-Majoch
- Department of Older Children with subunits of Neurology and Rheumatology, St. Louis Regional Specialised Children’s Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Dorota Turowska-Heydel
- Department of Older Children with subunits of Neurology and Rheumatology, St. Louis Regional Specialised Children’s Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Sternal
- Department of Older Children with subunits of Neurology and Rheumatology, St. Louis Regional Specialised Children’s Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Justyna Michalczak
- Department of Older Children with subunits of Neurology and Rheumatology, St. Louis Regional Specialised Children’s Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jerzy Chudek
- 0000 0001 2198 0923grid.411728.9Department of Pathophysiology, Medical Faculty in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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Collado P, Vojinovic J, Nieto JC, Windschall D, Magni-Manzoni S, Bruyn GAW, Iagnocco A, D'agostino MA, Naredo E. Toward Standardized Musculoskeletal Ultrasound in Pediatric Rheumatology: Normal Age-Related Ultrasound Findings. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2016. [PMID: 26216627 DOI: 10.1002/acr.22670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Outcome Measures in Rheumatology Ultrasound Task Force has recently started to work on the validation and standardization of musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) examination in children in order to improve its applicability to joint examination. METHODS This was a prospective multicenter study performed by 4 experts in pediatric MSUS, who independently collected representative images using predefined scanning procedures of 4 joints (knee, ankle, wrist, and second metacarpophalangeal joint) in different predefined age groups. Researchers were allowed to use their own settings (B-mode and Doppler) in order to get the best quality image and highest sensitivity for low blood flow. Images were evaluated for quality parameters and an atlas was created with the best images. An equipment comparative study was performed by a single examiner using 2 different types of machines. RESULTS Sixty-four healthy children were scanned. The quality of evaluated images, obtained by predefined scanning positions, was highly comparable among the examiners. The B-mode images clearly showed age-related variations of joint findings, while Doppler images showed the presence of blood flow, particularly within the epiphyseal cartilage of the children at a younger age. There was a high to good level of consistency between images obtained from the 2 different ultrasound machines. CONCLUSION The study shows a systematic method for ultrasound examination of children at different age groups. Additionally, a baseline collection of images was developed, showing blood vessels in the joints examined. The present study could provide a framework for ongoing MSUS studies as well as for clinical practice in pediatric rheumatology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - George A W Bruyn
- Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, Friesland, The Netherlands
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