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Snow F, O'Connell C, Yang P, Kita M, Pirogova E, Williams RJ, Kapsa RMI, Quigley A. Engineering interfacial tissues: The myotendinous junction. APL Bioeng 2024; 8:021505. [PMID: 38841690 PMCID: PMC11151436 DOI: 10.1063/5.0189221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The myotendinous junction (MTJ) is the interface connecting skeletal muscle and tendon tissues. This specialized region represents the bridge that facilitates the transmission of contractile forces from muscle to tendon, and ultimately the skeletal system for the creation of movement. MTJs are, therefore, subject to high stress concentrations, rendering them susceptible to severe, life-altering injuries. Despite the scarcity of knowledge obtained from MTJ formation during embryogenesis, several attempts have been made to engineer this complex interfacial tissue. These attempts, however, fail to achieve the level of maturity and mechanical complexity required for in vivo transplantation. This review summarizes the strategies taken to engineer the MTJ, with an emphasis on how transitioning from static to mechanically inducive dynamic cultures may assist in achieving myotendinous maturity.
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Son YH, Yang DH, Uricoli B, Park SJ, Jeong GJ, Chun HJ. Three-Dimensional Cell Culture System for Tendon Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2023; 20:553-562. [PMID: 37278865 PMCID: PMC10313620 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-023-00550-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tendon, connective tissue between bone and muscle has unique component of the musculoskeletal system. It plays important role for transporting mechanical stress from muscle to bone and enabling locomotive motion of the body. There are some restoration capacities in the tendon tissue, but the injured tendons are not completely regenerated after acute and chronic tendon injury. At this point, the treatment options for tendon injuries are limited and not that successful. Therefore, biomedical engineering approaches are emerged to cope with this issue. Among them, three-dimensional cell culture platforms provided similarity to in vivo conditions and suggested opportunities for new therapeutic approaches for treatment of tendon injuries. In this review, we focus on the characteristics of tendon tissue and tendon pathologies which can be targets for tendon tissue engineering strategies. Then proof-of-concept and pre-clinical studies leveraging advanced 3-dimensional cell culture platforms for tendon tissue regeneration have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hoon Son
- Biohybrid Systems Group, Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Dae Hyeok Yang
- Institute of Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, the Republic of Korea
| | - Biaggio Uricoli
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Sung-Jin Park
- Biohybrid Systems Group, Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Gun-Jae Jeong
- Institute of Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Heung Jae Chun
- Institute of Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, the Republic of Korea.
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3
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Isaeva E, Kisel A, Beketov E, Demyashkin G, Yakovleva N, Lagoda T, Arguchinskaya N, Baranovsky D, Ivanov S, Shegay P, Kaprin A. Effect of Collagen and GelMA on Preservation of the Costal Chondrocytes' Phenotype in a Scaffold in vivo. Sovrem Tekhnologii Med 2023; 15:5-16. [PMID: 37389022 PMCID: PMC10306965 DOI: 10.17691/stm2023.15.2.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare type I collagen-based and methacryloyl gelatin-based (GelMA) hydrogels by their ability to form hyaline cartilage in animals after subcutaneous implantation of scaffolds. Materials and Methods Chondrocytes were isolated from the costal cartilage of newborn rats using 0.15% collagenase solution in DMEM. The cells was characterized by glycosaminoglycan staining with alcian blue. Chondrocyte scaffolds were obtained from 4% type I porcine atelocollagen and 10% GelMA by micromolding and then implanted subcutaneously into the withers of two groups of Wistar rats. Histological and immunohistochemical studies were performed on days 12 and 26 after implantation. Tissue samples were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, alcian blue; type I and type II collagens were identified by the corresponding antibodies. Results The implanted scaffolds induced a moderate inflammatory response in both groups when implanted in animals. By day 26 after implantation, both collagen and GelMA had almost completely resorbed. Cartilage tissue formation was observed in both animal groups. The newly formed tissue was stained intensively with alcian blue, and the cells were positive for both types of collagen. Cartilage tissue was formed among muscle fibers. Conclusion The ability of collagen type I and GelMA hydrogels to form hyaline cartilage in animals after subcutaneous implantation of scaffolds was studied. Both collagen and GelMA contributed to formation of hyaline-like cartilage tissue type in animals, but the chondrocyte phenotype is characterized as mixed. Additional detailed studies of possible mechanisms of chondrogenesis under the influence of each of the hydrogels are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E.V. Isaeva
- Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Tissue Engineering; A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre — Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 10 Zhukova St., Obninsk, 249036, Russia
| | - A.A. Kisel
- Researcher, Laboratory of Tissue Engineering; A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre — Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 10 Zhukova St., Obninsk, 249036, Russia
| | - E.E. Beketov
- Researcher, Laboratory of Medical and Environmental Dosimetry and Radiation Safety; A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre — Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 10 Zhukova St., Obninsk, 249036, Russia; Associate Professor, Engineering Physics Institute of Biomedicine; Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering — Branch of the National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, 1 Studgorodok, Obninsk, 249034, Russia
| | - G.A. Demyashkin
- Head of the Department of Pathomorphology; A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre — Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 10 Zhukova St., Obninsk, 249036, Russia; Head of Department of Histology and Immunohistochemistry, Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8/2 Malaya Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - N.D. Yakovleva
- Lecturer; Medical Technical School, 75 A Lenina St., Obninsk, 249037, Russia
| | - T.S. Lagoda
- Research Laboratory Assistant, Laboratory of Tissue Engineering; A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre — Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 10 Zhukova St., Obninsk, 249036, Russia
| | - N.V. Arguchinskaya
- Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Tissue Engineering; A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre — Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 10 Zhukova St., Obninsk, 249036, Russia
| | - D.S. Baranovsky
- Head of Laboratory of Tissue Engineering; A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre — Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 10 Zhukova St., Obninsk, 249036, Russia; Researcher, Research and Educational Resource Center for Cellular Technologies; Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow, 117198, Russia
| | - S.A. Ivanov
- Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director; A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre — Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 10 Zhukova St., Obninsk, 249036, Russia; Professor, Department of Oncology and X-ray Radiology named after V.P. Kharchenko, Medical Institute; Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow, 117198, Russia
| | - P.V. Shegay
- Head of the Center for Innovative Radiological and Regenerative Technologies; National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 4 Koroleva St., Obninsk, 249036, Russia
| | - A.D. Kaprin
- Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, General Director; National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 4 Koroleva St., Obninsk, 249036, Russia Head of the Department of Urology and Operative Nephrology with a Course of Oncourology, Medical Institute; Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow, 117198, Russia
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4
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Lipp SN, Jacobson KR, Colling HA, Tuttle TG, Miles DT, McCreery KP, Calve S. Mechanical loading is required for initiation of extracellular matrix deposition at the developing murine myotendinous junction. Matrix Biol 2023; 116:28-48. [PMID: 36709857 PMCID: PMC10218368 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The myotendinous junction (MTJ) contributes to the generation of motion by connecting muscle to tendon. At the adult MTJ, a specialized extracellular matrix (ECM) is thought to contribute to the mechanical integrity of the muscle-tendon interface, but the factors that influence MTJ formation during mammalian development are unclear. Here, we combined 3D imaging and proteomics with murine models in which muscle contractility and patterning are disrupted to resolve morphological and compositional changes in the ECM during MTJ development. We found that MTJ-specific ECM deposition can be initiated via static loading due to growth; however, it required cyclic loading to develop a mature morphology. Furthermore, the MTJ can mature without the tendon terminating into cartilage. Based on these results, we describe a model wherein MTJ development depends on mechanical loading but not insertion into an enthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah N Lipp
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 South Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States; The Indiana University Medical Scientist/Engineer Training Program, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Kathryn R Jacobson
- Purdue University Interdisciplinary Life Science Program, 155 S. Grant Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Haley A Colling
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, 354 UCB, Boulder CO, 80309, United States
| | - Tyler G Tuttle
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 1111 Engineering Dr, Boulder, CO 80309, United States
| | - Dalton T Miles
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 596 UCB, CO 80309, United States
| | - Kaitlin P McCreery
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 1111 Engineering Dr, Boulder, CO 80309, United States
| | - Sarah Calve
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 South Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States; Purdue University Interdisciplinary Life Science Program, 155 S. Grant Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States; Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 1111 Engineering Dr, Boulder, CO 80309, United States.
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5
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Bao YC, Yu Y, Chen P, Teng YS. Application of Biomaterials in Prevention and Treatment of Calf Tendon Injury in Football Games. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.3076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Football sports can easily lead to a calf strain and tendon damage. To this end, we explored the therapeutic effect of sodium hyaluronate biomaterial-assisted micro-suturing in treating calf tendon injury after football sports. Given this, we will group the patients to compare the test
and conduct the efficacy analysis. One group was sutured by ordinary microsurgery. The other was sutured and combined with sodium hyaluronate treatment. The study found that there were statistical differences in tendon recovery between the two groups of patients. Sodium hyaluronate biomaterial
can improve the treatment effect of calf tendon injury in football sports. This biological material is worthy of clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-chen Bao
- Liaoning Normal University School of Physical Education, Dalian, Liaoning, 116029, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Liaoning Normal University School of Physical Education, Dalian, Liaoning, 116029, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Liaoning Normal University School of Physical Education, Dalian, Liaoning, 116029, China
| | - Yu-song Teng
- Liaoning Normal University School of Physical Education, Dalian, Liaoning, 116029, China
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6
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Liu F, Wang M, Ma Y. Multiscale modeling of skeletal muscle to explore its passive mechanical properties and experiments verification. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2022; 19:1251-1279. [PMID: 35135203 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2022058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The research of the mechanical properties of skeletal muscle has never stopped, whether in experimental tests or simulations of passive mechanical properties. To investigate the effect of biomechanical properties of micro-components and geometric structure of muscle fibers on macroscopic mechanical behavior, in this manuscript, we establish a multiscale model where constitutive models are proposed for fibers and the extracellular matrix, respectively. Besides, based on the assumption that the fiber cross-section can be expressed by Voronoi polygons, we optimize the Voronoi polygons as curved-edge Voronoi polygons to compare the effects of the two cross-sections on macroscopic mechanical properties. Finally, the macroscopic stress response is obtained through the numerical homogenization method. To verify the effectiveness of the multi-scale model, we measure the mechanical response of skeletal muscles in the in-plane shear, longitudinal shear, and tensions, including along the fiber direction and perpendicular to the fiber direction. Compared with experimental data, the simulation results show that this multiscale framework predicts both the tension response and the shear response of skeletal muscle accurately. The root mean squared error (RMSE) is 0.0035 MPa in the tension along the fiber direction; The RMSE is 0.011254 MPa in the tension perpendicular to the fiber direction; The RMSE is 0.000602 MPa in the in-plane shear; The RMSE was 0.00085 MPa in the longitudinal shear. Finally, we obtained the influence of the component constitutive model and muscle fiber cross-section on the macroscopic mechanical behavior of skeletal muscle. In terms of the tension perpendicular to the fiber direction, the curved-edge Voronoi polygons achieve the result closer to the experimental data than the Voronoi polygons. Skeletal muscle mechanics experiments verify the effectiveness of our multiscale model. The comparison results of experiments and simulations prove that our model can accurately capture the tension and shear behavior of skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjie Liu
- School of mechanical power engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Xue Fu Road No. 52, Nangang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Monan Wang
- School of mechanical power engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Xue Fu Road No. 52, Nangang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yuzheng Ma
- School of mechanical power engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Xue Fu Road No. 52, Nangang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, China
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7
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Zhang S, Ju W, Chen X, Zhao Y, Feng L, Yin Z, Chen X. Hierarchical ultrastructure: An overview of what is known about tendons and future perspective for tendon engineering. Bioact Mater 2021; 8:124-139. [PMID: 34541391 PMCID: PMC8424392 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal tendons are rarely ever repaired to the natural structure and morphology of normal tendons. To better guide the repair and regeneration of injured tendons through a tissue engineering method, it is necessary to have insights into the internal morphology, organization, and composition of natural tendons. This review summarized recent researches on the structure and function of the extracellular matrix (ECM) components of tendons and highlight the application of multiple detection methodologies concerning the structure of ECMs. In addition, we look forward to the future of multi-dimensional biomaterial design methods and the potential of structural repair for tendon ECM components. In addition, focus is placed on the macro to micro detection methods for tendons, and current techniques for evaluating the extracellular matrix of tendons at the micro level are introduced in detail. Finally, emphasis is given to future extracellular matrix detection methods, as well as to how future efforts could concentrate on fabricating the biomimetic tendons. Summarize recent research on the structure and function of the extracellular matrix (ECM) components of tendons. Comments on current research methods concerning the structure of ECMs. Perspective on the future of multi-dimensional detection techniques and structural repair of tendon ECM components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichen Zhang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052, China.,Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wei Ju
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi-ASEAN Collaborative Innovation Center for Major Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052, China.,Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lingchong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zi Yin
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Department of Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052, China.,Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi-ASEAN Collaborative Innovation Center for Major Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, 530021, China.,Department of Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, 310058, China
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8
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Gaffney L, Davis Z, Mora-Navarro C, Fisher MB, Freytes DO. Extracellular Matrix Hydrogels Promote Expression of Muscle-Tendon Junction Proteins. Tissue Eng Part A 2021; 28:270-282. [PMID: 34375125 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2021.0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle and tendon injuries are prevalent and range from minor sprains and strains to traumatic, debilitating injuries. However, the interactions between these tissues during injury and recovery remain unclear. Three-dimensional tissue models that incorporate both tissues and a physiologically relevant junction between muscle and tendon may help understand how the two tissues interact. Here, we use tissue specific extracellular matrix (ECM) derived from muscle and tendon to determine how cells of each tissue interact with the microenvironment of the opposite tissue resulting in junction specific features. ECM materials were derived from the Achilles tendon and gastrocnemius muscle, decellularized, and processed to form tissue specific pre-hydrogel digests. ECM materials were unique in respect to protein composition and included many types of ECM proteins, not just collagens. After digestion and gelation, ECM hydrogels had similar complex viscosities which were less than type I collagen hydrogels at the same concentration. C2C12 myoblasts and tendon fibroblasts were cultured in tissue-specific ECM conditioned media or encapsulated in tissue-specific ECM hydrogels to determine cell-matrix interactions and the effects on a muscle-tendon junction marker, paxillin. ECM conditioned media had only a minor effect on upregulation of paxillin in cells cultured in monolayer. However, cells cultured within ECM hydrogels had 50-70% higher paxillin expression than cells cultured in type I collagen hydrogels. Contraction of the ECM hydrogels varied by the type of ECM used. Subsequent experiments with varying density of type I collagen (and thus contraction) showed no correlation between paxillin expression and the amount of gel contraction, suggesting that a constituent of the ECM was the driver of paxillin expression in the ECM hydrogels. In addition, the extracellular matrix protein type XXII collagen had similar expression patterns as paxillin, with smaller effect sizes. Using tissue specific ECM allowed for the de-construction of the cell-matrix interactions similar to muscle-tendon junctions to study the expression of MTJ specific proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis Gaffney
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill & North Carolina State University, Biomedical Engineering, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States;
| | - Zachary Davis
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill & North Carolina State University, Biomedical Engineering, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States;
| | - Camilo Mora-Navarro
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill & North Carolina State University, Biomedical Engineering, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States.,North Carolina State University, 6798, Comparative Medicine Institute, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States;
| | - Matthew B Fisher
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill & North Carolina State University, Biomedical Engineering, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States.,University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, 6797, Department of Orthopaedics, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States;
| | - Donald O Freytes
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill & North Carolina State University, Biomedical Engineering, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States;
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9
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Jakobsen JR, Schjerling P, Svensson RB, Buhl R, Carstensen H, Koch M, Krogsgaard MR, Kjær M, Mackey AL. RNA sequencing and immunofluorescence of the myotendinous junction of mature horses and humans. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 321:C453-C470. [PMID: 34260300 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00218.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The myotendinous junction (MTJ) is a specialized interface for transmitting high forces between the muscle and tendon and yet the MTJ is a common site of strain injury with a high recurrence rate. The aim of this study was to identify previously unknown MTJ components in mature animals and humans. Samples were obtained from the superficial digital flexor (SDF) muscle-tendon interface of 20 horses, and the tissue was separated through a sequential cryosectioning approach into muscle, MTJ (muscle tissue enriched in myofiber tips attached to the tendon), and tendon fractions. RT-PCR was performed for genes known to be expressed in the three tissue fractions and t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) plots were used to select the muscle, MTJ, and tendon samples from five horses for RNA sequencing. The expression of previously known and unknown genes identified through RNA sequencing was studied by immunofluorescence on human hamstring MTJ tissue. The main finding was that RNA sequencing identified the expression of a panel of 61 genes enriched at the MTJ. Of these, 48 genes were novel for the MTJ and 13 genes had been reported to be associated with the MTJ in earlier studies. The expression of known [COL22A1 (collagen XXII), NCAM (neural cell adhesion molecule), POSTN (periostin), NES (nestin), OSTN (musclin/osteocrin)] and previously undescribed [MNS1 (meiosis-specific nuclear structural protein 1), and LCT (lactase)] MTJ genes was confirmed at the protein level by immunofluorescence on tissue sections of human MTJ. In conclusion, in muscle-tendon interface tissue enriched with myofiber tips, we identified the expression of previously unknown MTJ genes representing diverse biological processes, which may be important in the maintenance of the specialized MTJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens R Jakobsen
- Section for Sports Traumatology M51, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Schjerling
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rene B Svensson
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Buhl
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Helena Carstensen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Manuel Koch
- Institute for Dental Research and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology, Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael R Krogsgaard
- Section for Sports Traumatology M51, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Kjær
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Abigail L Mackey
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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10
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Greising SM, Wang VM. Cross-talk with skeletal muscle and its nexus with regenerative rehabilitation. Connect Tissue Res 2021; 62:1-3. [PMID: 33269630 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2020.1834909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Greising
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Vincent M Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, VA, USA
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