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Lei K, Wang Y, Peng X, Yu L, Ding J. Long‐term delivery of etanercept mediated via a thermosensitive hydrogel for efficient inhibition of wear debris‐induced inflammatory osteolysis. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kewen Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Xiaochun Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Sixth Affiliated People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Lin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Jiandong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology Fudan University Shanghai China
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Li H, Hu Y, Zeng M, Yang J, Fan X, Wang Y, Xie J. Exosomes From Human Urine-Derived Stem Cells Encapsulated Into PLGA Nanoparticles for Therapy in Mice With Particulate Polyethylene-Induced Osteolysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:781449. [PMID: 34938750 PMCID: PMC8685253 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.781449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Periprosthetic osteolysis is the primary reason for arthroplasty failure after total joint replacement because of the generation of wear particles and subsequent bone erosion around the prosthesis, which leads to aseptic loosening. Periprosthetic osteolysis is often treated with revision surgery because of the lack of effective therapeutic agents. As key messengers of intercellular interactions, exosomes can be independently used as therapeutic agents to promote tissue repair and regeneration. In this study, we fabricated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) that carry exosomes derived from human urine stem cells (USC-Exos) and explored their effects on polyethylene-induced osteolysis. Methods: USCs were identified by multipotent differentiation and flow cytometry analyses. USC-Exos were isolated and identified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and western blotting. PLGA microspheres containing USC-Exos were fabricated to synthesize NPs using the mechanical double-emulsion method. The obtained NPs were characterized in terms of stability, toxicity, exosome release, and cell uptake. Then, these NPs were implanted into the murine air pouch model, and their effects on polyethylene-induced osteolysis were evaluated by microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) and histological analyses. Results: The average NP diameter was ~282 ± 0.4 nm, and the zeta potential was -2.02 ± 0.03 mV. After long-term storage at room temperature and 4°C, the NP solution was stable without significant coaggregation. In vitro release profiles indicated sustained release of exosomes for 12 days. In vivo, injection of NPs into the murine air pouch caused less osteolysis than that of USC-Exos, and NPs significantly reduced bone absorption, as indicated by histology and micro-CT scanning. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that USC-Exo-based PLGA NPs can prevent particulate polyethylene-induced osteolysis and bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yihe Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Min Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Junxiao Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaolei Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yinan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Wang L, Gao Z, Zhang J, Huo Y, Xu Q, Qiu Y. Netrin-1 regulates ERK1/2 signaling pathway and autophagy activation in wear particle-induced osteoclastogenesis. Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:612-622. [PMID: 33386763 PMCID: PMC8048890 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Artificial joint replacement surgery is often accompanied by osteolysis induced aseptic loosening around the prosthesis. Wear particles from joint replacement are thought to be one of the main factors leading to local inflammation and osteolysis at the prosthesis site. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism of osteoclast formation and dissolution induced by wear particles and the potential roles of Netrin‐1, the ERK1/2 pathway and autophagy activation in this process. Methods The messenger RNA levels in cells and tissues were detected with real‐time quantitative PCR. The western blotting was used to detect the expression of proteins. A CCK‐8 kit was used to detect the viability of RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, an air pouch model of bone resorption was established. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of TRAP and Netrin‐1 in rat bone tissue. Cell culture supernatants were collected in the rat air pouch model of bone resorption, and the levels of RANKL and OPG were detected with enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The protein levels of TRAP and Netrin‐1 in bone tissue were examined by immunohistochemistry. Results Titanium wear particles induced osteoclast formation and autophagy activation. Moreover, blocking autophagy suppressed the osteoclastogenesis after exposure to wear particles in vitro. The activation of the ERK1/2 pathway and the overexpression of Netrin‐1 were both found to play important roles in osteoclastogenesis mediated by autophagy. Moreover, 3‐MA effectively decreased the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines mediated by wear particles. Conclusion Blockade of autophagy inhibits the osteoclastogenesis and inflammation induced by wear particles, thus potentially providing novel treatment strategies for abnormal osteoclastogenesis and aseptic prosthesis loosening induced by wear particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhibiao Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yulong Huo
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yusheng Qiu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Moran MM, Wilson BM, Ross RD, Virdi AS, Sumner DR. Arthrotomy-based preclinical models of particle-induced osteolysis: A systematic review. J Orthop Res 2017; 35:2595-2605. [PMID: 28548682 PMCID: PMC5702596 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We completed a systematic literature review of in vivo animal models that use arthrotomy-based methods to study particle-induced peri-implant osteolysis. The purpose of the review was to characterize the models developed to date, to determine the questions addressed, to assess scientific rigor and transparency, and to identify gaps in knowledge. We probed three literature databases (Medline, Embase, and Scopus) and found 77 manuscripts that fit the search parameters. In the most recent 10 years, researchers mainly used rat and mouse models, whereas in the previous 20 years, large animal, canine, and rabbit models were more common. The studies have demonstrated several pathophysiology pathways, including macrophage migration, particle phagocytosis, increased local production of cytokines and lysosomal enzymes, elevated bone resorption, and suppressed bone formation. The effect of variation in particle characteristics and concentration received limited attention with somewhat mixed findings. Particle contamination by endotoxin was shown to exacerbate peri-implant osteolysis. The possibility of early diagnosis was demonstrated through imaging and biomarker approaches. Several studies showed that both local and systemic delivery of bisphosphonates inhibits the development of particle-induced osteolysis. Other methods of inhibiting osteolysis include the use of anabolic agents and altering the implant design. Few studies examined non-surgical rescue of loosened implants, with conflicting results with alendronate. We found that the manuscripts often lacked the methodological detail now advocated by the ARRIVE guidelines, suggesting that improvement in reporting would be useful to maximize rigor and transparency. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:2595-2605, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan M. Moran
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center
| | | | - Ryan D. Ross
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center
| | - Amarjit S. Virdi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center
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Veronesi F, Tschon M, Fini M. Gene Expression in Osteolysis: Review on the Identification of Altered Molecular Pathways in Preclinical and Clinical Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E499. [PMID: 28245614 PMCID: PMC5372515 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aseptic loosening (AL) due to osteolysis is the primary cause of joint prosthesis failure. Currently, a second surgery is still the only available treatment for AL, with its associated drawbacks. The present review aims at identifying genes whose expression is altered in osteolysis, and that could be the target of new pharmacological treatments, with the goal of replacing surgery. This review also aims at identifying the molecular pathways altered by different wear particles. We reviewed preclinical and clinical studies from 2010 to 2016, analyzing gene expression of tissues or cells affected by osteolysis. A total of 32 in vitro, 16 in vivo and six clinical studies were included. These studies revealed that genes belonging to both inflammation and osteoclastogenesis pathways are mainly involved in osteolysis. More precisely, an increase in genes encoding for the following factors were observed: Interleukins 6 and 1β (IL16 and β), Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNFα), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB), Nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATC1), Cathepsin K (CATK) and Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). Titanium (Ti) and Polyethylene (PE) were the most studied particles, showing that Ti up-regulated inflammation and osteoclastogenesis related genes, while PE up-regulated primarily osteoclastogenesis related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Veronesi
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Matilde Tschon
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Milena Fini
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
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Jiang J, Jia T, Gong W, Ning B, Wooley PH, Yang SY. Macrophage Polarization in IL-10 Treatment of Particle-Induced Inflammation and Osteolysis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 186:57-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Gallo J, Raska M, Konttinen YT, Nich C, Goodman SB. Innate immunity sensors participating in pathophysiology of joint diseases: a brief overview. J Long Term Eff Med Implants 2015; 24:297-317. [PMID: 25747032 DOI: 10.1615/jlongtermeffmedimplants.2014010825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The innate immune system consists of functionally specialized "modules" that are activated in response to a particular set of stimuli via sensors located on the surface or inside the tissue cells. These cells screen tissues for a wide range of exogenous and endogenous danger/damage-induced signals with the aim to reject or tolerate them and maintain tissue integrity. In this line of thinking, inflammation evolved as an adaptive tool for restoring tissue homeostasis. A number of diseases are mediated by a maladaptation of the innate immune response, perpetuating chronic inflammation and tissue damage. Here, we review recent evidence on the cross talk between innate immune sensors and development of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and aseptic loosening of total joint replacements. In relation to the latter topic, there is a growing body of evidence that aseptic loosening and periprosthetic osteolysis results from long-term maladaptation of periprosthetic tissues to the presence of by-products continuously released from an artificial joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiri Gallo
- Department of Orthopedics, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc 775 20, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Raska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, Palacky University, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Yrjo T Konttinen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Helsinki and ORTON Orthopaedic Hospital of the Invalid Foundation, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christophe Nich
- Laboratoire de Biomecanique et Biomateriaux Osteo-Articulaires - UMR CNRS 7052, Faculte de Medecine - Universite Paris 7, Paris, France; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, European Teaching Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris
| | - Stuart B Goodman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Stanford University Medical Center Redwood City, CA
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Ren W, Jackson N, Song W, Shi T, Flynn JC, Markel DC. Implant wear induced inflammation is mitigated in CX3CR1(-/-) mice. J Orthop Res 2014; 32:1037-43. [PMID: 24700421 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Wear debris-induced monocyte recruitment plays a key role in the formation of chronic periprosthetic tissue inflammation associated with aseptic loosening. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role(s) of chemokine receptor CX3CR1 in ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) particle-induced tissue inflammation using a murine air pouch model developed in CX3CR1 knockout (CX3CR1(-/-) ) mice. UHMWPE debris or saline were introduced into established air pouches on CX3CR1(-/-) and CX3CR1(+/+) mice. Pouch tissues were collected 7 days after UHMWPE inoculation. Results showed that UHMWPE stimulation induced strong pouch tissue inflammation in CX3CR1(+/+) mice, as manifested by inflammatory cellular infiltration (mainly macrophages), pouch tissue proliferation, and increased gene expression of IL-1ß and TNFα. UHMWPE-induced inflammation was significantly mitigated in CX3CR1(-/-) mice, as manifested by reduction of tissue inflammation (pouch thickness and cell density), inflammatory cytokine production (IL-1ß and TNFα) and macrophage accumulation. The observations support the hypothesis that the activation of the CX3CR1 chemokine pathway contributes to the severity of UHMWPE particle-induced tissue inflammation, and suggests that CX3CR1 signaling is involved in the recruitment of monocytes to the wear debris-containing inflammatory tissues. Blocking of CX3CR1 pathway may represent a viable therapeutic approach to the prevention and treatment of patients with aseptic loosening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Ren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Providence Hospital, Southfield, Michigan
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Orthopaedic implant failure: aseptic implant loosening–the contribution and future challenges of mouse models in translational research. Clin Sci (Lond) 2014; 127:277-93. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20130338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aseptic loosening as a result of wear debris is considered to be the main cause of long-term implant failure in orthopaedic surgery and improved biomaterials for bearing surfaces decreases significantly the release of micrometric wear particles. Increasingly, in-depth knowledge of osteoimmunology highlights the role of nanoparticles and ions released from some of these new bearing couples, opening up a new era in the comprehension of aseptic loosening. Mouse models have been essential in the progress made in the early comprehension of pathophysiology and in testing new therapeutic agents for particle-induced osteolysis. However, despite this encouraging progress, there is still no valid clinical alternative to revision surgery. The present review provides an update of the most commonly used bearing couples, the current concepts regarding particle–cell interactions and the approaches used to study the biology of periprosthetic osteolysis. It also discusses the contribution and future challenges of mouse models for successful translation of the preclinical progress into clinical applications.
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Markel DC, Jackson NM, Esquivel AO, Ren W, Flynn JC. Immunological response to bolus versus multiple injections of hylan G-F 20 (Synvisc) in a murine biocompatibility model. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2014; 102:1375-80. [PMID: 24500880 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Local tissue reactivity to intra-articular injections of hyaluronic acid hylan G-F 20 (Synvisc) has been described. We used a murine biocompatibility model to study the inflammatory response to Synvisc after a single bolus injection versus the traditional three shot series of injections. Air pouches were established subcutaneously in BALB/c mice, which were injected with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), 5 mg ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene particles (to simulate synthetic joint wear debris, positive control), 0.5 mL Synvisc (one injection/week for three weeks, harvested 14 days after last injection), or 1.5 mL Synvisc bolus (harvested either 14 or 28 days after last injection). Inflammatory gene expression and inflammation of air pouch tissue, and serum antibody titers to Synvisc were determined. Inflammation was observed with all Synvisc treatments relative to PBS (p < 0.01). However, the three injection series of Synvisc resulted in significantly (p < 0.05) greater tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene expression compared to both PBS and bolus single shot Synvisc harvested after 14 or 28 days. While all Synvisc treatments resulted in serum antibodies to Synvisc (p < 0.02 compared to PBS control group), mice that received three injections of Synvisc had higher levels than mice receiving a single injection (p < 0.01). These results demonstrate that a single bolus injection of Synvisc led to less inflammation and a lower antibody response when compared to the three-shot series of injections, supporting the current change in treatment from multiple injections to a single injection of Synvisc .
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Markel
- Providence Hospital and Medical Centers, Southfield, Michigan; Detroit Medical Center/Providence Hospital Orthopaedic Surgery Residency Program, Detroit, Michigan
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Zhu C, Wang J, Cheng T, Li Q, Shen H, Qin H, Cheng M, Zhang X. The potential role of increasing the release of mouse β- defensin-14 in the treatment of osteomyelitis in mice: a primary study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86874. [PMID: 24489798 PMCID: PMC3904979 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian β-defensins are small cationic peptides that have been implicated in mediating innate immune defenses against microbial infection. Mouse β-defensin-14 (MBD-14), based on structural and functional similarities, appears to be an ortholog of human β-defensin-3 (HBD-3). Previous studies identified signaling pathway p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) that contributed to the expression of MBD-14 in mouse osteoblasts upon contacted with methicillin-resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) supernatant, which provided a theoretical basis as a promising therapeutic target in the treatment of intramedullary infection with MRSA in vivo. In this study, the medullary cavities of tibiae were contaminated with MRSA 10(3) colony forming units and different doses of p38 MAPK agonists anisomycin were followed as group III or IV in 30 mice. Fifteen animals that received phosphate- buffered saline served as group II and 15 mice were not contaminated with MRSA and received phosphate-buffered saline served as controls (group I). Follow-up was 7 days. In day 1, day 4 and day 7 postoperatively, infection was evaluated by blood routine, microbiological and histological analyses after sacrifice. All animals of group II developed microbiological and histological signs of infection. Histological signs of infection, white blood counts and cultures of group III and IV showed significantly reduced bacterial growth compared to cultures of group II. Simultaneously, different doses of anisomycin significantly induced the expression of osteoblast-associated genes, including alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin and collagen type I. In addition, the expression of HBD-3 in human interfacial membranes around infected periprosthetic joint by staphylococcus contaminated was evaluated, and the expression pattern changed with significant induction of HBD-3 in infected periprosthetic joint compared with aseptic loosening under inflammatory conditions. Our primary study indicated that the potential antibacterial role of increased MBD-14 in the osteomyelitis mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingtian Li
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Qin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengqi Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianlong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
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Effect of erythromycin-doped calcium polyphosphate scaffold composite in a mouse pouch infection model. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2013; 102:1140-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Li N, Xu Z, Wooley PH, Zhang J, Yang SY. Therapeutic potentials of naringin on polymethylmethacrylate induced osteoclastogenesis and osteolysis, in vitro and in vivo assessments. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2013; 8:1-11. [PMID: 24376342 PMCID: PMC3864877 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s52714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Wear debris associated periprosthetic osteolysis represents a major pathological process associated with the aseptic loosening of joint prostheses. Naringin is a major flavonoid identified in grapefruit. Studies have shown that naringin possesses many pharmacological properties including effects on bone metabolism. The current study evaluated the influence of naringin on wear debris induced osteoclastic bone resorption both in vitro and in vivo. The osteoclast precursor cell line RAW 264.7 was cultured and stimulated with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) particles followed by treatment with naringin at several doses. Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), calcium release, and gene expression profiles of TRAP, cathepsin K, and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B were sequentially evaluated. PMMA challenged murine air pouch and the load bearing tibia titanium pin-implantation mouse models were used to evaluate the effects of naringin in controlling PMMA induced bone resorption. Histological analyses and biomechanical pullout tests were performed following the animal experimentation. The in vitro data clearly demonstrated the inhibitory effects of naringin in PMMA induced osteoclastogenesis. The naringin dose of 10 μg/mL exhibited the most significant influence on the suppression of TRAP activities. Naringin treatment also markedly decreased calcium release in the stimulated cell culture medium. The short-term air pouch mouse study revealed that local injection of naringin ameliorated the PMMA induced inflammatory tissue response and subsequent bone resorption. The long-term tibia pin-implantation mouse model study suggested that daily oral gavage of naringin at 300 mg/kg dosage for 30 days significantly alleviated the periprosthetic bone resorption. A significant increase of periprosthetic bone volume and regaining of the pin stability were found in naringin treated mice. Overall, this study suggests that naringin may serve as a potential therapeutic agent to treat wear debris associated osteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianhu Li
- Department of Surgery, Orthopedics, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Wichita, KS, USA ; Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital to Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanwang Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital to Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Paul H Wooley
- Department of Surgery, Orthopedics, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Wichita, KS, USA ; Orthopaedic Research Institute, Via Christi Wichita Hospitals, Wichita, KS, USA
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital to Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shang-You Yang
- Department of Surgery, Orthopedics, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Wichita, KS, USA ; Orthopaedic Research Institute, Via Christi Wichita Hospitals, Wichita, KS, USA
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15
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Wang Y, Wu NN, Mu YQ, Zhang RX, Hu M, Li RD, Chen L, He BC, Deng ZL. The effect of adenovirus-mediated siRNA targeting BMPR-II on UHMWPE-induced osteoclast formation. Biomaterials 2013; 34:150-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Chen D, Zhang X, Guo Y, Shi S, Mao X, Pan X, Cheng T. MMP-9 inhibition suppresses wear debris-induced inflammatory osteolysis through downregulation of RANK/RANKL in a murine osteolysis model. Int J Mol Med 2012; 30:1417-23. [PMID: 23027468 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2012.1145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Wear debris-induced osteolysis in periprosthetic tissue with aseptic loosening is a serious problem after total joint arthroplasty. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is expressed in osteoclast cells that surround loosening peri-implant tissue, but the molecular mechanism of MMP-9 action in wear debris-induced osteolysis remains ambiguous. We used a murine osteolysis model to examine the hypothesis that administration of an MMP-9 inhibitor reduces the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK) and nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) and, thereby, suppressesdebris-induced inflammatory osteolysis. Experiments were performed in 3 groups of 15 mice: a control, a titanium (Ti) and a Ti plus tetracycline group. To provoke inflammatory osteolysis, calvarial bone was implanted from syngeneic littermates, followed by injection of Ti particles into established air pouches for all groups except the control. Tetracycline was administered daily by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection, and PBS was administered by i.p. injection to the control and Ti groups. Mice were sacrificed 14 days after bone-Ti implantation. Pouch membranes with the intact bone implants were collected for histological and molecular analysis. Tetracycline had minimum effect on the expression of MMP-9 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) but it decreased gene activation and inhibited the expression of RANK and RANKL, thereby inhibiting Ti-particle-induced inflammatory osteolysis. Tetracycline decreased the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cells in the pouch tissues. Our results in the murine osteolysis model suggest that through the downregulation of RANK/RANKL, tetracycline significantly inhibits debris-induced inflammatory osteolysis. Its use in clinical practice may help prevent complications experienced by patients who have undergone total joint arthroplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desheng Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Sixth Affiliated People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
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Differentiation of septic and aseptic loosening by PET with both 11C-PK11195 and 18F-FDG in rat models. Nucl Med Commun 2012; 33:747-56. [PMID: 22513886 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0b013e328353bbd3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to determine the value of PET with C-isoquinoline carboxamide (C-PK11195) and F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) in assisting the differentiation of aseptic loosening (AL) from septic loosening (SL) in rat models. PROCEDURES Initially, the histological profiles of SL and AL (cellular infiltration and the number of CD68 macrophage and PBR cells) were compared. Subsequently, we investigated whether C-PK11195 alone and also in combination with F-FDG increases the sensitivity and specificity of PET imaging for distinguishing SL from AL. RESULTS There were distinguishable features between the histological profiles of the SL and AL rat groups. The number of CD68/PBR cells in AL rats was significantly higher than that seen in SL rats (P<0.05). The uptake of C-PK1195 was higher in AL and lower in SL rats. The uptake of F-FDG was higher in SL and lower in AL rats. CONCLUSION PET with a C-PK11195 and F-FDG imaging protocol is helpful in the clinical differential diagnosis of AL from SL.
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Wang Y, Wu NN, Hu M, Mou YQ, Li RD, Chen L, He BC, Deng ZL. Inhibitory effect of adenovirus-mediated siRNA-targeting BMPR-IB on UHMWPE-induced bone destruction in the murine air pouch model. Connect Tissue Res 2012; 53:528-34. [PMID: 22827452 DOI: 10.3109/03008207.2012.702817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adenovirus expressing small interfering RNA (siRNA)-targeting BMPR-IB was locally administered into the air pouch of mice to improve bone resorption induced by ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) particles. METHOD Air pouches were established on the back of BALB/c mice, followed by the surgical introduction of a section of calvaria from a syngeneic mouse donor. The bone-implanted pouches were stimulated with the UHMWPE suspension. UHMWPE-containing mice were divided into three study groups to receive injections of adenovirus expressing BMPR-IB siRNA (BMPR-IB group), adenovirus expressing missense siRNA, and virus-free culture medium (control group) into the pouches, respectively. The tissues were harvested at 14 days after the treatment for molecular and histological analyses. RESULTS Adenovirus-mediated BMPR-IB siRNA treatment significantly improved UHMWPE particle-induced bone resorption, reduced TRAP and RANK gene and protein expression levels, and diminished the number of TRAP-positive cells. Furthermore, the BMPR-IB siRNA inhibited osteoclast differentiation by targeting osteoblast for the induction of osteoprotegerin formation and downregulation of receptor for activation of nuclear factor-κB ligand production. CONCLUSIONS This study suggested that loss of bone morphogenetic protein signaling by BMPR-IB siRNA directs osteoblasts to decrease bone destruction in part by downregulating osteoclastogenesis through the receptor for activation of nuclear factor-κB ligand-osteoprotegerin pathway. Local administration of adenovirus expressing siRNA-targeting BMPR-IB may be a feasible and effective therapeutic candidate to treat or prevent wear debris-associated osteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Chen D, Guo Y, Mao X, Zhang X. Inhibition of p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Down-regulates the Inflammatory Osteolysis Response to Titanium Particles in a Murine Osteolysis Model. Inflammation 2012; 35:1798-806. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-012-9500-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Inhibitory effects of recombinant IL-4 and recombinant IL-13 on UHMWPE-induced bone destruction in the murine air pouch model. J Surg Res 2012; 180:e73-81. [PMID: 22560858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2011] [Revised: 04/09/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We administered recombinant interleukin (IL)-4 and recombinant IL-13 locally into the air pouch of mice to improve bone resorption induced by ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) particles. METHODS Air pouches were established on the back of BALB/c mice, followed by the surgical introduction of a section of calvaria from a syngeneic mouse donor. We stimulated the bone-implanted pouches with the UHMWPE suspension. We divided UHMWPE-containing mice into four study groups to receive injections of phosphate-buffered saline (control), IL-4 alone, IL-13 alone, or IL-4 and IL-13 into the pouches. We harvested the tissues at 14 d after treatment for molecular and histological analyses. RESULTS The inhibitory effect of IL-4 was stronger than that of IL-13 toward osteoclast differentiation and osteoblast for the induction of osteoprotegerin production and down-regulation of receptor for activation of nuclear factor-κB ligand production. Furthermore, the combined treatment with both IL-4 and 1L-13 had a more important role in inhibiting bone resorption in these pouches with UHMWPE stimulation, compared with IL-4 or IL-13 treatment alone. CONCLUSIONS Local administration of recombinant IL-4 and IL-13 may be a feasible and effective therapeutic candidate to treat or prevent wear debris-associated osteolysis.
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Yang SY, Zhang K, Bai L, Song Z, Yu H, McQueen DA, Wooley PH. Polymethylmethacrylate and titanium alloy particles activate peripheral monocytes during periprosthetic inflammation and osteolysis. J Orthop Res 2011; 29:781-6. [PMID: 21437959 DOI: 10.1002/jor.21287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2010] [Accepted: 09/20/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the interactions of particulate PMMA or titanium alloy, patient blood monocytes, and periprosthetic tissues using a SCID-hu model of aseptic loosening. Periprosthetic tissues and bone chips obtained at revision surgery for loosening were transplanted into muscles of SCID mice. Peripheral blood monocytes (PBMCs) isolated from the same donors were fluorescently labeled and co-cultured with PMMA or Ti-6Al-4V particles before intraperitoneal injection. Control mice with periprosthetic tissue or non-inflammatory ligament xenografts received naive PBMCs transfusion. Mice were euthanized 2 weeks after PBMC transfusion. The human tissues were well accepted in SCID mice. Transfused fluorescent-labeled PBMCs were markedly accumulated in transplanted periprosthetic tissues. Multinucleated osteoclast-like cells were commonly seen within retrieved xenograft tissue, and focal bone erosions were ubiquitous. Total cell densities and CD68+ cells within the xenograft were significantly increased in mice transfused with PMMA and Ti-provoked PBMCs compared to the naïve PBMC animals (p < 0.05). Immunohistochemical staining identified much stronger positive IL-1 and TNF stains in xenografts from either PMMA or Ti-stimulated monocytes transfusion groups (p < 0.05). TRAP+ cells were found around bone chips in both activated-PBMCs groups, although markedly more aggregated TRAP+ cells in the PMMA-challenged group than in the titanium group (p < 0.05). MicroCT assessment confirmed the significant decrease of bone mineral density in chips interacted with activated-monocytes/osteoclasts. In conclusion, PMMA or titanium particles readily activate peripheral monocytes and promote the cell trafficking to the debris-containing prosthetic tissues. Particles-provoked PBMCs participated in and promoted the local inflammatory process, osteoclastogenesis, and bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-You Yang
- Orthopaedic Research Institute, Via Christi Regional Medical Center, Wichita, Kansas, USA.
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Ren W, Zhang R, Wu B, Wooley PH, Hawkins M, Markel DC. Effects of SU5416 and a vascular endothelial growth factor neutralizing antibody on wear debris-induced inflammatory osteolysis in a mouse model. J Inflamm Res 2011; 4:29-38. [PMID: 22096367 PMCID: PMC3218747 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s16232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The development of highly vascularized and inflammatory periprosthetic tissue characterizes the progress of aseptic loosening, a major complication of joint arthroplasty. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an important cell signaling protein involved in angiogenesis. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether R2/Fc (a VEGF neutralizing antibody) and SU5416 (a VEGF receptor II [Flk-1] inhibitor) could ameliorate particle-induced inflammatory osteolysis in a mouse model. Methods Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) particles were introduced into established air pouches in BALB/c mice, followed by implantation of calvaria bone from syngeneic littermates. Drug treatment was started 2 weeks after bone implantation, and mice without drug treatment were included as controls. Pouch tissues were harvested 4 weeks after bone implantation for molecular and histological analysis, and implanted bone degradation was analyzed by microcomputed tomography. Results Exposure to UHMWPE particles induced inflammatory osteolysis, which was associated with increased expression of VEGF/Flt-1 proteins. Treatment with R2/Fc significantly improved UHMWPE particle-induced inflammatory osteolysis, and reduced the expression of VEGF/Flt-1 proteins. However, SU5416 treatment showed no effect on UHMWPE particle-induced inflammatory osteolysis. Conclusion Our findings indicate that VEGF signaling exerts a regulatory effect on the development of UHMWPE-induced inflammatory osteolysis, through its unique Flt-1, rather than Flk-1, receptor located on monocyte/macrophage cell lineages. These data provide a biological rationale for a VEGF/Flt-1-targeted treatment strategy, especially during the early stages of the wear debris-induced inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Ren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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Ren W, Zhang R, Hawkins M, Shi T, Markel DC. Efficacy of periprosthetic erythromycin delivery for wear debris-induced inflammation and osteolysis. Inflamm Res 2010; 59:1091-7. [PMID: 20607583 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-010-0229-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2010] [Accepted: 06/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We have reported that oral erythromycin (EM) inhibits periprosthetic tissue inflammation in a group of patients with aseptic loosening. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of local, periprosthetic EM delivery in a rat model. METHODS Uncoated Ti pins were press-fit into the right tibia of fourteen Sprague-Dawley rats following an intramedullar injection of UHMWPE (ultra high molecular weight polyethylene) particles. Revision surgeries were performed 2 months after the primary surgery. EM was applied to the Peri-Apatite™ (PA) layer of the titanium (Ti) pins. The previously implanted Ti pins were withdrawn and replaced with Ti pins coated either with (n = 7) or without (n = 7) EM. The rats were killed 1 month after "revision surgery". The EM efficacy was evaluated by (MicroCT) μCT and histology. RESULTS μCT analysis showed that bone volume percentage (BV/TV) was significantly higher in the EM-treated group compared to the untreated group (p < 0.05). Histological analysis showed that EM treatment inhibits UHMWPE particle-induced periprosthetic tissue inflammation compared to the untreated group. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that periprosthetic EM delivery reduced periprosthetic inflammation and improved the quality of surrounding bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Ren
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Detroit Medical Center and Providence Hospital Orthopaedic Residency, Detroit, MI, USA.
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Circulating blood monocytes traffic to and participate in the periprosthetic tissue inflammation. Inflamm Res 2009; 58:837-44. [PMID: 19484187 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-009-0051-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2008] [Revised: 04/27/2009] [Accepted: 05/11/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the trafficking of human circulating blood monocytes and their influence on the inflammation of periprosthetic tissues using a novel mouse-human chimera model. METHODS Periprosthetic tissue and bone chips from patients with aseptic prosthetic loosening were implanted into the muscles of immune-deficient SCID mice depleted of host macrophages by periodic intraperitoneal injection of anti-asialo GM1 rabbit sera (ASGM1). Autologous patient peripheral blood monocytes (PBMCs) were labeled with PKH2 fluorescent dye and injected intraperitoneally into the implanted animals. Mice were sacrificed 14 days after PBMC transfusion for molecular and histological analyses. RESULTS Patient periprosthetic tissues were well tolerated in SCID mice and preserved a high level of viability. Cell trafficking studies revealed the accumulation of fluorescent PBMC within the xenografts, with total cell counts in the xenografts significantly increased following the systemic PBMC infusion. PBMC infusion also promoted the expression of IL-1, IL-6, TNFalpha, and RANK within the periprosthetic tissue. CONCLUSION Systemic PBMC migrated to the implanted periprosthetic tissues and contributed to the local inflammation. The data provide evidence that circulating blood monocytes may play a role in pathologic process during aseptic loosening of total joint replacement.
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Atkins GJ, Welldon KJ, Holding CA, Haynes DR, Howie DW, Findlay DM. The induction of a catabolic phenotype in human primary osteoblasts and osteocytes by polyethylene particles. Biomaterials 2009; 30:3672-81. [PMID: 19349075 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2008] [Accepted: 03/19/2009] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Polyethylene (PE) wear particles are associated with the osteolysis seen in aseptic loosening that leads to orthopaedic implant failure. While cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage are implicated, evidence is now emerging that osteoblastic cells may also be affected by PE. In this study we investigated the effect of PE particles on osteoblasts, using a novel in vitro cell culture system that was developed to juxtapose cells and PE particles, replicating the 3-dimensional (3D) environment near implants. This system allowed normal human bone-derived cells (NHBC) to undergo differentiation into a mature osteocyte-like phenotype over a 21-28-day culture period. PE particles induced an increase in mRNA expression of the osteocyte markers E11, DMP-1 and SOST/sclerostin. NHBC responded to PE particles by increasing the mRNA expression of several genes associated with osteoclast formation and activity (RANKL, IL-8 and M-CSF) and decreased the expression of the osteoclast antagonist, OPG. PE also appeared to induce a switch in the RUNX2 control of gene expression from that of promoting matrix production (type I collagen) to inducing the expression of pro-osteoclastogenic genes. These results suggest that PE particles switch mature osteoblastic cells from an anabolic to a more catabolic phenotype. This concept was further supported by the finding that PE-induced expression of RANKL mRNA in the mouse osteocyte cell line, MLO-Y4. Overall, our results suggest that PE particles directly induce a change in the phenotype of mature osteoblasts and osteocytes, consistent with the net loss of bone near orthopaedic implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald J Atkins
- Discipline of Orthopaedics and Trauma, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
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Markel DC, Zhang R, Shi T, Hawkins M, Ren W. Inhibitory effects of erythromycin on wear debris-induced VEGF/Flt-1 gene production and osteolysis. Inflamm Res 2009; 58:413-21. [PMID: 19262986 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-009-0007-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2008] [Revised: 01/05/2009] [Accepted: 01/06/2009] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A highly vascularized and inflammatory periprosthetic tissue augments the progress of aseptic loosening, a major clinical problem after total joint replacement. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of erythromycin (EM) on ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) particle-induced VEGF/VEGF receptor 1 (Flt-1) gene production and inflammatory osteolysis in a mouse model. METHODS UHMWPE particles were introduced into established air pouches on BALB/c mice, followed by implantation of calvaria bone from syngeneic littermates. EM treatment started 2 weeks after bone implantation (5 mg/kg day, i.p. injection). Mice without drug treatment as well as mice injected with saline alone were included. Pouch tissues were harvested 2 weeks after bone implantation. Expression of VEGF, Flt-1, RANKL, IL-1, TNF and CD68 was measured by immunostain and RT-PCR, and implanted bone resorption was analyzed by micro-CT (muCT). RESULTS Exposure to UHMWPE induced pouch tissue inflammation, increase of VEGF/Flt-1 proteins, and increased bone resorption. EM treatment significantly improved UHMWPE particle-induced tissue inflammation, reduced VEGF/Flt-1 protein expression, and diminished the number of TRAP(+) cells, as well as the implanted bone resorption. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that EM inhibited VEGF and Flt-1 gene expression. The molecular mechanism of EM action on VEGF/Flt-1 signaling-mediated osteoclastogenesis warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Markel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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Ren W, Markel DC, Schwendener R, Ding Y, Wu B, Wooley PH. Macrophage depletion diminishes implant-wear-induced inflammatory osteolysis in a mouse model. J Biomed Mater Res A 2008; 85:1043-51. [PMID: 17937417 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether macrophage depletion using clodronate liposomes diminishes wear-debris-induced inflammatory osteolysis in a murine osteolysis model. Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) particles were introduced into established air pouches on BALB/c mice, followed by implantation of calvaria bone from syngeneic littermates. Macrophages were depleted by the intraperitoneal injection of clodronate liposome (2 mg) 2 days before bone implantation and re-injection every 3 days (1 mg) until the sacrifice of the mice. Mice without clodronate liposome therapy or treated with empty liposome as well as mice injected with saline alone were included in this study as controls. Pouch tissues were collected 14 days after bone implantation for molecular and histology analysis. Our findings indicated that (1) macrophage depletion in clodronate-liposome-treated mice was achieved, as illustrated by F4/80 immunostaining in both pouch and spleen tissues; (2) clodronate-liposome treatment significantly reduced UHMWPE-induced tissue inflammation, with diminished pouch membrane thickness, reduced inflammatory cellular infiltration, and lowered interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) expression; (3) clodronate-liposome treatment markedly reduced the number of TRAP(+) cells in pouch tissues and protected against bone collagen depletion. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that macrophage depletion using clodronate-liposome reduces UHMWPE particle-induced inflammatory osteolysis. This observation supports the hypothesis that macrophages contribute to the severity of UHMWPE particles induced inflammatory osteolysis, and suggest that macrophage depletion represents a viable therapeutic approach to the prevention and treatment of patients with aseptic loosening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Ren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA.
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What experimental approaches (eg, in vivo, in vitro, tissue retrieval) are effective in investigating the biologic effects of particles? J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2008; 16 Suppl 1:S63-7. [PMID: 18612016 PMCID: PMC2735389 DOI: 10.5435/00124635-200800001-00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the complex cellular and tissue mechanisms and interactions resulting in periprosthetic osteolysis requires a number of experimental approaches, each of which has its own set of advantages and limitations. In vitro models allow for the isolation of individual cell populations and have furthered our understanding of particle-cell interactions; however, they are limited because they do not mimic the complex tissue environment in which multiple cell interactions occur. In vivo animal models investigate the tissue interactions associated with periprosthetic osteolysis, but the choice of species and whether the implant system is subjected to mechanical load or to unloaded conditions are critical in assessing whether these models can be extrapolated to the clinical condition. Rigid analysis of retrieved tissue from clinical cases of osteolysis offers a different approach to studying the biologic process of osteolysis, but it is limited in that the tissue analyzed represents the end-stage of this process and, thus, may not reflect this process adequately.
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Yang SY, Yu H, Gong W, Wu B, Mayton L, Costello R, Wooley PH. Murine model of prosthesis failure for the long-term study of aseptic loosening. J Orthop Res 2007; 25:603-11. [PMID: 17278141 DOI: 10.1002/jor.20342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We examined a novel mouse model of wear debris-induced prosthesis instability and osteolysis, and its application for the evaluation of therapy. A stainless steel or titanium-alloy pin was implanted into the proximal tibia to form a contiguous surface with the articular cartilage. In some mice, titanium particles were injected into the tibial canal during the surgery, followed by monthly intraarticular injection. MicroCT scans revealed that the implants without particle challenge were stable without bone mineral density changes for 6 months. Histological analysis showed new bone formation around the implant at 6 weeks postsurgery. Periprosthetic soft tissue with inflammatory cells was a ubiquitous finding at the interface between the implant and surrounding bone in samples exposed to titanium particles, and expression of IL-1beta, TNFalpha, and CD68 was common in these joints. Pullout tests indicated that an average 5N load was required to pull out stable implants from surrounding bone. However, particle stimulation dramatically reduced the pullout force to less than 0.4 N. The feasibility of in vivo gene transfer on this model was confirmed by X-gal staining of synovial membrane and periprosthetic tissue after injection of AAV-LacZ in the prosthetic joint. This murine model of weight-bearing knee prosthesis provides an economical, reproducible, and easily obtained means to study joint arthroplasty failure. The ability to evaluate the biomechanical properties of the prosthetic joint, in addition to histological and biochemical examination, results in a useful model to investigate many of the properties of prosthetic joint components during the response to debris-associated osteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-You Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wayne State University, and the John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, UHC-7C, 4201 St. Antoine Boulevard, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA.
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Baumann B, Rolf O, Jakob F, Goebel S, Sterner T, Eulert J, Rader CP. Synergistic effects of mixed TiAlV and polyethylene wear particles on TNFα response in THP-1 macrophages / Synergistische Effekte gemischter TiAlV- und Polyethylen-Abriebpartikel auf die TNFα-Antwort in THP-1 Makrophagen. BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE 2006; 51:360-6. [PMID: 17155873 DOI: 10.1515/bmt.2006.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
TNFalpha is a potent osteoclastogenic cytokine that has a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of wear particle-induced osteolysis. Wear particles of one composition and their biological effects are well characterised. In contrast, little is known about the effects of mixed particles with respect to mix ratio and particle concentration. We evaluated the effects of different mix ratios of polyethylene and TiAlV particles on TNFalpha response. We used a human monocytic cell line (THP-1) in this in vitro study. THP-1 monocytes were differentiated to macrophage-like cells and exposed to different mixtures of lipopolysaccharide-detoxified polyethylene and TiAlV particles. TNFalpha was analysed in culture supernatants using ELISAs. Both polyethylene and TiAlV particles induced a dose- and time-related release of TNFalpha, with maximum levels after 6 h. A PE/TiAlV mix ratio of 36:1 at 10(8) particles/ml induced significantly higher TNFalpha concentrations compared to equal particle concentrations of isolated TiAlV (p=0.047) or PE (p=0.044), indicating the synergistic effect of mixed particles. These results provide evidence that TiAlV and polyethylene particles have significant synergistic effects, depending on the mix ratio and particle concentrations. This supra-additive effect can contribute substantially to the pathogenesis of implant particle-induced osteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Baumann
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Julius-Maximilians University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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Holding CA, Findlay DM, Stamenkov R, Neale SD, Lucas H, Dharmapatni ASSK, Callary SA, Shrestha KR, Atkins GJ, Howie DW, Haynes DR. The correlation of RANK, RANKL and TNFα expression with bone loss volume and polyethylene wear debris around hip implants. Biomaterials 2006; 27:5212-9. [PMID: 16806459 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2006] [Accepted: 05/29/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates receptor activator NF-kappaB (RANK), RANK ligand (RANKL) and tumour necrosis factor (TNFalpha), key factors regulating bone turnover, present in the tissues near peri-prosthetic osteolysis. Tissue was obtained from zones of peri-prosthetic osteolysis from 11 patients undergoing revision of total hip prostheses, analysed preoperatively by high-resolution spiral multislice CT using a metal artefact suppression protocol. Synovial tissue from 10 patients with osteoarthritis undergoing primary hip replacement was used as control tissue. Immunohistochemical analysis of formalin fixed tissue sections demonstrated that RANK, RANKL and TNFalpha were strongly expressed by large multinucleated cells containing polyethylene wear debris in revision tissues. Control tissue stained weakly for RANK, RANKL and TNFalpha. A strong statistical correlation (p<0.02) was found between the five parameters, volume of bone loss, polyethylene wear debris, RANK, RANKL and TNFalpha expression. Importantly, in vitro studies revealed that RANKL and TNFalpha synergise to increase the volume of bone resorbed, by more than seven fold, when compared to the effect of either cytokine treatment alone. This suggests that the interaction of TNFalpha and RANKL promotes osteoclast activity associated with polyethylene wear and therapies targeting TNF activity may be useful to treat peri-implant osteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Holding
- Department of Pathology, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
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Ren W, Wu B, Peng X, Hua J, Hao HN, Wooley PH. Implant wear induces inflammation, but not osteoclastic bone resorption, in RANK(-/-) mice. J Orthop Res 2006; 24:1575-86. [PMID: 16779834 DOI: 10.1002/jor.20190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Signaling of RANK (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B) through its ligand RANKL appears critical in osteolysis associated with aseptic loosening (AL). The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of RANK in a murine osteolysis model developed in RANK knockout (RANK(-/-)) mice. Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) debris was introduced into established air pouches on RANK(-/-) mice, followed by implantation of calvaria bone from syngeneic littermates. Wild type C57BL/6 (RANK(+/+)) mice injected with either UHMWPE or saline alone were included in this study. Pouch tissues were collected 14 days after UHMWPE inoculation for molecular and histology analysis. Results showed that UHMWPE stimulation induced strong pouch tissue inflammation in RANK(-/-) mice, as manifested by inflammatory cellular infiltration, pouch tissue proliferation, and increased gene expression of IL-1beta, TNFalpha, and RANKL. However, the UHMWPE-induced inflammation in RANK(-/-) mice was not associated with the osteoclastic bone resorption observed in RANK(+/+) mice. In RANK(+/+) mice subjected to UHMWPE stimulation, a large number of TRAP(+) cells were found on the implanted bone surface, where active osteoclastic bone resorption was observed. No TRAP(+) cells were found in UHMWPE-containing pouch tissues of RANK(-/-) mice. Consistent with the lack of osteoclastic activity shown by TRAP staining, no significant UHMWPE particle-induced bone resorption was found in RANK(-/-) mice. A well preserved bone collagen content (Van Gieson staining) and normal plateau surface contour [microcomputed tomography (microCT)] of implanted bone was observed in RANK(-/-) mice subjected to UHMWPE stimulation. In conclusion, this study provides the evidence that UHMWPE particles induce strong inflammatory responses, but not associated with osteoclastic bone resorption in RANK(-/-) mice. This indicates that RANK signaling is essential for UHMWPE particle-induced osteoclastic bone resorption, but does not participate in UHMWPE particle-induced inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Ren
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, University Health Center 7C, 4201 St. Antoine Boulevard, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA.
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Association between UHMWPE particle-induced inflammatory osteoclastogenesis and expression of RANKL, VEGF, and Flt-1 in vivo. Biomaterials 2006; 27:5161-9. [PMID: 16814378 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2006] [Accepted: 04/03/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Wear debris-induced vascularized granulomatous periprosthetic tissue may augment the progress of prosthetic loosening, a major clinical problem after total joint replacement. The purpose of this study is to investigate the association of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) particle-induced inflammatory osteoclastogenesis and expression of RANK/RANKL and VEGF/VEGF receptors (Flt-1 and Flk-1) using a mouse osteolysis model. UHMWPE particles were introduced into established air pouches on BALB/c mice, followed by implantation of calvaria bone from syngeneic littermates. Mice were injected with either recombinant VEGF or VEGF inhibitor (VEGF R2/F(c) Chimera). Mice without drug treatment, as well as mice injected with saline alone were included. Each group contains 10 mice. Pouch tissues were harvested 2 weeks after bone implantation for histological and molecular analysis. UHMWPE stimulation significantly increased VEGF gene expression, and exerted a lower enhancement effect on the gene expression of Flt-1 and Flk-1. UHMWPE-stimulated VEGF production was markedly reduced by VEGF inhibitor treatment. Immunofluorescent staining indicated that pouch tissue macrophages were the main source of both VEGF and Flt-1 production. A positive association was observed between tissue inflammation and the levels of VEGF and Flt-1 gene transcripts. Both RANK and RANKL gene transcripts were significantly increased by UHMWPE stimulation, which was subsequently reduced by VEGF inhibitor treatment (p<0.05). VEGF treatment increased TRAP(+) cells in pouches either with or without UHMWPE particle stimulation, and VEGF inhibitor treatment caused a significant reduction in the number of TRAP(+) cells in UHMWPE-containing pouches. This study suggests that VEGF has a role in the regulation of RANK/RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis, and warrant future investigations to elucidate the role of VEGF signaling in the pathogenesis of prosthetic loosening.
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Baumann B, Seufert J, Jakob F, Nöth U, Rolf O, Eulert J, Rader CP. Activation of NF-kappaB signalling and TNFalpha-expression in THP-1 macrophages by TiAlV- and polyethylene-wear particles. J Orthop Res 2005; 23:1241-8. [PMID: 15913942 DOI: 10.1016/j.orthres.2005.02.017.1100230602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2004] [Revised: 02/07/2005] [Accepted: 02/15/2005] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Wear particles are believed to induce periprosthetic inflammation which contributes to periprosthetic osteolysis. TNFalpha plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of this process. The molecular mechanisms leading to the development of periprosthetic inflammation with upregulated TNFalpha expression in monocytic cells in response to different wear particles have yet to be defined. In this study we evaluated the effects of polyethylene- and TiAlV-particles on activation of NF-kappaB signalling pathways and TNFalpha biosynthesis and release in monocytic cells with respect to periprosthetic osteoclastogenesis. THP-1 monocytic cells were differentiated to macrophage-like cells and exposed to LPS-detoxified polyethylene and prosthesis-derived TiAlV-particles. TNFalpha release was analyzed in culture supernatant by ELISA. NF-kappaB activation was examined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), and NF-kappaB target promoter activities including transactivation of the TNFalpha promoter were determined by luciferase reporter gene assays. Differentiated THP-1 macrophages were exposed to increasing numbers of particles for 0, 60, 180 and 360 min. Both, polyethylene- and TiAlV-particles induced a significant activation of both NF-kappaB and TNFalpha promoters at 180 min. A significant TNFalpha release was detected after 360 min exposure to polyethylene- and TiAlV-particles in a dose dependent manner. In comparison, LPS induced a much greater activation of NF-kappaB and TNFalpha promoters, and TNFalpha secretion into the supernatant was strongly induced. These results provide evidence that induction of the NF-kappaB signal transduction pathway in macrophages plays a major role in initiating and mediating the inflammatory response leading to periprosthetic osteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Baumann
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Julius-Maximilians University Würzburg, König-Ludwig-Haus, Brettreichstrasse 11, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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Yang SY, Wu B, Mayton L, Mukherjee P, Robbins PD, Evans CH, Wooley PH. Protective effects of IL-1Ra or vIL-10 gene transfer on a murine model of wear debris-induced osteolysis. Gene Ther 2004; 11:483-91. [PMID: 14724688 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The current study evaluated the protective effects of anti-inflammatory cytokine gene transfer on osteolysis provoked by orthopedic biomaterial particles using a murine model of inflammatory bone loss. A section of bone was surgically implanted into an air pouch established on a syngeneic recipient mouse. Inflammation was provoked by introduction of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) particles into the pouch, and retroviruses encoding for interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (hIL-1Ra), viral interleukin-10 (vIL-10), or LacZ genes were injected. Pouch fluid and tissue were harvested 7 days later for histological and molecular analyses. The results indicated that IL-1Ra or vIL-10 gene transfer significantly inhibited IL-1beta and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) expression at both mRNA and protein levels. There were significantly lower mRNA expressions of calcitonin receptor and cathepsin K in RNA isolated from hIL-1Ra- or vIL-10-transduced pouches than LacZ-transduced and virus-free controls. Both anti-inflammatory cytokine gene transfers significantly reduced the mRNA expression of M-CSF (70-90%) and RANK (>65%) in comparison with LacZ- and virus-free controls. Histological examination showed that hIL-1Ra or vIL-10 gene transfer dramatically abolished UHMWPE-induced inflammatory cellular infiltration and bone pit erosion compared to LacZ-transduced and virus-free controls. Histochemical staining revealed significantly fewer osteoclast-like cells in samples treated with IL-1Ra or vIL-10 gene transfer. In addition, bone collagen content was markedly preserved in the groups with anti-inflammatory cytokine gene transfers compared with the other two groups. Overall, retrovirus-mediated hIL-1Ra or vIL-10 gene transfer effectively protected against UHMWPE-particle-induced bone resorption, probably due to the inhibition of IL-1/TNF-induced M-CSF production and the consequent osteoclast recruitment and maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-Y Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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