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Scarsbrook L, Mitchell KJ, Mcgee MD, Closs GP, Rawlence NJ. Ancient DNA from the extinct New Zealand grayling ( Prototroctes oxyrhynchus) reveals evidence for Miocene marine dispersal. Zool J Linn Soc 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The evolutionary history of Southern Hemisphere graylings (Retropinnidae) in New Zealand (NZ), including their relationship to the Australian grayling, is poorly understood. The NZ grayling (Prototroctes oxyrhynchus) is the only known fish in NZ to have gone extinct since human arrival there. Despite its historical abundance, only 23 wet and dried, formalin-fixed specimens exist in museums. We used high-throughput DNA sequencing to generate mitogenomes from formalin-fixed P. oxyrhynchus specimens, and analysed these in a temporal phylogenetic framework of retropinnids and osmerids. We recovered a strong sister-relationship between NZ and Australian grayling (P. mareana), with a common ancestor ~13.8 Mya [95% highest posterior density (HPD): 6.1–23.2 Mya], after the height of Oligocene marine inundation in NZ. Our temporal phylogenetic analysis suggests a single marine dispersal between NZ and Australia, although the direction of dispersal is equivocal, followed by divergence into genetically and morphologically distinguishable species through isolation by distance. This study provides further insights into the possible extinction drivers of the NZ grayling, informs discussion regarding reintroduction of Prototroctes to NZ and highlights how advances in palaeogenetics can be used to test evolutionary hypotheses in fish, which, until relatively recently, have been comparatively neglected in ancient-DNA research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lachie Scarsbrook
- Otago Palaeogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand
- Palaeogenomics and Bio-Archaeology Research Network, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford , Oxford , UK
| | - Kieren J Mitchell
- Otago Palaeogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand
| | - Matthew D Mcgee
- Behavioural Studies Group, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia
| | - Gerard P Closs
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand
| | - Nicolas J Rawlence
- Otago Palaeogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand
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McDowall RM, Burridge CP. Osteology and relationships of the southern freshwater lower euteleostean fishes. ZOOSYST EVOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/zoos.201000020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Lee DE, McDowall RM, Lindqvist JK. Galaxiasfossils from Miocene lake deposits, Otago, New Zealand: The earliest records of the Southern Hemisphere family Galaxiidae (Teleostei). J R Soc N Z 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/03014220709510540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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McDowall RM, Kennedy EM, Lindqvist JK, Lee DE, Alloway BV, Gregory MR. ProbableGobiomorphusfossils from the Miocene and Pleistocene of New Zealand (Teleostei: Eleotridae). J R Soc N Z 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/03014223.2006.9517803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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