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Semaev S, Shakhtshneider E, Shcherbakova L, Orlov P, Ivanoshchuk D, Malyutina S, Gafarov V, Voevoda M, Ragino Y. Association of Common Variants of APOE, CETP, and the 9p21.3 Chromosomal Region with the Risk of Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10908. [PMID: 37446094 PMCID: PMC10342168 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The individual risk of an unfavorable cardiovascular outcome is determined by genetic factors in addition to lifestyle factors. This study was aimed at analyzing possible associations of several genetic factors with the risk of myocardial infarction (MI). For our study, we selected genes that have been significantly associated with MI in meta-analyses: the chromosomal region 9p21.3, the CETP gene, and the APOE gene. In total, 2286 randomly selected patients were included. Rs708272 and rs429358 and rs7412 were analyzed using RT-PCR via the TaqMan principle, and rs1333049 vas analyzed via a commercial KASP assay. In our sample, the frequencies of alleles and genotypes were consistent with frequencies in comparable populations of Eastern and Western Europe. Allele C of rs1333049 was significantly associated with MI among males (p = 0.027) and in the whole study sample (p = 0.008). We also revealed a significant association of the ɛ2/ɛ4 genotype of APOE with MI among males (p < 0.0001) and in the whole study sample (p < 0.0001). Thus, among the tested polymorphisms, some genotypes of rs1333049 and rs429358 and rs7412 are the most strongly associated with MI and can be recommended for inclusion into a genetic risk score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Semaev
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Prospekt Ak. Lavrentyeva, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine (IIPM)-Branch of ICG SB RAS, 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., Novosibirsk 630089, Russia
| | - Elena Shakhtshneider
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Prospekt Ak. Lavrentyeva, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine (IIPM)-Branch of ICG SB RAS, 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., Novosibirsk 630089, Russia
| | - Liliya Shcherbakova
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine (IIPM)-Branch of ICG SB RAS, 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., Novosibirsk 630089, Russia
| | - Pavel Orlov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Prospekt Ak. Lavrentyeva, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine (IIPM)-Branch of ICG SB RAS, 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., Novosibirsk 630089, Russia
| | - Dinara Ivanoshchuk
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Prospekt Ak. Lavrentyeva, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine (IIPM)-Branch of ICG SB RAS, 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., Novosibirsk 630089, Russia
| | - Sofia Malyutina
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine (IIPM)-Branch of ICG SB RAS, 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., Novosibirsk 630089, Russia
| | - Valery Gafarov
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine (IIPM)-Branch of ICG SB RAS, 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., Novosibirsk 630089, Russia
| | - Mikhail Voevoda
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Prospekt Ak. Lavrentyeva, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Yuliya Ragino
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine (IIPM)-Branch of ICG SB RAS, 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., Novosibirsk 630089, Russia
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Semaev S, Shakhtshneider E, Shcherbakova L, Ivanoshchuk D, Orlov P, Malyutina S, Gafarov V, Ragino Y, Voevoda M. Associations of APOE Gene Variants rs429358 and rs7412 with Parameters of the Blood Lipid Profile and the Risk of Myocardial Infarction and Death in a White Population of Western Siberia. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:1713-1724. [PMID: 35723376 PMCID: PMC9164079 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44040118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to analyze possible associations of rs7412 and rs429358 of the APOE gene with lipid profile parameters, the risk of myocardial infarction, and death in the mostly white population of Western Siberia (Russia). The study population was selected from a sample surveyed within the framework of the Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial Factors In Eastern Europe (HAPIEE) study (9360 subjects, age 53.8 ± 7.0 years, males/females 50/50). PCR was conducted with fluorescence detection according to the TaqMan principle on a real-time PCR machine. The frequency of a minor allele (C) of rs429358 was 0.13, and the frequency of a minor allele (T) of rs7412 was 0.09. In our study, the woman with the rare ɛ1/ɛ4 genotype had substantial aberrations in blood lipid levels. In Kaplan–Meier curves, statistically significant differences were revealed in the prognosis of survival within the subgroup of females who had a myocardial infarction (p = 0.0006): the prognosis was worse for carriers of the ɛ2/ɛ2 genotype and for ɛ4/ɛ4 carriers. Survival analysis regarding deaths from all causes showed (p = 0.0238) that female carriers of the ɛ2/ɛ4 genotype had a worse prognosis than did carriers of other genotypes. Thus, in the population of Western Siberia (Russia), we confirmed statistically significant associations between rs7412 & rs429358 genotypes and lipid profile parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Semaev
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Prospekt Ak. Lavrentyeva, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (S.S.); (D.I.); (P.O.); (M.V.)
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine (IIPM)—Branch of ICG SB RAS, 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., 630089 Novosibirsk, Russia; (L.S.); (S.M.); (V.G.); (Y.R.)
| | - Elena Shakhtshneider
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Prospekt Ak. Lavrentyeva, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (S.S.); (D.I.); (P.O.); (M.V.)
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine (IIPM)—Branch of ICG SB RAS, 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., 630089 Novosibirsk, Russia; (L.S.); (S.M.); (V.G.); (Y.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Liliya Shcherbakova
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine (IIPM)—Branch of ICG SB RAS, 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., 630089 Novosibirsk, Russia; (L.S.); (S.M.); (V.G.); (Y.R.)
| | - Dinara Ivanoshchuk
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Prospekt Ak. Lavrentyeva, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (S.S.); (D.I.); (P.O.); (M.V.)
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine (IIPM)—Branch of ICG SB RAS, 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., 630089 Novosibirsk, Russia; (L.S.); (S.M.); (V.G.); (Y.R.)
| | - Pavel Orlov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Prospekt Ak. Lavrentyeva, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (S.S.); (D.I.); (P.O.); (M.V.)
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine (IIPM)—Branch of ICG SB RAS, 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., 630089 Novosibirsk, Russia; (L.S.); (S.M.); (V.G.); (Y.R.)
| | - Sophia Malyutina
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine (IIPM)—Branch of ICG SB RAS, 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., 630089 Novosibirsk, Russia; (L.S.); (S.M.); (V.G.); (Y.R.)
| | - Valery Gafarov
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine (IIPM)—Branch of ICG SB RAS, 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., 630089 Novosibirsk, Russia; (L.S.); (S.M.); (V.G.); (Y.R.)
| | - Yuliya Ragino
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine (IIPM)—Branch of ICG SB RAS, 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., 630089 Novosibirsk, Russia; (L.S.); (S.M.); (V.G.); (Y.R.)
| | - Mikhail Voevoda
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Prospekt Ak. Lavrentyeva, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (S.S.); (D.I.); (P.O.); (M.V.)
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Ma W, Ren X, Zhang L, Dong H, Lu X, Feng W. Apolipoprotein E Gene Polymorphism and Coronary Artery Disease Risk Among Patients in Northwest China. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2021; 14:1591-1599. [PMID: 34908864 PMCID: PMC8665779 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s338285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The association between apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene polymorphisms and the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) among different populations has been assessed in numerous previous studies, but the results remain inconclusive. The present study aimed to determine the role of ApoE genotypes in CAD risk and the interrelationships between lipid profiles and ApoE alleles and genotypes among the population of northwest China. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study was performed on 308 patients with CAD and 308 control participants. ApoE gene polymorphism was analysed using the polymerase chain reaction and hybridization. RESULTS The findings indicated that the frequencies of ε3/ε4 genotype and ε4 allele frequency were significantly higher in patients with CAD than in the control participants. ε2 carriers had significantly lower total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides (TG) levels than did ε3 or ε4 carriers among the control participants. However, our study found no significant differences in plasma lipoprotein levels between ɛ2, ɛ3 and ɛ4 carriers in patients with CAD. Moreover, ε4 carriers had significantly higher ApoB, ApoB/ApoA-I levels and significantly lower ApoE levels in both patients with CAD and control participants. ε4 allele presence was associated with a nearly two-fold higher CAD risk. After adjusting for other established risk factors, ε4 allele was an independent risk factor for CAD. After stratified by age (≤ 60 years and >60 years), ε4 allele was indicated to increase the CAD risk 3.3-fold in elderly patients with CAD, but not in young patients with CAD. After stratified by sex, ε4 allele was not a risk factor in females and males patients with CAD. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that the ε4 allele, drinking, smoking, hypertension, and TG and ApoE levels are independent risk factor for CAD among patients in northwest China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbing Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710061, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710061, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liting Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710061, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710061, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyun Lu
- Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiyi Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710061, People’s Republic of China
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Farup PG, Rootwelt H, Hestad K. APOE - a genetic marker of comorbidity in subjects with morbid obesity. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2020; 21:146. [PMID: 32646381 PMCID: PMC7346600 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-020-01082-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background In population-based studies, the genetic variability of the APOE E alleles have been associated with health outcomes. Health problems are common in subjects with obesity. This study explored associations between the APOE E alleles and comorbidity in subjects with morbid obesity. Methods The study included consecutive subjects referred for evaluation of bariatric surgery with morbid obesity (defined as BMI > 40 or > 35 kg/m2 with complications related to obesity). The subjects followed a conservative weight loss program for 6 months before surgery and had a follow-up visit 12 months after surgery. Demographic data and a set psychosomatic scores (musculoskeletal pain, WHO-5 Well-Being Index, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Hopkins Symptom Check-list 10; Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and Fatigue Severity Scale) were collected, and blood samples were analysed for haematological and biochemical parameters and APOE alleles. Results One hundred and forty subjects (men/women: 32 (23%)/108 (77%) with mean age 43.0 (SD 8.7) years and BMI 42.1 (SD 3.8) kg/m2 were included. One hundred and eight and 92 subjects had data after conservative treatment and 12 months after surgery, respectively. The prevalence of the APOE alleles were: E2E2: 1 (0.7%), E2E3: 13 (9.3%), E2E4: 4 (2.9%), E3E3: 71 (50.7%), E3E4: 47 (33.6%), and E4E4: 4 (2.9%). The prevalence rates were as anticipated in a Norwegian population. The weight loss during conservative treatment and after bariatric surgery was independent of E allele variability. E2 was associated with a significant or clear trend toward improvement of all psychosomatic disorders. There was a significant fall in CRP during the two treatment periods with weight loss. E2 and E4 were significantly associated with high and low CRP, respectively, but no associations were seen between CRP and comorbidity. Conclusions The most marked finding was the association between E2 and improvement of all psychosomatic disorders. The positive and negative associations between CRP and E2 and E4, respectively, could indicate effects on inflammation and immunological reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per G Farup
- Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, PB 104, N-2381, Brumunddal, Norway. .,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Helge Rootwelt
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, N-0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Knut Hestad
- Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, PB 104, N-2381, Brumunddal, Norway.,Department of Health- and Nursing Science, Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Innland Norway University of Applied Sciences, N-2418, Elverum, Norway
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Kirsch E, Szejko N, Falcone GJ. Genetic underpinnings of cerebral edema in acute brain injury: an opportunity for pathway discovery. Neurosci Lett 2020; 730:135046. [PMID: 32464484 PMCID: PMC7372633 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral edema constitutes an important contributor to secondary injury in acute brain injury. The quantification of cerebral edema in neuroimaging, a well-established biomarker of secondary brain injury, represents a useful intermediate phenotype to study edema formation. Population genetics provides powerful tools to identify novel susceptibility genes, biological pathways and therapeutic targets related to brain edema formation. Here, we provide an overview of the pathogenesis of cerebral edema, introduce relevant genetic methods to study this process, and discuss the ongoing research on the genetic underpinnings of edema formation in acute brain injury. The epsilon 2 and 4 variants within the Apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene are associated with worse outcome after traumatic brain injury and intracerebral hemorrhage, and recent studies link these polymorphisms to inflammatory processes that lead to blood-brain barrier disruption and vasogenic edema. For the Haptoglobin gene (HP), the Hp 2-2 genotype associates with worse outcome after acute brain injury, whereas the haptoglobin Hp 1-1 genotype correlates with increased edema in the early phases of intracerebral hemorrhage. Another important protein in cerebral edema is aquaporin 4, coded by the AQP4 gene. AQP4 mutations contribute to the formation of cytotoxic edema, and further genetic research is necessary to help elucidate the mediating mechanism. Findings supporting the target genes outlined above require replication in larger samples and evaluation in non-white populations. These next steps will be significantly facilitated by the rapid changes observed in the field of population genetics, including large international collaborations, open access to genetic data, and significant reductions in the cost of genotyping technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elayna Kirsch
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Division of Neurocritical Care & Emergency Neurology, Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, 15 York Street, LLCI Room 1004D, P.O. Box 20801, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Natalia Szejko
- Division of Neurocritical Care & Emergency Neurology, Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, 15 York Street, LLCI Room 1004D, P.O. Box 20801, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Bioethics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Guido J Falcone
- Division of Neurocritical Care & Emergency Neurology, Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, 15 York Street, LLCI Room 1004D, P.O. Box 20801, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
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Adler G, Mahmutbegovic E, Uzar I, Adler MA, Mahmutbegovic N, Valjevac A. First Bosnian Study of the Relationship between APOE rs7412 and rs429358 Variants and Pregnancy Loss. Folia Biol (Praha) 2018; 64:65-69. [PMID: 30338758 DOI: 10.14712/fb2018064020065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2024]
Abstract
Due to inconsistent results of APOE variants in the survival of pregnancy we investigated the potential relationship of APOE rs7412 and rs429358 with pregnancy loss (PL) in Bosnian women. We enrolled 154 women with PL. The minimum week of miscarriage was 6, while the maximum was 28. As a control group, an equal number of mothers with at least one live-born child was included. All women were recruited from the Institution of Health Protection of Women and Motherhood in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Genotyping was performed by real- time PCR at the Department of General Pharmacology and Pharmacoeconomics, Pomeranian Medical University. The prevalence of genotypes E2/E3, E2/E4, E3/E3, E3/E4, E4/E4 in the group with and without PL were: 14.3 %, 1.3 %, 70.8 %, 12.3 %, 1.3 %, and 13.6 %, 1.3 %, 70.1 %, 14.3 %, 0.7 %, respectively. The frequency of the E4/E4 genotype in women with 1-2 and 3-4 PL compared to women without PL did not differ significantly between those three groups (P value = 0.0712). The frequencies of alleles ԑ2, ԑ3, ԑ4 in the group with and without PL were: 6.8 %, 85.1 %, 8.1 % and 7.5 %, 84.1 %, 8.4 %, respectively, and did not differ significantly. We conclude that our study does not confirm rs7412 and rs429358 as a potential risk factor for PL in the studied group. To elucidate the relationship between PL and variants of the APOE gene, studies with a larger sample size and placental histomorphology and genetic diagnosis are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Adler
- Department of Studies in Antropogenetics and Biogerontology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - E Mahmutbegovic
- Institution of Health Protection of Women and Motherhood Canton Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - I Uzar
- Department of General Pharmacology and Pharmacoeconomics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - M A Adler
- Warsaw School of Economics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - N Mahmutbegovic
- Neurology Clinic, Clinical Center of University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - A Valjevac
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Center for Genetics, Medical Faculty, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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