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Than KZ, Muisuk K, Woravatin W, Suwannapoom C, Srikummool M, Srithawong S, Lorphengsy S, Kutanan W. Genetic Structure and Forensic Utility of 23 Autosomal STRs of the Ethnic Lao Groups From Laos and Thailand. Front Genet 2022; 13:954586. [PMID: 35873476 PMCID: PMC9300924 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.954586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The Lao Isan and Laotian are the major groups in the area of present-day northeastern Thailand and Laos, respectively. Several previous genetic and forensic studies indicated an admixed genetic structure of Lao Isan with the local Austroasiatic speaking groups, e.g. Khmer, whereas there is a paucity of reporting Laotian’s forensic short tandem repeats (STRs). Here, we newly generated 451 genotypes of seven Lao Isan and three Laotian populations (two Lao Lum and one Lao Thoeng) using 23 autosomal STRs embedded in VerifilerTM plus PCR Amplification kit. We reported allelic frequency and forensic parameters in different dataset: combined ethnic Lao groups, combined Lao Isan populations and combined Laotians. Overall, the forensic parameter results indicate that this set of STRs is suitable for forensic investigation. The anthropological results revealed the genetic homogeneity of Tai-Kadai speaking Lao groups from Thailand and Laos, consistent with previous studies, while the Austroasiatic speaking groups from southern Laos showed genetic relatedness to both Lao Isan and Khmer. In sum, STRs allelic frequency results can provide the genetic backgrounds of populations which is useful for anthropological research and also strengthens the regional forensic database in both countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaing Zin Than
- Biological Science Program, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kanha Muisuk
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Wipada Woravatin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Metawee Srikummool
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Suparat Srithawong
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sengvilay Lorphengsy
- The Biotechnology and Ecology Institute Ministry of Science and Technology, Vientiane, Laos
| | - Wibhu Kutanan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Wibhu Kutanan,
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Yao H, Wang M, Zou X, Li Y, Yang X, Li A, Yeh HY, Wang P, Wang Z, Bai J, Guo J, Chen J, Ding X, Zhang Y, Lin B, Wang CC, He G. New insights into the fine-scale history of western-eastern admixture of the northwestern Chinese population in the Hexi Corridor via genome-wide genetic legacy. Mol Genet Genomics 2021; 296:631-651. [PMID: 33650010 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-021-01767-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Trans-Eurasian cultural and genetic exchanges have significantly influenced the demographic dynamics of Eurasian populations. The Hexi Corridor, located along the southeastern edge of the Eurasian steppe, served as an important passage of the ancient Silk Road in Northwest China and intensified the transcontinental exchange and interaction between populations on the Central Plain and in Western Eurasia. Historical and archeological records indicate that the Western Eurasian cultural elements were largely brought into North China via this geographical corridor, but there is debate on the extent to which the spread of barley/wheat agriculture into North China and subsequent Bronze Age cultural and technological mixture/shifts were achieved by the movement of people or dissemination of ideas. Here, we presented higher-resolution genome-wide autosomal and uniparental Y/mtDNA SNP or STR data for 599 northwestern Han Chinese individuals and conducted 2 different comprehensive genetic studies among Neolithic-to-present-day Eurasians. Genetic studies based on lower-resolution STR markers via PCA, STRUCTURE, and phylogenetic trees showed that northwestern Han Chinese individuals had increased genetic homogeneity relative to northern Mongolic/Turkic/Tungusic speakers and Tibeto-Burman groups. The genomic signature constructed based on modern/ancient DNA further illustrated that the primary ancestry of the northwestern Han was derived from northern millet farmer ancestors, which was consistent with the hypothesis of Han origin in North China and more recent northwestward population expansion. This was subsequently confirmed via excess shared derived alleles in f3/f4 statistical analyses and by more northern East Asian-related ancestry in the qpAdm/qpGraph models. Interestingly, we identified one western Eurasian admixture signature that was present in northwestern Han but absent from southern Han, with an admixture time dated to approximately 1000 CE (Tang and Song dynasties). Generally, we provided supporting evidence that historic Trans-Eurasian communication was primarily maintained through population movement, not simply cultural diffusion. The observed population dynamics in northwestern Han Chinese not only support the North China origin hypothesis but also reflect the multiple sources of the genetic diversity observed in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Yao
- Belt and Road Research Center for Forensic Molecular Anthropology Gansu University of Political Science and Law, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Mengge Wang
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, West China School of Basic Science and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xing Zou
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, West China School of Basic Science and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yingxiang Li
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.,AnLan AI, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaomin Yang
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Ailin Li
- Belt and Road Research Center for Forensic Molecular Anthropology Gansu University of Political Science and Law, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hui-Yuan Yeh
- School of Humanities, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Peixin Wang
- College of Medical Information, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400331, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, West China School of Basic Science and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Jingya Bai
- Department of Medicine, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,Key Laboratory for Physique and Health of the Minorities, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Jianxin Guo
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jinwen Chen
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xiao Ding
- Belt and Road Research Center for Forensic Molecular Anthropology Gansu University of Political Science and Law, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Belt and Road Research Center for Forensic Molecular Anthropology Gansu University of Political Science and Law, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Baoquan Lin
- Belt and Road Research Center for Forensic Molecular Anthropology Gansu University of Political Science and Law, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Chuan-Chao Wang
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Guanglin He
- Belt and Road Research Center for Forensic Molecular Anthropology Gansu University of Political Science and Law, Lanzhou, 730000, China. .,Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
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Li L, Zou X, Zhang G, Wang H, Su Y, Wang M, He G. Population genetic analysis of Shaanxi male Han Chinese population reveals genetic differentiation and homogenization of East Asians. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1209. [PMID: 32163678 PMCID: PMC7216819 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shaanxi province, located in the upper Yellow River, has been evidenced as the geographic origin of Chinese civilization, Sino-Tibetan-speaking language, and foxtail or broomcorn millet farmers via the linguistic phylogenetic spectrum, archeological documents, and genetic evidence. Nowadays, Han Chinese is the dominant population in this area. The formation process of modern Shaanxi Han population reconstructed via the ancient DNA is on the way, however, the patterns of genetic relationships of modern Shaanxi Han, allele frequency distributions of high mutated short tandem repeats (STRs) and corresponding forensic parameters are remained to be explored. METHODS Here, we successfully genotyped 23 autosomal STRs in 630 unrelated Shaanxi male Han individuals using the recently updated Huaxia Platinum PCR amplification system. Forensic allele frequency and parameters of all autosomal STRs were assessed. And comprehensive population genetic structure was explored via various typical statistical technologies. RESULTS Population genetic analysis based on the raw-genotype dataset among 15,803 Eurasian individuals and frequency datasets among 56 populations generally illustrated that linguistic stratification is significantly associated with the genetic substructure of the East Asian population. Principal component analysis, multidimensional scaling plots and phylogenetic tree further demonstrated that Shaanxi Han has a close genetic relationship with geographically close Shanxi Han, and showed that Han Chinese is a homogeneous population during the historic and recent admixture from the STR variations. Except for Sinitic-speaking populations, Shaanxi Han harbored more alleles sharing with Tibeto-Burman-speaking populations than with other reference populations. Focused on the allele frequency correlation and forensic parameters, all loci are in accordance with the minimum requirements of HWE and LD. The observed combined probability of discrimination of 8.2201E-28 and the cumulative power of exclusion of 0.9999999995 in Shaanxi Han demonstrated that the studied STR loci are informative and polymorphic, and this system can be used as a powerful routine forensic tool in personal identification and parentage testing. CONCLUSION Both the geographical and linguistic divisions have shaped the genetic structure of modern East Asian. And more forensic reference data should be obtained for ethnically, culturally, geographically and linguistically different populations for better routine forensic practice and population genetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Li
- Department of PathologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Xing Zou
- Institute of Forensic MedicineWest China School of Basic Science and Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Guanjun Zhang
- Department of PathologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Department of PathologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Yongdong Su
- Forensic Identification CenterPublic Security Bureau of Tibet Tibetan Autonomous RegionLhasaTibet Tibetan Autonomous RegionChina
| | - Mengge Wang
- Institute of Forensic MedicineWest China School of Basic Science and Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Guanglin He
- Institute of Forensic MedicineWest China School of Basic Science and Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
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