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Dunbar A, Drigo B, Djordjevic SP, Donner E, Hoye BJ. Impacts of coprophagic foraging behaviour on the avian gut microbiome. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024; 99:582-597. [PMID: 38062990 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Avian gut microbial communities are complex and play a fundamental role in regulating biological functions within an individual. Although it is well established that diet can influence the structure and composition of the gut microbiota, foraging behaviour may also play a critical, yet unexplored role in shaping the composition, dynamics, and adaptive potential of avian gut microbiota. In this review, we examine the potential influence of coprophagic foraging behaviour on the establishment and adaptability of wild avian gut microbiomes. Coprophagy involves the ingestion of faeces, sourced from either self (autocoprophagy), conspecific animals (allocoprophagy), or heterospecific animals. Much like faecal transplant therapy, coprophagy may (i) support the establishment of the gut microbiota of young precocial species, (ii) directly and indirectly provide nutritional and energetic requirements, and (iii) represent a mechanism by which birds can rapidly adapt the microbiota to changing environments and diets. However, in certain contexts, coprophagy may also pose risks to wild birds, and their microbiomes, through increased exposure to chemical pollutants, pathogenic microbes, and antibiotic-resistant microbes, with deleterious effects on host health and performance. Given the potentially far-reaching consequences of coprophagy for avian microbiomes, and the dearth of literature directly investigating these links, we have developed a predictive framework for directing future research to understand better when and why wild birds engage in distinct types of coprophagy, and the consequences of this foraging behaviour. There is a need for comprehensive investigation into the influence of coprophagy on avian gut microbiotas and its effects on host health and performance throughout ontogeny and across a range of environmental perturbations. Future behavioural studies combined with metagenomic approaches are needed to provide insights into the function of this poorly understood behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Dunbar
- Future Industries Institute (FII), University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, GPO Box 2471 5095, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Barbara Drigo
- Future Industries Institute (FII), University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, GPO Box 2471 5095, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia
| | - Steven P Djordjevic
- Australian Institute for Microbiology and Infection, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Ultimo, New South Wales, 2007, Australia
- Australian Centre for Genomic Epidemiological Microbiology, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Ultimo, New South Wales, 2007, Australia
| | - Erica Donner
- Future Industries Institute (FII), University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, GPO Box 2471 5095, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Solving Antimicrobial Resistance in Agribusiness, Food, and Environments (CRC SAAFE), University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471 5095, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Bethany J Hoye
- School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia
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Moura Q, Fernandes MR, Sellera FP, Cardoso B, Nascimento CL, Dutra GHP, Lincopan N. Genomic Features of an MDR Escherichia coli ST5506 Harboring an IncHI2/In 229/ blaCTX-M-2 Array Isolated from a Migratory Black Skimmer. Pathogens 2024; 13:63. [PMID: 38251370 PMCID: PMC10821149 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Migratory birds have contributed to the dissemination of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria across the continents. A CTX-M-2-producing Escherichia coli was isolated from a black skimmer (Rynchops niger) in Southeast Brazil. The whole genome was sequenced using the Illumina NextSeq platform and de novo assembled by CLC. Bioinformatic analyses were carried out using tools from the Center for Genomic Epidemiology. The genome size was estimated at 4.9 Mb, with 4790 coding sequences. A wide resistome was detected, with genes encoding resistance to several clinically significant antimicrobials, heavy metals, and biocides. The blaCTX-M-2 gene was inserted in an In229 class 1 integron inside a ∆TnAs3 transposon located in an IncHI2/ST2 plasmid. The strain was assigned to ST5506, CH type fumC19/fimH32, serotype O8:K87, and phylogroup B1. Virulence genes associated with survival in acid conditions, increased serum survival, and adherence were also identified. These data highlight the role of migratory seabirds as reservoirs and carriers of antimicrobial resistance determinants and can help to elucidate the antimicrobial resistance dynamics under a One Health perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quézia Moura
- Federal Institute of Espírito Santo, Vila Velha 29106-010, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Infectious Diseases, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 29047-105, Brazil
| | - Miriam R. Fernandes
- Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-9760, USA;
| | - Fábio P. Sellera
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, Brazil;
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Metropolitan University of Santos, Santos 11045-002, Brazil
| | - Brenda Cardoso
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | | | - Gustavo H. P. Dutra
- Veterinary Unit of Santos Aquarium, Santos 11030-600, Brazil; (C.L.N.); (G.H.P.D.)
| | - Nilton Lincopan
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
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Ahmed NA, Gulhan T. Determination of antibiotic resistance patterns and genotypes of Escherichia coli isolated from wild birds. MICROBIOME 2024; 12:8. [PMID: 38191447 PMCID: PMC10773086 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01729-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curbing the potential negative impact of antibiotic resistance, one of our era's growing global public health crises, requires regular monitoring of the resistance situations, including the reservoir of resistance genes. Wild birds, a possible bioindicator of antibiotic resistance, have been suggested to play a role in the dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Therefore, this study was conducted with the objective of determining the phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistance profiles of 100 Escherichia coli isolates of gull and pigeon origin by using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and PCR. Furthermore, the genetic relationships of the isolates were determined by RAPD-PCR. RESULTS Phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed that 63% (63/100) and 29% (29/100) of E. coli isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic and multidrug-resistant (MDR), respectively. With the exception of cephalothin, to which the E. coli isolates were 100% susceptible, tetracycline (52%), kanamycin (38%), streptomycin (37%), ampicillin (28%), chloramphenicol (21%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (19%), gentamicin (13%), enrofloxacin (12%) and ciprofloxacin (12%) resistances were detected at varying degrees. Among the investigated resistance genes, tet(B) (66%), tet(A) (63%), aphA1 (48%), sul3 (34%), sul2 (26%), strA/strB (24%) and sul1 (16%) were detected. Regarding the genetic diversity of the isolates, the RAPD-PCR-based dendrograms divided both pigeon and gull isolates into five different clusters based on a 70% similarity threshold. Dendrogram analysis revealed 47-100% similarities among pigeon-origin strains and 40-100% similarities among gull-origin E.coli strains. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that gulls and pigeons carry MDR E. coli isolates, which may pose a risk to animal and human health by contaminating the environment with their feces. However, a large-scale epidemiological study investigating the genetic relationship of the strains from a "one health" point of view is warranted to determine the possible transmission patterns of antibiotic-resistant bacteria between wild birds, the environment, humans, and other hosts. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nejash A Ahmed
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey.
- Daro Lebu District Agriculture Office, Mechara-Micheta, Ethiopia.
| | - Timur Gulhan
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
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Wang X, Zhao J, Ji F, Wang M, Wu B, Qin J, Dong G, Zhao R, Wang C. Genomic Characteristics and Molecular Epidemiology of Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains Carried by Wild Birds. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0269122. [PMID: 36840587 PMCID: PMC10101063 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02691-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the relationship between wild birds and the transmission of multidrug-resistant strains. Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated from fresh feces of captured wild birds and assessed by the broth microdilution method and comparative genomics. Four Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates showed different resistance phenotypes; S90-2 and S141 were both resistant to ampicillin, cefuroxime, and cefazolin, while M911-1 and S130-1 were sensitive to most of the 14 antibiotics tested. S90-2 belongs to sequence type 629 (ST629), and its genome includes 30 resistance genes, including blaCTX-M-14 and blaSHV-11, while its plasmid pS90-2.3 (IncR) carries qacEdelta1, sul1, and aph(3')-Ib. S141 belongs to ST1662, and its genome includes a total of 27 resistance genes, including blaSHV-217. M911-1 is a new ST, carrying blaSHV-1 and fosA6, and its plasmid pM911-1.1 (novel) carries qnrS1, blaLAP-2, and tet(A). S130-1 belongs to ST3753, carrying blaSHV-11 and fosA6, and its plasmid pS130-1 [IncFIB(K)] carries only one resistance gene, tet(A). pM911-1.1 and pS90-2.3 do not have conjugative transfer ability, but their resistance gene fragments are derived from multiple homologous Enterobacteriaceae strain chromosomes or plasmids, and the formation of resistance gene fragments (multidrug resistance region) involves interactions between multiple mobile element genes, resulting in a complex and diverse resistance plasmid structure. The homologous plasmids related to pM911-1.1 and pS90-2.3 were mainly from isolated human-infecting bacteria in China, namely, K. pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. The multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates carried by wild birds in this study had drug resistance phenotypes conferred primarily by multidrug resistance plasmids that were closely related to human-infecting bacteria. IMPORTANCE Little is known about the pathogenic microorganisms carried by wild animals. This study found that the multidrug resistance phenotype of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates carried by wild birds was mainly attributed to multidrug resistance plasmids, and these multidrug resistance plasmids from wild birds were closely related to human-infecting bacteria. Wild bird habitats overlap to a great extent with human and livestock habitats, which further increases the potential for horizontal transfer of multidrug-resistant bacteria among humans, animals, and the environment. Therefore, wild birds, as potential transmission hosts of multidrug-resistant bacteria, should be given attention and monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianan Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Ji
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Qin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - Guoying Dong
- College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruili Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chengmin Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
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Suárez-Pérez A, Corbera JA, González-Martín M, Tejedor-Junco MT. Antimicrobial resistance patterns of bacteria isolated from chicks of Canarian Egyptian vultures (Neophron percnopterus majorensis): A "one health" problem? Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 92:101925. [PMID: 36525767 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2022.101925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from cloacal samples of chicks of Canarian Egyptian vultures was investigated. Prevalence of Salmonella was also studied. Forty-seven isolates, obtained from 23 animals, were analysed. Escherichia coli (n = 29), Proteus mirabilis (n = 17) and Salmonella spp. (n = 1) were identified using API 20E system. Antimicrobial susceptibility to 13 antibiotics included in nine different categories was determined using disk-diffusion technique. The higher percentages of susceptible E. coli isolates were found for aminoglycosides and cefoxitin, and the lower ones were found for ampicillin, enrofloxacin and tetracycline. Proteus mirabilis isolates were susceptible to most of antimicrobials tested. Multidrug resistance patterns were found in 13 E. coli and four Proteus mirabilis. Salmonella spp. was detected in one chick (4.37%), and the isolate was also resistant to ampicillin and tetracycline. Thirteen E. coli isolates and four Proteus isolates showed a multidrug-resistance pattern, being resistant at least to one antibiotic in three or more different antimicrobial categories. This high level of antibiotic resistance in chickens of an endangered bird may be a limitation for possible treatments of infections in this species, as well as representing a source of resistant bacteria for animal care staff and for other animals in wildlife recovery centres. A "One Health" approach to this problem is necessary to reduce the levels of antimicrobial resistance in wild birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Suárez-Pérez
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Producción Animal, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos. Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Juan Alberto Corbera
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Producción Animal, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos. Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias. Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Margarita González-Martín
- Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas. Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias. Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - María Teresa Tejedor-Junco
- Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas. Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias. Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
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Interspecies Transmission of CMY-2-Producing Escherichia coli Sequence Type 963 Isolates between Humans and Gulls in Australia. mSphere 2022; 7:e0023822. [PMID: 35862807 PMCID: PMC9429958 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00238-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We have provided the first comprehensive genomic study of
E. coli
ST963 by analyzing various genomic and phenotypic data sets of isolates from Australian silver gulls and comparison with genomes from geographically dispersed regions of human and animal origin. Our study suggests the emergence of a specific
bla
CMY-2
-carrying
E. coli
ST963 clone in Australia that is widely spread across the continent by humans and birds.
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7
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Bong CW, Low KY, Chai LC, Lee CW. Prevalence and Diversity of Antibiotic Resistant Escherichia coli From Anthropogenic-Impacted Larut River. Front Public Health 2022; 10:794513. [PMID: 35356018 PMCID: PMC8960044 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.794513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquatic environments, under frequent anthropogenic pressure, could serve as reservoirs that provide an ideal condition for the acquisition and dissemination of antibiotic resistance genetic determinants. We investigated the prevalence and diversity of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli by focusing on their genetic diversity, virulence, and resistance genes in anthropogenic-impacted Larut River. The abundance of E. coli ranged from (estimated count) Est 1 to 4.7 × 105 (colony-forming units per 100 ml) CFU 100 ml−1 to Est 1 to 4.1 × 105 CFU 100 ml−1 with phylogenetic group B1 (46.72%), and A (34.39%) being the most predominant. The prevalence of multiple antibiotic resistance phenotypes of E. coli, with the presence of tet and sul resistance genes, was higher in wastewater effluents than in the river waters. These findings suggested that E. coli could be an important carrier of the resistance genes in freshwater river environments. The phylogenetic composition of E. coli and resistance genes was associated with physicochemical properties and antibiotic residues. These findings indicated that the anthropogenic inputs exerted an effect on the E. coli phylogroup composition, diversification of multiple antibiotic resistance phenotypes, and the distribution of resistance genes in the Larut River.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chui Wei Bong
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Chui Wei Bong ;
| | - Kyle Young Low
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lay Ching Chai
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Choon Weng Lee
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Nowaczek A, Dec M, Stępień-Pyśniak D, Urban-Chmiel R, Marek A, Różański P. Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Profiles of Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Wild Birds in Poland. Pathogens 2021; 10:1059. [PMID: 34451523 PMCID: PMC8400592 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10081059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild animals are increasingly reported as carriers of antibiotic-resistant and pathogenic bacteria including Enterobacteriaceae. However, the role of free-living birds as reservoirs for potentially dangerous microbes is not yet thoroughly understood. In our work, we examined Escherichia coli strains from wild birds in Poland in relation to their antimicrobial agents susceptibility, virulence and phylogenetic affiliation. Identification of E. coli was performed using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was determined by the broth microdilution method, and resistance and virulence genes were detected by PCR. E. coli bacteria were isolated from 32 of 34 samples. The strains were most often classified into phylogenetic groups B1 (50%) and A (25%). Resistance to tetracycline (50%), ciprofloxacin (46.8%), gentamicin (34.3%) and ampicillin (28.1%) was most frequently reported, and as many as 31.2% of E. coli isolates exhibited a multidrug resistance phenotype. Among resistance genes, sul2 (31.2% of isolates) and blaTEM (28.1%) were identified most frequently, while irp-2 (31.2%) and ompT (28.1%) were the most common virulence-associated genes. Five strains were included in the APEC group. The study indicates that wild birds can be carriers of potentially dangerous E. coli strains and vectors for the spread of resistant bacteria and resistance determinants in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nowaczek
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (A.N.); (D.S.-P.); (R.U.-C.); (A.M.)
| | - Marta Dec
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (A.N.); (D.S.-P.); (R.U.-C.); (A.M.)
| | - Dagmara Stępień-Pyśniak
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (A.N.); (D.S.-P.); (R.U.-C.); (A.M.)
| | - Renata Urban-Chmiel
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (A.N.); (D.S.-P.); (R.U.-C.); (A.M.)
| | - Agnieszka Marek
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (A.N.); (D.S.-P.); (R.U.-C.); (A.M.)
| | - Paweł Różański
- Department of Animal Hygiene and Environmental Hazards, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
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Toombs-Ruane LJ, Benschop J, French NP, Biggs PJ, Midwinter AC, Marshall JC, Chan M, Drinković D, Fayaz A, Baker MG, Douwes J, Roberts MG, Burgess SA. Carriage of Extended-Spectrum-Beta-Lactamase- and AmpC Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Strains from Humans and Pets in the Same Households. Appl Environ Microbiol 2020; 86:e01613-20. [PMID: 33036993 PMCID: PMC7688229 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01613-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)- or AmpC beta-lactamase (ACBL)-producing Escherichia coli bacteria are the most common cause of community-acquired multidrug-resistant urinary tract infections (UTIs) in New Zealand. The carriage of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria has been found in both people and pets from the same household; thus, the home environment may be a place where antimicrobial-resistant bacteria are shared between humans and pets. In this study, we sought to determine whether members (pets and people) of the households of human index cases with a UTI caused by an ESBL- or ACBL-producing E. coli strain also carried an ESBL- or ACBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae strain and, if so, whether it was a clonal match to the index case clinical strain. Index cases with a community-acquired UTI were recruited based on antimicrobial susceptibility testing of urine isolates. Fecal samples were collected from 18 non-index case people and 36 pets across 27 households. Eleven of the 27 households screened had non-index case household members (8/18 people and 5/36 animals) positive for ESBL- and/or ACBL-producing E. coli strains. Whole-genome sequence analysis of 125 E. coli isolates (including the clinical urine isolates) from these 11 households showed that within seven households, the same strain of ESBL-/ACBL-producing E. coli was cultured from both the index case and another person (5/11 households) or pet dog (2/11 households). These results suggest that transmission within the household may contribute to the community spread of ESBL- or ACBL-producing E. coliIMPORTANCEEnterobacteriaceae that produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC beta-lactamases (ACBLs) are important pathogens and can cause community-acquired illnesses, such as urinary tract infections (UTIs). Fecal carriage of these resistant bacteria by companion animals may pose a risk for transmission to humans. Our work evaluated the sharing of ESBL- and ACBL-producing E. coli isolates between humans and companion animals. We found that in some households, dogs carried the same strain of ESBL-producing E. coli as the household member with a UTI. This suggests that transmission events between humans and animals (or vice versa) are likely occurring within the home environment and, therefore, the community as a whole. This is significant from a health perspective, when considering measures to minimize community transmission, and highlights that in order to manage community spread, we need to consider interventions at the household level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah J Toombs-Ruane
- EpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Jackie Benschop
- EpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Nigel P French
- EpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Patrick J Biggs
- EpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Anne C Midwinter
- EpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan C Marshall
- EpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Maggie Chan
- EpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Dragana Drinković
- Microbiology Department, North Shore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ahmed Fayaz
- EpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Michael G Baker
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Jeroen Douwes
- Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Mick G Roberts
- School of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University, Albany, New Zealand
| | - Sara A Burgess
- EpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Loncaric I, Misic D, Szostak MP, Künzel F, Schäfer-Somi S, Spergser J. Broad-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant and/or Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Enterobacterales Associated with Canine and Feline Urogenital Infections. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E387. [PMID: 32645942 PMCID: PMC7399855 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9070387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to characterize Enterobacterales resistant to 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins, carbapenems and/or fluoroquinolones, isolated from dogs and cats with urogenital infections. In total, 36 strains (Escherichia coli (n = 28), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 3), Serratia marcescens, Raoultella ornithinolytica, Proteus mirabilis, Citrobacter portucalensis and Enterobacter cloacae (each n = 1)) were included in the present study, 28 from Austria and 8 from Serbia. Isolates were characterized by a polyphasic approach including susceptibility pheno- and genotyping and microarray-based assays. Escherichia (E.) coli isolates were additionally characterized by two-locus (fumC and fimH) sequence phylotyping and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) of selected isolates. MLST of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae isolates was also performed. Among E. coli, the most dominant phylogenetic group was B1 (27.8%), followed by C, (16.6%), A and Clade II (5.5% each), B2 and F (2.77% each). The most predominant β-lactam resistance genes were blaTEM (70%) and blaCTX-M (38.8%), blaCMY (25%). blaNDM was detected in one carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae ST114. The most common ST among selected E. coli was 744 (10.7% isolates). The pandemic clones ST131 and ST648 carrying CTX-M-15 were also detected. Remaining STs belonged to 469, 1287, 1463 and 1642. E. coli clonotyping revealed 20 CH types. Based on the presence of certain virulence genes, three isolates were categorized as ExPEC/UPEC. The most prevalent virulence factors were fimH detected in 61%, iucD and iss both in 55%, iroN in 27.8%, papC in 13.8% and sat in 8.3% isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Loncaric
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Dusan Misic
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland;
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Michael P. Szostak
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Frank Künzel
- Clinic for Small Animals, Internal Medicine Unit, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Sabine Schäfer-Somi
- Department for Small Animals and Horses, Platform for AI and ET, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Joachim Spergser
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.S.); (J.S.)
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11
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Fuentes-Castillo D, Navas-Suárez PE, Gondim MF, Esposito F, Sacristán C, Fontana H, Fuga B, Piovani C, Kooij R, Lincopan N, Catão-Dias JL. Genomic characterization of multidrug-resistant ESBL-producing Escherichia coli ST58 causing fatal colibacillosis in critically endangered Brazilian merganser (Mergus octosetaceus). Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 68:258-266. [PMID: 32544292 PMCID: PMC8246901 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Even though antimicrobial‐resistant bacteria have begun to be detected in wildlife, raising important issues related to their transmission and persistence of clinically important pathogens in the environment, little is known about the role of these bacteria on wildlife health, especially on endangered species. The Brazilian merganser (Mergus octosetaceus) is one of the most threatened waterfowl in the world, classified as Critically Endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. In 2019, a fatal case of sepsis was diagnosed in an 8‐day‐old Brazilian merganser inhabiting a zoological park. At necropsy, major gross lesions were pulmonary and hepatic congestion. Using microbiologic and genomic methods, we identified a multidrug‐resistant (MDR) extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase (ESBL) CTX‐M‐8‐producing Escherichia coli (designed as PMPU strain) belonging to the international clone ST58, in coelomic cavity, oesophagus, lungs, small intestine and cloaca samples. PMPU strain harboured a broad resistome against antibiotics (cephalosporins, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, sulphonamides, trimethoprim and quinolones), domestic/hospital disinfectants and heavy metals (arsenic, mercury, lead, copper and silver). Additionally, the virulence of E. coli PMPU strain was confirmed using a wax moth (Galleria mellonella) infection model, and it was supported by the presence of virulence genes encoding toxins, adherence factors, invasins and iron acquisition systems. Broad resistome and virulome of PMPU contributed to therapeutic failure and death of the animal. In brief, we report for the first time a fatal colibacillosis by MDR ESBL‐producing E. coli in critically endangered Brazilian merganser, highlighting that besides colonization, critical priority pathogens are threatening wildlife. E. coli ST58 clone has been previously reported in humans, food‐producing animals, wildlife and environment, supporting broad adaptation and persistence at human–animal–environment interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Fuentes-Castillo
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro Enrique Navas-Suárez
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Esposito
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Clinical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Sacristán
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Herrison Fontana
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Clinical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Fuga
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Clinical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Nilton Lincopan
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Clinical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Catão-Dias
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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12
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Borges CA, Tarlton NJ, Riley LW. Escherichia coli from Commercial Broiler and Backyard Chickens Share Sequence Types, Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles, and Resistance Genes with Human Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2019; 16:813-822. [PMID: 31411497 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2019.2680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli recovered from poultry, and extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC), responsible for most cases of urinary tract infection (UTI) and bloodstream infection (BSI) in humans, may share genetic characteristics, suggesting that poultry are a potential source of ExPEC. Here, we compared E. coli isolated from commercial broiler and backyard chickens (n = 111) with ExPEC isolated from patients with community- or hospital-acquired UTI or BSI (n = 149) from Southeast Brazil. Isolates were genotyped by multilocus sequence typing, tested for susceptibility to antimicrobial agents, and screened for β-lactamase genes. We found that 10 genotypes were shared among poultry and human isolates: sequence type (ST) 10, ST48, ST58, ST88, ST90, ST93, ST131, ST602, ST617, and ST1018. Thirty-five (23%) ExPEC and 35 (31%) poultry E. coli isolates belonged to the shared STs. ST58 and ST88 isolates from human and poultry sources shared identical antimicrobial resistance profiles. blaTEM-1 was the most prevalent β-lactamase gene, identified in 65 (92%) of 71 ExPEC and 29 (67%) of 43 poultry E. coli that tested positive for β-lactamase genes. Commercial broiler chicken isolates shared the extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes blaCTX-M-2, blaCTX-M-8, and blaSHV-2 with human isolates; backyard chicken isolates lacked ESBL genes. In conclusion, several genotypic and phenotypic characteristics were shared between human and poultry E. coli; this suggests that there is potential for transmission of E. coli and antimicrobial resistance genes from poultry to humans, perhaps through environmental contamination, direct contact, or consumption. Additional research is needed to understand the potential direction and pathways of transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa A Borges
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Nicole J Tarlton
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Lee W Riley
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
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13
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Batalha de Jesus AA, Freitas AAR, de Souza JC, Martins N, Botelho LAB, Girão VBC, Teixeira LM, Riley LW, Moreira BM. High-Level Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolates from Wild Birds in a Large Urban Environment. Microb Drug Resist 2018; 25:167-172. [PMID: 30234422 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2018.0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intensive clinical use of antibiotics together with inadequate sanitation in an urban environment may contribute to the dissemination of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in the community. Wild birds living in these areas may become colonized with such organisms and further disseminate these resistant bacteria. In this study, we examined Escherichia coli isolates from the intestine of wild birds in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, for those expressing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), carbapenemase, and other drug resistances. We obtained 353 E. coli isolates from 112 birds admitted to three wildlife centers in Rio de Janeiro state, from July 2010 to December 2013. MDR isolates were found in 43 (38%) birds, including 14 carrying E. coli isolates that expressed ESBL. All ESBL-encoding genes were blaCTX-M type, and no carbapenemase-producing isolates were found. MDR isolates belonged to a variety of lineages. Multilocus sequence type clonal complexes 648 and 155 accounted for carriage in 9 (21%) of 43 birds with MDR isolates. The study birds were nonmigratory, and the bacteria obtained from them likely mirrored urban circulating genotypes. Altogether, these findings indicate a high level of environmental contamination with clinically relevant drug resistance genes in Rio de Janeiro. A large proportion of the MDR strains belonged to clonal lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juliana Carmo de Souza
- 1 Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Natacha Martins
- 1 Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lucia Martins Teixeira
- 1 Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lee Woodland Riley
- 2 School of Public Health, University of California , Berkeley, California
| | - Beatriz Meurer Moreira
- 1 Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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14
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Captive and free-living urban pigeons (Columba livia) from Brazil as carriers of multidrug-resistant pathogenic Escherichia coli. Vet J 2016; 219:65-67. [PMID: 28093116 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Thirty Escherichia coli isolates from captive and free-living pigeons in Brazil were characterised. Virulence-associated genes identified in pigeons included those which occur relatively frequently in avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) from commercial poultry worldwide. Eleven of 30 E. coli isolates from pigeons, belonging mainly to B1 and B2 phylogenetic groups, had high or intermediate pathogenicity for 1-day-old chicks. The frequency of multi-drug resistant (MDR) E. coli in captive pigeons was relatively high and included one isolate positive for the extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) gene blaCTX-M-8. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) showed high heterogeneity among isolates. There is potential for pigeons to transmit antibiotic resistant pathogenic E. coli to other species through environmental contamination or direct contact.
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