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Khatamidoost Z, Darehkordi A, Saremi H, Heydari R. A Novel Bis-Trifluoromethylated Compound Demonstrates High Efficacy as a Nematicide Against Root-Knot Nematodes on Pistachio, Supported by Docking Studies. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 114:1244-1252. [PMID: 38916562 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-08-23-0274-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Three novel trifluoromethylated compounds were designed and synthesized by reacting trifluoroacetimidoyl chloride derivatives with acetamidine hydrochloride or thiourea in the presence of potassium carbonate or sodium hydrogen carbonate as a base. In vitro and in vivo assays demonstrated the efficacy of the tested compounds in controlling root-knot nematode disease on pistachio rootstocks caused by Meloidogyne incognita. Bis-trifluoromethylated derivatives, namely N,N''-thiocarbonylbis(N'-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroacetimidamide) (compound A1), showed high efficacy as novel and promising nematicides, achieving up to 78.28% control at a concentration of 0.042 mg/liter. This effect is attributed to four methyl and two trifluoromethyl groups. In the pre-inoculation application of compound A1, all three concentrations (0.033, 0.037, and 0.042 mg/liter, and Velum) exhibited a higher level of control, with 83.79, 87.46, and 80.73% control, respectively. In the microplot trials, compound A1 effectively reduced population levels of M. incognita and enhanced plant growth at a concentration of 0.037 mg/liter. This suggests that compound A1 has the potential to inhibit hedgehog protein and could be utilized to prevent the progression of root-knot disease. Furthermore, the molecular docking results revealed that compounds A1 and A3 interact with specific amino acid residues (Gln60, Asp530, Glu70, Arg520, and Thr510) located in the active site of hedgehog protein. Based on the experimental findings of this study, compound A1 shows promise as a lead compound for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynab Khatamidoost
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Tehran, Karaj, 4111, Iran
| | - Ali Darehkordi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Vali-E-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, 77176, Iran
| | - Hossein Saremi
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Tehran, Karaj, 4111, Iran
| | - Ramin Heydari
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Tehran, Karaj, 4111, Iran
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Mu RF, Hua J, Li D, Luo SH, Chen YG, Jing SX, Liu Y, Li SH. Nematicidal Activity of 20-Deoxyingenol-3-angelate from Euphorbia peplus Latex Through Protein Kinase C Isotype TPA-1. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:9746-9754. [PMID: 38602331 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The latex of Euphorbia peplus and its major component 20-deoxyingenol-3-angelate (DI3A) displayed significant nematicidal activity against Caenorhabditis elegans and Panagrellus redivivus. DI3A treatment inhibited the growth and development of nematodes and caused significantly negative effects on locomotion behavior, reproduction, and accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Transcriptome analysis indicated that differential expression genes in DI3A-treated C. elegans were mainly associated with the metabolism, growth, and development process, which were further confirmed by RT-qPCR experiments. The expression level of TPA-1 gene encoding a protein kinase C isotype was obviously upregulated by DI3A treatment, and knockdown of TPA-1 by RNAi technology in the nematode could relieve the growth-inhibitory effect of DI3A. Metabolic analysis indicated that DI3A was hardly metabolized by C. elegans, but a glycosylated indole derivative was specifically accumulated likely due to the activation of detoxification. Overall, our findings suggested that DI3A from E. peplus latex exerted a potent nematicidal effect through the gene TPA-1, which provides a potential target for the control of nematodes and also suggests the potential application value of E. peplus latex and DI3A as botanical nematicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Fang Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Juan Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, P. R. China
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, P. R. China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, and Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Hong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, P. R. China
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Gui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Xi Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, P. R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, and Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, and Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
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Boffa L, Binello A, Cravotto G. Efficient Capture of Cannabis Terpenes in Olive Oil during Microwave-Assisted Cannabinoid Decarboxylation. Molecules 2024; 29:899. [PMID: 38398651 PMCID: PMC10893475 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of selective extraction protocols for Cannabis-inflorescence constituents is still a significant challenge. The characteristic Cannabis fragrance can be mainly ascribed to monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and oxygenated terpenoids. This work investigates the entrapment of Cannabis terpenes in olive oil from inflorescences via stripping under mild vacuum during the rapid microwave-assisted decarboxylation of cannabinoids (MW, 120 °C, 30 min) and after subsequent extraction of cannabinoids (60 and 100 °C). The profiles of the volatiles collected in the oil samples before and after the extraction step were evaluated using static headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME), followed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Between the three fractions obtained, the first shows the highest volatile content (~37,400 mg/kg oil), with α-pinene, β-pinene, β-myrcene, limonene and trans-β-caryophyllene as the main components. The MW-assisted extraction at 60 and 100 °C of inflorescences using the collected oil fractions allowed an increase of 70% and 86% of total terpene content, respectively. Considering the initial terpene amount of 91,324.7 ± 2774.4 mg/kg dry inflorescences, the percentage of recovery after decarboxylation was close to 58% (mainly monoterpenes), while it reached nearly 100% (including sesquiterpenes) after extraction. The selective and efficient extraction of volatile compounds, while avoiding direct contact between the matrix and extraction solvents, paves the way for specific applications in various aromatic plants. In this context, aromatized extracts can be employed to create innovative Cannabis-based products within the hemp processing industry, as well as in perfumery, cosmetics, dietary supplements, food, and the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Giancarlo Cravotto
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy; (L.B.); (A.B.)
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Fatima T, Fatima Z, Hameed S. Abrogation of efflux pump activity, biofilm formation, and immune escape by candidacidal geraniol in emerging superbug, Candida auris. Int Microbiol 2023; 26:881-891. [PMID: 36847907 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00343-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
During the last decade, Candida auris emerged as a threatening human fungal pathogen that notably caused outbreaks around the globe with high mortality. Considering C. auris species as newly discovered fungi, the evolutionary features remain elusive. The antifungal resistance which is a norm in C. auris underlines the need for innovative therapeutic options. ATP Binding Cassette (ABC) superfamily efflux pumps overexpression and biofilms are known to be major contributors to multidrug resistance (MDR) in C. auris. Therefore, herein, we investigated the antifungal potential of geraniol (Ger) as a promising natural compound in the fight against MDR C. auris. Our experiments proved that Ger was fungicidal in nature and impaired rhodamine 6G (R6G) efflux, confirming the specific effect on ABC transporters. Kinetic studies unravelled the competitive mode of inhibition by Ger for R6G efflux since the apparent Km increased with no change in Vmax value. Mechanistic insights also revealed that Ger depleted ergosterol content in C. auris. Furthermore, Ger led to inhibition in biofilm formation as evident from crystal violet staining, biofilm metabolic and biomass measurements. Additionally, enhanced survival of Caenorhabditis elegans model after C. auris infection demonstrated the in vivo efficacy of Ger. Lastly, the in vivo efficacy was confirmed from a THP-1 cell line model which depicted enhanced macrophage-mediated killing in the presence of Ger. Modulation of C. auris efflux pump activity and biofilm formation by Ger represents a promising approach to combat MDR. Together, this study demonstrated the potential therapeutic insights of Ger as a promising addition to the antifungal armamentarium required to treat emerging and resistant C. auris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tazeen Fatima
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Gurugram (Manesar), - 122413, India
| | - Zeeshan Fatima
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Gurugram (Manesar), - 122413, India.
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha, - 61922, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Saif Hameed
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Gurugram (Manesar), - 122413, India.
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Serdeiro MT, Dias TD, de Lima NTR, Barbosa-Filho JM, Belato RDS, dos Santos-Mallet JR, Maleck M. Study on Morphological Changes and Interference in the Development of Aedes aegypti Caused by Some Essential Oil Constituents. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:440. [PMID: 37755901 PMCID: PMC10534875 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8090440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika are arboviruses, transmitted by the mosquito Aedes aegypti, that cause high mortality and serious health consequences in human populations. Efforts to control Ae. aegypti are important for preventing outbreaks of these diseases. Essential oil constituents are known to exhibit many activities, such as their use as larvicides. Given their potential, the present study aimed to characterize the larvicidal effect of dihydrojasmone, p-cymene, carvacrol, thymol, farnesol and nerolidol on the larvae of Ae. aegypti and their interference over the morphology of the mosquitos. The essential oil constituents were dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide at concentrations of 1-100 μg/mL and were applied in the breeding environment of third-stage larvae. The larvae from bioassays were fixed, dehydrated and embedded. Ultrathin sections were contrasted using 5% uranyl acetate and 1% lead citrate for observation through transmission electron microscopy. The oil with the highest larvicidal efficiency was found to be nerolidol, followed by farnesol, p-cymene, carvacrol, thymol and dihydrojasmone, with an LC50 of 11, 21, 23, 40, 45 and 66 µg/mL, respectively. The treated Ae. aegypti larvae caused alteration to the tegument or internal portions of larvae. The present study demonstrated which of these oils-dihydrojasmone, farnesol, thymol, p-cymene, carvacrol and nerolidol-have effective larvicidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Teixeira Serdeiro
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Vigilância Entomológica em Diptera e Hemiptera, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
- Laboratório de Insetos Vetores, Campus Vassouras and Campus Maricá, Universidade de Vassouras, Vassouras 27700-000, Brazil
| | - Thiago Dutra Dias
- Laboratório de Insetos Vetores, Campus Vassouras and Campus Maricá, Universidade de Vassouras, Vassouras 27700-000, Brazil
- Mestrado Profissional em Ciências Ambientais, Universidade de Vassouras, Rio de Janeiro 27700-000, Brazil
| | | | - José Maria Barbosa-Filho
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa 58000-900, Brazil
| | - Renato de Souza Belato
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Vigilância Entomológica em Diptera e Hemiptera, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
- Laboratório de Vigilância e Biodiversidade em Saúde, Universidade de Iguaçu, Nova Iguaçu 26260-045, Brazil
| | - Jacenir Reis dos Santos-Mallet
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Vigilância Entomológica em Diptera e Hemiptera, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
- Laboratório de Vigilância e Biodiversidade em Saúde, Universidade de Iguaçu, Nova Iguaçu 26260-045, Brazil
| | - Marise Maleck
- Laboratório de Insetos Vetores, Campus Vassouras and Campus Maricá, Universidade de Vassouras, Vassouras 27700-000, Brazil
- Mestrado Profissional em Ciências Ambientais, Universidade de Vassouras, Rio de Janeiro 27700-000, Brazil
- Laboratório de Entomologia Médica e Forense, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
- Colégio Pedro II, Campo de São Cristóvão, Rio de Janeiro 20921-440, Brazil
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Qu L, Dai K, Wang J, Cao L, Rao Z, Han R. Microbial landscapes of the rhizosphere soils and roots of Luffa cylindrica plant associated with Meloidogyne incognita. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1168179. [PMID: 37303801 PMCID: PMC10247985 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1168179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The root-knot nematodes (RKN), especially Meloidogyne spp., are globally emerging harmful animals for many agricultural crops. Methods To explore microbial agents for biological control of these nematodes, the microbial communities of the rhizosphere soils and roots of sponge gourd (Luffa cylindrica) infected and non-infected by M. incognita nematodes, were investigated using culture-dependent and -independent methods. Results Thirty-two culturable bacterial and eight fungal species, along with 10,561 bacterial and 2,427 fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs), were identified. Nine culturable bacterial species, 955 bacterial and 701 fungal OTUs were shared in both four groups. More culturable bacterial and fungal isolates were detected from the uninfected soils and roots than from the infected soils and roots (except no fungi detected from the uninfected roots), and among all samples, nine bacterial species (Arthrobacter sp., Bacillus sp., Burkholderia ambifaria, Enterobacteriaceae sp., Fictibacillus barbaricus, Microbacterium sp., Micrococcaceae sp., Rhizobiaceae sp., and Serratia sp.) were shared, with Arthrobacter sp. and Bacillus sp. being dominant. Pseudomonas nitroreducens was exclusively present in the infested soils, while Mammaliicoccus sciuri, Microbacterium azadirachtae, and Priestia sp., together with Mucor irregularis, Penicillium sp., P. commune, and Sordariomycetes sp. were found only in the uninfected soils. Cupriavidus metallidurans, Gordonia sp., Streptomyces viridobrunneus, and Terribacillus sp. were only in the uninfected roots while Aspergillus sp. only in infected roots. After M. incognita infestation, 319 bacterial OTUs (such as Chryseobacterium) and 171 fungal OTUs (such as Spizellomyces) were increased in rhizosphere soils, while 181 bacterial OTUs (such as Pasteuria) and 166 fungal OTUs (such as Exophiala) rose their abundance in plant roots. Meanwhile, much more decreased bacterial or fungal OTUs were identified from rhizosphere soils rather than from plant roots, exhibiting the protective effects of host plant on endophytes. Among the detected bacterial isolates, Streptomyces sp. TR27 was discovered to exhibit nematocidal activity, and B. amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus sp. P35, and M. azadirachtae to show repellent potentials for the second stage M. incognita juveniles, which can be used to develop RKN bio-control agents. Discussion These findings provided insights into the interactions among root-knot nematodes, host plants, and microorganisms, which will inspire explorations of novel nematicides.
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Li GH, Zhang KQ. Natural nematicidal metabolites and advances in their biocontrol capacity on plant parasitic nematodes. Nat Prod Rep 2023; 40:646-675. [PMID: 36597965 DOI: 10.1039/d2np00074a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 2010 to 2021Natural nematicidal metabolites are important sources of nematode control. This review covers the isolation and structural determination of nematicidal metabolites from 2010 to 2021. We summarise chemical structures, bioactivity, metabolic regulation and biosynthesis of potential nematocides, and structure-activity relationship and application potentiality of natural metabolites in plant parasitic nematodes' biocontrol. In doing so, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential roles that natural metabolites can play in anti-nematode strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China.
| | - Ke-Qin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China.
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Pacule HB, Vanegas JAG, Terra WC, Campos VP, Oliveira DF. (R)-Carvone is a potential soil fumigant against Meloidogyne incognita whose likely enzymatic target in the nematode is acetylcholinesterase. Exp Parasitol 2022; 241:108359. [PMID: 35998723 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2022.108359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To contribute to the development of new fumigant nematicides for the control of the plant-parasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita, this study started with 31 volatile organic compounds reported as toxic to nematodes. At 500 μg/mL, α-ionone, (S)-carvone, (R)-carvone, 2-methylpropyl acetate, undecan-2-one, decan-2-one, and dodecan-2-one caused mortalities to M. incognita second-stage juveniles (J2) that were similar to those obtained with the commercial nematicides carbofuran (170 μg/mL) and fluensulfone (42.2 μg/mL). (R)-carvone, with a lethal concentration to 50% J2 (LC50) equal to 524 μg/mL, was selected for subsequent studies. When J2 were exposed to the (R)-carvone solution, the infectivity and reproduction on tomato were reduced. In the M. incognita egg hatching assay, (R)-carvone behaved like a true ovicide. When employed as a fumigant, (R)-carvone (3.9 g/L) was as efficient as the soil fumigant dazomet (0.245 g/L) in eliminating eggs of the nematode in a substrate to be used for tomato planting. According to in silico studies employing pharmacophoric searches and molecular docking, acetylcholinesterases are the target of (R)-carvone in the nematode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horácio B Pacule
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Departamento de Química, Lavras-MG, P.O.box, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Javier A G Vanegas
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Departamento de Química, Lavras-MG, P.O.box, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Willian C Terra
- Universidade Federal de Química, Departamento de Fitopatologia, Lavras-MG, P.O.box, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Vicente P Campos
- Universidade Federal de Química, Departamento de Fitopatologia, Lavras-MG, P.O.box, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Denilson F Oliveira
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Departamento de Química, Lavras-MG, P.O.box, 37200-900, Brazil.
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Dai K, Cao L, Huang Z, Gu X, Cui Y, Li J, Li Y, Xu C, Han R. Influence of entomopathogenic nematodes, symbiotic bacteria and ascarosides on the dispersal behaviour of Meloidogyne incognita. NEMATOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Dispersal is an important behaviour for nematodes. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) are able to regulate plant-parasitic nematodes in the field. However, the mechanism for the interactions between two types of nematodes is not clearly known. The effects of 12 synthesised ascarosides, three EPN species (Steinernema carpocapsae All, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora H06 and H. indica LN2), and 15 symbiotic bacterial isolates from EPN on the dispersal of Meloidogyne incognita were investigated. The results revealed that M. incognita juveniles were repelled, to various degrees, by most of the tested ascarosides (especially ascr#9), three species of EPN, and by bacterial isolates (especially TT01 from H. bacteriophora TT01 and H06 from H. bacteriophora H06), compared with the controls. Ascr#9 was abundant in M. incognita juvenile-conditioned supernatant. This provides useful cues for elucidating the interaction mechanism between two nematode groups and establishing alternative techniques for the safe and effective control of root-knot nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Dai
- Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, P.R. China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510260, P.R. China
| | - Li Cao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510260, P.R. China
| | - Zhihua Huang
- Yuxi Branch of Yunnan Tobacco Company, Engineering Center for Biological Control of Diseases and Pests in the Tobacco Industry, Yuxi 653100, Yunnan Province, P.R. China
| | - Xinghui Gu
- Yuxi Branch of Yunnan Tobacco Company, Engineering Center for Biological Control of Diseases and Pests in the Tobacco Industry, Yuxi 653100, Yunnan Province, P.R. China
| | - Yonghe Cui
- Yuxi Branch of Yunnan Tobacco Company, Engineering Center for Biological Control of Diseases and Pests in the Tobacco Industry, Yuxi 653100, Yunnan Province, P.R. China
| | - Jiangzhou Li
- Yuxi Branch of Yunnan Tobacco Company, Engineering Center for Biological Control of Diseases and Pests in the Tobacco Industry, Yuxi 653100, Yunnan Province, P.R. China
| | - Yuling Li
- Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, P.R. China
| | - Chengti Xu
- Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, P.R. China
| | - Richou Han
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510260, P.R. China
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Fumigant Activity of Bacterial Volatile Organic Compounds against the Nematodes Caenorhabditis elegans and Meloidogyne incognita. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154714. [PMID: 35897889 PMCID: PMC9330711 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-parasitic nematodes infect a diversity of crops, resulting in severe economic losses in agriculture. Microbial volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are potential agents to control plant-parasitic nematodes and other pests. In this study, VOCs emitted by a dozen bacterial strains were analyzed using solid-phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Fumigant toxicity of selected VOCs, including dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), 2-butanone, 2-pentanone, 2-nonanone, 2-undecanone, anisole, 2,5-dimethylfuran, glyoxylic acid, and S-methyl thioacetate (MTA) was then tested against Caenorhabditis elegans. DMDS and MTA exhibited much stronger fumigant toxicity than the others. Probit analysis suggested that the values of LC50 were 8.57 and 1.43 μg/cm3 air for DMDS and MTA, respectively. MTA also showed stronger fumigant toxicity than DMDS against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita, suggesting the application potential of MTA.
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Diyapoglu A, Oner M, Meng M. Application Potential of Bacterial Volatile Organic Compounds in the Control of Root-Knot Nematodes. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144355. [PMID: 35889228 PMCID: PMC9318376 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) constitute the most damaging group of plant pathogens. Plant infections by root-knot nematodes (RKNs) alone could cause approximately 5% of global crop loss. Conventionally, chemical-based methods are used to control PPNs at the expense of the environment and human health. Accordingly, the development of eco-friendly and safer methods has been urged to supplement or replace chemical-based methods for the control of RKNs. Using microorganisms or their metabolites as biological control agents (BCAs) is a promising approach to controlling RKNs. Among the metabolites, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have gained increasing attention because of their potential in the control of not only RKNs but also other plant pathogens, such as insects, fungi, and bacteria. This review discusses the biology of RKNs as well as the status of various control strategies. The discovery of VOCs emitted by bacteria from various environmental sources and their application potential as BCAs in controlling RKNs are specifically addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Diyapoglu
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Muhammet Oner
- Department of Life Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Menghsiao Meng
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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Fuentes C, Verdú S, Fuentes A, Ruiz MJ, Barat JM. In vivo toxicity assessment of eugenol and vanillin-functionalised silica particles using Caenorhabditis elegans. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 238:113601. [PMID: 35533449 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The toxicological properties of different silica particles functionalised with essential oil components (EOCs) were herein assessed using the in vivo model C. elegans. In particular, the effects of the acute and long-term exposure to three silica particle types (SAS, MCM-41 micro, MCM-41 nano), either bare or functionalised with eugenol or vanillin, were evaluated on different biological parameters of nematodes. Acute exposure to the different particles did not reduce nematodes survival, brood growth or locomotion, but reproduction was impaired by all the materials, except for vanillin-functionalised MCM-41 nano. Moreover, long-term exposure to particles led to strongly inhibited nematodes growth and reproduction. The eugenol-functionalised particles exhibited higher functionalisation yields and had the strongest effects during acute and long-term exposures. Overall, the vanillin-functionalised particles displayed milder acute toxic effects on reproduction than pristine materials, but severer toxicological responses for the 96-hour exposure assays. Our findings suggest that the EOC type anchored to silica surfaces and functionalisation yield are crucial for determining the toxicological effects of particles on C. elegans. The results obtained with this alternative in vivo model can help to anticipate potential toxic responses to these new materials for human health and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Fuentes
- Department of Food Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València. Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Samuel Verdú
- Department of Food Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València. Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Fuentes
- Department of Food Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València. Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - María José Ruiz
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - José Manuel Barat
- Department of Food Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València. Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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Dube M, Llanes D, Saoud M, Rennert R, Imming P, Häberli C, Keiser J, Arnold N. Albatrellus confluens (Alb. & Schwein.) Kotl. & Pouz.: Natural Fungal Compounds and Synthetic Derivatives with In Vitro Anthelmintic Activities and Antiproliferative Effects against Two Human Cancer Cell Lines. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27092950. [PMID: 35566312 PMCID: PMC9100200 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Neglected tropical diseases affect the world's poorest populations with soil-transmitted helminthiasis and schistosomiasis being among the most prevalent ones. Mass drug administration is currently the most important control measure, but the use of the few available drugs is giving rise to increased resistance of the parasites to the drugs. Different approaches are needed to come up with new therapeutic agents against these helminths. Fungi are a source of secondary metabolites, but most fungi remain largely uninvestigated as anthelmintics. In this report, the anthelmintic activity of Albatrellus confluens against Caenorhabditis elegans was investigated using bio-assay guided isolation. Grifolin (1) and neogrifolin (2) were identified as responsible for the anthelmintic activity. Derivatives 4-6 were synthesized to investigate the effect of varying the prenyl chain length on anthelmintic activity. The isolated compounds 1 and 2 and synthetic derivatives 4-6, as well as their educts 7-10, were tested against Schistosoma mansoni (adult and newly transformed schistosomula), Strongyloides ratti, Heligmosomoides polygyrus, Necator americanus, and Ancylostoma ceylanicum. Prenyl-2-orcinol (4) and geranylgeranyl-2-orcinol (6) showed promising activity against newly transformed schistosomula. The compounds 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6 were also screened for antiproliferative or cytotoxic activity against two human cancer lines, viz. prostate adenocarcinoma cells (PC-3) and colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (HT-29). Compound 6 was determined to be the most effective against both cell lines with IC50 values of 16.1 µM in PC-3 prostate cells and 33.7 µM in HT-29 colorectal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mthandazo Dube
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (M.D.); (D.L.); (M.S.); (R.R.)
| | - Dayma Llanes
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (M.D.); (D.L.); (M.S.); (R.R.)
| | - Mohamad Saoud
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (M.D.); (D.L.); (M.S.); (R.R.)
| | - Robert Rennert
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (M.D.); (D.L.); (M.S.); (R.R.)
| | - Peter Imming
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Cécile Häberli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; (C.H.); (J.K.)
- University of Basel, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer Keiser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; (C.H.); (J.K.)
- University of Basel, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Norbert Arnold
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (M.D.); (D.L.); (M.S.); (R.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-345-5582-1310
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Oliveira LFC, Tega DU, Duarte GHB, Barbosa LD, Ribeiro HC, Castello ACD, Sawaya ACHF, Sussulini A. Foodomics for agroecology: Differentiation of volatile profile in mint (Mentha × gracilis Sole) from permaculture, organic and conventional agricultural systems using HS-SPME/GC-MS. Food Res Int 2022; 155:111107. [PMID: 35400399 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, foodomics approach was employed to investigate changes in the metabolism from the volatile terpenoids profile of mint(Mentha × gracillis Sole)from conventional, organic and permaculture (a type of agroecological agriculture system) farms using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) associated to gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and chemometric tools. The discrimination among the three types of mint was successfully achieved and demonstrated evidence of ecological interaction impact in the food metabolism. The agroecological mint presented as differential compounds: α-terpineol, bornyl formate, cis-carvyl propionate, cis-carveol, camphor, dihydrocarvyl acetate, dihydrocarveol, karahanaenone, nonanal, 3-octyl acetate, and trans-3-hexenyl-2 methylbutyrate. While organic and conventional mint presented as differential compounds: α-cedrene, β -pinene, γ-muurolene, δ-cadinene, germacrene, terpinolene, and elemol. The majority of differential metabolites from agroecological mint are oxygenated monoterpenes, which have more intense flavor and biological activities than hydrocarbons monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes found in organic and conventional mint. Furthermore, the discrimination between organic and conventional mint was effectively performed, which demonstrated different terpenoid profiles though without implying benefits for one or another agriculture system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan Felipe Campos Oliveira
- Laboratory of Bioanalytics and Integrated Omics (LaBIOmics), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil; Yoko Civilization Research Centre, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - David Ulisses Tega
- Laboratory of Bioanalytics and Integrated Omics (LaBIOmics), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Henrique Bueno Duarte
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Luidy Darllan Barbosa
- Laboratory of Bioanalytics and Integrated Omics (LaBIOmics), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Henrique Caracho Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Bioanalytics and Integrated Omics (LaBIOmics), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alessandra Sussulini
- Laboratory of Bioanalytics and Integrated Omics (LaBIOmics), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica (INCTBio), Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Liu Z, Li QX, Song B. Pesticidal Activity and Mode of Action of Monoterpenes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:4556-4571. [PMID: 35380824 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic pesticides are often associated with issues such as pest resistance, persistent residue, nontarget toxicity, and environmental issues. Therefore, the research and development of novel, safe, and effective pesticides has become a focus in pesticide discovery. Monoterpenes are secondary plant metabolites that commonly have multiple action targets and have been used in aromatherapy, alternative medicine, and food industries. Some are highly potent and stereoselective. They can potentially be botanical pesticides and serve as lead candidates for the design and synthesis of new monoterpenoid pesticides for agricultural applications. This article reviews publications and patents found in SciFinder Scholar between 2000 and May 2021 on monoterpenes and mainly focuses on pesticidal activities of frequently studied monoterpenes and their modes of action. The presented information and our views are hopefully useful for the development of monoterpenes as biopesticides and monoterpenoid pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anshun University, Anshun, Guizhou 561000, P. R. China
| | - Qing X Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Baoan Song
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
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16
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Ojeda-Rivera JO, Ulloa M, Roberts PA, Kottapalli P, Wang C, Nájera-González HR, Payton P, Lopez-Arredondo D, Herrera-Estrella L. Root-Knot Nematode Resistance in Gossypium hirsutum Determined by a Constitutive Defense-Response Transcriptional Program Avoiding a Fitness Penalty. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:858313. [PMID: 35498643 PMCID: PMC9044970 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.858313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is the most important renewable source of natural textile fiber and one of the most cultivated crops around the world. Plant-parasitic nematode infestations, such as the southern Root-Knot Nematode (RKN) Meloidogyne incognita, represent a threat to cotton production worldwide. Host-plant resistance is a highly effective strategy to manage RKN; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms of RKN-resistance remain largely unknown. In this study, we harness the differences in RKN-resistance between a susceptible (Acala SJ-2, SJ2), a moderately resistant (Upland Wild Mexico Jack Jones, WMJJ), and a resistant (Acala NemX) cotton entries, to perform genome-wide comparative analysis of the root transcriptional response to M. incognita infection. RNA-seq data suggest that RKN-resistance is determined by a constitutive state of defense transcriptional behavior that prevails in the roots of the NemX cultivar. Gene ontology and protein homology analyses indicate that the root transcriptional landscape in response to RKN-infection is enriched for responses related to jasmonic and salicylic acid, two key phytohormones in plant defense responses. These responses are constitutively activated in NemX and correlate with elevated levels of these two hormones while avoiding a fitness penalty. We show that the expression of cotton genes coding for disease resistance and receptor proteins linked to RKN-resistance and perception in plants, is enhanced in the roots of RKN-resistant NemX. Members of the later gene families, located in the confidence interval of a previously identified QTL associated with RKN resistance, represent promising candidates that might facilitate introduction of RKN-resistance into valuable commercial varieties of cotton. Our study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms that underlie RKN resistance in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Odilón Ojeda-Rivera
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Mauricio Ulloa
- USDA-ARS, PA, CSRL, Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Research, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Philip A. Roberts
- Department of Nematology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Pratibha Kottapalli
- USDA-ARS, PA, CSRL, Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Research, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Congli Wang
- Department of Nematology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Héctor-Rogelio Nájera-González
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Paxton Payton
- USDA-ARS, PA, CSRL, Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Research, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Damar Lopez-Arredondo
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Luis Herrera-Estrella
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
- Unidad de Genomica Avanzada/Langebio, Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados, Irapuato, Mexico
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Anthelmintic evaluation and essential oils composition of Hyptis dilatata Benth. and Mesosphaerum suaveolens Kuntze from the Brazilian Amazon. Acta Trop 2022; 228:106321. [PMID: 35063413 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Hyptis dilatata and Mesosphaerum suaveolens belong to Lamiaceae, are aromatic and medicinal subshrubs with antiparasitic potential and occurrence in the Amazon Region. The essential oils of both species were extracted, analyzed, and identified by GC and GC-MS and then evaluated their anthelmintic activities against the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Primary constituents of the samples of H. dilatata oils were limonene (72.6%), myrcene (11.5%), and p-cymene (10.3%) to PAMA19 sample, and camphor (25.5%), α-pinene (25.4%), 1,8-cineole (18.8%), β-pinene (12.0%), and limonene (5.9%) to PAMA108 sample, while in the oil of M. suaveolens, PAMA131 sample, predominated bicyclogermacrene (23.5%, 1,8-cineole (23.0%), germacrene D (17.2%), and (E)-caryophyllene (10.4%). The sample oil of H. dilatata (PAMA108) exhibited the lower anthelmintic inhibitory concentration, with an IC50 value of 2.09 mg/mL for C. elegans Bristol N2 strain, while the oils of H. dilatata (PAMA19) and M. suaveolens (PAMA131) showed an IC50 up of 4 mg/mL for C. elegans IVR15 and Bristol N2 strains. These results suggest that the H. dilatata and M. suaveolens oils constituents' combination can be helpful as a nematicidal agent due to their synergistic action.
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Abebew D, Sayedain FS, Bode E, Bode HB. Uncovering Nematicidal Natural Products from Xenorhabdus Bacteria. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:498-506. [PMID: 34981939 PMCID: PMC8778618 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Parasitic nematodes infect different species of animals and plants. Root-knot nematodes are members of the genus Meloidogyne, which is distributed worldwide and parasitizes numerous plants, including vegetables, fruits, and crops. To reduce the global burden of nematode infections, only a few chemical therapeutic classes are currently available. The majority of nematicides are prohibited due to their harmful effects on the environment and public health. This study was intended to identify new nematicidal natural products (NPs) from the bacterial genus Xenorhabdus, which exists in symbiosis with Steinernema nematodes. Cell-free culture supernatants of Xenorhabdus bacteria were used for nematicidal bioassay, and high mortality rates for Caenorhabditis elegans and Meloidogyne javanica were observed. Promoter exchange mutants of biosynthetic gene clusters encoding nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS) or NRPS-polyketide synthase hybrids in Xenorhabdus bacteria carrying additionally a hfq deletion produce a single NP class, which have been tested for their bioactivity. Among the NPs tested, fabclavines, rhabdopeptides, and xenocoumacins were highly toxic to nematodes and resulted in mortalities of 95.3, 74.6, and 72.6% to C. elegans and 82.0, 90.0, and 85.3% to M. javanica, respectively. The findings of such nematicidal NPs can provide templates for uncovering effective and environmentally safe alternatives to commercially available nematicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desalegne Abebew
- Molekulare
Biotechnologie, Goethe Universität
Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - Fatemeh S. Sayedain
- Department
of Natural Products in Organismic Interactions, Max-Planck-Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg 35043, Germany
| | - Edna Bode
- Department
of Natural Products in Organismic Interactions, Max-Planck-Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg 35043, Germany
| | - Helge B. Bode
- Molekulare
Biotechnologie, Goethe Universität
Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
- Department
of Natural Products in Organismic Interactions, Max-Planck-Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg 35043, Germany
- Senckenberg
Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Frankfurt am Main 60325, Germany
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Effects of essential oil components exposure on biological parameters of Caenorhabditis elegans. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 159:112763. [PMID: 34896182 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The extensive use of essential oil components in an increasing number of applications can substantially enhance exposure to these compounds, which leads to potential health and environmental hazards. This work aimed to evaluate the toxicity of four widely used essential oil components (carvacrol, eugenol, thymol, vanillin) using the in vivo model Caenorhabditis elegans. For this purpose, the LC50 value of acute exposure to these components was first established; then the effect of sublethal concentrations on nematodes' locomotion behaviour, reproduction, heat and oxidative stress resistance and chemotaxis was evaluated. The results showed that all the components had a concentration-dependent effect on nematode survival at moderate to high concentrations. Carvacrol and thymol were the two most toxic compounds, while vanillin had the mildest toxicological effect. Reproduction resulted in a more sensitive endpoint than lethality to evaluate toxicity. Only pre-exposure to carvacrol and eugenol at the highest tested sublethal concentrations conferred worms oxidative stress resistance. However, at these and lower concentrations, both components induced reproductive toxicity. Our results evidence that these compounds can be toxic at lower doses than those required for their biological action. These findings highlight the need for a specific toxicological assessment of every EOC application.
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Pino-Otín MR, Langa E, Val J, Mainar AM, Ballestero D. Impact of citronellol on river and soil environments using non-target model organisms and natural populations. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 287:112303. [PMID: 33714735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Citronellol is an acyclic monoterpenoid with a wide range of pharmacological activities (antibacterial, antifungal, anti-lice, repellent, lipolytic, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, antidiabetic, anti-cholesterol, among other) and potential to replace synthetic products. However, the impact of citronellol on the environment remains unknown. We analysed, for the first time, the environmental impact of citronellol on river and soil environments using non-target model organisms and natural populations. The acute toxicity of citronellol on the aquatic invertebrate Daphnia magna, the plant Allium cepa L and the earthworm Eisenia fetida was quantified. The effect of citronellol in a river ecosystem was analysed using river periphyton communities taxonomically characterised and a river microbial community characterised through 16 S rRNA gene sequencing. Finally, a microbial community from natural soil was used to monitor the effect of citronellol on the soil ecosystem. The results showed that E. fetida was most sensitive to citronellol (LC50 = 12.34 mg/L), followed by D. magna (LC50 = 14.11 mg/L). Citronellol affected the photosynthesis of the fluvial periphyton (LC50 = 94.10 mg/L) and was phytotoxic for A. cepa. Furthermore, citronellol modified the growth and metabolism of both fluvial (LC50 = 0.19% v/v) and edaphic (LC50 = 5.07% v/v) bacterial populations. The metabolism of the microorganisms in the soil and water exposed to citronellol decreased with respect to the control, especially their ability to metabolise carbohydrates. Our results show that citronellol has a negative impact on the environment. Although acute effects cannot be expected, it is necessary to quantify the environmental levels as well as the long-term and persistent effects of this monoterpene.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elisa Langa
- Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Jonatan Val
- Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Ana M Mainar
- I3A, Universidad de Zaragoza, c/ Mariano Esquillor s/n, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Diego Ballestero
- Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830, Zaragoza, Spain.
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21
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Trailovic SM, Rajkovic M, Marjanovic DS, Neveu C, Charvet CL. Action of Carvacrol on Parascaris sp. and Antagonistic Effect on Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14060505. [PMID: 34073197 PMCID: PMC8226574 DOI: 10.3390/ph14060505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Parascaris sp. is the only ascarid parasitic nematode in equids and one of the most threatening infectious organisms in horses. Only a limited number of compounds are available for treatment of horse helminthiasis, and Parascaris sp. worms have developed resistance to the three major anthelmintic families. In order to overcome the appearance of resistance, there is an urgent need for new therapeutic strategies. The active ingredients of herbal essential oils are potentially effective antiparasitic drugs. Carvacrol is one of the principal chemicals of essential oil from Origanum, Thymus, Coridothymus, Thymbra, Satureja and Lippia herbs. However, the antiparasitic mode of action of carvacrol is poorly understood. Here, the objective of the work was to characterize the activity of carvacrol on Parascaris sp. nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) function both in vivo with the use of worm neuromuscular flap preparations and in vitro with two-electrode voltage-clamp electrophysiology on nAChRs expressed in Xenopus oocytes. We developed a neuromuscular contraction assay for Parascaris body flaps and obtained acetylcholine concentration-dependent contraction responses. Strikingly, we observed that 300 µM carvacrol fully and irreversibly abolished Parascaris sp. muscle contractions elicited by acetylcholine. Similarly, carvacrol antagonized acetylcholine-induced currents from both the nicotine-sensitive AChR and the morantel-sensitive AChR subtypes. Thus, we show for the first time that body muscle flap preparation is a tractable approach to investigating the pharmacology of Parascaris sp. neuromuscular system. Our results suggest an intriguing mode of action for carvacrol, being a potent antagonist of muscle nAChRs of Parascaris sp. worms, which may account for its antiparasitic potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasa M. Trailovic
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.M.T.); (M.R.); (D.S.M.)
| | - Milan Rajkovic
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.M.T.); (M.R.); (D.S.M.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Djordje S. Marjanovic
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.M.T.); (M.R.); (D.S.M.)
| | - Cédric Neveu
- INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, 37380 Nouzilly, France;
| | - Claude L. Charvet
- INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, 37380 Nouzilly, France;
- Correspondence:
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22
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Pardavella I, Daferera D, Tselios T, Skiada P, Giannakou I. The Use of Essential Oil and Hydrosol Extracted from Cuminum cyminum Seeds for the Control of Meloidogyne incognita and Meloidogyne javanica. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:plants10010046. [PMID: 33379232 PMCID: PMC7823439 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The essential oil (EO) and hydrosol (HL) isolated from Cuminum cyminum (cumin) seeds were evaluated against the root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica. The efficacy of extracts on the motility, hatching, and survival in soil of second-stage juveniles (J2s), and the activity on egg differentiation were tested. All J2s were paralyzed after immersion in the EO at 62.5 μL/L concentration for 96 h. Encouraging results were recorded using HL equal to or higher than 10% concentration for both Meloidogyne species tested. More than 70% paralyzed J2s were recorded after immersion for 48 h, while the percentage was increased to higher than 90% after 96 h of immersion. A clear effect on egg differentiation was observed after immersion in EO or HL. A significant decrease in egg differentiation was revealed at even low concentrations of EO while an evident decrease in egg differentiation was recorded after immersion of eggs in 50% HL dilution. Decreased hatching of M. incognita and M. javanica J2s was observed with the increase in concentration. The lowest numbers of hatched J2s were recorded when EO was used at 1000 and 2000 μL/L concentrations. A constant reduction in root-knot nematode J2 hatching was observed upon increasing the concentration of HL from 5% to 50%. The EO of C. cyminum is characterized by the presence of γ-terpinene-7-al (34.95%), cumin aldehydes (26.48), and α-terpinene-7-al (12.77%). The above constituents were observed in HL following the same order as that observed in EO. The components γ-terpinene (11.09%) and ο-cymene (6.56%) were also recorded in EO while they were absent in HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iro Pardavella
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Science of Crop Production, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; (I.P.); (T.T.); (P.S.)
| | - Demetra Daferera
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece;
| | - Theodoros Tselios
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Science of Crop Production, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; (I.P.); (T.T.); (P.S.)
| | - Panagiota Skiada
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Science of Crop Production, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; (I.P.); (T.T.); (P.S.)
| | - Ioannis Giannakou
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Science of Crop Production, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; (I.P.); (T.T.); (P.S.)
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23
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Habash SS, Könen PP, Loeschcke A, Wüst M, Jaeger KE, Drepper T, Grundler FMW, Schleker ASS. The Plant Sesquiterpene Nootkatone Efficiently Reduces Heterodera schachtii Parasitism by Activating Plant Defense. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249627. [PMID: 33348829 PMCID: PMC7765886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant parasitic nematodes, including the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii, constitute a devastating problem for crops worldwide. The limited availability of sustainable management options illustrates the need for new eco-friendly control means. Plant metabolites represent an invaluable source of active compounds for the discovery of such novel antagonistic agents. Here, we evaluated the impact of eight plant terpenoids on the H. schachtii parasitism of Arabidopsis thaliana. None of the metabolites affected the plant development (5 or 10 ppm). Nootkatone decreased the number of adult nematodes on A. thaliana to 50%, with the female nematodes being smaller compared to the control. In contrast, three other terpenoids increased the parasitism and/or female size. We discovered that nootkatone considerably decreased the number of nematodes that penetrated A. thaliana roots, but neither affected the nematode viability or attraction to plant roots, nor triggered the production of plant reactive oxygen species or changed the plant's sesquiterpene profile. However, we demonstrated that nootkatone led to a significant upregulation of defense-related genes involved in salicylic and jasmonic acid pathways. Our results indicate that nootkatone is a promising candidate to be developed into a novel plant protection agent acting as a stimulator of plant immunity against parasitic nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer S. Habash
- Molecular Phytomedicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany;
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; (A.L.); k.- (K.-E.J.); (T.D.)
- Correspondence: (S.S.H.); (A.S.S.S.)
| | - Philipp P. Könen
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 19C, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (P.P.K.); (M.W.)
| | - Anita Loeschcke
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; (A.L.); k.- (K.-E.J.); (T.D.)
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52426 Jülich, Germany
| | - Matthias Wüst
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 19C, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (P.P.K.); (M.W.)
| | - Karl-Erich Jaeger
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; (A.L.); k.- (K.-E.J.); (T.D.)
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52426 Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Thomas Drepper
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; (A.L.); k.- (K.-E.J.); (T.D.)
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52426 Jülich, Germany
| | - Florian M. W. Grundler
- Molecular Phytomedicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany;
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; (A.L.); k.- (K.-E.J.); (T.D.)
| | - A. Sylvia S. Schleker
- Molecular Phytomedicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany;
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; (A.L.); k.- (K.-E.J.); (T.D.)
- Correspondence: (S.S.H.); (A.S.S.S.)
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24
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Bucki P, Qing X, Castillo P, Gamliel A, Dobrinin S, Alon T, Braun Miyara S. The Genus Pratylenchus (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae) in Israel: From Taxonomy to Control Practices. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9111475. [PMID: 33147883 PMCID: PMC7716202 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Due to Israel’s successful agricultural production and diverse climatic conditions, plant-parasitic nematodes are flourishing. The occurrence of new, previously unidentified species in Israel or of suggested new species worldwide is a consequence of the continuous withdrawal of efficient nematicides. Among plant-parasitic nematodes, migratory endoparasitic species of the genus Pratylenchus are widely distributed in vegetable and crop fields in Israel and are associated with major reductions in quality and yield. This review focuses on the occurrence, distribution, diagnosis, pathogenicity, and phylogeny of all Pratylenchus species recorded over the last few decades on different crops grown throughout Israel—covering early information from nematologists to recent reports involving the use of molecular phylogenetic methodologies. We explore the accepted distinction between Pratylenchus thornei and Pratylenchus mediterraneus isolated from Israel’s northern Negev region, and address the confusion concerning the findings related to these Pratylenchus species. Our recent sampling from the northern Negev revealed the occurrence of both P. thornei and P. mediterraneus on the basis of molecular identification, indicating P. mediterraneus as a sister species of P. thornei and their potential occurrence in a mixed infection. Finally, the efficiencies of common control measures taken to reduce Pratylenchus’ devastating damage in protected crops and field crops is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Bucki
- Volcani Center, Department of Entomology, Nematology and Chemistry Units, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Rishon Lezion 15159, Israel; (P.B.); (X.Q.)
| | - Xue Qing
- Volcani Center, Department of Entomology, Nematology and Chemistry Units, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Rishon Lezion 15159, Israel; (P.B.); (X.Q.)
- Department of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Pablo Castillo
- Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, Spanish National Research Council, 14004 Cordoba, Spain;
| | - Abraham Gamliel
- Volcani Center, Laboratory for Pest Management Research, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, ARO, Rishon Lezion 15159, Israel;
| | - Svetlana Dobrinin
- Extension Service (Shaham), Israel Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Rishon Lezion 15159, Israel; (S.D.); (T.A.)
| | - Tamar Alon
- Extension Service (Shaham), Israel Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Rishon Lezion 15159, Israel; (S.D.); (T.A.)
| | - Sigal Braun Miyara
- Volcani Center, Department of Entomology, Nematology and Chemistry Units, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Rishon Lezion 15159, Israel; (P.B.); (X.Q.)
- Correspondence:
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25
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Ghosh M, Schepetkin IA, Özek G, Özek T, Khlebnikov AI, Damron DS, Quinn MT. Essential Oils from Monarda fistulosa: Chemical Composition and Activation of Transient Receptor Potential A1 (TRPA1) Channels. Molecules 2020; 25:E4873. [PMID: 33105614 PMCID: PMC7659962 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the pharmacological activity of Monarda fistulosa L. essential oils. To address this issue, we isolated essential oils from the flowers and leaves of M. fistulosa and analyzed their chemical composition. We also analyzed the pharmacological effects of M. fistulosa essential oils on transient receptor potential (TRP) channel activity, as these channels are known targets of various essential oil constituents. Flower (MEOFl) and leaf (MEOLv) essential oils were comprised mainly of monoterpenes (43.1% and 21.1%) and oxygenated monoterpenes (54.8% and 77.7%), respectively, with a high abundance of monoterpene hydrocarbons, including p-cymene, γ-terpinene, α-terpinene, and α-thujene. Major oxygenated monoterpenes of MEOFl and MEOLv included carvacrol and thymol. Both MEOFl and MEOLv stimulated a transient increase in intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in TRPA1 but not in TRPV1 or TRPV4-transfected cells, with MEOLv being much more effective than MEOFl. Furthermore, the pure monoterpenes carvacrol, thymol, and β-myrcene activated TRPA1 but not the TRPV1 or TRPV4 channels, suggesting that these compounds represented the TRPA1-activating components of M. fistulosa essential oils. The transient increase in [Ca2+]i induced by MEOFl/MEOLv, carvacrol, β-myrcene, and thymol in TRPA1-transfected cells was blocked by a selective TRPA1 antagonist, HC-030031. Although carvacrol and thymol have been reported previously to activate the TRPA1 channels, this is the first report to show that β-myrcene is also a TRPA1 channel agonist. Finally, molecular modeling studies showed a substantial similarity between the docking poses of carvacrol, thymol, and β-myrcene in the binding site of human TRPA1. Thus, our results provide a cellular and molecular basis to explain at least part of the therapeutic properties of these essential oils, laying the foundation for prospective pharmacological studies involving TRP ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Ghosh
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA; (M.G.); (D.S.D.)
| | - Igor A. Schepetkin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA;
| | - Gulmira Özek
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskisehir, Turkey; (G.Ö.); (T.Ö.)
| | - Temel Özek
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskisehir, Turkey; (G.Ö.); (T.Ö.)
- Medicinal Plant, Drug and Scientific Research and Application Center (AUBIBAM), Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Andrei I. Khlebnikov
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 643050, Russia;
- Faculty of Chemistry, Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Derek S. Damron
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA; (M.G.); (D.S.D.)
| | - Mark T. Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA;
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Morales-Serna FN, Martínez-Brown JM, Avalos-Soriano A, Sarmiento-Vázquez S, Hernández-Inda ZL, Medina-Guerrero RM, Fajer-Ávila EJ, Ibarra-Castro L. The Efficacy of Geraniol and ß-Citronellol against Freshwater and Marine Monogeneans. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH 2020; 32:127-132. [PMID: 32506710 DOI: 10.1002/aah.10109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Monogeneans are parasitic flatworms that may be a threat for finfish aquaculture. In this study, the anthelmintic activity of two terpenes, geraniol and β-citronellol, was tested in vitro against ancyrocephalin and diplectanid monogeneans. Experiments were performed in both water and a culture medium. We observed that monogeneans in culture medium may be more tolerant to treatments compared with bioassays performed only in water. Concentrations of 300 mg/L of both compounds were required to kill 100% of monogeneans at 1 h postexposure. The toxicity of β-citronellol to fish was not evaluated. However, geraniol at 300 mg/L and 150 mg/L killed juvenile Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and White Snook Centropomus viridis, respectively, after a few minutes. Therefore, the present work suggests that other alternatives should be studied for use against monogeneans in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco N Morales-Serna
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Unidad Mazatlán en Acuicultura y Manejo Ambiental, Av. Sábalo-Cerritos s/n, Mazatlán, 82112, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Juan M Martínez-Brown
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Unidad Mazatlán en Acuicultura y Manejo Ambiental, Av. Sábalo-Cerritos s/n, Mazatlán, 82112, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Anaguiven Avalos-Soriano
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Unidad Mazatlán en Acuicultura y Manejo Ambiental, Av. Sábalo-Cerritos s/n, Mazatlán, 82112, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Sara Sarmiento-Vázquez
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Unidad Mazatlán en Acuicultura y Manejo Ambiental, Av. Sábalo-Cerritos s/n, Mazatlán, 82112, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Zaira L Hernández-Inda
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Unidad Mazatlán en Acuicultura y Manejo Ambiental, Av. Sábalo-Cerritos s/n, Mazatlán, 82112, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Rosa M Medina-Guerrero
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Unidad Mazatlán en Acuicultura y Manejo Ambiental, Av. Sábalo-Cerritos s/n, Mazatlán, 82112, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Emma J Fajer-Ávila
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Unidad Mazatlán en Acuicultura y Manejo Ambiental, Av. Sábalo-Cerritos s/n, Mazatlán, 82112, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Leonardo Ibarra-Castro
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Unidad Mazatlán en Acuicultura y Manejo Ambiental, Av. Sábalo-Cerritos s/n, Mazatlán, 82112, Sinaloa, Mexico
- Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, University of Florida, 9505 Oceanshore Boulevard, St Augustine, Florida, 32080, USA
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Pardavella I, Nasiou E, Daferera D, Trigas P, Giannakou I. The Use of Essential Oil and Hydrosol Extracted from Satureja hellenica for the Control of Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9070856. [PMID: 32645893 PMCID: PMC7412176 DOI: 10.3390/plants9070856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Essential oil (EO) and hydrosol (HL) isolated from an indigenous plant species Satureja hellenica were evaluated against Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica. Particularly, the activity of extracts on a second stage juvenile’s (J2s) motility, the hatching of J2s from eggs, egg differentiation and the effect on J2s in soil were tested. A paralysis of 100% of the J2s of both species was recorded after 96 h of immersion in the essential oil, at a dose of 2000 μL/L. At the same dose, the percentage of paralyzed J2s after 48 h of immersion was more than 80%, for both Meloidogyne species. The use of hydrosol has shown encouraging results only in the dilution of 50%, where for both Meloidogyne species tested, the percentage of paralyzed J2s was more than 70% after 48 h of immersion, while the percentage was increased to 90% after 96 h of immersion. Egg differentiation was ceased after immersion, either in EO or HL. However, this decrease in egg differentiation was evident only at higher concentrations of EO and at the highest HL dilution (0.5 v/v). The hatching of M. incognita J2s was decreasing as the dose was increasing. The lowest numbers of hatched J2s were recorded at the doses of 2000 and 4000 μL/L. A clear reduction in M. javanica J2s hatching was observed as the dose was increased to 250 μL/L, a fact constantly observed as the dose was increasing up to 4000 μL/L. Lower numbers of nematodes were recorded in roots grown in infested soil after the application of EO or HL at the highest doses. The EO of S. hellenica is characterized by the presence of p-cymene (27.46%) and carvacrol (23.25%), and in a lesser extent of other constituents, such as borneol (6.79%), carvacrol methylether (6.77%), γ-terpinene (4.63%) and 4-terpineol (3.65%). Carvacrol was the major constituent found in the HL (50.12%), followed by borneol and 4-terpineol (20.42 and 6.72%, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Iro Pardavella
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Science of Crop Production, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; (I.P.); (E.N.)
| | - Eleni Nasiou
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Science of Crop Production, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; (I.P.); (E.N.)
| | - Dimitra Daferera
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece;
| | - Panayiotis Trigas
- Laboratory of Systematic Botany, Department of Science of Crop Production, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece;
| | - Ioannis Giannakou
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Science of Crop Production, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; (I.P.); (E.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-21-0529-4571
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28
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Nguyen TD, Riordan-Short S, Dang TTT, O’Brien R, Noestheden M. Quantitation of Select Terpenes/Terpenoids and Nicotine Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry with High-Temperature Headspace Sampling. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:5565-5573. [PMID: 32201850 PMCID: PMC7081649 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Plants are the main sources of many high-value bioactive terpenoids used in the medical, fragrance, and food industries. Increasing demand for these bioactive plants and their derivative products (e.g., cannabis and extracts thereof) requires robust approaches to verify feedstock, identify product adulteration, and ensure product safety. Reported here are single-laboratory validation details for a robust testing method to quantitate select terpenes and terpenoids in dry plant materials and terpenoid-containing vaping liquids (e.g., a derivative product) using high-temperature headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, with glycerol used as a headspace solvent. Validated method recoveries were 75-103%, with excellent repeatability (relative standard deviation (RSD) < 5%) and intermediate precision (RSD < 12%). The use of high-temperature headspace (180 °C) permitted terpene and terpenoid profiles to be monitored at temperatures consistent with vaping conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trinh-Don Nguyen
- Department
of Chemistry, Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
- Supra
Research and Development, Kelowna, British Columbia V1W 4C2, Canada
| | | | - Thu-Thuy T. Dang
- Department
of Chemistry, Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Rob O’Brien
- Supra
Research and Development, Kelowna, British Columbia V1W 4C2, Canada
- Department
of Biology, Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Matthew Noestheden
- Department
of Chemistry, Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
- Supra
Research and Development, Kelowna, British Columbia V1W 4C2, Canada
- E-mail: . Phone: +1 778 760 8982 (M.N.)
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29
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Effect of essential oils on cattle gastrointestinal nematodes assessed by egg hatch, larval migration and mortality testing. J Helminthol 2019; 94:e111. [PMID: 31843032 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x19001081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of eight essential oils (EOs) (Solidago canadensis, Eucalyptus globulus, Pelargonium asperum, Ocimum basilicum, Thymus vulgaris, Mentha piperita, Cymbopogon citratus and Cymbopogon martinii) against gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) was evaluated using eggs collected from naturally infected cattle and cultured infective larvae (L3). The larvae species cultured from the faecal samples and subjected to two in vitro tests were Haemonchus spp. (55.5%), Trichostrongylus spp. (28.0%), Cooperia spp. (15.0%) and Oesophagostomum spp. (1.5%). The genus of EO Cymbopogon (C. citratus and C. martinii) showed the highest anthelmintic activity at the dose of 8.75 mg/ml, for the egg hatch, the larval migration and mortality assays. All of the EOs tested reduced egg hatching to rates <19.0%, compared to the controls (water and water + Tween 20) that had rates >92.0%. Cymbopogon citratus and C. martinii treatments resulted in 11.6 and 8.1% egg hatch, had the lowest migration of larvae through sieves, 60.5 and 54.9%, and the highest mortality rates, 63.3 and 56.3%, respectively. Dose-response tests showed that EO from C. citratus had the lowest larval LC50 and migration inhibition concentration (IC50) values of 3.89 and 7.19 mg/ml, respectively, compared to two other EOs (C. martinii and O. basilicum). The results suggest that EOs from the genus Cymbopogon can be interesting candidates for nematode control in cattle, although it may prove challenging to deliver concentrations to the gastrointestinal tract sufficient to effectively manage GINs.
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In Vitro and In Vivo Anti- Candida spp. Activity of Plant-Derived Products. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8110494. [PMID: 31718037 PMCID: PMC6918153 DOI: 10.3390/plants8110494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Candidiasis therapy, especially for candidiasis caused by Candida non-albicans species, is limited by the relatively reduced number of antifungal drugs and the emergence of antifungal tolerance. This study evaluates the anticandidal activity of 41 plant-derived products against Candida species, in both planktonic and biofilm cells. This study also evaluates the toxicity and the therapeutic action of the most active compounds by using the Caenorhabditis elegans–Candida model. The planktonic cells were cultured with various concentrations of the tested agents. The Cupressus sempervirens, Citrus limon, and Litsea cubeba essential oils as well as gallic acid were the most active anticandidal compounds. Candida cell re-growth after treatment with these agents for 48 h demonstrated that the L. cubeba essential oil and gallic acid displayed fungistatic activity, whereas the C. limon and C. sempervirens essential oils exhibited fungicidal activity. The C. sempervirens essential oil was not toxic and increased the survival of C. elegans worms infected with C. glabrata or C. orthopsilosis. All the plant-derived products assayed at 250 µg/mL affected C. krusei biofilms. The tested plant-derived products proved to be potential therapeutic agents against Candida, especially Candida non-albicans species, and should be considered when developing new anticandidal agents.
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Hernando G, Turani O, Bouzat C. Caenorhabditis elegans muscle Cys-loop receptors as novel targets of terpenoids with potential anthelmintic activity. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007895. [PMID: 31765374 PMCID: PMC6901230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The anthelmintic treatment of nematode infections remains the pillar of worm control in both human and veterinary medicine. Since control is threatened by the appearance of drug resistant nematodes, there is a need to develop novel compounds, among which phytochemicals constitute potential anthelmintic agents. Caenorhabditis elegans has been pivotal in anthelmintic drug discovery and in revealing mechanisms of drug action and resistance. By using C. elegans, we here revealed the anthelmintic actions of three plant terpenoids -thymol, carvacrol and eugenol- at the behavioral level. Terpenoids produce a rapid paralysis of worms with a potency rank order carvacrol > thymol > eugenol. In addition to their paralyzing activity, they also inhibit egg hatching, which would, in turn, lead to a broader anthelmintic spectrum of activity. To identify drug targets, we performed an in vivo screening of selected strains carrying mutations in receptors involved in worm locomotion for determining resistance to the paralyzing effect of terpenoids. The assays revealed that two Cys-loop receptors with key roles in worm locomotion -Levamisole sensitive nicotinic receptor (L-AChR) and GABA(A) (UNC-49) receptor- are involved in the paralyzing effects of terpenoids. To decipher the mechanism by which terpenoids affect these receptors, we performed electrophysiological studies using a primary culture of C. elegans L1 muscle cells. Whole cell recordings from L1 cells demonstrated that terpenoids decrease macroscopic responses of L-AChR and UNC-49 receptor to their endogenous agonists, thus acting as inhibitors. Single-channel recordings from L-AChR revealed that terpenoids decrease the frequency of opening events, probably by acting as negative allosteric modulators. The fact that terpenoids act at different receptors may have important advantages regarding efficacy and development of resistance. Thus, our findings give support to the use of terpenoids as either an alternative or a complementary anthelmintic strategy to overcome the ever-increasing resistance of parasites to classical anthelmintic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermina Hernando
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Ornella Turani
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Bouzat
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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Pino-Otín MR, Val J, Ballestero D, Navarro E, Sánchez E, Mainar AM. Impact of Artemisia absinthium hydrolate extracts with nematicidal activity on non-target soil organisms of different trophic levels. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 180:565-574. [PMID: 31129435 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Natural pesticides are considered a good alternative to synthetic pesticides to reduce environmental impacts. However, biopesticides may have unknown effects on the environment, and can affect non-target organisms. In this study, the ecotoxicological effects of an aqueous extract (hydrolate) from Spanish populations of Artemisia absinthium (var. Candial) showing a promising biopesticide activity, were evaluated on non-target soil organisms from different trophic levels (natural microbial communities characterized through 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the earthworm Eisenia fetida and the plant Allium cepa). The hydrolate usually was considered as a by-product of the distillation to obtain essential oils. However, recently has been found to have nematicide properties. The hydrolate caused acute toxicity at values of LC50 of 3.87% v/v for A. cepa and 0.07 mL/g for E. fetida. All the concentrations except for the most diluted (1% v/v) reduced the bacterial physiological activity compared to controls (LC50 = 25.72% v/v after 24 h of exposure). The hydrolate also slightly altered the ability of the microbial community to degrade carbon substrates. These results indicate that the hydrolate from A. absinthium may affect the survival and metabolic abilities of key soil organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rosa Pino-Otín
- Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Jonatan Val
- Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830, Zaragoza, Spain; Colegio Internacional Ánfora, c/ Pirineos, 8, 50410, Cuarte de Huerva, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Diego Ballestero
- Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Enrique Navarro
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciónes Científicas, Av. Montañana 1005, 50059, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Esther Sánchez
- Colegio Internacional Ánfora, c/ Pirineos, 8, 50410, Cuarte de Huerva, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana M Mainar
- I3A, Universidad de Zaragoza, c/ Mariano Esquillor s/n, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
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Wang X, Yu Y, Ge J, Xie B, Zhu S, Cheng X. Effects of α-pinene on the pinewood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) and its symbiotic bacteria. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221099. [PMID: 31425544 PMCID: PMC6699699 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The pinewood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, is an important plant-parasitic nematode that can cause severe mortality of pine trees. This PWN-induced harm to plants may be closely related to the abundance and diversity of the symbiotic microorganisms of the parasitic nematode. In this study, nematodes were divided into untreated and antibiotic-treated groups. Nematodes were treated by fumigation with different amounts of α-pinene, and the resultant mortality rates were analyzed statistically. Concentrations of symbiotic bacteria were calculated as colony-forming units per nematode. High-throughput sequencing was used to investigate the bacterial community structure. The results showed that the mortality of nematodes increased slightly with an increasing concentration of α-pinene, and nematodes untreated with antibiotics were more sensitive to α-pinene than those treated with antibiotics. The highest abundance of symbiotic bacteria was obtained via medium and low levels of α-pinene, but for which community diversity was the lowest (Shannon and Simpson indexes). The proportion of Pseudomonas spp. in the symbiotic bacteria of nematodes without antibiotics was relatively high (more than 70%), while that of Stenotrophomonas spp. was low (6%–20%). However, the proportion of Stenotrophomonas spp. was larger than that of Pseudomonas spp in the symbiotic bacteria associated with the antibiotic-treated nematodes. Pseudomonas sp. increased after pinene treatment, whereas Stenotrophomonas spp. decreased. These results indicate that although α-pinene has low toxicity to PWNs over a short time period, α-pinene ultimately influences the abundance and community diversity of the symbiotic bacteria of these nematodes; this influence may potentially disturb the development and reproduction of nematodes in the process of infecting pine trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanxue Yu
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
| | - Jianjun Ge
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
| | - Bingyan Xie
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuifang Zhu
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyue Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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An appraisal of natural products active against parasitic nematodes of animals. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:306. [PMID: 31208455 PMCID: PMC6580475 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3537-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, the scientific and patent literature on the activities of purified natural compounds has been reviewed, with the aim of assessing their suitability as anthelmintic drug discovery starting points. Only compounds described as active against parasitic nematodes of animals or against the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans have been analysed. Scientific articles published since 2010 and patents granted from 2000, both inclusive, have been included in this analysis. The results show a scarcity of novel chemical structures, a limited follow-up of compounds disclosed before 2010 and a bias towards the screening of plant products, almost to the exclusion of other sources, when microbial extracts have, historically, provided most starting points for anti-infective drugs. All plant products published in this period were previously known, alerting to the high re-discovery rates of a limited number of chemical classes from this source. The most promising compounds described in the literature reviewed here, namely the linear nemadectin-derivatives, are novel and of bacterial origin. Patented but otherwise unpublished spiroketal structures also appear as interesting scaffolds for future development. The patent literature confirmed that it is possible to patent derivatives of previously known products, making them valid starting points for translational research.
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Aiweixin, a Traditional Uyghur Medicinal Formula, Extends the Lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:3684601. [PMID: 30755775 PMCID: PMC6348922 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3684601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Aiweixin (AWX) is a traditional Uyghur medicine prescription, which has been used to treat senile diseases for a long time. We investigate whether the AWX extends the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans. The AWX decoction was the conventional product for clinical use. The wild-type Caenorhabditis elegans (N2) and mutational worms, daf-16(mu86), glp-1(e2141), daf-2(e1370), and eat-2(ad465), were applied for the lifespan analysis. We found that the lifespan of the N2 adults' worm received 0.005 and 0.01 volume of AWX/total volume was extended significantly, compared to the control without treatment of AWX. The AWX at 0.01 volume of AWX/total volume significantly prolonged the life of both mutational worms, daf-16 (mu86) and eat-2(ad465), but did not increase the lifespan of the mutational worms, daf-2(e1370) and glp-1(e2141). These results indicated that the AWX significantly extended the lifespan of wild-type nematodes, and the life extension effect of AWX was related to the germline longevity pathway and IIS signaling pathway but independent of DAF-16/FOXO.
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Pino-Otín MR, Ballestero D, Navarro E, González-Coloma A, Val J, Mainar AM. Ecotoxicity of a novel biopesticide from Artemisia absinthium on non-target aquatic organisms. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 216:131-146. [PMID: 30366267 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Biopesticides are increasingly being used to replace synthetic pesticides for pest control. This change raises concern for its environmental impacts, especially on non-target organisms. In this study, the ecotoxicological effects of a potential nematicide from Spanish populations of Artemisia absinthium (var. Candial) were evaluated on freshwater and aquatic non-target organisms. The study focused on the aqueous extract (hydrolate), the principal component of which ((-) -(Z) -2,6-dimethylocta-5,7-diene-2,3-diol) is responsible for its nematicidal effect. Until now, the hydrolate has been considered a byproduct of the process used to obtain essential oils, and there are no studies on its ecotoxicity from any plant with biopesticide properties. Our results indicated that A. absinthium hydrolate caused acute toxicity for non-target organisms at dilutions as low as 0.2%. The sensitivity of the organisms, from the most to the least sensitive, was: Daphnia magna (LC50 = 0,236%) > Vibrio fisheri (LC50 = 1,85%) > Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (LC50 = 16,49). Moreover, the A. absinthium organic extract was highly toxic to D. magna (LC50 = 0,093 mg/L). A. absinthium hydrolate toxicity was also tested on a natural river microbial community. Bacterial growth was not affected; the physiology of the community was only slightly modified, namely through an increased ability to degrade different substrates, mainly carbohydrates. This study provides for the first time an exhaustive assessment of the environmental exposure of a plant-derived biopesticide and shows that these products may cause a broad range of toxicity on non-target aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma Rosa Pino-Otín
- Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Diego Ballestero
- Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Enrique Navarro
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología, CSIC, Av. Montañana 1005, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | | | - Jonatan Val
- Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Ana M Mainar
- I3A, Universidad de Zaragoza, c/ Mariano Esquillor s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain.
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Jyoti, Dheer D, Singh D, Kumar G, Karnatak M, Chandra S, Prakash Verma V, Shankar R. Thymol Chemistry: A Medicinal Toolbox. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573407214666180503120222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background: Thymol is a natural phenolic monoterpenoid widely used in pharmaceutical and
food preservative applications. Thymol isomeric with carvacrol, extracted primarily from Thymus species
(Trachyspermum ammi) and other plants sources such as Baccharisgrise bachii and Centipeda minima,
has ethnopharmacological characteristics.
<p></p>
Methods: This review was prepared by analyzing articles published on thymol moiety in last decade and
selected from Science Direct, Scopus, Pub Med, Web of Science and SciFinder. The selected articles are
classified and gives brief introduction about thymol and its isolation, illustrates its natural as well as
synthetic sources, and also therapeutic benefits of thymol worldwide
<p></p>
Results: Thymol has been covering different endeavors such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiinflammatory,
antibacterial, antifungal, antidiarrhoeal, anthelmintic, analgesic, digestive, abortifacient,
antihypertensive, spermicidal, depigmenting, antileishmanial, anticholinesterase, insecticidal and many
others. This phenolic compound is among the essential scaffolds for medicinal chemists to synthesize
more bio-active molecules by further derivatization of the thymol moiety.
<p></p>
Conclusion: Thymol is an interesting scaffold due to its different activities and derivatization of thymol
is proved to enhance its biological activities. However, more robust, randomised, controlled clinical
trials would be desirable with well-characterised thymol preparations to corroborate its beneficial effects
in diseased patients. Moreover, in view of the potential use of thymol and thymol-rich essential oils in
the treatment of human infections, comprehensive studies on chronic and acute toxicity and also teratogenicity
are to be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti
- Bio-organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Divya Dheer
- Bio-organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Davinder Singh
- Bio-organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Gulshan Kumar
- Bio-organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Manvika Karnatak
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali University, Banasthali, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Suresh Chandra
- Genetics Resources & Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-IIIM, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Ved Prakash Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali University, Banasthali, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Ravi Shankar
- Bio-organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
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Antihelminic Activity of Carvacrol, Thymol, Cinnamaldehyde and P-Cymen Against the Free-Living Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and Rat Pinworm Syphacia muris. ACTA VET-BEOGRAD 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/acve-2018-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
In the present study we tested the dose andh time dependence of the antinematodal effects of carvacrol and tyhmol on Caenorabditis elegans, and the efficacy of carvacrol, thymol, p-cymene and cinnamaldehyde,which were administrated in the drinking water of rats naturally infected with the pinworm Syphacia muris. The control treatment of the infected rats was carried out with piperazine. Thymol caused a dose and time-dependent mortality in adult C. elegans. The value of the Median Lethal Concentration (LC50) of thymol was 117.9nM after 24h and 62.89 nM after 48h of exposure. Carvacrol exhibited a higher antinematodal efficiency than thymol. The LC50 of carvacrol, after 24 hours of exposure, was 53.03 nM, while after 48 hours it was 33.83 nM. On the other hand, piperazine showed an extremely high efficacy against S. muris infection in rats. Piperazine, at a dose of 625 mg/kg bw, administered in drinking water continuously for 10 days, eliminates the infection completely. However, none of the investigated active ingredients of essential oils were effective against S. muris. The reason for the lack of efficiency may be due to their pharmacokinetic properties. A relatively low amount of, orally administered, active ingredients of essential oils reaches the distal segments of the gastrointestinal tract, where S. muris inhabits the gut (colon and cecum). The obtained results, on C. elegans, indicate a clear dose and time-dependent antinematodal effect of thymol and carvacrol. However, for clinical application, it is necessary to examine the efficacy of microencapsulated formulations with a controlled release of active ingredients of essential oils in certain parts of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Bi Y, Gao C, Yu Z. Rhabdopeptides from Xenorhabdus budapestensis SN84 and Their Nematicidal Activities against Meloidogyne incognita. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:3833-3839. [PMID: 29597344 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
For decades, plant parasitic nematodes have caused serious damage to crop production. Most nematicides are banned because of their negative impacts on the environment and public health. The repeated application of the few commercially available nematicides has caused more incidences of nematicide resistance. To seek novel nematicides, seven linear peptides named rhabdopeptides I-O, 1-7, were isolated from culture broth of Xenorhabdus budapestensis SN84. The structures of the peptides were elucidated on the basis of extensive mass spectrometry (MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses. 3, 4, and 7 were novel compounds. 1, 2, 5, and 6 were isolated and purified for the first time, despite being previously elucidated from an extract mixture based on labeling and MS experiments. All seven compounds were tested for their nematicidal activities against the second-stage juveniles (J2) of Meloidogyne incognita using 24-microwell plates. Rhabdopeptide J, 2, demonstrated strong inhibitory activity with an LC50 value of 27.8 μg/mL. Rhabdopeptide K, 3, and M, 5, showed moderate inhibitory activity with LC50 values of 46.3 and 42.4 μg/mL, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Bi
- College of Plant Protection , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chunzhi Gao
- College of Plant Protection , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Yu
- College of Plant Protection , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866 , People's Republic of China
- Engineering & Technological Research Center of Biopesticide for Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866 , People's Republic of China
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Lu H, Xu S, Zhang W, Xu C, Li B, Zhang D, Mu W, Liu F. Nematicidal Activity of trans-2-Hexenal against Southern Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) on Tomato Plants. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:544-550. [PMID: 28048941 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b04091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Botanical nematicides have recently received increasing interest because of the high risks of some traditional nematicides to human health and the environment. This study evaluated the nematicidal activity of a plant volatile, trans-2-hexenal, against Meloidogyne incognita. This compound exhibited higher activity in a fumigation experiment than in the aqueous phase in vitro. Both in pot tests and in field trials, trans-2-hexenal showed significant efficacy against M. incognita while maintaining excellent plant growth, especially at doses of 1000 and 500 L ha-1, which were superior to that of abamectin at 180 g ha-1 via hole application treatment but not significantly different from fumigation with 400 kg ha-1 of dazomet. Furthermore, plants treated with 500 L ha-1 trans-2-hexenal had fruit yields 20.2 and 45% greater than the control group. On this basis, trans-2-hexenal may be a potential alternative fumigation agent for controlling M. incognita on tomato crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbao Lu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University , 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University , Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangyu Xu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University , 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University , Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University , 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University , Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmei Xu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University , 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University , Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Beixing Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University , 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University , Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Daxia Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University , 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University , Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
- Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology, Shandong Agricultural University , Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Mu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University , 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University , Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University , 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University , Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
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Chan WK, Tan LTH, Chan KG, Lee LH, Goh BH. Nerolidol: A Sesquiterpene Alcohol with Multi-Faceted Pharmacological and Biological Activities. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21050529. [PMID: 27136520 PMCID: PMC6272852 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21050529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nerolidol (3,7,11-trimethyl-1,6,10-dodecatrien-3-ol) is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene alcohol that is present in various plants with a floral odor. It is synthesized as an intermediate in the production of (3E)-4,8-dimethy-1,3,7-nonatriene (DMNT), a herbivore-induced volatile that protects plants from herbivore damage. Chemically, nerolidol exists in two geometric isomers, a trans and a cis form. The usage of nerolidol is widespread across different industries. It has been widely used in cosmetics (e.g., shampoos and perfumes) and in non-cosmetic products (e.g., detergents and cleansers). In fact, U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has also permitted the use of nerolidol as a food flavoring agent. The fact that nerolidol is a common ingredient in many products has attracted researchers to explore more medicinal properties of nerolidol that may exert beneficial effect on human health. Therefore, the aim of this review is to compile and consolidate the data on the various pharmacological and biological activities displayed by nerolidol. Furthermore, this review also includes pharmacokinetic and toxicological studies of nerolidol. In summary, the various pharmacological and biological activities demonstrated in this review highlight the prospects of nerolidol as a promising chemical or drug candidate in the field of agriculture and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weng-Keong Chan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Loh Teng-Hern Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Kok-Gan Chan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
- Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety (Cohorts), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, 56000 Phayao, Thailand.
| | - Bey-Hing Goh
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
- Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety (Cohorts), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, 56000 Phayao, Thailand.
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Singh S, Fatima Z, Hameed S. Insights into the mode of action of anticandidal herbal monoterpenoid geraniol reveal disruption of multiple MDR mechanisms and virulence attributes in Candida albicans. Arch Microbiol 2016; 198:459-72. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-016-1205-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Tsai IJ, Tanaka R, Kanzaki N, Akiba M, Yokoi T, Espada M, Jones JT, Kikuchi T. Transcriptional and morphological changes in the transition from mycetophagous to phytophagous phase in the plant-parasitic nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2016; 17:77-83. [PMID: 25831996 PMCID: PMC6638504 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Drastic physiological and morphological changes in parasites are crucial for the establishment of a successful infection. The nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is the pathogenic agent of pine wilt disease, and little is known about the physiology and morphology in this nematode at the initial stage of infection. In this study, we devised an infection system using pine stem cuttings that allowed us to observe transcriptional and morphological changes in the host-infecting phytophagous phase. We found that 60 genes enriched in xenobiotic detoxification were up-regulated in two independent post-inoculation events, whereas down-regulation was observed in multiple members of collagen gene families. After 48 h of inoculation, the tails in some of the adult females exposed to the host changed in morphology. These results suggest that B. xylophilus may change its physiology and morphology to protect itself and to adapt to the host pine wood environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isheng J Tsai
- Division of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ryusei Tanaka
- Division of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan
| | - Natsumi Kanzaki
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, 305-8689, Japan
| | - Mitsuteru Akiba
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, 305-8689, Japan
| | - Toshiro Yokoi
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, 305-8689, Japan
| | - Margarida Espada
- Cell and Molecular Sciences Group, James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
- Nemalab-ICAAM, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, 7002-554, Évora, Portugal
| | - John T Jones
- Cell and Molecular Sciences Group, James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Taisei Kikuchi
- Division of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan
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Trailović SM, Marjanović DS, Nedeljković Trailović J, Robertson AP, Martin RJ. Interaction of carvacrol with the Ascaris suum nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors, potential mechanism of antinematodal action. Parasitol Res 2015; 114:3059-68. [PMID: 25944741 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4508-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Essential plant oils (or their active principles) are safe to use and a potentially attractive alternative to current antiparasitic drugs. In the present study, we tested the effects of carvacrol on the isolated tissues of Ascaris suum and investigated potential interactions with other antiparasitic drugs. We used somatic muscle flaps for contraction assays, as well as for electrophysiological investigations. Carvacrol 300 μM highly significantly inhibited contractions caused by 1, 3, 10, 30, and 100 μM of ACh (p = 0.0023, p = 0.0002, p = 0.0002, p < 0.0001, and p < 0.0001). The control EC50 for acetylcholine was 8.87 μM (log EC50 = 0.95 ± 0.26), while R max was 2.53 ± 0.24 g. The EC50 of acetylcholine in the presence of 300 μM of carvacrol was 27.71 μM (log EC50 = 1.44 ± 0.28) and the R max decreased to 1.63 ± 0.32 g. Furthermore, carvacrol highly significant potentiates inhibitory effect of GABA and piperazine on the contractions induced by ACh. However, carvacrol (100 and 300 μM), did not produce any changes in the membrane potential or conductance of the A. suum muscle cell. While, 300 μM of carvacrol showed a significant inhibitory effect on ACh-induced depolarization response. The mean control depolarization was 13.58 ± 0.66 mV and decreased in presence of carvacrol to 4.50 ± 1.02 mV (p < 0.0001). Mean control Δg was 0.168 ± 0.017 μS, while in the presence of 300 μM of carvacrol, Δg significantly decreased to 0.060 ± 0.018 ΔS (p = 0.0017). The inhibitory effect on contractions may be the explanation of the antinematodal potential of carvacrol. Moreover, inhibition of depolarizations caused by ACh and reduction of conductance changes directly points to an interaction with the nAChR in A. suum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saša M Trailović
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia,
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Mihara S, Shibamoto T. The role of flavor and fragrance chemicals in TRPA1 (transient receptor potential cation channel, member A1) activity associated with allergies. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2015; 11:11. [PMID: 25897313 PMCID: PMC4404258 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-015-0074-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
TRPA1 has been proposed to be associated with diverse sensory allergic reactions, including thermal (cold) nociception, hearing and allergic inflammatory conditions. Some naturally occurring compounds are known to activate TRPA1 by forming a Michael addition product with a cysteine residue of TRPA1 through covalent protein modification and, in consequence, to cause allergic reactions. The anti-allergic property of TRPA1 agonists may be due to the activation and subsequent desensitization of TRPA1 expressed in sensory neurons. In this review, naturally occurring TRPA1 antagonists, such as camphor, 1,8-cineole, menthol, borneol, fenchyl alcohol and 2-methylisoborneol, and TRPA1 agonists, including thymol, carvacrol, 1'S-1'- acetoxychavicol acetate, cinnamaldehyde, α-n-hexyl cinnamic aldehyde and thymoquinone as well as isothiocyanates and sulfides are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Mihara
- 2-10-12 Nishinippori, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo, 116-0013 Japan
| | - Takayuki Shibamoto
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
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Linsell KJ, Riley IT, Davies KA, Oldach KH. Characterization of resistance to Pratylenchus thornei (Nematoda) in wheat (Triticum aestivum): attraction, penetration, motility, and reproduction. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2014; 104:174-87. [PMID: 24047251 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-12-12-0345-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Lines from a cross between two wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars with contrasting resistance phenotypes to Pratylenchus thornei (Nematoda) were investigated to determine the stage at which resistance occurs. Host resistance was examined at nematode attraction to and penetration of roots and nematode motility, maturation, and reproduction within roots. There was no significant difference in the rate at which P. thornei was attracted toward or penetrated resistant or susceptible roots. However, suppression of migration, juvenile maturation, and reproduction in and near resistant roots was evident, suggesting that resistance acts post penetration. No preferential root penetration zone was observed in contrast to other studies. The inhibitory compounds from resistant wheat plants appeared to be constitutively expressed and water soluble because nematode migration was suppressed in roots and root exudates of unchallenged seedlings. The effects of these compounds were reversible and affected P. thornei but not P. neglectus. Apart from migration, nematode multiplication was greatly inhibited by resistance because only a few juveniles (10%) developed past stage three in roots of resistant compared with susceptible plants. Earlier in the life cycle, egg deposition and hatch of P. thornei were also significantly reduced in resistant roots and root exudates, suggesting the presence of hatching inhibitors.
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Li HQ, Liu QZ, Liu ZL, Du SS, Deng ZW. Chemical composition and nematicidal activity of essential oil of Agastache rugosa against Meloidogyne incognita. Molecules 2013; 18:4170-80. [PMID: 23571530 PMCID: PMC6270543 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18044170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was to determine the chemical composition and nematicidal activity of essential oil of Agastache rugosa flowering aerial parts against the root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, and to isolate and identify any nematicidal constituents from the essential oil. The essential oil of A. rugosa aerial parts was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. A total of 37 components of the essential oil were identified, with the principal compounds being methyleugenol (50.51%), estragole (8.55%), and eugenol (7.54%), followed by thymol (3.62%), pulegone (2.56%), limonene (2.49%) and caryophyllene (2.38%). Based on bioactivity-guided fractionation, the three active constituents were isolated from the essential oil and identified as methyleugenol, estragole and eugenol. The essential oil of A. rugosa exhibited strong nematicidal activity against M.incognita, with a LC50 value of 47.3 μg/mL. The components eugenol (LC50 = 66.6 μg/mL) and methyleugenol (LC50 = 89.4 μg/mL) exhibited stronger nematicidal activity against M.incognita (LC50 = 185.9 μg/mL). The results indicate that the essential oil of A. rugosa aerial parts and its constituent compounds have potential for development into natural nematicides for control of the root knot nematode.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Qin Li
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; E-Mails: (H.Q.L.); (Q.Z.L.)
| | - Qi Zhi Liu
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; E-Mails: (H.Q.L.); (Q.Z.L.)
| | - Zhi Long Liu
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; E-Mails: (H.Q.L.); (Q.Z.L.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (Z.L.L.); (S.S.D.); Tel./Fax: +86-10-6273-2800 (Z.L.L.); Tel./Fax: +86-10-6220-8032 (S.S.D.)
| | - Shu Shan Du
- College of Resources Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (Z.L.L.); (S.S.D.); Tel./Fax: +86-10-6273-2800 (Z.L.L.); Tel./Fax: +86-10-6220-8032 (S.S.D.)
| | - Zhi Wei Deng
- Analytic and Testing Center, Beijing Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China; E-Mail:
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