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Cheng Y, Yan S, Li L, Du S, Zhong C, Gao X, Chen C. Study on 20-hydroxyprogesterone: Chiral resolution, content determination and progesterone-like activity. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 244:106592. [PMID: 39053703 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2024.106592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
20-hydroxyprogesterone (20-DHP) is a natural metabolite of progesterone which occurs with two diastereoisomers: 20α-DHP and 20β-DHP. They have drawn attention for their progesterone-like activity since the middle of the 20th century. However, the literature from that era bears witness to a lack of consensus regarding their specific effects. Considered that their stereoisomerism differences, it is essential to investigate their biological activities in vivo separately. In this study, we presented a chemical synthesis technique that yielded highly pure samples of 20α-DHP and 20β-DHP, and performed simultaneous content analysis. Subsequently, we examined and contrasted the progesterone-like properties of 20α-DHP, 20β-DHP, and a 1:1 mixture of 20α-DHP and 20β-DHP. The Morphological observations of the endometrium were conducted via Haematoxylin-eosin staining. Serum hormone levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Furthermore, real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry were employed to analyse the relevant mRNA and protein expression, respectively. Our comparison revealed that 20α-DHP and P4 share identical progesterone-like actions, while 20β-DHP exhibits partial similarity. The progesterone activity varied when the two were combined in a 1:1 ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexuan Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, China
| | - Shujing Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, China
| | - Liangyun Li
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, China
| | - Shijie Du
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, China
| | - Chunhong Zhong
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Active Components and Drug Release Technology of Natural Drugs, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Medical Devices, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, China
| | - Xiaoli Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, China; Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Active Components and Drug Release Technology of Natural Drugs, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Medical Devices, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, China.
| | - Chunli Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, China; Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Active Components and Drug Release Technology of Natural Drugs, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Medical Devices, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, China.
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da Silva Bellini Ramos AB, Torres T, Dos Reis LFC, Lambert GC, Colombo FA, Marques MJ, Reimão JQ. Assessment of nebivolol efficacy in experimental models of toxoplasmosis: insights into parasite burden reduction and neuronal protection. Parasitol Res 2024; 123:303. [PMID: 39160298 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08318-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the efficacy of nebivolol (NBV) in experimental models of toxoplasmosis, focusing on parasite burden reduction and neuronal protection. In the acute model of experimental toxoplasmosis, Swiss mice infected with RH strain tachyzoites received oral NBV chlorhydrate doses of 2 mg/kg/day and 4 mg/kg/day for 8 days. Treatment with NBV significantly reduced parasite burden compared to vehicle and standard drug (PYR) groups. In the chronic model of experimental toxoplasmosis, C57/BL6 mice infected with the ME49 strain received NBV chlorhydrate 41 days post-infection and were evaluated after 10 days of treatment. NBV chlorhydrate effectively reduced cyst number and area, as well as bradyzoite burden compared to controls. Histological analysis demonstrated that NBV chlorhydrate preserved neuronal count, with the 4 mg/kg/day dose yielding counts similar to non-infected mice. Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences compared to control groups. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis revealed a significant reduction in iNOS labeling in the brains of mice treated with NBV chlorhydrate, indicating a decrease in nitric oxide production compared to control groups. These findings suggest NBV's potential as a promising candidate for toxoplasmosis treatment, highlighting its ability to reduce parasite burden and protect neuronal integrity. Further research is warranted to elucidate NBV's mechanisms of action and its clinical application in managing toxoplasmosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tayline Torres
- Laboratory of Preclinical Assays and Research of Alternative Sources of Innovative Therapy for Toxoplasmosis and Other Sicknesses (PARASITTOS), Faculdade de Medicina de Jundiaí, Jundiaí, Brazil
| | - Luis Felipe Cunha Dos Reis
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Carvalho Lambert
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Fábio Antônio Colombo
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Marcos José Marques
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Juliana Quero Reimão
- Laboratory of Preclinical Assays and Research of Alternative Sources of Innovative Therapy for Toxoplasmosis and Other Sicknesses (PARASITTOS), Faculdade de Medicina de Jundiaí, Jundiaí, Brazil.
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Wang H, Zhong G, Ji H, Chen S, Xie Q, Shen Z, Jia Y. Contrastive analysis on the safety of brand and generic nebivolol: a real-world pharmacovigilance study based on the FDA adverse event reporting system. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1280201. [PMID: 38357307 PMCID: PMC10864489 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1280201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The equivalence of generic drugs to their brand-name counterparts is a controversial issue. Current literature indicates disparities between the generic nebivolol (GN) and the brand nebivolol (BN). Aim: The study is designed to investigate the safety difference between GN and BN and provide reference information for clinical practice. Methods: We reviewed adverse event (AE) reports that recorded nebivolol as the primary suspect drug in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database from 2004 to 2022, conducted a disproportional analysis to detect signals for the GN and BN respectively, and compared the AE heterogeneity between them using the Breslow-Day test. Results: A total of 2613 AE reports of nebivolol were recorded in the FAERS database from 2004 to 2022, of which 2,200 were classified as BN, 346 as GN, and 67 unclassifiable AE reports were excluded. The signals of 37 AEs distributed in cardiac, gastrointestinal, psychiatric, and nervous systems were detected in disproportional analysis. 33 out of 37 AEs were positive signals, with 21 not previously listed on the drug label, indicating an unrecognized risk with nebivolol. In the heterogeneity analysis of AE signals between GN and BN, the GN generally showed a higher AE signal value than BN, especially 15 AEs distributed in the cardiac, neurological, and psychiatric systems that showed statistically significantly higher risk by taking GN. Conclusion: Our study shows some previously overlooked adverse effects of nebivolol. It suggests that the risk of GN's adverse effects may be higher than those in BN, which deserves further attention and investigation by healthcare professionals, regulators, and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guizun Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huanhuan Ji
- Department of Pharmacy Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Rare Diseases in Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
| | - Siqi Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinqin Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengze Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuntao Jia
- Department of Pharmacy Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Rare Diseases in Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
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