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Paladugu SRM, Sreekanth PSR, Sahu SK, Naresh K, Karthick SA, Venkateshwaran N, Ramoni M, Mensah RA, Das O, Shanmugam R. A Comprehensive Review of Self-Healing Polymer, Metal, and Ceramic Matrix Composites and Their Modeling Aspects for Aerospace Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8521. [PMID: 36500017 PMCID: PMC9740628 DOI: 10.3390/ma15238521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Composites can be divided into three groups based on their matrix materials, namely polymer, metal and ceramic. Composite materials fail due to micro cracks. Repairing is complex and almost impossible if cracks appear on the surface and interior, which minimizes reliability and material life. In order to save the material from failure and prolong its lifetime without compromising mechanical properties, self-healing is one of the emerging and best techniques. The studies to address the advantages and challenges of self-healing properties of different matrix materials are very limited; however, this review addresses all three different groups of composites. Self-healing composites are fabricated to heal cracks, prevent any obstructed failure, and improve the lifetime of structures. They can self-diagnose their structure after being affected by external forces and repair damages and cracks to a certain degree. This review aims to provide information on the recent developments and prospects of self-healing composites and their applications in various fields such as aerospace, automobiles etc. Fabrication and characterization techniques as well as intrinsic and extrinsic self-healing techniques are discussed based on the latest achievements, including microcapsule embedment, fibers embedment, and vascular networks self-healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Santosh Kumar Sahu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT-AP University, Amaravati 522337, India
| | - K. Naresh
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - S. Arun Karthick
- Feynman Nano Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai 603110, India
| | - N. Venkateshwaran
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai 600125, India
| | - Monsuru Ramoni
- School of Engineering, Math and Technology, Navajo Technical University, Crownpoint, NM 87313, USA
| | - Rhoda Afriyie Mensah
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Lulea University of Technology, 97187 Lulea, Sweden
| | - Oisik Das
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Lulea University of Technology, 97187 Lulea, Sweden
| | - Ragavanantham Shanmugam
- School of Engineering, Math and Technology, Navajo Technical University, Crownpoint, NM 87313, USA
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Zhang S, Zong Z, Guo CF, Ding H, Wu Z. Partial Liquid Alloy Microdroplet Sedimentation Induced a Gradient Porous Structured Elastomer with a Tunable Property for an Anisotropic Robotic Bulk. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:50079-50089. [PMID: 36282010 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c12384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
With the confrontation of ever increasing complicated working objects and unstructured environments, it is necessary for soft robots to be equipped with diverse intelligent mechanical structures, for example, anisotropically motorial bulk and timely proprio/exteroceptive sensing with programmable morphologies. Owing to abundant pores inside, porous media are promising to host various intelligent functions as interfaces/structures of robots yet challenging because of a limited anisotropic response inherited from a random hierarchical pore distribution. Here, an electron competition between Ga, N, and Pt is found and used to tune the polymerization of a gradient liquid alloy and NH4HCO3-suspended silicone precursor mixture and, thus, decompose gas movements in gradient pore formation under high-temperature heating (120 °C). By such a competition-collaboration effect, we present here an interconnected gradient porous structure (GPS) that can serve as an anisotropically robotic motorial bulk. Moreover, the mechanical stiffness and piezoresistive/capacitive property of GPS can be further tuned and reconfigured via so-called self-sucked coating, following solvent erasing. Such new structures provide a dynamic tactile recognition with an ultrabroad sensing range (from 135 Pa to 2.3 MPa) and a reconfigurable biomimetic elephant trunk with monolithic proprioceptive sensing-integrated bulks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Zisheng Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Fei Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, People's Republic of China
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Aazmi A, Zhou H, Lv W, Yu M, Xu X, Yang H, Zhang YS, Ma L. Vascularizing the brain in vitro. iScience 2022; 25:104110. [PMID: 35378862 PMCID: PMC8976127 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain is arguably the most fascinating and complex organ in the human body. Recreating the brain in vitro is an ambition restricted by our limited understanding of its structure and interacting elements. One of these interacting parts, the brain microvasculature, is distinguished by a highly selective barrier known as the blood-brain barrier (BBB), limiting the transport of substances between the blood and the nervous system. Numerous in vitro models have been used to mimic the BBB and constructed by implementing a variety of microfabrication and microfluidic techniques. However, currently available models still cannot accurately imitate the in vivo characteristics of BBB. In this article, we review recent BBB models by analyzing each parameter affecting the accuracy of these models. Furthermore, we propose an investigation of the synergy between BBB models and neuronal tissue biofabrication, which results in more advanced models, including neurovascular unit microfluidic models and vascularized brain organoid-based models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdellah Aazmi
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hongzhao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Weikang Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Mengfei Yu
- The Affiliated Stomatologic Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiaobin Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Huayong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Liang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Feng JF, Tan M, Zhang S, Li BJ. Recent Advances of Porous Materials Based on Cyclodextrin. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100497. [PMID: 34608701 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Porous materials have attracted significant attention because of their rising applications in many fields. Cyclodextrins (CDs) are suitable building units in the fabrication of porous materials owing to their intrinsic nanoporous structure, easy modification, and biocompatibility, which may result in the formation of CD-based organic frameworks (including cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks (CD-MOFs) and cyclodextrin covalent organic frameworks (CD-COFs)), and CD-based polymer hybrid porous materials. This review focuses on the recent progress in the fabrication and applications of CD-based porous materials with novel structures and functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Feng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Min Tan
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Bang-Jing Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chengdu, 610065, China
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Gavriil V, Chatzichristidi M, Christofilos D, Kourouklis GA, Kollia Z, Bakalis E, Cefalas AC, Sarantopoulou E. Entropy and Random Walk Trails Water Confinement and Non-Thermal Equilibrium in Photon-Induced Nanocavities. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1101. [PMID: 32498312 PMCID: PMC7353189 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Molecules near surfaces are regularly trapped in small cavitations. Molecular confinement, especially water confinement, shows intriguing and unexpected behavior including surface entropy adjustment; nevertheless, observations of entropic variation during molecular confinement are scarce. An experimental assessment of the correlation between surface strain and entropy during molecular confinement in tiny crevices is difficult because strain variances fall in the nanometer scale. In this work, entropic variations during water confinement in 2D nano/micro cavitations were observed. Experimental results and random walk simulations of water molecules inside different size nanocavitations show that the mean escaping time of molecular water from nanocavities largely deviates from the mean collision time of water molecules near surfaces, crafted by 157 nm vacuum ultraviolet laser light on polyacrylamide matrixes. The mean escape time distribution of a few molecules indicates a non-thermal equilibrium state inside the cavity. The time differentiation inside and outside nanocavities reveals an additional state of ordered arrangements between nanocavities and molecular water ensembles of fixed molecular length near the surface. The configured number of microstates correctly counts for the experimental surface entropy deviation during molecular water confinement. The methodology has the potential to identify confined water molecules in nanocavities with life science importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilios Gavriil
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece; (V.G.); (Z.K.); (E.B.); (A.-C.C.)
- School of Chemical Engineering and Physics Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (D.C.); (G.A.K.)
| | - Margarita Chatzichristidi
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece;
| | - Dimitrios Christofilos
- School of Chemical Engineering and Physics Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (D.C.); (G.A.K.)
| | - Gerasimos A. Kourouklis
- School of Chemical Engineering and Physics Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (D.C.); (G.A.K.)
| | - Zoe Kollia
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece; (V.G.); (Z.K.); (E.B.); (A.-C.C.)
| | - Evangelos Bakalis
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece; (V.G.); (Z.K.); (E.B.); (A.-C.C.)
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Giamician” University di Bologna, Via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alkiviadis-Constantinos Cefalas
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece; (V.G.); (Z.K.); (E.B.); (A.-C.C.)
| | - Evangelia Sarantopoulou
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece; (V.G.); (Z.K.); (E.B.); (A.-C.C.)
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A new approach to the structure–properties relationship evaluation for porous polymer composites. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-2479-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Naga N, Fujioka S, Inose D, Ahmed K, Nageh H, Nakano T. Synthesis and properties of porous polymers synthesized by Michael addition reactions of multi-functional acrylate, diamine, and dithiol compounds. RSC Adv 2019; 10:60-69. [PMID: 35492514 PMCID: PMC9047082 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09684a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous polymers have been synthesized by Michael addition reactions of multi-functional acrylate and diamine or dithiol compounds. Aza-Michael addition reaction of multi-functional acrylate, trimethylolpropane propoxylate triacrylate (TPT) and hexamethylene diamine (HDA) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) successfully yielded the porous polymer. The porous structure was characterized by connected globules or co-continuous structure, and could be controlled by the reaction conditions. Mechanical properties of the porous polymers were investigated by compression test. The porous polymers with co-continuous structure showed higher Young's modulus than those with connected globules. The porous polymer absorbed some organic solvents, especially CHCl3. The porous polymer as prepared in DMSO state showed coloring induced by Christiansen filter effect depending on the reaction time and observation temperature. The thio-Michael addition reaction of TPT and 1,6-hexanedithiol (HDT) in DMSO using different base catalysts also yielded the porous polymer. The porous structure could be controlled by the catalysts amount when the reaction was initiated by a photo-base generator as the base catalyst. The present reaction systems make it possible to synthesize the porous polymers with simple process without phase separator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naofumi Naga
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology 3-7-5 Toyosu, Koto-ku Tokyo 135-8548 Japan.,Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology 3-7-5 Toyosu, Koto-ku Tokyo 135-8548 Japan
| | - Shun Fujioka
- Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology 3-7-5 Toyosu, Koto-ku Tokyo 135-8548 Japan
| | - Daisuke Inose
- Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology 3-7-5 Toyosu, Koto-ku Tokyo 135-8548 Japan
| | - Kumkum Ahmed
- SIT Research Laboratpries, Shibaura Institute of Technology 3-7-5 Toyosu, Koto-ku Tokyo 135-8548 Japan
| | - Hassan Nageh
- Institute for Catalysis and Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University N 21, W 10, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Tamaki Nakano
- Institute for Catalysis and Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University N 21, W 10, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan.,Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCA), Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University N 21, W 10, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
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Mohamed TM, Nasef SM, Mahmoud GA. Preparation of high sensitive colorimetric sensing film for detection of iron ions using gamma irradiation. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2019.1599940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tarek M. Mohamed
- Polymer Chemistry Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa M. Nasef
- Polymer Chemistry Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada A. Mahmoud
- Polymer Chemistry Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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