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Cooperative effect of polyvinylpyrrolidone and HPMC E5 on dissolution and bioavailability of nimodipine solid dispersions and tablets. Asian J Pharm Sci 2018; 14:668-676. [PMID: 32104493 PMCID: PMC7032151 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
HPMC was used to inhibit crystallization both in solid dispersions and tablets. Fluid-bed technique was employed to realize the scaling-up of solid dispersions. Dissolution results became reliable with the usage of discriminatory media. The results of the bioavailability showed a higher AUC0–12 h value for fluid-bed tablets, compared to Nimotop™.
Solid dispersion (SD) systems have been extensively used to increase the dissolution and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. To circumvent the limitations of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) dispersions, HPMC E5 was applied in the formulation process and scaling-up techniques, simultaneously. In this study, SD of nimodipine (NMP) and corresponding tablets were prepared through solvent method and fluid bed granulating one step technique, respectively. Discriminatory dissolution media were used to obtain reliable dissolution results. Meanwhile, the stability study of SDs was investigated with storage under high temperature and humidity conditions. Moreover, the solubility of SDs was measured to explore the effect of carriers. The preparations were characterized by DSC, PXRD, and FTIR. Dramatical improvements in the dissolution rate of NMP were achieved by the ingenious combination of the two polymers. Binary NMP/PVP/HPMC-SDs released steadily, while the dissolution of single NMP/PVP-SDs decreased rapidly in water. The fluid-bed tablets (FB-T) possessed a similar dissolution behavior to the commercial Nimotop™ tablets. The characterization patterns implied that NMP existed in an amorphous state in our SDs. Furthermore, the results of stability tests suggested a better stability of the binary SDs. A special cooperative effect of PVP and HPMC was discovered on dissolution characteristics of NMP SDs and tablets, which could be extended to other drugs henceforth. Finally, the bioavailability of FB-T was evaluated in beagle dogs with Nimotop™ as the reference, and the results showed a higher AUC0–12hvalue for FB-T.
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Calvo NL, Balzaretti NM, Antonio M, Kaufman TS, Maggio RM. Chemometrics-assisted study of the interconversion between the crystalline forms of nimodipine. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 158:461-470. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
AbstractThe polymorphs of nimodipine, Modification I (Mod I), the metastable racemate, and Modification II (Mod II), the stable conglomerate, were evaluated by means of the intrinsic dissolution procedure. For this purpose, a hydro alcoholic solution (ethanol:water, 50:50, v/v) was selected as the dissolution medium, maintained at 37±0.5°C. Different rotation speeds were tested (50, 75 and 100 rpm) and the lower one was chosen for the test validation. Although the sample initially characterized as polymorph Mod I presented higher intrinsic dissolution rates in all the conditions tested, no statistical differences were noticed between the two polymorphs. This result can be attributed to the partial solution-mediated phase transformation from Mod I to Mod II, detected through X-ray powder diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. Also, reliable intrinsic dissolution rate data were acquired for the polymorph Mod II. The dissolution method was validated, being considered stable, specific, linear, sensible, accurate and precise.
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Riekes MK, Kuminek G, Rauber GS, de Campos CEM, Bortoluzzi AJ, Stulzer HK. HPMC as a potential enhancer of nimodipine biopharmaceutical properties via ball-milled solid dispersions. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 99:474-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Polymorphism in nimodipine raw materials: Development and validation of a quantitative method through differential scanning calorimetry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 70:188-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Revised: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Prestes PS, Soares FASM, Oliveira AM, Arêas EPG, Gioielli LA, Kaneko TM, Guimarães KL, Zanin MHA, Velasco MVR, Baby AR. Rheological Measurements and Thermal Characterization of Lamellar Gel Phase Emulsions Developed with Cetearyl Alcohol/Nonionic Ethoxylated Surfactants. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2011.620893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Fu Q, Kou L, Gong C, Li M, Sun J, Zhang D, Liu M, Sui X, Liu K, Wang S, He Z. Relationship between dissolution and bioavailability for nimodipine colloidal dispersions: The critical size in improving bioavailability. Int J Pharm 2012; 427:358-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Revised: 02/07/2012] [Accepted: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Murakami FS, Lang KL, Mendes C, Cruz AP, Filho MAC, Silva MA. Physico-chemical solid-state characterization of omeprazole sodium: Thermal, spectroscopic and crystallinity studies. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2009; 49:72-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2008.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2008] [Revised: 10/03/2008] [Accepted: 10/06/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Physical-chemical characterization and quality control of spironolactone raw material samples. Pharm Chem J 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-008-0129-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Viscomi GC, Campana M, Barbanti M, Grepioni F, Polito M, Confortini D, Rosini G, Righi P, Cannata V, Braga D. Crystal forms of rifaximin and their effect on pharmaceutical properties. CrystEngComm 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b717887e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Docoslis A, Huszarik KL, Papageorgiou GZ, Bikiaris D, Stergiou D, Georgarakis E. Characterization of the distribution, polymorphism, and stability of nimodipine in its solid dispersions in polyethylene glycol by micro-Raman spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction. AAPS J 2007; 9:E361-70. [PMID: 18170983 PMCID: PMC2751488 DOI: 10.1208/aapsj0903043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2007] [Revised: 10/23/2007] [Accepted: 10/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, a series of solid dispersions of the drug nimodipine using polyethylene glycol as carrier were prepared following the hot-melt method. Micro-Raman spectroscopy in conjunction with X-ray powder diffractometry was used for the characterization of the solid structure, including spatial distribution, physical state, and presence of polymorphs, as well as storage stability of nimodipine in its solid formulations. The effect of storage time on drug stability was investigated by examination of the samples 6 months and 18 months after preparation. Confocal micro-Raman mapping performed on the samples showed that the drug was not uniformly distributed on a microscopic level. The presence of crystals of nimodipine with sizes varying between one and several micrometers was detected, and the crystal size seemed to increase with overall drug content. In samples examined 6 months after preparation it was found that the crystals existed mainly as the racemic compound, whereas after 18 months of storage mainly crystal conglomerates were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristides Docoslis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University at Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
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Abstract
Papers and patents that deal with polymorphism (crystal systems for which a substance can exist in structures characterized by different unit cells, but where each of the forms consists of exactly the same elemental composition) and solvatomorphism (systems where the crystal structures of the substance are defined by different unit cells, but where these unit cells differ in their elemental composition through the inclusion of one or molecules of solvent) have been summarized in an annual review. The works cited in this review were published during 2005, and were drawn primarily from the major physical, crystallographic, and pharmaceutical journals. The review is divided into sections that cover articles of general interest, computational and theoretical studies, preparative and isolation methods, structural characterization and properties of polymorphic and solvatomorphic systems, studies of phase transformations, effects associated with secondary processing, and United States patents issued during 2005.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry G Brittain
- Center for Pharmaceutical Physics, 10 Charles Road, Milford, New Jersey 08848, USA
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Papageorgiou GZ, Bikiaris D, Karavas E, Politis S, Docoslis A, Park Y, Stergiou A, Georgarakis E. Effect of physical state and particle size distribution on dissolution enhancement of nimodipine/PEG solid dispersions prepared by melt mixing and solvent evaporation. AAPS J 2006; 8:E623-31. [PMID: 17233527 PMCID: PMC2751358 DOI: 10.1208/aapsj080471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2006] [Accepted: 07/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The physical structure and polymorphism of nimodipine were studied by means of micro-Raman, WAXD, DSC, and SEM for cases of the pure drug and its solid dispersions in PEG 4000, prepared by both the hot-melt and solvent evaporation methods. The dissolution rates of nimodipine/PEG 4000 solid dispersions were also measured and discussed in terms of their physicochemical characteristics. Micro-Raman and WAXD revealed a significant amorphous portion of the drug in the samples prepared by the hot-melt method, and that saturation resulted in local crystallization of nimodipine forming, almost exclusively, modification I crystals (racemic compound). On the other hand, mainly modification II crystals (conglomerate) were observed in the solid dispersions prepared by the solvent evaporation method. However, in general, both drug forms may appear in the solid dispersions. SEM and HSM microscopy studies indicated that the drug particle size increased with drug content. The dissolution rates were substantially improved for nimodipine from its solid dispersions compared with the pure drug or physical mixtures. Among solid dispersions, those resulting from solvent coevaporation exhibited a little faster drug release at drug concentrations lower than 20 wt%. Drug amorphization is the main reason for this behavior. At higher drug content the dissolution rates became lower compared with the samples from melt, due to the drug crystallization in modification II, which results in higher crystallinity and increased particle size. Overall, the best results were found for low drug content, for which lower drug crystallinity and smaller particle size were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Z. Papageorgiou
- />Laboratory of Organic Chemical Technology, Chemistry Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Bikiaris
- />Laboratory of Organic Chemical Technology, Chemistry Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | - Aristides Docoslis
- />Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University at Kingston, Ontario Canada
| | - Yong Park
- />Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University at Kingston, Ontario Canada
| | - Anagnostis Stergiou
- />Applied Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Emmanouel Georgarakis
- />Section of Pharmaceutics and Drug Control, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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