The Use of Surface Analysis Techniques to Determine the Route of Manufacture of Tablet Dosage Forms

Impact of high shear blending on distribution of magnesium stearate on lactose for dry powder inhaled formulations

The use of magnesium stearate along with lactose in Dry Powder Inhaler (DPI) formulations is increasing. The impact of different conditions of high shear blending on the distribution of magnesium stearate on lactose particles was investigated in this study. The formulated blends were manufactured using high shear blending of pre-blended coarse and fine lactose particles with 1.0% (w/w) magnesium stearate under different blending conditions, specifically blending speed and time. The effects of blending conditions on the distribution of magnesium stearate on lactose particles were clearly identifiable by characterizing the formulated blends by means of rheological evaluations, scanning electron microscopy, and chemical surface analysis using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). Rheological properties were significantly affected in blends with magnesium stearate compared to blends without magnesium stearate. Blending speed exhibited a strong influence on the distribution of magnesium stearate on lactose surface, while blending time had relatively minor effect.