1
|
Shin JH, Han JA. Influence of Casting Variables on Release Kinetics of Orally Disintegrating Film. Foods 2024; 13:1418. [PMID: 38731789 PMCID: PMC11083982 DOI: 10.3390/foods13091418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
As a new form for supplying vitamin C, orally disintegrating films (ODFs) were developed C based on hyaluronic acid (HA) under varying casting conditions and the properties were analyzed. The films with different thicknesses (2, 3, and 8 mm, for CT2, CT4, and CT8, respectively) were produced by adjustments made to casting height. Two types of 8 mm thick ODFs produced by single or double casting (4 + 4 mm for CTD4+4) methods were also compared. As film thickness increased, water vapor permeability and tensile strength also increased. Even at equal thickness, manufacturing with double casting exhibited a stronger texture and reduced disintegration compared to single casting. All ODFs met the World Health Organization's recommended daily vitamin C intake (45 mg/day) with a single sheet. Films showed over 80% dissolution in various solvents, adhering to the Hixson-Crowell cube root law, indicating vitamin C release occurred via porous penetration of the eluate. For CT2, CT4, and CTD4+4, vitamin C release was primarily governed by diffusion within the gel matrix and HA erosion. However, for CT8, HA erosion-induced release somewhat dominated. Based on the sensory test, it seems desirable to adjust the thickness of the film to 2 or 4 mm, because a thickness greater than that increased the foreign body sensation due to prolonged residence in the oral cavity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jang-Ho Shin
- Department of Food Service Management and Nutrition, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jung-Ah Han
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wanasathop A, Patel PB, Choi HA, Li SK. Permeability of Buccal Mucosa. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1814. [PMID: 34834229 PMCID: PMC8624797 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The buccal mucosa provides an alternative route of drug delivery that can be more beneficial compared to other administration routes. Although numerous studies and reviews have been published on buccal drug delivery, an extensive review of the permeability data is not available. Understanding the buccal mucosa barrier could provide insights into the approaches to effective drug delivery and optimization of dosage forms. This paper provides a review on the permeability of the buccal mucosa. The intrinsic permeability coefficients of porcine buccal mucosa were collected. Large variability was observed among the published permeability data. The permeability coefficients were then analyzed using a model involving parallel lipoidal and polar transport pathways. For the lipoidal pathway, a correlation was observed between the permeability coefficients and permeant octanol/water partition coefficients (Kow) and molecular weight (MW) in a subset of the permeability data under specific conditions. The permeability analysis suggested that the buccal permeation barrier was less lipophilic than octanol. For the polar pathway and macromolecules, a correlation was observed between the permeability coefficients and permeant MW. The hindered transport analysis suggested an effective pore radius of 1.5 to 3 nm for the buccal membrane barrier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - S. Kevin Li
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, MSB # 3005, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; (A.W.); (P.B.P.); (H.A.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Silva Favacho HA, Oliveira do Couto R, Ferreira Duarte MP, Garofo Peixoto MP, Vianna Lopez RF, Pedrazzi V, Masetto de Gaitani C, de Freitas O. Synergy between surfactants and mucoadhesive polymers enhances the transbuccal permeation of local anesthetics from freeze-dried tablets. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 108:110373. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
4
|
Padula C, Pescina S, Nicoli S, Santi P. New Insights on the Mechanism of Fatty Acids as Buccal Permeation Enhancers. Pharmaceutics 2018; 10:pharmaceutics10040201. [PMID: 30355980 PMCID: PMC6321376 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10040201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Buccal mucosa has recently received much attention as a potential route for systemic delivery of drugs, including biologics and vaccines. The aim of this work was to gain insight into the mechanism of fatty acids as buccal permeation enhancers, by studying the effect of a series of medium and long chain fatty acids on the permeation of a model high molecular weight and hydrophilic molecule, fluorescein isothiocyanate labelled dextran (FD-4, m.w. 4 kDa) across porcine esophageal epithelium. A parabolic relationship between fatty acid lipophilicity and enhancement was obtained, regardless of the presence and number of double bonds. The relationship, which resembles the well-known relationship between permeability and lipophilicity of transdermal delivery, presents a maximum value in correspondence of C10 (logP approx. 4). This is probably the ideal lipophilicity for the fatty acid to interact with the lipid domains of the mucosa. When the same analysis was performed on skin data, the same trend was observed, although the maximum value was reached for C12 (logP approx. 5), in agreement with the higher lipophilicity of the skin. The results obtained in the present work represent a significant advancement in the understanding of the mechanisms of action of fatty acids as buccal penetration enhancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Padula
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/a, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Silvia Pescina
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/a, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Sara Nicoli
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/a, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Santi
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/a, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
do Couto RO, Cubayachi C, Calefi PL, Lopez RFV, Pedrazzi V, De Gaitani CM, de Freitas O. Combining amino amide salts in mucoadhesive films enhances needle-free buccal anesthesia in adults. J Control Release 2017; 266:205-215. [PMID: 28974451 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Needle-phobia is usually a great concern in dentistry, and the replacement of painful injections by patient-friendly needle-free topical formulations would bring several advantages in dental practice worldwide. In this pursuit, the effects of combining prilocaine hydrochloride (PCL) and lidocaine hydrochloride (LCL) in different proportions in mucoadhesive films on their in vitro permeation and retention through porcine esophageal mucosa was studied. Complementarily, the permeation and retention of isolated LCL was investigated. The in vitro model used for evaluating buccal anesthetic penetration and retention in buccal epithelium was validated. In addition, the feasibility of a novel in vivo model to evaluate the painful sensation due to puncture "needle-shaped" gum jaw of adults at shallow and deep levels was demonstrated. The in vivo clinical survey revealed the efficiency of the films, which had onset of anesthesia at 5min, peak of anesthetic effect within 15 and 25min and anesthesia duration of 50min after being placed in maxillary sites. The in vitro drug flux, permeability coefficient and retention in the epithelium significantly correlated with in vivo onset, peak and extent of shallow and deep anesthetic effect. At shallow level, the permeation of LCL has shown to be closely related to the onset of anesthesia, while the penetration of PCL has a significant impact in the peak of anesthetic effect. Concerning the deep level, the penetration of PCL is required to attain the onset of anesthetic effect. The total amount of drug retained in the epithelium showed to modulate the extent of both shallow and deep anesthesia. Thus, the combination of LCL and PCL in mucoadhesive films may offer dentists and their patients a safe improvement for pain management during dental procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renê Oliveira do Couto
- The State University of Londrina, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
| | - Camila Cubayachi
- University of São Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Linares Calefi
- University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Vinícius Pedrazzi
- University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Osvaldo de Freitas
- University of São Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Roh J, Han M, Kim KN, Kim KM. The in vitro and in vivo effects of a fast-dissolving mucoadhesive bi-layered strip as topical anesthetics. Dent Mater J 2017; 35:601-5. [PMID: 27477225 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2015-369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
To overcome pain on injection, the dentist can apply a topical anesthetic spray. Despite the convenience, it is not easy to apply it locally. So, we developed an oral mucoadhesive bi-layer film containing an anesthetic. We used polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and HPMC-only layer as the drug-containing layer and ethyl cellulose (EC) as the backing layer. The lidocaine released was tested in vitro together with the adhesion time and cytotoxicity of the film. Mucosa permeability was tested in vivo. Statistical analysis was performed, with p at 0.05 taken to be significant. The lidocaine was released significantly faster in the PVP/HPMC than HPMC-only group and 80% of the drug was released within 1 min (p<0.05) and they attached at least 3 h. The test groups showed no toxicity and the drug effectively permeated the mucosa (p<0.05). We suggest this new mucoadhesive anesthetic may reduce dental phobia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeon Roh
- BK 21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lindert S, Breitkreutz J. Oromucosal multilayer films for tailor-made, controlled drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2017; 14:1265-1279. [PMID: 28043165 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2017.1276899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The oral mucosa has recently become increasingly important as an alternative administration route for tailor-made, controlled drug delivery. Oromucosal multilayer films, assigned to the monograph oromucosal preparations in the Ph.Eur. may be a promising dosage form to overcome the requirements related to this drug delivery site. Areas covered: We provide an overview of multilayer films as drug delivery tools, and discuss manufacturing processes and characterization methods. We focus on the suitability of characterization methods for particular requirements of multilayer films. A classification was performed covering indication areas and APIs incorporated in multilayer film systems for oromucosal use in order to provide a summary of data published in this field. Expert opinion: The shift in drug development to high molecular weight drugs will influence the field of pharmaceutical development and delivery technologies. For a high number of indication areas, such as hormonal disorders, cardiovascular diseases or local treatment of infections, the flexible layer design of oromucosal multilayer films provides a promising option for tailor-made, controlled delivery of APIs to or through defined surfaces in the oral cavity. However, there is a lack of discriminating or standardized testing methods to assess the quality of multilayer films in a reliable way.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Lindert
- a Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics , Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Jörg Breitkreutz
- a Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics , Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , Düsseldorf , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Franz-Montan M, Ribeiro LNDM, Volpato MC, Cereda CMS, Groppo FC, Tofoli GR, de Araújo DR, Santi P, Padula C, de Paula E. Recent advances and perspectives in topical oral anesthesia. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 14:673-684. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2016.1227784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
9
|
Couto RO, Cubayachi C, Lopez RFV, de Gaitani CM, Pedrazzi V, de Freitas O. A simple and high-resolution HPLC-PDA method for simultaneous quantification of local anesthetics inin vitrobuccal permeation enhancement studies. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 30:857-66. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Renê O. Couto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Camila Cubayachi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Renata F. V. Lopez
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Cristiane M. de Gaitani
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Vinícius Pedrazzi
- School of Odontology of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Osvaldo de Freitas
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gaikwad SS, Thombre SK, Kale YK, Gondkar SB, Darekar AB. Design andin vitrocharacterization of buccoadhesive tablets of timolol maleate. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2014; 40:680-90. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2014.892955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
11
|
Preis M, Woertz C, Schneider K, Kukawka J, Broscheit J, Roewer N, Breitkreutz J. Design and evaluation of bilayered buccal film preparations for local administration of lidocaine hydrochloride. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2014; 86:552-61. [PMID: 24388912 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2013.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Bilayered oromucosal film preparations (buccal films) offer a promising way to enable drug administration via the oral cavity. Adding a non-soluble or slowly eroding/dissolving backing layer to a mucoadhesive drug-loaded layer enables unidirectional drug delivery. The aim of this study was to investigate different approaches to the manufacture of bilayered films and to examine their properties by applying different characterization methods including an optimized experimental setup for the study of drug release from bilayered films. A solvent suitability study was performed screening over 15 polymers with respect to their feasibility for viscous film formation for film preparation by solvent casting method. Two methods (double-casting and pasting) were found as suitable methods for bilayered film manufacturing. Results from drug release experiments indicated that slowly eroding hypromellose backing layer films revealed the best shielding of the drug-loaded layer to enable unidirectional drug release. In summary, manufacturing of bilayered films using the described methods was feasible. Furthermore, the use of an optimized experimental setup for drug dissolution studies enabled monitoring of drug release without delays in sampling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maren Preis
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Heinrich-Heine-University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Sapiotec GmbH, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Christina Woertz
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Heinrich-Heine-University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Katharina Schneider
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Heinrich-Heine-University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jennifer Kukawka
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Heinrich-Heine-University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jens Broscheit
- Sapiotec GmbH, Würzburg, Germany; University of Würzburg, Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Norbert Roewer
- Sapiotec GmbH, Würzburg, Germany; University of Würzburg, Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Breitkreutz
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Heinrich-Heine-University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Preis M, Woertz C, Kleinebudde P, Breitkreutz J. Oromucosal film preparations: classification and characterization methods. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2013; 10:1303-17. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2013.804058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
13
|
Cavallari C, Fini A, Ospitali F. Mucoadhesive multiparticulate patch for the intrabuccal controlled delivery of lidocaine. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2013; 83:405-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Revised: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
14
|
Ramineni SK, Cunningham LL, Dziubla TD, Puleo DA. COMPETING PROPERTIES OF MUCOADHESIVE FILMS DESIGNED FOR LOCALIZED DELIVERY OF IMIQUIMOD. Biomater Sci 2013; 1:753-762. [PMID: 23750320 DOI: 10.1039/c3bm60064e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oral mucosal delivery has gained prominence in the last two decades because the rich vasculature of the tissue enables rapid delivery and avoidance of first pass metabolism. Although commercial mucoadhesives are used for systemic delivery, systems are not currently available for treatment of local conditions. In the present work, mucoadhesive films are being developed for locally controlled release of an immune response modifier for preventing precancerous lesions from progressing to oral squamous cell carcinoma. Previous research showed that films composed of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) released imiquimod in a sustained manner for 3 hr. In continuing development of the system, additional key properties were investigated with changes in composition. While adhesive properties in pull-off (0.42±0.03 to 1.1±0.1 N/cm2) and shear adhesion (1.7±0.25 to 5.6±1.4 N/cm2) increased with increasing PVP content of films, tensile properties, such as modulus (6.9±1.5 to 1.8±0.2 MPa) and ultimate strength (4.2±0.7 to 2.1±0.02 MPa), decreased as PVP content increased. Release profiles of the films showed that an increased PVP content resulted in burst release and faster erosion compared to sustained release and slower erosion with more CMC. Studies of transport kinetics showed that the films doubled the amount of imiquimod localized within epithelium compared to drug in solution, increasing their potential for local treatment of oral dysplasia. The mucoadhesive drug delivery system based on CMC and PVP offers a wide range of these properties without addition of new constituents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep K Ramineni
- Center for Biomedical Engineering University of Kentucky Lexington, KY USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Modeling the oral cavity: In vitro and in vivo evaluations of buccal drug delivery systems. J Control Release 2012; 161:746-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2012] [Revised: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
16
|
Abu-Huwaij R, Obaidat RM, Sweidan K, Al-Hiari Y. Formulation and in vitro evaluation of xanthan gum or carbopol 934-based mucoadhesive patches, loaded with nicotine. AAPS PharmSciTech 2011; 12:21-7. [PMID: 21161460 PMCID: PMC3066338 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-010-9534-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2009] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bilayer nicotine mucoadhesive patches were prepared and evaluated to determine the feasibility of the formulation as a nicotine replacement product to aid in smoking cessation. Nicotine patches were prepared using xanthan gum or carbopol 934 as a mucoadhesive polymers and ethyl cellulose as a backing layer. The patches were evaluated for their thickness, weight and content uniformity, swelling behavior, drug-polymers interaction, adhesive properties, and drug release. The physicochemical interactions between nicotine and the polymers were investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Mucoadhesion was assessed using two-arm balance method, and the in vitro release was studied using the Franz cell. FTIR revealed that there was an acid base interaction between nicotine and carbopol as well as nicotine and xanthan. Interestingly, the mucoadhesion and in vitro release studies indicated that this interaction was strong between the drug and carbopol whereas it was weak between the drug and xanthan. Loading nicotine concentration to non-medicated patches showed a significant decrease in the mucoadhesion strength of carbopol patches and no significant effect on the mucoadhesion strength of xanthan patches. In vitro release studies of the xanthan patches showed a reasonable fast initial release profile followed by controlled drug release over a 10-h period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rana M. Obaidat
- />Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Obaidat RM, Bader A, Al-Rajab W, Abu Sheikha G, Obaidat AA. Preparation of mucoadhesive oral patches containing tetracycline hydrochloride and carvacrol for treatment of local mouth bacterial infections and candidiasis. Sci Pharm 2011; 79:197-212. [PMID: 21617783 PMCID: PMC3097507 DOI: 10.3797/scipharm.1004-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The specific aim of this work was to prepare mucoadhesive patches containing tetracycline hydrochloride and carvacrol in an attempt to develop a novel oral drug delivery system for the treatment of mouth infections. The bilayered patches were prepared using ethyl cellulose as a backing layer and carbopol 934 as a matrix mucoadhesive layer. Patches were prepared with different loading amounts of tetracycline hydrochloride and carvacrol. The antimicrobial activity was assessed for the prepared patches using the disc-diffusion method against the yeast Candida albicans and five bacterial strains, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus bronchispti. In this work, we highlighted the possibility of occurrence of a synergistic action between carvacrol and tetracycline. The best formulation was selected based on microbiological tests, drug release, ex-vivo mucoadhesive performance, and swelling index. Physical characteristics of the selected formulations were determined. These included pH, patch thickness, weight uniformity, content uniformity, folding endurance, and patch stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rana M Obaidat
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Morales JO, McConville JT. Manufacture and characterization of mucoadhesive buccal films. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2010; 77:187-99. [PMID: 21130875 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2010.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2010] [Revised: 11/24/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The buccal route of administration has a number of advantages including bypassing the gastrointestinal tract and the hepatic first pass effect. Mucoadhesive films are retentive dosage forms and release drug directly into a biological substrate. Furthermore, films have improved patient compliance due to their small size and reduced thickness, compared for example to lozenges and tablets. The development of mucoadhesive buccal films has increased dramatically over the past decade because it is a promising delivery alternative to various therapeutic classes including peptides, vaccines, and nanoparticles. The "film casting process" involves casting of aqueous solutions and/or organic solvents to yield films suitable for this administration route. Over the last decade, hot-melt extrusion has been explored as an alternative manufacturing process and has yielded promising results. Characterization of critical properties such as the mucoadhesive strength, drug content uniformity, and permeation rate represent the major research areas in the design of buccal films. This review will consider the literature that describes the manufacture and characterization of mucoadhesive buccal films.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier O Morales
- College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Shidhaye SS, Thakkar PV, Dand NM, Kadam VJ. Buccal drug delivery of pravastatin sodium. AAPS PharmSciTech 2010; 11:416-24. [PMID: 20300898 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-010-9381-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2009] [Accepted: 01/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop and optimize formulations of mucoadhesive bilayered buccal tablets of pravastatin sodium using carrageenan gum as the base matrix. The tablets were prepared by direct compression method. Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) K 30, Pluronic(R) F 127, and magnesium oxide were used to improve tablet properties. Magnesium stearate, talc, and lactose were used to aid the compression of tablets. The tablets were found to have good appearance, uniform thickness, diameter, weight, pH, and drug content. A 2(3) full factorial design was employed to study the effect of independent variables viz. levels of carrageenan gum, Pluronic F 127 and PVP K30, which significantly influenced characteristics like in vitro mucoadhesive strength, in vitro drug release, swelling index, and in vitro residence time. The tablet was coated with an impermeable backing layer of ethyl cellulose to ensure unidirectional drug release. Different penetration enhancers were tried to improve the permeation of pravastatin sodium through buccal mucosa. Formulation containing 1% sodium lauryl sulfate showed good permeation of pravastatin sodium through mucosa. Histopathological studies revealed no buccal mucosal damage. It can be concluded that buccal route can be one of the alternatives available for the administration of pravastatin sodium.
Collapse
|