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Samananda Singh L. Nano-emulsion encapsulation for the efficient delivery of bacteriophage therapeutics. Biologicals 2024; 85:101725. [PMID: 37951140 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2023.101725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance has become the major concern for global public health. Phage therapy is being considered as an alternative for antibiotics to treat the multidrug resistant bacterial infections. Bacteriophage therapeutic developments has faced many challenges, including the drug formulations for sustainable phage delivery. The nano-emulsion platform has been described as the best approach to retain phage efficacy, shelf life and stability. Encapsulated phage drugs ensure stable delivery of phages to the target site and integrate in the system. In this review, our main focus is on the nano-emulsion encapsulation of bacteriophages and its effects towards the phage therapeutic development.
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Mohan P, Rajeswari J, Kesavan K. Cationic microemulsion of voriconazole for the treatment of fungal keratitis: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Ther Deliv 2024. [PMID: 38180042 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2023-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: This investigation aimed to develop a voriconazole-loaded chitosan-coated cationic microemulsion (CVME) to treat fungal keratitis. Methods: Microemulsions were prepared using water titration, and the optimized microemulsion was coated with chitosan to prepare CVME. The physicochemical parameters, ocular irritation potential, in vitro antifungal efficacy and in vitro release studies were performed. The in vivo antifungal efficacy study was conducted in a fungal infection-induced rabbit eye model. Results: The developed CVME displayed acceptable physicochemical properties and excellent mucoadhesive behavior and showed a sustained release profile. Ex vivo and in vivo studies concluded that higher permeability and improved antifungal efficacy were observed for CVME than drug suspension (DS). Conclusion: The prepared CVME7 is a viable alternative to treating fungal keratitis with existing approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parasuraman Mohan
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, C.G., 495009, India
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Vellalar College of Pharmacy, Erode, Tamil Nadu, 638012, India
| | - Jothimani Rajeswari
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, C.G., 495009, India
| | - Karthikeyan Kesavan
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, C.G., 495009, India
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Czerniel J, Gostyńska A, Jańczak J, Stawny M. A critical review of the novelties in the development of intravenous nanoemulsions. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 191:36-56. [PMID: 37586663 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Nanoemulsions have gained increasing attention in recent years as a drug delivery system due to their ability to improve the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. This systematic review aimed to collect and critically analyze recent novelties in developing, designing, and optimizing intravenous nanoemulsions appearing in articles published between 2017 and 2022. The applied methodology involved searching two electronic databases PubMed and Scopus, using the keyword "nanoemulsion" in combination with "intravenous" or "parenteral". The resulting original articles were classified by the method of preparation into different categories. An overview of the current methods used for the preparation of such formulations, including high- and low-energy emulsification, was provided. The advantages and disadvantages of these methods were discussed, as well as their potential impact on the properties of the developed intravenous nanoemulsions. The problem of inconsistency in intravenous nanoemulsion terminology may lead to misunderstandings and misinterpretations of their properties and applications was also undertaken. Finally, the regulatory aspects of intravenous nanoemulsions, the state of the art in the field of intravenous emulsifiers, and the future perspectives were presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Czerniel
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka, 60 - 780 Poznan, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Gostyńska
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka, 60 - 780 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Julia Jańczak
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka, 60 - 780 Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Stawny
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka, 60 - 780 Poznan, Poland
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Phechkrajang C, Phiphitphibunsuk W, Sukthongchaikool R, Nuchtavorn N, Leanpolchareanchai J. Development of Miconazole-Loaded Microemulsions for Enhanced Topical Delivery and Non-Destructive Analysis by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1637. [PMID: 37376085 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The antifungal drug miconazole nitrate has a low solubility in water, leading to reduced therapeutic efficacy. To address this limitation, miconazole-loaded microemulsions were developed and assessed for topical skin delivery, prepared through spontaneous emulsification with oleic acid and water. The surfactant phase included a mixture of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (PSM) and various cosurfactants (ethanol, 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy) ethanol, or 2-propanol). The optimal miconazole-loaded microemulsion containing PSM and ethanol at a ratio of 1:1 showed a mean cumulative drug permeation of 87.6 ± 5.8 μg/cm2 across pig skin. The formulation exhibited higher cumulative permeation, permeation flux, and drug deposition than conventional cream and significantly increased the in vitro inhibition of Candida albicans compared with cream (p < 0.05). Over the course of a 3-month study conducted at a temperature of 30 ± 2 °C, the microemulsion exhibited favorable physicochemical stability. This outcome signifies its potential suitability as a carrier for effectively administering miconazole through topical administration. Additionally, a non-destructive technique employing near-infrared spectroscopy coupled with a partial least-squares regression (PLSR) model was developed to quantitatively analyze microemulsions containing miconazole nitrate. This approach eliminates the need for sample preparation. The optimal PLSR model was derived by utilizing orthogonal signal correction pretreated data with one latent factor. This model exhibited a remarkable R2 value of 0.9919 and a root mean square error of calibration of 0.0488. Consequently, this methodology holds potential for effectively monitoring the quantity of miconazole nitrate in various formulations, including both conventional and innovative ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chutima Phechkrajang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | | | - Rapee Sukthongchaikool
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Nantana Nuchtavorn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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5
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Shao HT, Gao L, Li HT, Zhang M, Chen JC, Duan MH, Li ZE, Dai Y, Li XP, Yang F. Egg residue and depletion of meloxicam in Jing Hong laying hens following multiple oral doses. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102761. [PMID: 37270891 PMCID: PMC10258491 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Meloxicam is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used in an extra-label manner in commercial laying hens for the treatment of foot lesions, which are a common issue in this species. The present study aimed to determine the depletion profiles of meloxicam in eggs with multiple oral administration under 2 different dosing regimens and to further recommend reasonable withdrawal intervals (WDIs). Meloxicam (1 mg/kg) was administered orally to laying hens under 2 dosing schedules: 10 doses at 24-h intervals and 15 doses at 12-h intervals. Eggs were collected daily after the first dosing, and meloxicam concentrations in both yolk and white were determined by a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The weight ratio of white to yolk in the whole egg was 1.54 (the mean of 20 eggs with repeated tests), and this value combined with the meloxicam concentrations in white and yolk were used to calculate the drug concentrations in whole eggs. Meloxicam was quickly eliminated from egg white, and its concentrations could only be quantified at 2 time points during the elimination phase. The elimination half-lives in yolk and whole egg were 3.07 ± 1.00 and 2.98 ± 0.88 d, respectively, after 10 repeated doses. And the corresponding elimination half-lives were 2.30 ± 0.83 and 2.18 ± 0.67 d, respectively, after repeated 15 doses. Considering the time when meloxicam was not detectable in eggs with the time of ovum development and maturation, a withdrawal interval (WDI) was suggested as 17 d for both dosing schedules. The current results enriched the study on the residue of meloxicam in domestic Jing Hong laying hens and provided WDIs to help ensure animal-derived food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Tian Shao
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Liang Gao
- College of Animal Science, Yili Vocational and Technical College, Yili 835000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hao-Tian Li
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Jun-Cheng Chen
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Ming-Hui Duan
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Ze-En Li
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Yan Dai
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Xing-Ping Li
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China.
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Science of, and insights into, thermodynamic principles for dermal formulations. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103521. [PMID: 36754143 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated the significant role of the thermodynamic activity of drugs in skin drug delivery. This thermodynamic activity works as a driving force for increasing/improving the absorption of drugs by the skin. It can be changed according to the physicochemical parameters (e.g., solubility, partition coefficient, and water activity) of the drug in the vehicle. Thermodynamic principles have been used for the development of novel topical and transdermal delivery systems, demonstrating the importance of thermodynamic activity in enhancing drug permeation through the skin. In this review, we provide insights into thermodynamic principles and their roles in optimizing topical and transdermal drug delivery systems.
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Subongkot T, Charernsriwilaiwat N, Chanasongkram R, Rittem K, Ngawhirunpat T, Opanasopit P. Development and Skin Penetration Pathway Evaluation Using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy of Microemulsions for Dermal Delivery Enhancement of Finasteride. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122784. [PMID: 36559277 PMCID: PMC9787414 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop microemulsions using poloxamer 124 as a surfactant to improve the skin penetration of finasteride and to investigate the skin penetration pathways of these microemulsions by colocalization techniques using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The prepared finasteride-loaded microemulsions had average particle sizes ranging from 80.09 to 136.97 nm with particle size distributions within acceptable ranges and exhibited negative surface charges. The obtained microemulsions could significantly increase the skin penetration of finasteride compared to a finasteride solution. According to the skin penetration pathway evaluation conducted with CLSM, the microemulsions were hair follicle-targeted formulations due to penetration via the transfollicular pathway as a major skin penetration pathway. Additionally, this study found that the microemulsions also penetrated via the intercluster pathway more than via the intercellular pathway and transcellular pathway. The intercluster pathway, intercellular pathway, and transcellular pathway were considered only minor pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thirapit Subongkot
- Research Unit of Pharmaceutical Innovations of Natural Products Unit (PhInNat), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Saen Suk, Mueang, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +66-38-102610
| | - Natthan Charernsriwilaiwat
- Research Unit of Pharmaceutical Innovations of Natural Products Unit (PhInNat), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Saen Suk, Mueang, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | | | - Kantawat Rittem
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Saen Suk, Mueang, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Tanasait Ngawhirunpat
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Praneet Opanasopit
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
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8
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Szumała P, Macierzanka A. Topical delivery of pharmaceutical and cosmetic macromolecules using microemulsion systems. Int J Pharm 2022; 615:121488. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Vitek M, Gosenca Matjaž M, Roškar R, Gašperlin M, Zvonar Pobirk A. A comparative study of lipid-based drug delivery systems with different microstructure for combined dermal administration of antioxidant vitamins. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2022.2037437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Vitek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mirjam Gosenca Matjaž
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Robert Roškar
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mirjana Gašperlin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alenka Zvonar Pobirk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Hung WH, Chen PK, Fang CW, Lin YC, Wu PC. Preparation and Evaluation of Azelaic Acid Topical Microemulsion Formulation: In Vitro and In Vivo Study. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13030410. [PMID: 33808836 PMCID: PMC8003802 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to design oil in water (O/W) microemulsion formulations for the topical administration of azelaic acid. The permeability of azelaic acid through rat skin and the anti-inflammatory activities of the formulations were conducted to examine the efficacy of the designed formulations. Skin irritation and stability tests were also performed. The permeability of azelaic acid was significantly increased by using O/W microemulsions as carriers. The edema index of ear swelling percentage was significantly recovered by the 5% drug-loaded formulation and a 20% commercial product, demonstrating that the experimental formulation possessed comparable effect with the commercial product on the improvement of inflammation. The experimental formulation did not cause significant skin irritation compared to the negative control group. Moreover, the drug-loaded formulation also showed thermodynamic stability and chemical stability after storage for 30 days. In conclusion, the O/W microemulsion was a potential drug delivery carrier for azelaic acid topical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Hsuan Hung
- Divison of Pharmacy, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung City 81342, Taiwan; (W.-H.H.); (C.-W.F.)
| | - Ping-Kang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Wun Fang
- Divison of Pharmacy, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung City 81342, Taiwan; (W.-H.H.); (C.-W.F.)
| | - Ying-Chi Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan;
- Doctoral Degree Program in Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-C.L.); (P.-C.W.)
| | - Pao-Chu Wu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-C.L.); (P.-C.W.)
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Špaglová M, Čuchorová M, Čierna M, Poništ S, Bauerová K. Microemulsions as Solubilizers and Penetration Enhancers for Minoxidil Release from Gels. Gels 2021; 7:gels7010026. [PMID: 33802416 PMCID: PMC7931056 DOI: 10.3390/gels7010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Micro- and nanoemulsions are potential drug solubilizers and penetration enhancers through the high surfactant/co-surfactant content. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of minoxidil (MXD) solubilized in the microemulsions (MEs) on drug release by in vitro/ex vivo diffusion through the semi-permeable membrane Spectra/Por® (Spectrum Laboratory, Gardena, CA, USA) and porcine ear skin. Moreover, a residual amount of drug in the skin after ex vivo diffusion was evaluated. The reference MER, lecithin-containing MEL, and gelatin-containing MEG were characterized in terms of their size, polydispersity index, density, viscosity, electrical conductivity and surface tension. Based on the in vitro diffusion, it can be argued that MEL slowed down the drug release, while MER and MEG have no significant effect compared to the sample, in which propylene glycol (PG) was used as a solubilizer. Determination of the residual drug amount in the skin after 6 h of the ex vivo permeation was demonstrated as the most valuable method to evaluate the effectiveness of the ME’s application. The results indicate that the most optimal MXD permeation enhancers in alginate gel were the natural surfactants containing MEs. MXD solubilization in MEG and MEL had caused more than 5% of the drug remaining in the skin, which is almost a 1.5-fold higher amount compared to the reference gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslava Špaglová
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Odbojárov 10, SK-832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (M.Č.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-02-50-117-263
| | - Mária Čuchorová
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Odbojárov 10, SK-832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (M.Č.)
| | - Martina Čierna
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Odbojárov 10, SK-832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (M.Č.)
| | - Silvester Poništ
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (S.P.); (K.B.)
| | - Katarína Bauerová
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (S.P.); (K.B.)
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13
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Irfan MM, Shah SU, Khan IU, Munir MU, Khan NR, Shah KU, Rehman SU, Sohaib M, Basit HM, Mahmood S. Physicochemical Characterization of Finasteride Nanosystem for Enhanced Topical Delivery. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:1207-1220. [PMID: 33623383 PMCID: PMC7896786 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s296793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current work aimed to formulate a novel chitosan-based finasteride nanosystem (FNS-NS) for skin delivery to optimize the drug availability in skin for a longer time and enhance ex vivo performance of finasteride against androgenic alopecia. METHODS Both undecorated and chitosan decorated FNS-NSs were synthesized by a high energy emulsification technique. All the prepared nanosystems were further subjected to physicochemical characterizations like pH, viscosity, encapsulation efficiency, surface morphology and in vitro drug release behavior. The influence of the nanosystem on the drug permeation and retention in rat skin was examined using Franz diffusion cell apparatus. RESULTS The droplet size of developed nanosystems ranged from 41 to 864 nm with a low polydispersity index. The zeta potential of the nanosystems was between -10 mV and +56 mV. This chitosan decorated nanosystem exhibited controlled drug release, ie about 78-97% in 24 h. Among all the nanosystems, our chitosan decorated formulation (F5) had low drug permeation (16.35 µg/cm2) and higher drug retention (10.81 µg/cm2). CONCLUSION The abovementioned results demonstrate satisfactory in vitro drug release, skin retention profiles and ex vivo performance with chitosan decorated FNS-NS (F5). This optimized formulation could increase drug availability in skin and could become a promising carrier for topical delivery to treat androgenic alopecia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, D.I. Khan, 29050, KPK, Pakistan
- Gomal Centre for Skin/Regenerative Medicine and Drug Delivery Research (GCSRDDR), Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, D.I. Khan, 29050, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Shefaat Ullah Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, D.I. Khan, 29050, KPK, Pakistan
- Gomal Centre for Skin/Regenerative Medicine and Drug Delivery Research (GCSRDDR), Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, D.I. Khan, 29050, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Ikram Ullah Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Munir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University Sakaka, Aljouf, 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nauman Rahim Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, D.I. Khan, 29050, KPK, Pakistan
- Gomal Centre for Skin/Regenerative Medicine and Drug Delivery Research (GCSRDDR), Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, D.I. Khan, 29050, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Kifayat Ullah Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, D.I. Khan, 29050, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Saif Ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Poonch, Rawlakot, AJK, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sohaib
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, D.I. Khan, 29050, KPK, Pakistan
- Gomal Centre for Skin/Regenerative Medicine and Drug Delivery Research (GCSRDDR), Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, D.I. Khan, 29050, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Basit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, D.I. Khan, 29050, KPK, Pakistan
- Gomal Centre for Skin/Regenerative Medicine and Drug Delivery Research (GCSRDDR), Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, D.I. Khan, 29050, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Saima Mahmood
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, D.I. Khan, 29050, KPK, Pakistan
- Gomal Centre for Skin/Regenerative Medicine and Drug Delivery Research (GCSRDDR), Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, D.I. Khan, 29050, KPK, Pakistan
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14
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Anurova MN, Demina NB, Bakhrushina EO. Permeability Enhancers in Transdermal Delivery System Technology (Review). Pharm Chem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-021-02336-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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15
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Jebbawi R, Fruchon S, Turrin CO, Blanzat M, Poupot R. Supramolecular and Macromolecular Matrix Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery in Inflammation-Associated Skin Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E1224. [PMID: 33348690 PMCID: PMC7766653 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12121224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin is our biggest organ. It interfaces our body with its environment. It is an efficient barrier to control the loss of water, the regulation of temperature, and infections by skin-resident and environmental pathogens. The barrier function of the skin is played by the stratum corneum (SC). It is a lipid barrier associating corneocytes (the terminally differentiated keratinocytes) and multilamellar lipid bilayers. This intricate association constitutes a very cohesive system, fully adapted to its role. One consequence of this efficient organization is the virtual impossibility for active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) to cross the SC to reach the inner layers of the skin after topical deposition. There are several ways to help a drug to cross the SC. Physical methods and chemical enhancers of permeation are a possibility. These are invasive and irritating methods. Vectorization of the drugs through nanocarriers is another way to circumvent the SC. This mini-review focuses on supramolecular and macromolecular matrices designed and implemented for skin permeation, excluding vesicular nanocarriers. Examples highlight the entrapment of anti-inflammatory API to treat inflammatory disorders of the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranime Jebbawi
- INSERM, U1043, CNRS, U5282, UPS, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse-Purpan, Université de Toulouse, F-31300 Toulouse, France; (R.J.); (S.F.)
- CNRS, UMR 5623, UPS, Laboratoire des Interactions Moléculaires et Réactivité Chimique et Photochimique, IMRCP, 118 Route de Narbonne, Université de Toulouse, CEDEX 9, F-31062 Toulouse, France;
| | - Séverine Fruchon
- INSERM, U1043, CNRS, U5282, UPS, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse-Purpan, Université de Toulouse, F-31300 Toulouse, France; (R.J.); (S.F.)
| | - Cédric-Olivier Turrin
- CNRS, UPR 8241, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, 205 Route de Narbonne, BP 44099, CEDEX 4, F-31077 Toulouse, France;
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Muriel Blanzat
- CNRS, UMR 5623, UPS, Laboratoire des Interactions Moléculaires et Réactivité Chimique et Photochimique, IMRCP, 118 Route de Narbonne, Université de Toulouse, CEDEX 9, F-31062 Toulouse, France;
| | - Rémy Poupot
- INSERM, U1043, CNRS, U5282, UPS, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse-Purpan, Université de Toulouse, F-31300 Toulouse, France; (R.J.); (S.F.)
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Špaglová M, Čuchorová M, Šimunková V, Matúšová D, Čierna M, Starýchová L, Bauerová K. Possibilities of the microemulsion use as indomethacin solubilizer and its effect on in vitro and ex vivo drug permeation from dermal gels in comparison with transcutol ®. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:1468-1476. [PMID: 32715801 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1802483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Transcutol® is a perfect solubilizer and an effective permeation enhancer of many active substances commonly used in cosmetics. Microemulsions due to the content of surfactant and co-surfactant could be also considered as chemical permeation enhancers that may support transdermal delivery of poorly water- soluble drugs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Transcutol® and potential microemulsions on diffusion of poorly soluble indomethacin through an artificial membrane and excised rat skin. METHODS After drug solubilization in different enhancers, drug was dispersed in sodium alginate or carbopol gel used as dermal basis. For characterization of the microemulsions, the basic physico-chemical properties were determined. In vitro as well as ex vivo drug release was determined by vertical Franz cells. RESULTS Enhancing effect of the examined microemulsions was observed only in carbopol gel. There was an increase in cumulative drug amount released through synthetic membrane by 37.7-39.8% from the microemulsion formulation and 90.6% from Transcutol® formulation within 6 h compared to the control samples. The differences between the permeation curves with or without the content of the enhancers were statistically significant (p < .05). Pearson correlation coefficients indicate a very high degree of dependence (r > 0.9) between in vitro and ex vivo drug release from all dermal vehicles used. CONCLUSION It can be stated that Transcutol® is the best solubilizer and also penetration enhancer from the examined, and therefore it seems to be effective excipient/solubilizer in topical IND formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslava Špaglová
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mária Čuchorová
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Veronika Šimunková
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Desana Matúšová
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martina Čierna
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Katarína Bauerová
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Szumała P, Jungnickel C, Kozłowska-Tylingo K, Jacyna B, Cal K. Transdermal transport of collagen and hyaluronic acid using water in oil microemulsion. Int J Pharm 2019; 572:118738. [PMID: 31705977 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Collagen and hyaluronic acid (HA) are biopolymers that affect the appearance and condition of the skin. Delivery of these compounds into the skin is highly challenging since have a number of disadvantageous properties, such as high molecular weight and hydrophilicity. Here, we evaluated the transdermal penetration of low and high molecular weight collagen and HA from microemulsions. A number of microemulsion formulations, differing in the content of polymers and surfactants (i.e. penetration promoters), were used for the permeation study. In addition, a correlation was made between the composition of these microemulsions and the polymers transport efficiency. The results indicate that, microemulsions enable transdermal permeation of collagen and HA. The concentration of polymers and the solubilization capacity of microemulsions had the greatest influence on the permeation. Surprisingly, the molecular weight of polymers and the content of other components affected the size of microemulsion particles, and thus these parameters had an indirect influence on the permeation process. This study demonstrated therefore the potential therapeutic use of microemulsion with collagen and HA in improving and regenerating the barrier of aged or diseased skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Szumała
- Department of Colloid and Lipid Science, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Christian Jungnickel
- Department of Colloid and Lipid Science, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kozłowska-Tylingo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Bianka Jacyna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Hallera Street 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Cal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Hallera Street 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
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da Silva JD, Gomes MV, Cabral LM, de Sousa VP. Evaluation of the in vitro release and permeation of Cordia verbenacea DC essential oil from topical dosage forms. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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19
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Ha ES, Lee SK, Choi DH, Jeong SH, Hwang SJ, Kim MS. Application of diethylene glycol monoethyl ether in solubilization of poorly water-soluble drugs. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-019-00454-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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20
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Microemulsions and microheterogeneous microemulsion-based polymeric matrices for transdermal delivery of lipophilic drug (Felodipine). Colloid Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-018-4447-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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21
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Mirgorodskaya AB, Kushnazarova RA, Zhukova NA, Mamedov VA, Zakharova LY, Sinyashin OG. Solubilization of Biologically Active Heterocyclic Compounds by Biocompatible Microemulsions. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024418120312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Qurt MS, Esentürk İ, Birteksöz Tan S, Erdal MS, Araman A, Güngör S. Voriconazole and sertaconazole loaded colloidal nano-carriers for enhanced skin deposition and improved topical fungal treatment. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2018.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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23
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High internal vegetable oil nanoemulsion: D-phase emulsification as a unique low energy process. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Lima MPD, Lopes EM, Gomes LDS, França ARDS, Acha BT, Carvalho ALM, Almeida FRDC. Technological development of microemulsions with perspectives for pain treatment: a patent review. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2018; 28:691-702. [PMID: 30175633 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2018.1519025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable translucent systems widely used for systemic delivery of drugs. The present study is the first to analyze the biotechnological potential of microemulsion systems for therapeutic purposes, through transdermal route, for pain treatment. AREAS COVERED Patents were searched in the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), European Patent Office (Espacenet), United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) and National Institute of Intellectual Property (INPI). The inclusion criteria were published patents containing the keywords; 'microemulsion' and 'transdermal' in their title or abstract. 208 patents were found. However, only those patents which mentioned in their abstract or in their description the use of microemulsion system (object of invention) for pain treatment were selected. Were excluded duplicate patents and those that did not report pharmacological use of MEs specifically for pain treatment. Thus, sixteen patents were selected and described in the present study. EXPERT OPINION Patents were found that focused specifically on the development process of microemulsion systems, the inclusion of essential oils in microemulsions, which place microemulsions as delivery systems for NSAIDs and other substances, as well as microemulsions for transdermal administration. These studies reinforce the therapeutic applicability of MEs in the treatment of acute and chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Everton Moraes Lopes
- a Medicinal Plants Research nucleus, Center of Health Sciences , Federal University of Piauí , Teresina , Brazil
| | - Laércio da Silva Gomes
- a Medicinal Plants Research nucleus, Center of Health Sciences , Federal University of Piauí , Teresina , Brazil
| | - Ana Rita de Sousa França
- a Medicinal Plants Research nucleus, Center of Health Sciences , Federal University of Piauí , Teresina , Brazil
| | - Boris Timah Acha
- a Medicinal Plants Research nucleus, Center of Health Sciences , Federal University of Piauí , Teresina , Brazil
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Jantrawut P, Boonsermsukcharoen K, Thipnan K, Chaiwarit T, Hwang KM, Park ES. Enhancement of Antibacterial Activity of Orange Oil in Pectin Thin Film by Microemulsion. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E545. [PMID: 30029478 PMCID: PMC6070789 DOI: 10.3390/nano8070545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to prepare orange oil microemulsion (ME) and to investigate the antimicrobial activity of film containing orange oil ME. First, surfactants and co-surfactants were screened on their efficiency to form ME using pseudo-ternary phase diagrams. The influences of surfactant and co-surfactant mass ratios were studied and optimized ME-loaded-films were prepared. Then, films containing orange oil ME were characterized by SEM and texture analyzer, and then evaluated for antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes using an agar disc diffusion method. The results showed that Tween 80 as surfactant and propylene glycol as co-surfactant at a 1:1 ratio possessed the maximum ME area. Three ME formulations of ME 20, ME 25, and ME 30, which consisted of 20, 25, and 30% w/v of orange oil were prepared, respectively. All ME formulations showed particle sizes of about 60.26⁻80.00 nm, with broad a polydispersity index of 0.42. The orange oil ME films exhibited higher elastic values than the control. The diameters of inhibition zones for FME 20, FME 25, and FME 30 against P. acnes were 13.64, 15.18, and 16.10 mm, respectively. Only the FME 30 had an antimicrobial activity against S. aureus with 8.32 mm of inhibition zone. Contrarily, the control film had no antimicrobial activity against both bacteria. In conclusion, the present study found that the antibacterial activity of orange oil in pectin thin film could be enhanced by preparing orange oil as an ME before loading into pectin thin film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pensak Jantrawut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Kasidech Boonsermsukcharoen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Kanyanut Thipnan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Tanpong Chaiwarit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Kyu-Mok Hwang
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, Korea.
| | - Eun-Seok Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, Korea.
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Said M, Elsayed I, Aboelwafa AA, Elshafeey AH. A novel concept of overcoming the skin barrier using augmented liquid nanocrystals: Box-Behnken optimization, ex vivo and in vivo evaluation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 170:258-265. [PMID: 29935419 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Agomelatine suffers from extensive inactivation through 1st pass effect with a limited oral bioavailability (5%). The aim of this study was to formulate and optimize liquid nanocrystals (LNC) containing agomelatine to enhance the transdermal permeation of the drug. The independent factors of the employed Box-Behnken design were the Pluronic F127, deoxycholic acid sodium salt and propylene glycol percentages. On the other hand, particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, cumulative amount permeated at certain time intervals and permeation enhancement ratio were considered as dependent responses. The optimized formulation was composed of 1.5% Pluronic F127 and 1.5% deoxycholic acid sodium salt and it was found to have significantly higher AUC0-24h, AUC0-∞ and elimination t1/2 than that of the employed reference indicating the enhancement of the drug permeation. The obtained findings indicated the ability of the optimized LNC formulation to improve the drug bioavailability after its transdermal application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayada Said
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Elsayed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Ahmed A Aboelwafa
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H Elshafeey
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Vinarov Z, Dobreva P, Tcholakova S. Effect of surfactant molecular structure on Progesterone solubilization. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Said M, Elsayed I, Aboelwafa AA, Elshafeey AH. Transdermal agomelatine microemulsion gel: pyramidal screening, statistical optimization and in vivo bioavailability. Drug Deliv 2017; 24:1159-1169. [PMID: 28831842 PMCID: PMC8241019 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2017.1365392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Agomelatine is a new antidepressant having very low oral drug bioavailability less than 5% due to being liable to extensive hepatic 1st pass effect. This study aimed to deliver agomelatine by transdermal route through formulation and optimization of microemulsion gel. Pyramidal screening was performed to select the most suitable ingredients combinations and then, the design expert software was utilized to optimize the microemulsion formulations. The independent variables of the employed mixture design were the percentages of capryol 90 as an oily phase (X1), Cremophor RH40 and Transcutol HP in a ratio of (1:2) as surfactant/cosurfactant mixture 'Smix' (X2) and water (X3). The dependent variables were globule size, optical clarity, cumulative amount permeated after 1 and 24 h, respectively (Q1 and Q24) and enhancement ratio (ER). The optimized formula was composed of 5% oil, 45% Smix and 50% water. The optimized microemulsion formula was converted into carbopol-based gel to improve its retention on the skin. It enhanced the drug permeation through rat skin with an enhancement ratio of 37.30 when compared to the drug hydrogel. The optimum ME gel formula was found to have significantly higher Cmax, AUC 0-24 h and AUC0-∞ than that of the reference agomelatine hydrogel and oral solution. This could reveal the prosperity of the optimized microemulsion gel formula to augment the transdermal bioavailability of agomelatine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayada Said
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Elsayed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. Aboelwafa
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H. Elshafeey
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Purcell A, Buckley T, Fethney J, King J, Moyle W, Marshall AP. The Effectiveness of EMLA as a Primary Dressing on Painful Chronic Leg Ulcers: Effects on Wound Healing and Health-Related Quality of Life. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2017; 16:163-172. [PMID: 28836470 DOI: 10.1177/1534734617726678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of EMLA 5% cream applied to painful chronic leg ulcers (CLUs) as a primary dressing on wound healing and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). A pilot, parallel-group, nonblinded, randomized controlled trial was conducted in 6 community nursing procedure clinics in New South Wales, Australia. A total of 60 participants with painful CLUs of varied etiology were randomly assigned to the intervention (EMLA daily for 4 weeks as a primary dressing, followed by usual care) or usual care only. Wound size and HRQoL were measured at baseline, end of the intervention period (week 4), and week 12. At baseline, wound sizes were similar for both the intervention and control groups. During the intervention period, there was no significant difference in wound sizes between groups (intervention group: median (cm2) = 2.4, IQR = 1.3-12.7; control group: median (cm2) = 5.0, IQR = 2.5-9.9; P = .05). Mean HRQoL scores for all subscales at baseline and weeks 4 and 12 were similar between groups except for Wellbeing, which was significantly higher in the intervention group at the end of the 4-week intervention period (intervention group: mean = 52.41, SD = 24.50; control group: mean = 38.15, SD = 21.25; P = .03; d = 0.62). The trial findings suggest that daily applications of EMLA as a primary dressing do not inhibit wound healing and may improve patient well-being. Studies with larger samples are required to more comprehensively evaluate the impact of this treatment on wound healing and HRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Purcell
- 1 Griffith University, QLD, Australia.,2 Central Coast Local Health District, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | - Jennie King
- 2 Central Coast Local Health District, NSW, Australia.,3 University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Andrea P Marshall
- 1 Griffith University, QLD, Australia.,4 Gold Coast Health, QLD, Australia
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Kupper S, Kłosowska-Chomiczewska I, Szumała P. Collagen and hyaluronic acid hydrogel in water-in-oil microemulsion delivery systems. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 175:347-354. [PMID: 28917875 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The increase in skin related health issues has promoted interest in research on the efficacy of microemulsion in dermal and transdermal delivery of active ingredients. Here, we assessed the water-in-oil microemulsion capacity to incorporate two natural polymers, i.e. collagen and hyaluronic acid with low and high molecular weight. Systems were extensively characterized in terms of conductivity, phase inversion studies, droplet diameter, polydispersity index and rheological properties. The results of this research indicate that the structure and extent of water phase in microemulsions is governed by ratio and amount of surfactant mixture (sorbitan ester derivatives). However, results have also shown that collagen, depending upon the weight of the molecule and its surface activity, influence the droplet size of the microemulsions. While the hyaluronic acid, especially with high molecular weight, due to the water-binding ability and hydrogel formation alters the rheological properties of the microemulsion, thus providing viscous consistency of the formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Kupper
- Department of Colloid and Lipid Science, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ilona Kłosowska-Chomiczewska
- Department of Colloid and Lipid Science, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Patrycja Szumała
- Department of Colloid and Lipid Science, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
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Hajjar B, Zier KI, Khalid N, Azarmi S, Löbenberg R. Evaluation of a microemulsion-based gel formulation for topical drug delivery of diclofenac sodium. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-017-0327-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Kumari B, Kesavan K. Effect of chitosan coating on microemulsion for effective dermal clotrimazole delivery. Pharm Dev Technol 2016; 22:617-626. [PMID: 27574791 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2016.1230629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Clotrimazole (CTZ) is a broad spectrum antimycotic agent known to be very effective locally for the treatment of fungal skin infections. The aim of this study was to study the effect of chitosan-coated microemulsion (CME) for topical delivery of CTZ and also evaluate its in vitro antifungal efficacy, ex vivo permeation and retention ability on the skin surface. The pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were developed using clove oil as oil phase, Tween 80 and propylene glycol as surfactant and co-surfactant, respectively, and distilled water as aqueous phase. CME was prepared by the drop wise addition of chitosan solution to the optimized microemulsion. Physicochemical parameters (globule size, zeta potential, drug content, viscosity and pH) and in vitro release of CME were studied. The in vitro antifungal efficacy of CME and ME was studied by cup-plate method against Candida albicans. Ex vivo drug permeation study was also carried out in a modified diffusion cell, using rat skin. The developed CME displayed an average globule size less than 50 nm and a positive surface charge, acceptable physico-chemical behavior, and exhibited sustained drug release in in vitro study. In in vitro anti-fungal study, CME showed greater values of zone of inhibition as compared to ME due to its prolonged action as well as fungistatic nature of chitosan. In ex vivo study, CME showed better retention and sustained permeation property than ME due to the mucoadhesive property of chitosan. These results suggest that positively charged CMEs could be used as novel topical formulation for its ability to retain on the skin and its ability to sustain the release of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babita Kumari
- a Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya , Bilaspur , India
| | - Karthikeyan Kesavan
- a Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya , Bilaspur , India
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Kuznetsova EG, Ryzhikova VA, Salomatina LA, Sevastianov VI. TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY AND METHODS TO ENHANCE IT. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTOLOGY AND ARTIFICIAL ORGANS 2016. [DOI: 10.15825/1995-1191-2016-2-152-162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The paper presents the common methods employed in recent years for enhancing transdermal delivery of drug substances when applying transdermal therapeutic delivery systems. The chemical, physical and mechanical methods to enhance the transport of macromolecular compounds through the skin are considered in details.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. G. Kuznetsova
- V.I. Shumakov Federal Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, Moscow
| | - V. A. Ryzhikova
- V.I. Shumakov Federal Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, Moscow
| | - L. A. Salomatina
- V.I. Shumakov Federal Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, Moscow
| | - V. I. Sevastianov
- V.I. Shumakov Federal Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, Moscow
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AL Shuwaili AH, Rasool BKA, Abdulrasool AA. Optimization of elastic transfersomes formulations for transdermal delivery of pentoxifylline. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2016; 102:101-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Montenegro L, Lai F, Offerta A, Sarpietro MG, Micicchè L, Maccioni AM, Valenti D, Fadda AM. From nanoemulsions to nanostructured lipid carriers: A relevant development in dermal delivery of drugs and cosmetics. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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36
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Abd E, Namjoshi S, Mohammed YH, Roberts MS, Grice JE. Synergistic Skin Penetration Enhancer and Nanoemulsion Formulations Promote the Human Epidermal Permeation of Caffeine and Naproxen. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105:212-20. [PMID: 26554868 DOI: 10.1002/jps.24699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We examined the extent of skin permeation enhancement of the hydrophilic drug caffeine and lipophilic drug naproxen applied in nanoemulsions incorporating skin penetration enhancers. Infinite doses of fully characterized oil-in-water nanoemulsions containing the skin penetration enhancers oleic acid or eucalyptol as oil phases and caffeine (3%) or naproxen (2%) were applied to human epidermal membranes in Franz diffusion cells, along with aqueous control solutions. Caffeine and naproxen fluxes were determined over 8 h. Solute solubility in the formulations and in the stratum corneum (SC), as well as the uptake of product components into the SC were measured. The nanoemulsions significantly enhanced the skin penetration of caffeine and naproxen, compared to aqueous control solutions. Caffeine maximum flux enhancement was associated with a synergistic increase in both caffeine SC solubility and skin diffusivity, whereas a formulation-increased solubility in the SC was the dominant determinant for increased naproxen fluxes. Enhancements in SC solubility were related to the uptake of the formulation excipients containing the active compounds into the SC. Enhanced skin penetration in these systems is largely driven by uptake of formulation excipients containing the active compounds into the SC with impacts on SC solubility and diffusivity.
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Microemulsion-based antifungal gel of luliconazole for dermatophyte infections: formulation, characterization and efficacy studies. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-015-0209-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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38
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Abstract
Developing a transdermal drug delivery system is a challenging task considering the selective permeability of the skin and the physicochemical properties the drug must possess to permeate through the skin. Lipid-based drug delivery systems have contributed a great deal in this direction in the last few decades, and thereby have helped to expand the range of therapeutic molecules that can be delivered through the skin in a safe and effective manner. Additionally, vesicular delivery systems such as nanoparticles and emulsions have also played important roles in providing alternative novel approaches for drug delivery. In this article, we will discuss some of the current and future lipid-based systems for transdermal drug delivery along with the associated challenges.
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Nitroxide delivery system for Nrf2 activation and skin protection. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 94:123-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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40
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Microemulsion-loaded hydrogel formulation of butenafine hydrochloride for improved topical delivery. Arch Dermatol Res 2015; 307:625-33. [PMID: 26006164 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-015-1573-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Topical microemulsion systems for the antifungal drug, butenafine hydrochloride (BTF) were designed and developed to overcome the problems associated with the cutaneous delivery due to poor water solubility. The solubility of BTF in oils, surfactants and co-surfactants was evaluated to screen the components of the microemulsion. Isopropyl palmitate was used as the oil phase, aerosol OT as the surfactant and sorbitan monooleate as co-surfactant. The pseudoternary diagrams were constructed to identify the area of microemulsion existence and optimum systems were designed. The systems were assessed for drug-loading efficiency and characterized for pH, robustness to dilution, globule size, drug content and stability. Viscosity analysis, spreadability, drug content assay, ex vivo skin permeation study and antifungal activity assay were performed for the optimized microemulsion-loaded hydrogel. The optimized BTF microemulsion had a small and uniform globule size. The incorporation of microemulsion system into Carbopol 940 gel was found to be better as compared to sodium alginate or hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC K4 M) gel. The developed gel has shown better ex vivo skin permeation and antifungal activity when compared to marketed BTF cream. Thus, the results provide a basis for the successful delivery of BTF from microemulsion-loaded hydrogel formulation, which resulted in improved penetration of drug and antifungal activity in comparison with commercial formulation of BTF.
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Pascoa H, Diniz DGA, Florentino IF, Costa EA, Bara MTF. Microemulsion based on Pterodon emarginatus oil and its anti-inflammatory potential. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-82502015000100013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reports the development of a pharmaceutical product containing vegetable actives from a Brazilian medicinal plant. The possibility of forming a microemulsion using Pterodon emarginatus ("sucupira") oil was evaluated and the anti-inflammatory potential of this microemulsion was also examined. A formulation was developed using P. emarginatus oil, a mixture of ethoxylated Castor Oil (Ultramone(r) R-540/propylene glycol 2:1) (surfactant/cosurfactant) and distilled water at a ratio of 10:15:75, respectively. The microemulsion which was selected was then subjected to the preliminary stability test and analyzed in terms of average diameter of droplets, pH, zeta potential, and polydispersity index, on the 1st, 7th, 15th, and 30th days after preparation and stored at different temperatures (5 ± 2 °C, 25 ± 2 °C, and 40 ± 2 °C). The anti-inflammatory in vivo activity of both oil and formulation were evaluated, using the experimental model of croton oil-induced ear edema. The preliminary stability test showed that the microemulsion stored at 5 and 25 °C retained its original features throughout the 30-day period. The anti-inflammatory potential of both oil and formulation was shown to be statistically significant (p < 0.001), when compared to the control group, however, the microemulsion proved to be more effective (p < 0.05) than the oil when applied directly to the ear.
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Talegaonkar S, Negi LM. Nanoemulsion in Drug Targeting. ADVANCES IN DELIVERY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-11355-5_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Kumar N, Shishu. D-optimal experimental approach for designing topical microemulsion of itraconazole: Characterization and evaluation of antifungal efficacy against a standardized Tinea pedis infection model in Wistar rats. Eur J Pharm Sci 2015; 67:97-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2014.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Zhang YT, Wu ZH, Zhang K, Zhao JH, Ye BN, Feng NP. An in vitro and in vivo comparison of solid and liquid-oil cores in transdermal aconitine nanocarriers. J Pharm Sci 2014; 103:3602-3610. [PMID: 25187419 DOI: 10.1002/jps.24152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This study compared transdermal aconitine delivery using solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and microemulsion (ME) vehicles. Aconitine-loaded SLN and ME were formulated with the same surfactant, cosurfactant, and water content, with an equal amount of oil matrix (ATO 888 for SLN and ethyl oleate for ME). These nanosized formulations (70-90 nm) showed suitable pH values and satisfactory skin tissue biocompatibility. SLN contained a higher concentration of smaller nanoparticles, compared with that in ME. Neither of the nanocarriers penetrated across excised skin in their intact form. In vitro transdermal delivery studies found that transdermal aconitine flux was lower from SLN than from ME (p < 0.05), but skin aconitine deposition was higher using SLN (p < 0.05). Fluorescence-activated cell sorting indicated that in vitro uptake of fluorescently labeled SLN by human immortalized keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells was greater than that of ME, indicating that a transcellular pathway may contribute to cutaneous drug absorption more effectively from SLN. In vivo studies found that these formulations could loosen stratum corneum layers and increase skin surface crannies, which may also enhance transdermal aconitine delivery. SLN produced a more sustained aconitine release, indicating that compared with ME, this transdermal delivery vehicle may reduce the toxicity of this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Tai Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ji-Hui Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bei-Ni Ye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Nian-Ping Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Lapteva M, Mondon K, Möller M, Gurny R, Kalia YN. Polymeric micelle nanocarriers for the cutaneous delivery of tacrolimus: a targeted approach for the treatment of psoriasis. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:2989-3001. [PMID: 25057896 DOI: 10.1021/mp400639e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tacrolimus (TAC) suffers from poor cutaneous bioavailability when administered topically using conventional vehicles with the consequence that although it is indicated for the treatment of atopic dermatitis, it has poor efficacy against psoriasis. The aim of this work was to formulate TAC loaded polymeric micelles using the biodegradable and biocompatible methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol)-dihexyl substituted polylactide (MPEG-dihexPLA) diblock copolymer and to investigate their potential for targeted delivery of TAC into the epidermis and upper dermis. Micelle formulations were characterized with respect to drug content, stability, and size. An optimal 0.1% micelle formulation was developed and shown to be stable over a period of 7 months at 4 °C; micelle diameters ranged from 10 to 50 nm. Delivery experiments using human skin and involving quantification by UHPLC-MS/MS demonstrated that this formulation resulted in significantly greater TAC deposition in skin than that with Protopic (0.1% w/w; TAC ointment), (1.50 ± 0.59 and 0.47 ± 0.20 μg/cm(2), respectively). The cutaneous biodistribution profile of TAC in the upper 400 μm of tissue (at a resolution of 20 μm) demonstrated that the increase in cutaneous drug levels was due to improved TAC deposition in the stratum corneum, viable epidermis, and upper dermis. Given that there was no increase in the amount of TAC in deeper skin layers or any transdermal permeation, the results suggested that it would be possible to increase TAC levels selectively in the target tissue without increasing systemic absorption and the risk of side effects in vivo. Micelle distribution and molecular penetration pathways were subsequently visualized with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) using a fluorescently labeled copolymer and fluorescent dyes. The CLSM study indicated that the copolymer was unable to cross the stratum corneum and that release of the micelle "payload" was dependent on the molecular properties of the "cargo" as evidenced by the different behaviors of DiO and fluorescein. A preferential deposition of micelles into the hair follicle was also confirmed by CLSM. Overall, the results indicate that MPEG-dihexPLA micelles are highly efficient nanocarriers for the selective cutaneous delivery of tacrolimus, superior to the marketed formulation (Protopic). Furthermore, they may also have significant potential for targeted delivery to the hair follicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lapteva
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva & University of Lausanne , 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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Tsai MJ, Fu YS, Lin YH, Huang YB, Wu PC. The effect of nanoemulsion as a carrier of hydrophilic compound for transdermal delivery. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102850. [PMID: 25068531 PMCID: PMC4113283 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of nanoemulsions as a carrier vehicle of hydrophilic drug for transdermal delivery. The response surface methodology with a mixture design was used to evaluate the effect of ingredient levels of nanoemulsion formulations including cosurfactant (isopropyl alcohol, 20 ∼ 30%), surfactant (mixed of Brij 30 and Brij 35, 20 ∼ 30%), and distilled-water (34.5 ∼ 50.0%) on properties of the drug-loaded nanoemulsions including physicochemical characters and drug permeability through rat skin. The result showed that the hydrophilic drug in aqueous solution with or without penetration enhancer could not transport across rat skin after 12 h of application. Used nanoemulsions as carrier vehicle, the permeation rate of drug was significantly increased from 0 to 63.23 µg/cm2/h and the lag time was shortened from more than 12 h to about 2.7 ∼ 4.0 h. Moreover, the drug-loaded nanoemulsion formulation also showed physicochemical stability after 3 month storage at 25°C and 40°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jun Tsai
- Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, School of Medicine, Medical College, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Neurology, Tainan Municipal An-Nan Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yaw-Syan Fu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yaw-Bin Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pao-Chu Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
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Shen LN, Zhang YT, Wang Q, Xu L, Feng NP. Preparation and evaluation of microemulsion-based transdermal delivery of total flavone of rhizoma arisaematis. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:3453-64. [PMID: 25092976 PMCID: PMC4113406 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s66524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The aims of the present study were to investigate the skin permeation and cellular uptake of a microemulsion (ME) containing total flavone of rhizoma arisaematis (TFRA), and to evaluate its effects on skin structure. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were constructed to evaluate ME regions with various surfactants and cosurfactants. Eight formulations of oil-in-water MEs were selected as vehicles, and in vitro skin-permeation experiments were performed to optimize the ME formulation and to evaluate its permeability, in comparison to that of an aqueous suspension. Laser scanning confocal microscopy and fluorescent-activated cell sorting were used to explore the cellular uptake of rhodamine 110-labeled ME in human epidermal keratinocytes (HaCaT) and human embryonic skin fibroblasts (CCC-ESF-1). The structure of stratum corneum treated with ME was observed using a scanning electron microscope. Furthermore, skin irritation was tested to evaluate the safety of ME. ME formulated with 4% ethyl oleate (weight/weight), 18% Cremophor EL® (weight/weight), and 18% Transcutol® P, with 1% Azone to enhance permeation, showed good skin permeability. ME-associated transdermal fluxes of schaftoside and isoschaftoside, two major effective constituents of TFRA, were 3.72-fold and 5.92-fold higher, respectively, than those achieved using aqueous suspensions. In contrast, in vitro studies revealed that uptake by HaCaT and CCC-ESF-1 cells was lower with ME than with an aqueous suspension. Stratum corneum loosening and shedding was observed in nude mouse skin treated with ME, although ME produced no observable skin irritation in rabbits. These findings indicated that ME enhanced transdermal TFRA delivery effectively and showed good biocompatibility with skin tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Tai Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Nian-Ping Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Mostafa DM, Ammar NM, Basha M, Hussein RA, El Awdan S, Awad G. Transdermal microemulsions ofBoswellia carteriiBird: formulation, characterization andin vivoevaluation of anti-inflammatory activity. Drug Deliv 2014; 22:748-56. [DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2014.898347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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49
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Esteban PP, Alves DR, Enright MC, Bean JE, Gaudion A, Jenkins A, Young AE, Arnot TC. Enhancement of the antimicrobial properties of bacteriophage-K via stabilization using oil-in-water nano-emulsions. Biotechnol Prog 2014; 30:932-44. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.1898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 12/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Perez Esteban
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; University of Bath; Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY U.K
- Dept. of Chemistry; University of Bath; Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY U.K
| | - Diana R. Alves
- Dept. of Chemistry; University of Bath; Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY U.K
| | - Mark C. Enright
- Dept. of Chemistry; University of Bath; Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY U.K
| | - Jessica E. Bean
- Dept. of Chemistry; University of Bath; Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY U.K
| | - Alison Gaudion
- Dept. of Chemistry; University of Bath; Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY U.K
| | - A.T.A. Jenkins
- Dept. of Chemistry; University of Bath; Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY U.K
| | - Amber E.R. Young
- South West Children's Burns Service; Frenchay Hospital; Bristol South Gloucestershire BS16 1LE U.K
| | - Tom C. Arnot
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; University of Bath; Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY U.K
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Dogrul A, Arslan SA, Tirnaksiz F. Water/oil type microemulsion systems containing lidocaine hydrochloride:in vitroandin vivoevaluation. J Microencapsul 2014; 31:448-60. [DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2013.879926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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