Warpage optimization and influence factors analysis of 3D printing personalized JJY tablets

3D Printing of Pediatric Medication: The End of Bad Tasting Oral Liquids?-A Scoping Review

3D printing of pediatric-centered drug formulations can provide suitable alternatives to current treatment options, though further research is still warranted for successful clinical implementation of these innovative drug products. Extensive research has been conducted on the compliance of 3D-printed drug products to a pediatric quality target product profile. The 3D-printed tablets were of particular interest in providing superior dosing and release profile similarity compared to conventional drug manipulation and compounding methods, such as oral liquids. In the future, acceptance of 3D-printed tablets in the pediatric patient population might be better than current treatments due to improved palatability. Further research should focus on expanding clinical knowledge, providing regulatory guidance and expansion of the product range, including dosage form possibilities. Moreover, it should enable the use of diverse good manufacturing practice (GMP)-ready 3D printing techniques for the production of various drug products for the pediatric patient population.

Opportunities and challenges of three-dimensional printing technology in pharmaceutical formulation development

Three-dimensional printing is a technology that prints the products layer-by-layer, in which materials are deposited according to the digital model designed by computer aided design (CAD) software. This technology has competitive advantages regarding product design complexity, product personalization, and on-demand manufacturing. The emergence of 3D technology provides innovative strategies and new ways to develop novel drug delivery systems. This review summarizes the application of 3D printing technologies in the pharmaceutical field, with an emphasis on the advantages of 3D printing technologies for achieving rapid drug delivery, personalized drug delivery, compound drug delivery and customized drug delivery. In addition, this article illustrates the limitations and challenges of 3D printing technologies in the field of pharmaceutical formulation development.

Research on the Fused Deposition Modeling of Polyether Ether Ketone

As a special engineering polymer, polyether ether ketone (PEEK) has been used widely due to its excellent mechanical properties, high thermal stability, and chemical resistance. Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is a promising process for fabricating PEEK parts. However, due to the semi-crystalline property and high melting point of PEEK, determining appropriate process parameters is important to reduce warpage deformation and improve the mechanical properties of PEEK. In this article, the influence of raster angle and infill density was determined by single factor experiment, which are the two most important parameters. The results showed that samples with 0°/90° raster angle and 50% infill density had the best comprehensive properties in terms of warpage deformation, tensile strength, and specific strength. Subsequently, based on the results above, the effects of printing speed, nozzle temperature, platform temperature, raster width, and layer thickness were analyzed by orthogonal experiment. The results indicated that platform temperature had the greatest impact on warpage deformation while printing speed and nozzle temperature were significant parameters on tensile strength. Through optimization, warpage deformation of the samples could be reduced to almost 0 and tensile strength could increase by 19.6% (from 40.56 to 48.50 MPa). This will support the development of FDM for PEEK.

Exploration and evaluation of dynamic dose-control platform for pediatric medicine based on Drop-on-Powder 3D printing technology

Patient responses to doses vary widely, and affording limited doses to such a diverse population will inevitably yield unsatisfactory therapeutic effects and even adverse effects. In Particular, there is an urgent demand for a dynamic dose-control platform for pediatric patients, many of whom require diverse doses and flexible dose adjustments. The aim of this study was to explore the possibility of using a drop-on-powder (DoP) technology-based desktop 3D printer to build a dynamic dose-control platform for theophylline (TP) and metoprolol tartrate (MT). In addition, the impact of drug loading patterns on the accuracy of dose regulation was also assessed. All of the printed tablets exhibited good mechanical properties and satisfactory structural integrity. On printing tablets with target drug doses, the accuracy was in the range of 91.2~108% with a small variation coefficient in the range of 0.5~3.2%. Compared with traditional divided-dose methods, drop-on-powder 3D printing technology exhibited higher accuracy in dose regulation, but had less impact on the in vitro drug release behavior. The results in this work clearly indicate the possibility and ability of DoP technology as a promising method for constructing a dynamic dose-control platform for the fabrication of personalized medicines for pediatric patients.