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Elkodous MA, Olojede SO, Sahoo S, Kumar R. Recent advances in modification of novel carbon-based composites: Synthesis, properties, and biotechnological/ biomedical applications. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 379:110517. [PMID: 37149208 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, carbon-based materials owing to great interest in biomedical science/biotechnology and applied for effective diagnosis and treatment of disease. To enhance the effectiveness of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/graphene-based materials for bio-medical science/technology applications, different kinds of surface modification/functionalization were developed for the attachment of metal oxides nanostructures, biomolecules and polymers. The attachment of pharmaceutical agents with CNTs/graphene, make it a favorable candidate in research field of bio-medical science/technology applications. Surface modified/functionalized CNTs and graphene derivatives materials integrated with pharmaceutical agents has been developed for the purpose of cancer therapy, antibacterial action, pathogens bio detection, drug and gene delivery. Surface modification or functionalization of CNT/graphene materials provides good platform for pharmaceutical agents attachment with improved surface Raman scattering, fluorescence and its quenching capability. Graphene-based biosensing and bioimaging technologies are widely applied to identify numerous trace level analytes. These fluorescent and electrochemical sensors are utilized primarily for detecting organic, inorganic, and biomolecules. In this article, we highlights and summarized overview of the current research progress concerned on the CNTs/graphene-based materials as a new generation materials for detection and treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Abd Elkodous
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi, 441-8580, Japan; Center for Nanotechnology (CNT), School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nile University, Sheikh Zayed, Giza, 16453, Egypt
| | - Samuel Oluwaseun Olojede
- Nanotechnology Platforms, Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sumanta Sahoo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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2
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Zhong G, Qiu M, Zhang J, Jiang F, Yue X, Huang C, Zhao S, Zeng R, Zhang C, Qu Y. Fabrication and characterization of PVA@PLA electrospinning nanofibers embedded with Bletilla striata polysaccharide and Rosmarinic acid to promote wound healing. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 234:123693. [PMID: 36806778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel nanofiber material with Polylactic acid (PLA), natural plant polysaccharides-Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP) and Rosmarinic acid (RA) as the raw materials to facilitate wound healing was well prepared through coaxial electrospinning. The morphology of RA-BSP-PVA@PLA nanofibers was characterized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the successful formation of core-shell structure was verified under confocal laser microscopy (CLSM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). RA-BSP-PVA@PLA exhibited suitable air permeability for wound healing, as indicated by the result of the water vapor permeability (WVTR) study. The results of tension test results indicated the RA-BSP-PVA@PLA nanofiber exhibited excellent flexibility and better accommodates wounds. Moreover, the biocompatibility of RA-BSP-PVA@PLA was examined through MTT assay. Lastly, RA-BSP-PVA@PLA nanofibers can induce wound tissue growth, as verified by the rat dorsal skin wound models and tissue sections. Furthermore, RA-BSP-PVA@PLA can facilitate the proliferation and transformation of early wound macrophages, and down-regulate MPO+ expression of on the wound, thus facilitating wound healing, as confirmed by the result of immunohistochemical. Thus, RA-BSP-PVA@PLA nanofibers show great potential as wound dressings in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofeng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Mengyu Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Junbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Fuchen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xuan Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Chi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shiyi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Rui Zeng
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Yan Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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3
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Ahmed KK, Wongrakpanich A. Particles-based medicated wound dressings: a comprehensive review. Ther Deliv 2023; 13:489-505. [PMID: 36779372 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2022-0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a dynamic process that is controlled by many factors. The interest in developing wound dressings capable of providing the required environment for the proper wound healing process is ever expanding, and particles occupy a sizable share of the research area. This comprehensive review reports 10 years of research in terms of current advances, delivery system evaluation, outcomes and future directions. The review follows a clearly defined method of article search and screening. Retrieved papers are reviewed regarding the materials, formulation development, and in vitro/in vivo testing of particles-based wound dressings. The review summarized the current status of medicated wound dressing research, identifies gaps to be addressed, and represents a reference for researchers working on wound dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawther Khalid Ahmed
- University of Baghdad, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Bab-almoadham, P.O.Box 14026, Baghdad, Iraq
- University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, IA, USA
| | - Amaraporn Wongrakpanich
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri-Ayuthaya Road, Rajathevi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
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Shariati A, Hosseini SM, Chegini Z, Seifalian A, Arabestani MR. Graphene-Based Materials for Inhibition of Wound Infection and Accelerating Wound Healing. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114184. [PMID: 36587554 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infection of the wound could potentially cause serious complications and an enormous medical and financial cost to the rapid emergence of drug-resistant bacteria. Nanomaterials are an emerging technology, that has been researched as possible antimicrobial nanomaterials for the inhibition of wound infection and enhancement of wound healing. Graphene is 2-dimensional (2D) sheet of sp2 carbon atoms in a honeycomb structure. It has superior properties, strength, conductivity, antimicrobial, and molecular carrier abilities. Graphene and its derivatives, Graphene oxide (GO) and reduced GO (rGO), have antibacterial activity and could damage bacterial morphology and lead to the leakage of intracellular substances. Besides, for wound infection management, Graphene-platforms could be functionalized by different antibacterial agents such as metal-nanoparticles, natural compounds, and antibiotics. The Graphene structure can absorb near-infrared wavelengths, allowing it to be used as antimicrobial photodynamic therapy. Therefore, Graphene-based material could be used to inhibit pathogens that cause serious skin infections and destroy their biofilm community, which is one of the biggest challenges in treating wound infection. Due to its agglomerated structure, GO hydrogel could entrap and stack the bacteria; thus, it prevents their initial attachment and biofilm formation. The sharp edges of GO could destroy the extracellular polymeric substance surrounding the biofilm and ruin the biofilm biomass structure. As well as, Chitosan and different natural and synthetic polymers such as collagen and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) also have attracted a great deal of attention for use with GO as wound dressing material. To this end, multi-functional polymers based on Graphene and blends of synthetic and natural polymers can be considered valid non-antibiotic compounds useful against wound infection and improvement of wound healing. Finally, the global wound care market size was valued at USD 20.8 billion in 2022 and is expected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.4% from 2022 to 2027 (USD 27.2 billion). This will encourage academic as well as pharmaceutical and medical device industries to investigate any new materials such as graphene and its derivatives for the treatment of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shariati
- Molecular and medicine research center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Seyed Mostafa Hosseini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Zahra Chegini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amelia Seifalian
- Department of Urogynaecology and Surgery, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Reza Arabestani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Efficacy of Graphene-Based Nanocomposite Gels as a Promising Wound Healing Biomaterial. Gels 2022; 9:gels9010022. [PMID: 36661790 PMCID: PMC9858251 DOI: 10.3390/gels9010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of biocompatible nanocomposite hydrogels with effective wound healing/microbicidal properties is needed to bring out their distinguished characteristics in clinical applications. The positive interaction between graphene oxide/reduced graphene oxide (GO/rGO) and hydrogels and aloe vera gel represents a strong strategy for the advancement of therapeutic approaches for wound healing. In this study, the synthesis, characterization, and angiogenic properties of graphene-based nanocomposite gels have been corroborated and substantiated through several in vitro and in vivo assays. In this respect, graphene oxide was synthesized by incorporating a modified Hummer's method and ascertained by Raman spectroscopy. The obtained GO and rGO were uniformly dispersed into the aloe vera gel and hydrogel, respectively, as wound healing materials. These formulations were characterized via in vitro bio-chemical techniques and were found suitable for the appropriate cell viability, attachment, and proliferation. In addition, in vivo experiments were conducted using male Wistar rats. This revealed that the GO/rGO-based gels stimulated wound contraction and re-epithelialization compared to that of the non-treatment group. From the study, it is suggested that GO/rGO-based aloe vera gel can be recommended as a promising candidate for wound healing applications.
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Sadat Z, Farrokhi-Hajiabad F, Lalebeigi F, Naderi N, Ghafori Gorab M, Ahangari Cohan R, Eivazzadeh-Keihan R, Maleki A. A comprehensive review on the applications of carbon-based nanostructures in wound healing: from antibacterial aspects to cell growth stimulation. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:6911-6938. [PMID: 36314845 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01308h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A wound is defined as damage to the integrity of biological tissue, including skin, mucous membranes, and organ tissues. The treatment of these injuries is an important challenge for medical researchers. Various materials have been used for wound healing and dressing applications among which carbon nanomaterials have attracted significant attention due to their remarkable properties. In the present review, the latest studies on the application of carbon nanomaterials including graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), carbon dots (CDs), carbon quantum dots (CQDs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanofibers (CNFs), and nanodiamonds (NDs) in wound dressing applications are evaluated. Also, a variety of carbon-based nanocomposites with advantages such as biocompatibility, hemocompatibility, reduced wound healing time, antibacterial properties, cell-adhesion, enhanced mechanical properties, and enhanced permeability to oxygen has been reported for the treatment of various wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Sadat
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran.
| | - Farzaneh Farrokhi-Hajiabad
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran.
| | - Farnaz Lalebeigi
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran.
| | - Nooshin Naderi
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Ghafori Gorab
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran.
| | - Reza Ahangari Cohan
- Nanobiotechnology Department, New Technologies Research Group, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Eivazzadeh-Keihan
- Nanobiotechnology Department, New Technologies Research Group, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Maleki
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran.
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Lu YH, Hong Y, Zhang TY, Chen YX, Wei ZJ, Gao CY. Rosmarinic acid exerts anti-inflammatory effect and relieves oxidative stress via Nrf2 activation in carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage. Food Nutr Res 2022; 66:8359. [PMID: 36590857 PMCID: PMC9793765 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v66.8359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rosmarinic acid (RA) has biological and pharmaceutical properties and shows hepatoprotective potential. However, the hepatoprotective mechanism of RA needs to be further elucidated in vivo and in vitro. Objective This study was aimed to evaluate the protective effect of RA on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury and elucidate the hepatoprotective mechanism of RA in vivo and in vitro. Design In vivo, the mice were orally administrated with RA (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg bw) daily for 28 consecutive days, and 1% CCl4 (5 mL/kg bw, dissolved in peanut oil) was used to induce liver injury. In vitro, the big rat liver (BRL) hepatocytes were pretreated with RA (0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 mg/mL) for 3 h, and then the hepatocytes were treated with CC14 (final concentration, 14 mM) for 3 h to induce cell injury. The related indexes, including hepatic function, oxidative stress, protein expression of nuclear-factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway, inflammation, histopathological change, hepatocyte apoptosis, and mitochondrial membrane potential, were evaluated. Results Oral administration of RA to mice considerably decreased the CCl4-induced elevation of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), triacylglycerols (TG), total cholesterol (TC), total bilirubin (TBIL), hepatic reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-8 (IL-8). RA also increased the levels of hepatic glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) and the protein expressions of Nrf2, quinine oxidoreductase (NQO1), and heme oxygenease-1 (HO-1). Histopathological examinations indicated that RA (20 and 40 mg/kg bw) alleviated the liver tissue injury induced by CCl4. Moreover, RA inhibited the hepatocyte apoptosis caused by CCl4 based on TUNEL assay. In vitro, RA pretreatment remarkably recovered the cell viability and reduced the CCl4-induced elevation of AST, ALT, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), ROS, and 8-OHdG. Immunohistochemistry staining demonstrated that pretreatment with RA markedly inhibited the expression of IL-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and Caspase-3 in CCl4-treated hepatocytes. Additionally, RA pretreatment significantly decreased the elevation of mitochondrial membrane potential in CCl4-treated hepatocytes. Conclusions RA exerted a protective effect against CCl4-induced liver injury in mice through activating Nrf2 signaling pathway, reducing antioxidant damage, suppressing inflammatory response, and inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis. RA could attenuate BRL hepatocyte ROS production, DNA oxidative damage, inflammatory response, and apoptosis induced by CCl4 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-hong Lu
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yue Hong
- School of Public Health, Dali University, Dali, China
| | | | - You-xia Chen
- School of Public Health, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Zhao-jun Wei
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China,School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Chun-yan Gao
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China,Chun-yan Gao, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, North Minzu University, No. 204, North Street of Wenchang, Xixia district, Yinchuan 750021 China.
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Álvarez-Santos N, Estrella-Parra EA, Benítez-Flores JDC, Serrano-Parrales R, Villamar-Duque TE, Santiago-Santiago MA, González-Valle MDR, Avila-Acevedo JG, García-Bores AM. Asterohyptis stellulata: Phytochemistry and wound healing activity. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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9
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Selvakumar G, Lonchin S. Bioactive functional collagen-oxidized pullulan scaffold loaded with polydatin for treating chronic wounds. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 140:213078. [PMID: 35964388 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Prolonged inflammation, elevated matrix metalloproteinases, hypoxia, decreased vascularization, increased oxidative stress, and bacterial infection are typical signs of chronic non-healing diabetic wounds. Any agent that improves one or all factors could offer enhanced opportunities for better healing of diabetic wounds. In this study, a polyphenol (polydatin) incorporated collagen scaffold was prepared using a biocompatible crosslinker, oxidized pullulan (Col-OxP3-Po), to treat diabetic wounds. The scaffolds were characterized using SEM, FTIR, antioxidant activity, in vitro and in vivo wound healing assay, gene expression, and immunohistopathological studies. Polydatin incorporated scaffold exhibited 75 % antioxidant activity, hemostatic and erythrocyte adhesion properties. FTIR results proved the incorporation of polydatin in the Col-OxP3-Po scaffold. They were also non-toxic to the 3 T3 fibroblasts with a viability of 93 % and good cell attachment. In vivo, normal and diabetic wound healing studies showed that the Col-OxP3-Po scaffold treated group healed on days 16 and 21. The histological and immunohistochemistry analyses of the granulation tissues showed improved epithelialization, angiogenesis and enhanced collagen deposition by modulating TGF-β3 and MMP - 9 gene expressions favorable for better healing. Thus, this scaffold could be a newer treatment strategy for chronic non-healing wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopika Selvakumar
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology Laboratory, CSIR - Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India; University of Madras, Chepauk, Chennai 600005, India
| | - Suguna Lonchin
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology Laboratory, CSIR - Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India.
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10
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Technological strategies applied for rosmarinic acid delivery through different routes – A review. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.103054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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11
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Hemmingsen LM, Škalko-Basnet N, Jøraholmen MW. The Expanded Role of Chitosan in Localized Antimicrobial Therapy. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:697. [PMID: 34940696 PMCID: PMC8704789 DOI: 10.3390/md19120697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is one of the most studied natural origin polymers for biomedical applications. This review focuses on the potential of chitosan in localized antimicrobial therapy to address the challenges of current rising antimicrobial resistance. Due to its mucoadhesiveness, chitosan offers the opportunity to prolong the formulation residence time at mucosal sites; its wound healing properties open possibilities to utilize chitosan as wound dressings with multitargeted activities and more. We provide an unbiased overview of the state-of-the-art chitosan-based delivery systems categorized by the administration site, addressing the site-related challenges and evaluating the representative formulations. Specifically, we offer an in-depth analysis of the current challenges of the chitosan-based novel delivery systems for skin and vaginal infections, including its formulations optimizations and limitations. A brief overview of chitosan's potential in treating ocular, buccal and dental, and nasal infections is included. We close the review with remarks on toxicity issues and remaining challenges and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Myrseth Hemmingsen
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsvegen 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway;
| | | | - May Wenche Jøraholmen
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsvegen 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway;
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12
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Rosmarinic Acid and Ulvan from Terrestrial and Marine Sources in Anti-Microbial Bionanosystems and Biomaterials. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11199249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In order to increase their sustainability, antimicrobial renewable molecules are fundamental additions to consumer goods. Rosmarinic acid is extracted from several terrestrial plants and represents an effective anti-microbial agent. Ulvan, extracted from algae, is an anti-microbial polysaccharide. The present review is dedicated to discussing the sources and the extraction methodologies for obtaining rosmarinic acid and ulvan. Moreover, the preparation of bioanosystems, integrating the two molecules with organic or inorganic substrates, are reviewed as methodologies to increase their effectiveness and stability. Finally, the possibility of preparing functional biomaterials and anti-microbial final products is discussed, considering scientific literature. The performed analysis indicated that the production of both molecules is not yet performed with mature industrial technologies. Nevertheless, both molecules could potentially be used in the packaging, biomedical, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, sanitary and personal care sectors, despite some research being required for developing functional materials with specific properties to pave the way for many more applications.
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13
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Ghomi ER, Shakiba M, Ardahaei AS, Akbari M, Faraji M, Ataei S, Kohansal P, Jafari I, Abdouss M, Ramakrishna S. Innovations in drug delivery for chronic wound healing. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 28:340-351. [PMID: 34269663 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666210714102304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing is a varied and complex process designed to promptly restore standard skin structure, function, and appearance. To achieve this goal, different immune and biological systems participate in coordination through four separate steps, including homeostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and regeneration. Each step involves the function of other cells, cytokines, and growth factors. However, chronic ulcers, which are classified into three types of ulcers, namely vascular ulcers, diabetic ulcers, and pressure ulcers, cannot heal through the mentioned natural stages. It causes mental and physical problems for these people and, as a result, imposes high economic and social costs on society. In this regard, using a system that can accelerate the healing process of such chronic wounds, as an urgent need in the community, should be considered. Therefore, in this study, the innovations of drug delivery systems for the healing of chronic wounds using hydrogels, nanomaterial, and membranes are discussed and reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erfan Rezvani Ghomi
- Center for Nanotechnology and Sustainability, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Singapore 117581, Singapore
| | | | - Ali Saedi Ardahaei
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Golestan University, Gorgan, P.O. Box 491888369, Iran
| | - Mahsa Akbari
- Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Faraji
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahla Ataei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Parisa Kohansal
- Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iman Jafari
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Majid Abdouss
- Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanotechnology and Sustainability, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Singapore 117581, Singapore
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14
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Contardi M, Lenzuni M, Fiorentini F, Summa M, Bertorelli R, Suarato G, Athanassiou A. Hydroxycinnamic Acids and Derivatives Formulations for Skin Damages and Disorders: A Review. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:999. [PMID: 34371691 PMCID: PMC8309026 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13070999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations of skin homeostasis are widely diffused in our everyday life both due to accidental injuries, such as wounds and burns, and physiological conditions, such as late-stage diabetes, dermatitis, or psoriasis. These events are locally characterized by an intense inflammatory response, a high generation of harmful free radicals, or an impairment in the immune response regulation, which can profoundly change the skin tissue' repair process, vulnerability, and functionality. Moreover, diabetes diffusion, antibiotic resistance, and abuse of aggressive soaps and disinfectants following the COVID-19 emergency could be causes for the future spreading of skin disorders. In the last years, hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives have been investigated and applied in several research fields for their anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-bacterial activities. First, in this study, we give an overview of these natural molecules' current source and applications. Afterwards, we review their potential role as valid alternatives to the current therapies, supporting the management and rebalancing of skin disorders and diseases at different levels. Also, we will introduce the recent advances in the design of biomaterials loaded with these phenolic compounds, specifically suitable for skin disorders treatments. Lastly, we will suggest future perspectives for introducing hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives in treating skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Contardi
- Smart Materials, Italian Institute of Technology, 16163 Genoa, Italy; (M.L.); (F.F.); (G.S.)
| | - Martina Lenzuni
- Smart Materials, Italian Institute of Technology, 16163 Genoa, Italy; (M.L.); (F.F.); (G.S.)
- DIBRIS, University of Genoa, 16145 Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Fiorentini
- Smart Materials, Italian Institute of Technology, 16163 Genoa, Italy; (M.L.); (F.F.); (G.S.)
- DIBRIS, University of Genoa, 16145 Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Summa
- Translational Pharmacology, Italian Institute of Technology, 16163 Genoa, Italy; (M.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Rosalia Bertorelli
- Translational Pharmacology, Italian Institute of Technology, 16163 Genoa, Italy; (M.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Giulia Suarato
- Smart Materials, Italian Institute of Technology, 16163 Genoa, Italy; (M.L.); (F.F.); (G.S.)
- Translational Pharmacology, Italian Institute of Technology, 16163 Genoa, Italy; (M.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Athanassia Athanassiou
- Smart Materials, Italian Institute of Technology, 16163 Genoa, Italy; (M.L.); (F.F.); (G.S.)
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15
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Khan F, Bamunuarachchi NI, Tabassum N, Kim YM. Caffeic Acid and Its Derivatives: Antimicrobial Drugs toward Microbial Pathogens. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:2979-3004. [PMID: 33656341 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Caffeic acid is a plant-derived compound that is classified as hydroxycinnamic acid which contains both phenolic and acrylic functional groups. Caffeic acid has been greatly employed as an alternative strategy to combat microbial pathogenesis and chronic infection induced by microbes such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Similarly, several derivatives of caffeic acid such as sugar esters, organic esters, glycosides, and amides have been chemically synthesized or naturally isolated as potential antimicrobial agents. To overcome the issue of water insolubility and poor stability, caffeic acid and its derivative have been utilized either in conjugation with other bioactive molecules or in nanoformulation. Besides, caffeic acid and its derivatives have also been applied in combination with antibiotics or photoirradiation to achieve a synergistic mode of action. The present review describes the antimicrobial roles of caffeic acid and its derivatives exploited either in free form or in combination or in nanoformulation to kill a diverse range of microbial pathogens along with their mode of action. The chemistry employed for the synthesis of the caffeic acid derivatives has been discussed in detail as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazlurrahman Khan
- Institute of Food Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea
| | - Nilushi Indika Bamunuarachchi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Ocean University of Sri Lanka, Tangalle 82200, Sri Lanka
| | - Nazia Tabassum
- Industrial Convergence Bionix Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea
| | - Young-Mog Kim
- Institute of Food Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea
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16
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Jampilek J, Kralova K. Advances in Drug Delivery Nanosystems Using Graphene-Based Materials and Carbon Nanotubes. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:1059. [PMID: 33668271 PMCID: PMC7956197 DOI: 10.3390/ma14051059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Carbon is one of the most abundant elements on Earth. In addition to the well-known crystallographic modifications such as graphite and diamond, other allotropic carbon modifications such as graphene-based nanomaterials and carbon nanotubes have recently come to the fore. These carbon nanomaterials can be designed to help deliver or target drugs more efficiently and to innovate therapeutic approaches, especially for cancer treatment, but also for the development of new diagnostic agents for malignancies and are expected to help combine molecular imaging for diagnosis with therapies. This paper summarizes the latest designed drug delivery nanosystems based on graphene, graphene quantum dots, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes, mainly for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Jampilek
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Kralova
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia;
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