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Tu B, Jonnalagadda S. Amorphous stabilization of BCS II drugs using mesoporous silica. Int J Pharm 2024; 663:124555. [PMID: 39111354 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the amorphous stabilization of BCS Class II drugs using mesoporous silica as a carrier to produce amorphous solid dispersions. Ibuprofen, fenofibrate, and budesonide were selected as model drugs to evaluate the impact of molecular weight and partition coefficient on the solid state of drug-loaded mesoporous silica (MS) particles. The model drugs were loaded into three grades of MS, SYLYSIA SY730, SYLYSIA SY430, and SYLYSIA SY350, with pore diameters of 2.5 nm, 17 nm, and 21 nm, respectively, at 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1, carrier to drug ratios, and three different loading concentrations using solvent immersion and spray drying techniques. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermograms of SY430 and SY350 samples exhibited melting point depressions indicating constricted crystallization inside the pores, whereas SY730 samples with melting points matching the pure API may be a result of surface crystallization. Powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD) diffractograms showed all crystalline samples matched the diffraction patterns of the pure API indicating no polymorphic transitions and all 3:1 ratio samples exhibited amorphous halo profiles. Response surface regression analysis and Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis suggest carrier to drug ratios, followed by molecular weight, have the most significant impact on the crystallinity of a drug loaded into MS particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buu Tu
- Saint Joseph's University, 600 S 43rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Felton LA, Binzet G, Wiley C, McChesney D, McConville J, Ҫelik M, Muttil P. Spray drying Eudragit® E-PO with acetaminophen using 2- and 3-fluid nozzles for taste masking. Int J Pharm 2024; 658:124191. [PMID: 38701909 PMCID: PMC11139551 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Conventional spray drying using a 2-fluid nozzle forms matrix microparticles, where drug is distributed throughout the particle and may not effectively mask taste. In contrast, spray drying using a 3-fluid nozzle has been reported to encapsulate material. The objective of this study was to spray dry Eudragit® E-PO (EE) with acetaminophen (APAP), a water-soluble model drug with a bitter taste, using 2- and 3-fluid nozzles for taste masking. Spray drying EE with APAP, however, resulted in yields of ≤ 13 %, irrespective of nozzle configuration. Yields improved when Eudragit® L 100-55 (EL) or Methocel® E6 (HPMC) was used in the inner fluid stream of the 3-fluid nozzle or in place of EE for the 2-fluid nozzle. Drug release from microparticles prepared with the 2-fluid nozzle was relatively rapid. Using EE in the outer fluid stream of the 3-fluid nozzle resulted in comparatively slower drug release, although drug release was observed, indicating that encapsulation was incomplete. Results from these studies also show that miscible polymers used in the two fluid streams mix during the spray drying process. In addition, findings from this study indicate that the polymer used in the inner fluid stream can impact drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda A Felton
- University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, MSC09 5360, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - Gülşilan Binzet
- University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, MSC09 5360, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Altınbaş University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Bakırköy 34147 İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Cody Wiley
- University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, MSC09 5360, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - David McChesney
- University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, MSC09 5360, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - Jason McConville
- University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, MSC09 5360, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - Metin Ҫelik
- University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, MSC09 5360, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Pharmaceutical Technologies International, Inc., 22 Durham Rd, Skillman, NJ 08558, USA.
| | - Pavan Muttil
- University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, MSC09 5360, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
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Steiner D, Meyer A, Immohr LI, Pein-Hackelbusch M. Critical View on the Qualification of Electronic Tongues Regarding Their Performance in the Development of Peroral Drug Formulations with Bitter Ingredients. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:658. [PMID: 38794320 PMCID: PMC11125162 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In this review, we aim to highlight the advantages, challenges, and limitations of electronic tongues (e-tongues) in pharmaceutical drug development. The authors, therefore, critically evaluated the performance of e-tongues regarding their qualification to assess peroral formulations containing bitter active pharmaceutical ingredients. A literature search using the keywords 'electronic', 'tongue', 'bitter', and 'drug' in a Web of Science search was therefore initially conducted. Reviewing the publications of the past decade, and further literature where necessary, allowed the authors to discuss whether and how e-tongues perform as expected and whether they have the potential to become a standard tool in drug development. Specifically highlighted are the expectations an e-tongue should meet. Further, a brief insight into the technologies of the utilized e-tongues is given. Reliable protocols were found that enable (i) the qualified performance of e-tongue instruments from an analytical perspective, (ii) proper taste-masking assessments, and (iii) under certain circumstances, the evaluation of bitterness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Steiner
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Muenster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Muenster, Germany;
| | - Alexander Meyer
- Institute for Life Science Technologies (ILT.NRW), Ostwestfalen-Lippe University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Campusallee 12, 32657 Lemgo, Germany
| | | | - Miriam Pein-Hackelbusch
- Institute for Life Science Technologies (ILT.NRW), Ostwestfalen-Lippe University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Campusallee 12, 32657 Lemgo, Germany
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Dung PTP, Thanh-Dat T, Quoc-Hoai N, Huu-Manh N, Ngoc-Chien N, Ngoc-Bao T, Cao-Son T, Thi-Hong-Ngoc N, Tung NT. Development of taste masking microcapsules containing azithromycin by fluid bed coating for powder for suspension and in vivo evaluation. J Microencapsul 2023:1-12. [PMID: 37129865 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2023.2209639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This research aims to develop bitter taste masking microcapsules containing azithromycin by a simpler and familiar method, fluid-bed coating technology, in comparison with Zithromax®. Cores of microcapsules, azithromycin microparticles, were prepared by fluid-bed granulation, then taste-masking polymer was covered on by fluid-bed coating technique. Eudragit L100, Eudragit RL100, ethyl cellulose in single and combined with Eudragit L100, Eudragit E100 were used as taste-masking polymers. The obtained microcapsules were characterized by taste masking ability, in-vitro release, SEM, coating thickness and coating efficiency. Combination of ethyl cellulose and Eudragit E100 (3:1) in coating thickness of 45.13 ± 2.12% w/w prevent azithromycin release from microcapsules below bitter taste threshold (1.78 ± 1.17 μg/ml). Bioavailability of powders containing azithromycin microcapsules and pH modulators (50mg Na3PO4 and 35mg Mg(OH)2) was not significantly different from the reference product (Zithromax®, Pfizer) in the rabbit model (p > 0.05). These results support the possibility of developing a generic product containing azithromycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pham-Thi-Phuong Dung
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Dai Nam University, Vietnam
| | - Trinh Thanh-Dat
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Quoc-Hoai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Huu-Manh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Vietnam
| | | | - Tran Ngoc-Bao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Nguyen-Thach Tung
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Vietnam
- National Institute for Food Control, Vietnam
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Nayakula M, Jeengar MK, Naidu VGM, Chella N. Enhanced Pharmacokinetics and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Curcumin Using Dry Emulsion as Drug Delivery Vehicle. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2023; 48:189-199. [PMID: 36800055 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-023-00819-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Many naturally available dietary molecules such as curcumin have not seen the market due to poor solubility, bioavailability, and photodegradability. Successful development of a lipid-based dry emulsion may overcome these issues and help in reaching the markets for natural dietary molecules such as curcumin. The current study aims to develop a dry emulsion formulation of curcumin using natural oil and evaluate its dissolution, photostability, pharmacokinetics, and anti-inflammatory activity. METHODS Dry emulsions were prepared using emu oil and corn oil as the lipid phase, Caproyl 90 and Cremophor RH 40 as surfactants, and dextrin as a hydrophilic carrier. RESULTS Microscopic studies showed the formation of spherical porous particles, and solid-state characterization using differential scanning calorimetry and powder X-ray diffraction showed the conversion of curcumin to an amorphous form. About 80% drug release was observed from formulation, whereas pure drug showed only 50% drug release in 30 min. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies showed fivefold improvement in the maximum concentration of curcumin in plasma (Cmax) and sevenfold improvement in the area under the concentration-time curve of curcumin from emu oil formulation compared with pure curcumin. Significant differences were observed in the anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin dry emulsion and plain curcumin. Emu-oil-based formulations showed synergistic anti-inflammatory activity over corn-oil-based formulations with improved photostability. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that the dry emulsion may enhance the bioavailability with synergistic anti-inflammatory activity and photostability of curcumin when given orally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Nayakula
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Manish Kumar Jeengar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, India.,Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India
| | - Vegi G M Naidu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, India.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research NIPER Guwahati, Sila Village, Kamrup, Guwahati, Assam, 781101, India
| | - Naveen Chella
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, India. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Formulations), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research NIPER Guwahati, Sila Village, Kamrup, Guwahati, Assam, 781101, India.
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Hu S, Liu X, Zhang S, Quan D. An Overview of Taste-Masking Technologies: Approaches, Application, and Assessment Methods. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:67. [PMID: 36788171 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02520-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well-known that plenty of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) inherently possess an unpleasant taste, which influences the acceptance of patients, especially children. Therefore, manufacturing taste-masked dosage forms has attracted a lot of attention. This review describes in detail the taste-masking technologies based on the difference in the taste transmission mechanism which is currently available. In particular, the review highlights the application of various methods, with a special focus on how to screen the appropriate masking technology according to the properties of API. Subsequently, we overviewed how to assess taste-masking efficacy, guiding researchers to rationally design taste-masking formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqin Hu
- Institute of Advanced Drug Delivery Technology, No.10 Xinghuo Avenue Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing, 210032, People's Republic of China.,China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxuan Liu
- China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangshuang Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Drug Delivery Technology, No.10 Xinghuo Avenue Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing, 210032, People's Republic of China
| | - Danyi Quan
- Institute of Advanced Drug Delivery Technology, No.10 Xinghuo Avenue Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing, 210032, People's Republic of China.
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Fresco-Cala B, Cárdenas S. Advanced polymeric solids containing nano- and micro-particles prepared via emulsion-based polymerization approaches. A review. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1208:339669. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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