1
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Sukhran Y, Alshanski I, Filiba O, Mackintosh MJ, Schapiro I, Hurevich M. Unexpected Nucleophile Masking in Acyl Transfer to Sterically Crowded and Conformationally Restricted Galactosides. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37269328 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Design and synthesis of orthogonally protected monosaccharide building blocks are crucial for the preparation of well-defined oligosaccharides in a stereo- and regiocontrolled manner. Selective introduction of protecting groups to partially protected monosaccharides is nontrivial due to the often unpredictable electronic, steric, and conformational effects of the substituents. Abolished reactivity toward a commonly used Lewis base-catalyzed acylation of O-2 was observed in conformationally restricted 4,6-O-benzylidene-3-O-Nap galactoside. Investigation of analogous systems, crystallographic characterization, and quantum chemical calculations highlighted the overlooked conformational and steric considerations, the combination of which produces a unique passivity of the 2-OH nucleophile. Evaluating the role of electrophile counterion and auxiliary base in the acylation of the sterically crowded and conformationally restricted galactoside system revealed an alternative Brønsted base-driven reaction pathway via nucleophilic activation. Insights gained from this model system were utilized to access the target galactoside intermediate within the envisioned synthetic route. The acylation strategy described herein can be implemented in future syntheses of key monomeric building blocks with unique protecting group hierarchies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonatan Sukhran
- The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Israel Alshanski
- The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Ofer Filiba
- Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Megan J Mackintosh
- Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Igor Schapiro
- Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Mattan Hurevich
- The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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2
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Shekunti RK, Tangalipalli S, Dhonthulachitty C, Kothakapu SR, Annapurna PD, Neella CK. N
‐Benzoyl‐4‐dimethylaminopyridinium Chloride: A Lewis Base Adduct for Efficient Poly and Monobenzoylation. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Swathi Tangalipalli
- Dept. of M.Sc.Chemistry Palamuru University Raichur Road Mahabubnagar Telangana 509001 India
| | | | - Sridhar Reddy Kothakapu
- Dept. of M.Sc. 5yr Integrated Chemistry Palamuru University Raichur Road Mahabubnagar Telangana 509001 India
| | | | - Chandra Kiran Neella
- Dept. of M.Sc.Chemistry Palamuru University Raichur Road Mahabubnagar Telangana 509001 India
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3
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Seitz A, Wende RC, Roesner E, Niedek D, Topp C, Colgan AC, McGarrigle EM, Schreiner PR. Site-Selective Acylation of Pyranosides with Oligopeptide Catalysts. J Org Chem 2021; 86:3907-3922. [PMID: 33617252 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the oligopeptide-catalyzed site-selective acylation of partially protected monosaccharides. We identified catalysts that invert site-selectivity compared to N-methylimidazole, which was used to determine the intrinsic reactivity, for 4,6-O-protected glucopyranosides (trans-diols) as well as 4,6-O-protected mannopyranosides (cis-diols). The reaction yields up to 81% of the inherently unfavored 2-O-acetylated products with selectivities up to 15:1 using mild reaction conditions. We also determined the influence of protecting groups on the reaction and demonstrate that our protocol is suitable for one-pot reactions with multiple consecutive protection steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Seitz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Raffael C Wende
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Emily Roesner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Dominik Niedek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Christopher Topp
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Avene C Colgan
- Centre for Synthesis & Chemical Biology, UCD School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Eoghan M McGarrigle
- Centre for Synthesis & Chemical Biology, UCD School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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4
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Kumar A, Gannedi V, Rather SA, Vishwakarma RA, Ahmed QN. Introducing Oxo-Phenylacetyl (OPAc) as a Protecting Group for Carbohydrates. J Org Chem 2019; 84:4131-4148. [PMID: 30888192 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A series of oxo-phenylacetyl (OPAc)-protected saccharides, with divergent base sensitivity profiles against benzoyl (Bz) and acetyl (Ac) were synthesized, and KHSO5/AcCl in methanol was identified as an easy, mild, selective, and efficient deprotecting reagent for their removal in the perspective of carbohydrate synthesis. Timely monitoring of AcCl reagent was supportive in both sequential and simultaneous deprotecting of OPAc, Bz, and Ac. The salient feature of our method is the orthogonal stability against different groups, its ease to generate different valuable acceptors using designed monosaccharides, and use of OPAc as a glycosyl donar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Kumar
- Medicinal Chemistry Division , Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (IIIM) , Jammu 180001 , India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR-IIIM) , Jammu 180001 , India
| | - Veeranjaneyulu Gannedi
- Medicinal Chemistry Division , Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (IIIM) , Jammu 180001 , India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR-IIIM) , Jammu 180001 , India
| | - Suhail A Rather
- Medicinal Chemistry Division , Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (IIIM) , Jammu 180001 , India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR-IIIM) , Jammu 180001 , India
| | - Ram A Vishwakarma
- Medicinal Chemistry Division , Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (IIIM) , Jammu 180001 , India
| | - Qazi Naveed Ahmed
- Medicinal Chemistry Division , Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (IIIM) , Jammu 180001 , India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR-IIIM) , Jammu 180001 , India
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5
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Ligand-controlled, transition-metal catalyzed site-selective modification of glycosides. Carbohydr Res 2019; 474:16-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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6
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Lv J, Luo T, Zhang Y, Pei Z, Dong H. Regio/Site-Selective Benzoylation of Carbohydrates by Catalytic Amounts of FeCl 3. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:17717-17723. [PMID: 31458369 PMCID: PMC6643987 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
This work uncovered the regio/site-selective benzoylation of 1,2- and 1,3-diols and glycosides containing a cis-vicinal diol using a catalytic amount of FeCl3 with the assistance of acetylacetone. FeCl3 may initially form [Fe(acac)3] (acac = acetylacetonate) with excess acetylacetone in the presence of diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) in acetonitrile at room temperature. Then, benzoylation was catalyzed by Fe(acac)3 with added benzoyl chloride in the presence of DIPEA under mild conditions as reported. This reaction produced selectivities and isolated yields similar to or slightly lower than the reaction using Fe(acac)3 as a catalyst in most cases. The result provides not only the green and convenient selective benzoylation method associated with the most inexpensive catalysts but also the possibility that the effects of various metal salts and ligands on the regioselective protection can be extensively investigated in future study to obtain the optimized catalytic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lv
- Key
Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage,
Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Tao Luo
- Key
Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage,
Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage,
Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Zhichao Pei
- College
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F
University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Hai Dong
- Key
Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage,
Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan 430074, PR China
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7
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Dimakos V, Taylor MS. Site-Selective Functionalization of Hydroxyl Groups in Carbohydrate Derivatives. Chem Rev 2018; 118:11457-11517. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Dimakos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Mark S. Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
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8
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Kulkarni SS, Wang CC, Sabbavarapu NM, Podilapu AR, Liao PH, Hung SC. "One-Pot" Protection, Glycosylation, and Protection-Glycosylation Strategies of Carbohydrates. Chem Rev 2018; 118:8025-8104. [PMID: 29870239 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates, which are ubiquitously distributed throughout the three domains of life, play significant roles in a variety of vital biological processes. Access to unique and homogeneous carbohydrate materials is important to understand their physical properties, biological functions, and disease-related features. It is difficult to isolate carbohydrates in acceptable purity and amounts from natural sources. Therefore, complex saccharides with well-defined structures are often most conviently accessed through chemical syntheses. Two major hurdles, regioselective protection and stereoselective glycosylation, are faced by carbohydrate chemists in synthesizing these highly complicated molecules. Over the past few years, there has been a radical change in tackling these problems and speeding up the synthesis of oligosaccharides. This is largely due to the development of one-pot protection, one-pot glycosylation, and one-pot protection-glycosylation protocols and streamlined approaches to orthogonally protected building blocks, including those from rare sugars, that can be used in glycan coupling. In addition, new automated strategies for oligosaccharide syntheses have been reported not only for program-controlled assembly on solid support but also by the stepwise glycosylation in solution phase. As a result, various sugar molecules with highly complex, large structures could be successfully synthesized. To summarize these recent advances, this review describes the methodologies for one-pot protection and their one-pot glycosylation into the complex glycans and the chronological developments associated with automated syntheses of oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvarn S Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Mumbai 400076 , India
| | | | | | - Ananda Rao Podilapu
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Mumbai 400076 , India
| | - Pin-Hsuan Liao
- Institute of Chemistry , Academia Sinica , Taipei 115 , Taiwan
| | - Shang-Cheng Hung
- Genomics Research Center , Academia Sinica , Taipei 115 , Taiwan
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9
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Shang W, Mou ZD, Tang H, Zhang X, Liu J, Fu Z, Niu D. Site-Selective O-Arylation of Glycosides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Ze-Dong Mou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Hua Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Xia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Zhengyan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Dawen Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
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10
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Shang W, Mou ZD, Tang H, Zhang X, Liu J, Fu Z, Niu D. Site-Selective O-Arylation of Glycosides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 57:314-318. [PMID: 29125221 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Ze-Dong Mou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Hua Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Xia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Zhengyan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Dawen Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
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11
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Donthulachitti C, Kothakapu SR, Shekunti RK, Neella CK. [DMAPTs] +
Cl −
: A Promising Versatile Regioselective Tosyl Transfer Reagent. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiranjeevi Donthulachitti
- Department of 5-Yr M.Sc. Chemistry; University College; Palamuru University; Mahabubanagar, Telangana 509001 India
| | - Sridhar Reddy Kothakapu
- Department of 5-Yr M.Sc. Chemistry; University College; Palamuru University; Mahabubanagar, Telangana 509001 India
| | - Ravi Kumar Shekunti
- Department of 5-Yr M.Sc. Chemistry; University College; Palamuru University; Mahabubanagar, Telangana 509001 India
| | - Chandra Kiran Neella
- Department of 5-Yr M.Sc. Chemistry; University College; Palamuru University; Mahabubanagar, Telangana 509001 India
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12
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13
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Zhang X, Ren B, Ge J, Pei Z, Dong H. A green and convenient method for regioselective mono and multiple benzoylation of diols and polyols. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.12.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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14
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Ren B, Ramström O, Zhang Q, Ge J, Dong H. An Iron(III) Catalyst with Unusually Broad Substrate Scope in Regioselective Alkylation of Diols and Polyols. Chemistry 2016; 22:2481-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ren
- Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for; Energy Conversion and Storage; Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Luoyu Road 1037 430074 Wuhan P.R. China
| | - Olof Ramström
- Department of Chemistry; KTH-Royal Institute of Technology; Teknikringen 30 10044 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for; Energy Conversion and Storage; Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Luoyu Road 1037 430074 Wuhan P.R. China
| | - Jiantao Ge
- Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for; Energy Conversion and Storage; Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Luoyu Road 1037 430074 Wuhan P.R. China
| | - Hai Dong
- Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for; Energy Conversion and Storage; Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Luoyu Road 1037 430074 Wuhan P.R. China
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15
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Jäger M, Minnaard AJ. Regioselective modification of unprotected glycosides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:656-64. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc08199h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The regioselective modification of unprotected glycosides represents shortcuts in carbohydrate chemistry and enables efficient routes to complex derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Jäger
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan J. Minnaard
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
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