Crystal and Solution Structure of 5′-O-(Guanosine-2′-O-Phosphonomethyl)Cytidine, an Isopolar Nonisosteric Phosphonate Analog Of GpC

DFT study of B-like conformations of deoxydinucleoside monophosphates containing Gua and/or Cyt and their complexes with Na+ cation

B-like minimum energy conformations of deoxydinucleoside monophosphate anions (dDMPs) containing Gua and/or Cyt and their Na+ complexes have been studied by the DFT PW91PW91/DZVP method. The optimized geometry of the dDMPs is in close agreement with experimental observations and the obtained minimum energy conformations are consistent with purine-purine, purine-pyrimidine, and pyrimidine-purine arrangements in crystals of B-DNA duplexes. All the studied systems are characterized by pyramidalization of the amino groups, which participate in the formation of unusual hydrogen bond between the carbonyl oxygen of the second base in the dGpdC, dCpdG dDMPs, and their Na+ complexes. In all the obtained structures the bases assume a nearly parallel disposition to each other and this effect is independent on the degree of their spatial superposition. From this it is concluded that the parallel disposition of the bases in the B-like single-stranded conformations is dictated by the sugar-phosphate backbone. Correspondingly, the base-base interactions attain a secondary role in the formation of these spatial structures. The formation of a weak C6-H6...O5' hydrogen bond between cytosine and the phosphate oxygen is reported, in agreement with experimental observations.

Oligonucleotides with isopolar phosphonate internucleotide linkage: a new perspective for antisense compounds?

Several types of isopolar modified oligothymidylates and oligoadenylates (15 mers) with the phosphonate -O-P-CH2-O- internucleotide linkage were prepared. The modified oligonucleotides were subjected to the study of their hybridization properties, resistance against nucleases, and the ability to elicit RNase H activity.