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Eklund R, Lövgren M. The Family Talk Intervention in Pediatric Oncology: Ill Children's Descriptions of Feasibility and Potential Effects. JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY/ONCOLOGY NURSING 2022; 39:143-154. [PMID: 35467434 DOI: 10.1177/27527530221068423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Background: There are few scientifically evaluated psychosocial interventions in pediatric oncology, despite the needs for families. The family-based psychosocial intervention "The Family Talk Intervention" (FTI) has shown promising results in other care contexts and was therefore pilot-tested in pediatric oncology. In this study, we examined the experiences of participating in FTI from ill children's perspectives regarding feasibility and potential effects. Methods: This pilot study involved 26 families in pediatric oncology that had participated in FTI. The paper is focused on those ill children who answered surveys (n = 19) and/or participated in interviews (n = 11) when FTI had ended. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Results: For most ill children, FTI came at the right time, included a reasonable number of meetings, and the length of the meetings was appropriate. The children felt listened to and understood by the interventionists and almost all children reported that FTI had helped them in some way. The children's perceptions indicated that FTI improved communication within the family and strengthened family relations. Children reported that the parents and their siblings seemed to feel better after participation and became more understanding. Discussion: The findings of this pilot study indicated that a full-scale study could be valuable from the ill children's perspective, as FTI was reported as feasible and had positive effects. The findings showed that FTI gave families an opportunity to open up communication about the illness, adjust their behaviors, and strengthen family relationships. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03650530.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakel Eklund
- 7643Ersta Sköndal Bräcke University College, Department of Health Care Sciences, Palliative Research Centre, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neuroscience, National Centre for Disaster Psychiatry, 8097Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Malin Lövgren
- 7643Ersta Sköndal Bräcke University College, Department of Health Care Sciences, Palliative Research Centre, Stockholm, Sweden
- Advanced Pediatric Home Care, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, 59562Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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A structural equation model of developing a partnership between pediatric nurses and parents of children with cancer in South Korea. J Pediatr Nurs 2022; 63:e27-e35. [PMID: 34776314 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A trust-based cooperative partnership between pediatric nurses and parents of children with cancer is a significant factor in improving parents' coping abilities and reducing their anxiety. We aimed to identify factors and construct a structural equation model of developing a partnership between pediatric nurses and parents of children with cancer in South Korea. The model was based on Lazarus and Folkman's stress-coping-adaptation model. DESIGN AND METHODS Data were collected utilizing a structured questionnaire, which included the following variables: parental stress, perceived nursing support, empowerment, coping, communication with nurses and nurse-parents partnership. The study participants included 205 parents of children diagnosed with cancer and receiving treatment as either inpatients or outpatients in South Korea. We used SPSS/WIN 26.0 to analyze the data and AMOS 26.0 to conduct the structural equation modeling. RESULTS Empowerment (β = 0.536, p = 0.001) and communication with nurses (β = 0.169, p = 0.021) explained 26.0% of the total variance of nurse-parents partnership. CONCLUSIONS The final model constructed here was confirmed to be suitable for explaining and predicting parent-nurse partnerships. Our results are meaningful in constructing partnership model between pediatric nurses and parents of children with cancer based on conceptual model. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Strategies and efforts to enhance communication with nurses and parental empowerment will be helpful for enhancing parent-nurse partnerships as children and parents go through the treatment process.
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Young K, Bowers A, Bradford N. Families' experiences of child and adolescent brain tumor: A systematic review and synthesis of qualitative research. Psychooncology 2021; 30:1643-1662. [PMID: 34124814 DOI: 10.1002/pon.5745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Brain tumors are the most common and fatal of all solid tumors for children and adolescents; those who survive live with long-term physical and emotional consequences, as do their families. We aimed to synthesize relevant qualitative evidence on families' experiences and psychosocial service needs across the lifespan to identify gaps in care delivery and research. METHODS Searches were conducted in Medline, CINAHL, PsycInfo, Embase, and Web of Science. Identified papers were assessed with the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool. Data were extracted into NVivo12 and analyzed by qualitative description and, where appropriate, thematic analysis. RESULTS The search yielded 628 papers, of which 40 (33 studies) were eligible (6%). Although the methodological quality of the papers was low, we identified concerns that were consistently reported over time and from different perspectives. Individual family members had varying psychosocial needs to be addressed within healthcare, schooling, and public policy. These include for survivor's mental health (particularly for body image), and to the disproportionate biopsychosocial burden faced by mother-caregivers. CONCLUSIONS Addressing the biological aspects of brain tumor cannot be our only focus. We have an obligation to provide services that meet the needs of families across diagnosis, treatment, survivorship, palliative care, and bereavement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Young
- Cancer and Palliative Care Outcomes Center, Center for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Alison Bowers
- Cancer and Palliative Care Outcomes Center, Center for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Center for Children's Health Research, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Natalie Bradford
- Cancer and Palliative Care Outcomes Center, Center for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Center for Children's Health Research, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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The Many Roles of the Rock: A Qualitative Inquiry into the Roles and Responsibilities of Fathers of Children with Brain Tumors. CHILDREN-BASEL 2019; 6:children6100113. [PMID: 31614522 PMCID: PMC6826713 DOI: 10.3390/children6100113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A pediatric brain tumor diagnosis impacts an entire family unit, from diagnosis through curative treatment, and into survivorship or bereavement. Paternal caregiver experience has been significantly underexplored in pediatric neuro-oncology research as compared to maternal experience. This case series study explores the paternal roles, responsibilities, strengths, challenges, personal growth, and support needs of fathers of children with brain tumors receiving new palliative care consultations. In the study setting, a neuro-oncology diagnosis results in an automatic referral to the palliative care team, and thus, a convenience sampling model was employed based on consecutive palliative care consults for new childhood brain tumor diagnoses. In this study, four fathers of pediatric brain tumor patients receiving palliative care consultations responded to eight open-ended questions. Individual, voice-recorded interviews were transcribed for semantic content qualitative analysis. Analysis followed Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) guidelines. Participants completed quantitative surveys of their information preferences and support needs. Participants defined their father role as: being a team parent, an adaptable father, supporter, provider, a present father, and protector. Role conflict due to paternal responsibilities were recognized, such as the absence from the hospital to provide financial security for the family, and yet a desire to be physically present for the child. Fathers prioritized their knowledge needs about their child’s diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment above emotional needs. Fathers shared experiences of their personal growth through their child’s brain tumor diagnosis and advised on preferred support formats to include both verbal and written information. Understanding how paternal caregivers of children with cancer define their roles and goals has potential to improve the care and communication delivered to families of pediatric neuro-oncology patients.
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Jackson AC, Frydenberg E, Koey XM, Fernandez A, Higgins RO, Stanley T, Liang RPT, Le Grande MR, Murphy BM. Enhancing Parental Coping with a Child's Heart Condition: A Co-production Pilot Study. Compr Child Adolesc Nurs 2019; 43:314-333. [PMID: 31584303 DOI: 10.1080/24694193.2019.1671915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Families of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) can have difficulties coping with the stress of their child's condition and would benefit from assistance to cope better. To address the needs of these parents, the Australian Center for Heart Health/HeartKids Australia/Melbourne Graduate School of Education co-produced Family Coping Project was initiated. This project involved two systematic literature reviews, interviews with parents of children with CHD, and the development and piloting of a manualised parental coping program. The primary aims of the pilot study were to determine whether the program would: attract high needs families; enhance the coping self-efficacy of parents; and be acceptable to parents in terms of content and mode of delivery. The secondary aims were to investigate whether the program would impact on parental coping, parental stress and general stress. Parents completed pre-, post-program and 6-month follow up assessment measures, with parent stress scores being compared to stress scores reported for other chronic condition parent carer groups. Twenty-one parents participated and provided baseline data. They were found to be significantly more stressed than other parent carer groups. Eleven parents completed post-program data and 13 completed 6-month follow-up data. There was a significant increase in parents' coping self-efficacy from pre- to post-program, and from pre- to 6-months. Parents' use of productive coping styles increased significantly from pre- to post-program. The program was rated as highly acceptable in terms of content and delivery mode. The pilot provides strong evidence for upscaling the program in conjunction with individualized psychological support for parents to extend knowledge acquisition and attitude change into enhanced coping skills and demonstrated the benefits of a co-production process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alun C Jackson
- Australian Centre for Heart Health , Melbourne, Australia.,Faculty of Health, Deakin University , Geelong, Australia.,Melbourne Graduate School of Education, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia.,Centre on Behavioural Health, Hong Kong University , Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Erica Frydenberg
- Melbourne Graduate School of Education, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia
| | - Xui Min Koey
- Melbourne Graduate School of Education, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia
| | - Amanda Fernandez
- Melbourne Graduate School of Education, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rosemary O Higgins
- Australian Centre for Heart Health , Melbourne, Australia.,Faculty of Health, Deakin University , Geelong, Australia.,Department of Physiotherapy, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tracy Stanley
- HeartKids Australia Family Support Program, Royal Children's Hospital , Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rachel Pui-Tak Liang
- Melbourne Graduate School of Education, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michael R Le Grande
- Australian Centre for Heart Health , Melbourne, Australia.,Faculty of Health, Deakin University , Geelong, Australia
| | - Barbara M Murphy
- Australian Centre for Heart Health , Melbourne, Australia.,Faculty of Health, Deakin University , Geelong, Australia.,Department of Psychology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia
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Hamm LM, Boluk KA, Black JM, Dai S, Thompson B. Phenomenological approach to childhood cataract treatment in New Zealand using semi-structured interviews: how might we improve provision of care. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e024869. [PMID: 30782745 PMCID: PMC6352803 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To understand how we might improve the provision of medical care for children with cataracts. DESIGN A phenomenological design was employed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to capture rich descriptions of the phenomena. Our goal in the interview and the analysis was to understand the sources of distress associated with treatment for cataract and deprivation amblyopia which (1) could be addressed by the medical community and (2) related to treatment adherence. SETTING Interviews were conducted by a non-clinician researcher in New Zealand (NZ) in a location chosen by informants. In NZ, the red reflex screening test is performed shortly after birth, and surgery to remove paediatric cataracts is publicly funded. PARTICIPANTS Families of children who had a history of cataract in Auckland, NZ were posted an invitation to participate. Twenty families were interviewed. RESULTS Our analysis illustrated that informants described a wide range of experiences, from declined cataract surgery to full adherence to medical advice including years of patching for more than 4 hours a day. Across these experiences, we identified three relevant themes; timing of diagnosis, communication between the parent and clinician, and parental social support networks. CONCLUSION The medical community may be better placed to support families dealing with childhood cataract by improving detection of childhood cataract, building appropriate communication pathways and promoting social support, with an emphasis on empathetic, individualised care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Hamm
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Karla A Boluk
- Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joanna M Black
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Shuan Dai
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Benjamin Thompson
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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Cutillo A, Zimmerman K, Davies S, Madan-Swain A, Landier W, Arynchyna A, Rocque BG. Coping strategies used by caregivers of children with newly diagnosed brain tumors. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2019; 23:30-39. [PMID: 30485195 PMCID: PMC6944290 DOI: 10.3171/2018.7.peds18296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In BriefThe authors interviewed families whose children had recently been hospitalized with a new brain tumor. From these interviews, they identified parents' coping strategies for handling the stress of having a child with a newly diagnosed tumor. Some strategies are considered "adaptive" and help parents deal with the stress better. Others are "maladaptive," leading to worse outcomes. Parents of children with brain tumors are at risk for maladaptive coping. Efforts to teach parents how to cope effectively with the stress of a sick child have the potential to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Cutillo
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Kathrin Zimmerman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Susan Davies
- Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Avi Madan-Swain
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Wendy Landier
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Anastasia Arynchyna
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Brandon G. Rocque
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
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Stavinoha PL, Askins MA, Powell SK, Pillay Smiley N, Robert RS. Neurocognitive and Psychosocial Outcomes in Pediatric Brain Tumor Survivors. Bioengineering (Basel) 2018; 5:E73. [PMID: 30208602 PMCID: PMC6164803 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering5030073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The late neurocognitive and psychosocial effects of treatment for pediatric brain tumor (PBT) represent important areas of clinical focus and ongoing research. Neurocognitive sequelae and associated problems with learning and socioemotional development negatively impact PBT survivors' overall health-related quality of life, educational attainment and employment rates. Multiple factors including tumor features and associated complications, treatment methods, individual protective and vulnerability factors and accessibility of environmental supports contribute to the neurocognitive and psychosocial outcomes in PBT survivors. Declines in overall measured intelligence are common and may persist years after treatment. Core deficits in attention, processing speed and working memory are postulated to underlie problems with overall intellectual development, academic achievement and career attainment. Additionally, psychological problems after PBT can include depression, anxiety and psychosocial adjustment issues. Several intervention paradigms are briefly described, though to date research on innovative, specific and effective interventions for neurocognitive late effects is still in its early stages. This article reviews the existing research for understanding PBT late effects and highlights the need for innovative research to enhance neurocognitive and psychosocial outcomes in PBT survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter L Stavinoha
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Martha A Askins
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Stephanie K Powell
- Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Natasha Pillay Smiley
- Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Rhonda S Robert
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Parent's Perspectives on How They Cope With the Impact on Their Family of a Child With Heart Disease. J Pediatr Nurs 2018; 40:e9-e17. [PMID: 29396310 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2018.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Studies of familial coping with a child's chronic condition have highlighted psychological distress; family functioning; and quality of life; as issues that demand coping strategies. There are conflicting findings on impact and coping and a paucity of information about the specific coping challenges for parents of a child with heart disease, with few qualitative studies in this area. The purpose of the study was to explore the way parents coped with their child's heart condition as it impacted on different domains of family functioning. DESIGN AND METHOD In this qualitative study, interviews were held with 17 parents attending a pediatric hospital-based family support program in 2015. Fifteen of the 17 children's conditions were classified as "major". Domains covered in the interviews included: coping challenges posed at different stages of the illness trajectory, parenting, condition management, transitions, psychological impact, social support and coping strategies. Interview transcripts were coded thematically. RESULTS Multiple points of stress and challenges to coping were identified: coping with the diagnosis, including consideration of termination; dealing with the challenges facing their child; coping with parenting including co-parenting issues; the role of social support in coping; and identification of adaptive and maladaptive coping behaviours. CONCLUSION A large range of positive coping strategies were identified, as was the need for coping-focused psychological support throughout the parents' and children's journey. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The strategies identified have formed the basis of a manualised intervention for these parents.
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Baron Nelson M, Riley K, Arellano K. Adding a Parent to the Brain Tumor Team: Evaluating a Peer Support Intervention for Parents of Children With Brain Tumors. J Pediatr Oncol Nurs 2018; 35:218-228. [DOI: 10.1177/1043454218762797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood brain tumors often present profound challenges to patients and families. To address these challenges, the California Chapter of the Pediatric Brain Tumor Foundation provides hospital-based support services to parents of children with brain tumors from a Veteran Parent (VP). This mixed-methods, cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention using validated tools to compare parental resilience and impact of illness on the family between parents who met with the VP and those who did not. Two-tailed t tests assessed significant differences in scores on the PedsQL Family Impact module and Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-25). Additional qualitative data gleaned from focus groups with stakeholders (health care providers and parents) were analyzed using key constructs of social support theory with Atlas.ti. Although there were no significant differences in overall scores on the PedsQL Family Impact module or CD-RISC-25 between groups, parents in the intervention group scored better on items related to handling difficult decisions and painful feelings. Overarching themes emerged from focus groups around participants’ experiences with the program and included informational and emotional support, peer parent relatedness, changed outlook, and empowerment. Results reveal the impact of peer parent support and need for emotional and instrumental support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Baron Nelson
- Keck School of Medicine at USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kathy Riley
- Pediatric Brain Tumor Foundation, Asheville, NC, USA
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Gage-Bouchard EA, LaValley S, Mollica M, Beaupin LK. Communication and Exchange of Specialized Health-Related Support Among People With Experiential Similarity on Facebook. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2017; 32:1233-1240. [PMID: 27485860 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2016.1196518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Social support is an important factor that shapes how people cope with illness, and health-related communication among peers managing the same illness (network ties with experiential similarity) offers specialized information, resources, and emotional support. Facebook has become a ubiquitous part of many Americans' lives, and may offer a way for patients and caregivers experiencing a similar illness to exchange specialized health-related support. However, little is known about the content of communication among people who have coped with the same illness on personal Facebook pages. We conducted a content analysis of 12 months of data from 18 publicly available Facebook pages hosted by parents of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, focusing on communication between users who self-identified as parents of pediatric cancer patients. Support exchanges between users with experiential similarity contained highly specialized health-related information, including information about health services use, symptom recognition, compliance, medication use, treatment protocols, and medical procedures. Parents also exchanged tailored emotional support through comparison, empathy, encouragement, and hope. Building upon previous research documenting that social media use can widen and diversify support networks, our findings show that cancer caregivers access specialized health-related informational and emotional support through communication with others who have experienced the same illness on personal Facebook pages. These findings have implications for health communication practice and offer evidence to tailor M-Health interventions that leverage existing social media platforms to enhance peer support for patients and caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susan LaValley
- b Department of Community Health and Health Behavior , The University at Buffalo
| | | | - Lynda Kwon Beaupin
- d Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology , Roswell Park Cancer Institute
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Eaton Russell C, Bouffet E, Beaton J, Lollis S. Balancing grief and survival: Experiences of children with brain tumors and their parents. J Psychosoc Oncol 2016; 34:376-99. [DOI: 10.1080/07347332.2016.1212448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Su XY, Lau JT, Mak WW, Choi KC, Feng TJ, Chen X, Liu CL, Liu J, Liu D, Chen L, Song JM, Zhang Y, Zhao GL, Zhu ZP, Cheng JQ. A preliminary validation of the Brief COPE instrument for assessing coping strategies among people living with HIV in China. Infect Dis Poverty 2015; 4:41. [PMID: 26370135 PMCID: PMC4570223 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-015-0074-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Brief COPE instrument has been utilized to conduct research on various populations, including people living with HIV (PLWH). However, the questionnaire constructs when applied to PLWH have not been subjected to thorough factor validation. METHODS A total of 258 PLWH were recruited from two provinces of China. They answered questions involving the scales of three instruments: the Brief COPE, the Perceived Social Support Scale, and the Perceived Discrimination Scale for PLWH. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) were conducted. RESULTS The CFA found a poor goodness of fit to the data. The subsequent EFA identified six preliminary factors, forming subscales with Cronbach's alphas, which ranged from 0.61 to 0.80. Significant correlation coefficients between the subscales and measures of perceived social support and perceived discrimination were reported, giving preliminary support to the validity of the new empirical factor structure. CONCLUSION This study showed that the original factor structure of the Brief COPE instrument, when applied to PLWH in China, did not fit the data. Thus, the Brief COPE should be applied to various populations and cultures with caution. The new factor structure established by the EFA is only preliminary and requires further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-You Su
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Joseph Tf Lau
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong; CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Winnie Ws Mak
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - K C Choi
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong; CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Xi Chen
- Hunan Province CDC, Hengyang, China
| | | | - Jun Liu
- Hengyang City CDC, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - De Liu
- The 5th Hospital, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
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Sumner LA, Wellisch DK, Kim Y, Spillers RL. Psychosocial Characteristics of Adult Daughters of Breast Cancer Patients: Comparison of Clinic and Community Caregivers Samples. J Psychosoc Oncol 2015; 33:561-75. [PMID: 26176356 DOI: 10.1080/07347332.2015.1067281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The long-term psychosocial impact of adult daughters caring for their mothers with breast cancer has been recognized but understudied. The objectives of this study were to characterize the psychosocial functioning of women who served as informal caregivers during their mothers. treatment for breast cancer in two distinct samples, community and high risk clinic, and to determine differences in psychosocial functioning between the two samples. METHODS Using a cross-sectional design, a sample of mostly married, Caucasian and college educated women (N = 59) were administered a battery of questionnaires assessing socio-demographic and psychosocial factors (i.e. coping, caregiving tasks and difficulty, social support, spirituality, mental distress, depressive symptoms). RESULTS Using descriptive analysis, chi-square and T tests, results demonstrated significant differences between the two samples in time since caregiving, with the community sample reporting few years since the caregiving episode (e.g. 2.1 versus 15.1 years); coping strategies, with the clinic sample reporting higher scores on active coping, behavioral disengagement, planning, and self-blame; support type care tasks difficulty, with the clinic sample reporting higher scores on emotional support and tangible support, and all domains of spirituality (e.g. peace, meaning, faith), with higher levels being reported by the community sample. Although participants did not exhibit clinically significant levels of emotional distress, almost 25% of the community sample and 10% of the clinic sample had clinically significant depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Findings underscore the need for interventions tailored for caregivers to consider the unique psychosocial characteristics of caregivers across settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekeisha A Sumner
- a Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA , Los Angeles CA , USA ; and Department of Psychology, Alliant International University , Los Angeles , CA , USA.,b Department of Psychology , Alliant International University , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | - David K Wellisch
- a Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA , Los Angeles CA , USA ; and Department of Psychology, Alliant International University , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | - Youngmee Kim
- c Department of Psychology, University of Miami , FL , USA
| | - Rachel L Spillers
- d Behavioral Research Center, American Cancer Society , Atlanta , GA , USA
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Van Schoors M, Caes L, Verhofstadt LL, Goubert L, Alderfer MA. Systematic Review: Family Resilience After Pediatric Cancer Diagnosis: Figure 1. J Pediatr Psychol 2015; 40:856-68. [DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsv055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Gage-Bouchard EA, LaValley S, Panagakis C, Shelton RC. The architecture of support: The activation of preexisting ties and formation of new ties for tailored support. Soc Sci Med 2015; 134:59-65. [PMID: 25888807 PMCID: PMC4436002 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study examines differences in the resources, information, and support parents coping with pediatric cancer accessed from different types of network contacts. Using interviews with parents of childhood cancer patients (N = 80 parents), we examine (1) if parents rely on different types of network ties to access tailored information, resources or support; (2) differences in the nature or utility of information, resources, and support offered by different types of network contacts; and (3) the role of health-related professionals in brokering new network ties. Findings show that after a child's cancer diagnosis, parents received support from a broad portfolio of network members, which included preexisting network ties to friends and families as well as the formation of new ties to other cancer families and health-related professionals. Family, friends, and neighbors offered logistical support that aided balancing preexisting work and household responsibilities with new obligations. Parents formed new ties to other families coping with cancer for tailored health-related emotional and informational support. Health-related professionals served as network brokers, who fostered the development of new network ties and connected parents with supportive resources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susan LaValley
- The University at Buffalo, Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, United States
| | | | - Rachel C Shelton
- Columbia's Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Sociomedical Sciences, United States
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Jackson AC, Frydenberg E, Liang RPT, Higgins RO, Murphy BM. Familial impact and coping with child heart disease: a systematic review. Pediatr Cardiol 2015; 36:695-712. [PMID: 25618163 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-015-1121-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Families of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) cope differently depending on individual and familial factors beyond the severity of the child's condition. Recent research has shifted from an emphasis on the psychopathology of family functioning to a focus on the resilience of families in coping with the challenges presented by a young child's condition. The increasing number of studies on the relationship between psychological adaptation, parental coping and parenting practices and quality of life in families of children with CHD necessitates an in-depth re-exploration. The present study reviews published literature in this area over the past 25 years to generate evidence to inform clinical practice, particularly to better target parent and family interventions designed to enhance family coping. Twenty-five studies were selected for inclusion, using the PRISMA guidelines. Thematic analysis identified a number of themes including psychological distress and well-being, gender differences in parental coping, and variable parenting practices and a number of subthemes. There is general agreement in the literature that families who have fewer psychosocial resources and lower levels of support may be at risk of higher psychological distress and lower well-being over time, for both parent and the child. Moreover, familial factors such as cohesiveness and adaptive parental coping strategies are necessary for successful parental adaptation to CHD in their child. The experiences, needs and ways of coping in families of children with CHD are diverse and multi-faceted. A holistic approach to early psychosocial intervention should target improved adaptive coping and enhanced productive parenting practices in this population. This should lay a strong foundation for these families to successfully cope with future uncertainties and challenges at various phases in the trajectory of the child's condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alun C Jackson
- Heart Research Centre, 14-20 Blackwood Street, North Melbourne, VIC, 3051, Australia,
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Rosenberg-Yunger ZRS, Granek L, Sung L, Klaassen R, Dix D, Cairney J, Klassen AF. Single-parent caregivers of children with cancer: factors assisting with caregiving strains. J Pediatr Oncol Nurs 2013; 30:45-55. [PMID: 23372040 DOI: 10.1177/1043454212471727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Caring for a child with a cancer can result in significant financial strain on families, which in turn can affect parental emotional, physical, and social health. We explored the supportive factors and resources that helped single parents of children with cancer throughout the caregiving process. METHODS Using a constructivist grounded theory approach, we recruited 29 single parents of children with cancer that were at least 6 months postdiagnosis and 2 hospital social workers across 4 Canadian pediatric oncology centers. RESULTS Many parents had knowledge of, accessed, and received support from family, friends, community (eg, teachers, religious organizations) and cancer organizations and government programs. Nonetheless, they reported a number of unmet needs. CONCLUSIONS Participants reported their need for more social-emotional, practical, and financial support to assist them with their caregiving duties. We recommend that hospitals provide education to describe (a) supports available to families and (b) parental caregiver needs to families' support networks. Further research is needed to identify limitations of the current public benefit schemes for caregivers.
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Park YO, Son Hong GR, Tak YR. Predictors of Resilience in Adolescents with Cancer. CHILD HEALTH NURSING RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.4094/chnr.2013.19.3.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Hovén EI, Lannering B, Gustafsson G, Boman KK. Persistent impact of illness on families of adult survivors of childhood central nervous system tumors: a population-based cohort study. Psychooncology 2011; 22:160-7. [DOI: 10.1002/pon.2067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2010] [Revised: 08/10/2011] [Accepted: 08/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma I. Hovén
- Karolinska Institutet; Department of Women's and Children's Health; Childhood Cancer Research Unit; Stockholm; Sweden
| | - Birgitta Lannering
- University of Gothenburg; Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatric Oncology; Gothenburg; Sweden
| | - Göran Gustafsson
- Karolinska Institutet; Department of Women's and Children's Health; Childhood Cancer Research Unit; Stockholm; Sweden
| | - Krister K. Boman
- Karolinska Institutet; Department of Women's and Children's Health; Childhood Cancer Research Unit; Stockholm; Sweden
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