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Rodríguez-Garza NE, Quintanilla-Licea R, Romo-Sáenz CI, Elizondo-Luevano JH, Tamez-Guerra P, Rodríguez-Padilla C, Gomez-Flores R. In Vitro Biological Activity and Lymphoma Cell Growth Inhibition by Selected Mexican Medicinal Plants. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13040958. [PMID: 37109486 PMCID: PMC10143981 DOI: 10.3390/life13040958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major health problem with significant morbidity and mortality. In addition, plants are a source of metabolites with diverse biological properties, including antitumor potential. In this study, we investigated the in vitro murine lymphoma L5178Y-R cell growth inhibition, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) toxicity and proliferation, and antioxidant, hemolytic, and anti-hemolytic activities of methanol extracts from 15 plants of traditional use in Mexico. Justicia spicigera caused the highest tumor cell growth inhibition with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 29.10 µg/mL and a selectivity index >34.36 compared with those of PBMC, whereas Mimosa tenuiflora showed the highest lymphoproliferative activity from 200 µg/mL compared with that induced by concanavalin A. In addition, M. tenuiflora showed an antioxidant effect (IC50 = 2.86 µg/mL) higher than that of ascorbic acid. Regarding the hemolytic and anti-hemolytic activity, all extracts presented significant anti-hemolytic activity. The extract of J. spicigera is emerging as a possible source of effective antineoplastic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy E. Rodríguez-Garza
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, N.L., Mexico
- Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Tropicales (e-INTRO), IBSAL—CIETUS (Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca—Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales de la Universidad de Salamanca), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ramiro Quintanilla-Licea
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, N.L., Mexico
| | - César I. Romo-Sáenz
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, N.L., Mexico
| | - Joel H. Elizondo-Luevano
- Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Tropicales (e-INTRO), IBSAL—CIETUS (Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca—Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales de la Universidad de Salamanca), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, N.L., Mexico
| | - Patricia Tamez-Guerra
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, N.L., Mexico
| | - Cristina Rodríguez-Padilla
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, N.L., Mexico
| | - Ricardo Gomez-Flores
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, N.L., Mexico
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Elizondo-Luévano JH, Pérez-Narváez OA, Sánchez-García E, Castro-Ríos R, Hernández-García ME, Chávez-Montes A. In-Vitro Effect of Kalanchoe daigremontiana and Its Main Component, Quercetin against Entamoeba histolytica and Trichomonas vaginalis. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2021; 16:394-401. [PMID: 34630584 PMCID: PMC8476722 DOI: 10.18502/ijpa.v16i3.7092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Parasitic infections represent one of the main public health problems in humans according to the WHO. Therefore, the need has arisen to find new treatments that can be used as an alternative cure to parasitosis. We aimed to investigate the in-vitro effects of the methanolic extract of Kalanchoe daigremontiana as well as its main component, quercetin against Entamoeba histolytica and Trichomonas vaginalis. Methods: For this purpose, the in-vitro activity of the methanol extract of K. daigremontiana also its main component, quercetin, against trophozoites of E. histolytica and T. vaginalis was evaluated, using the microassay technique. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity was determined. Finally, the cytotoxic and cytoprotective capacity was determined using the hemolysis technique. Results: The IC50 indicated that quercetin significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited the growth rate of the trophozoite stage of E. histolytica and T. vaginalis in comparison to the methanolic extract of K. daigremontiana (KalL). Also, quercetin significantly (P < 0.05) was a better antioxidant as compared with the positive control. In the evaluation of cytotoxicity effects, it could be observed that KalL as compared with quercetin exhibited more cytotoxicity against human erythrocytes. Quercetin significantly (P < 0.001) exhibited better cytoprotective activity compared to KalL. Conclusion: Both K. daigremontiana methanolic extract and quercetin alone demonstrated high antiparasitic activity against E. histolytica and T. vaginalis. However, the in-vivo efficacy of K. daigremontiana and quercetin also requires to be evaluated using an animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel H Elizondo-Luévano
- Department of Chemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Oscar A Pérez-Narváez
- Department of Chemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Eduardo Sánchez-García
- Department of Chemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Rocío Castro-Ríos
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Magda E Hernández-García
- Department of Chemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Abelardo Chávez-Montes
- Department of Chemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
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Orozco-Flores AA, Valadez-Lira JA, Covarrubias-Cárdenas KE, Pérez-Trujillo JJ, Gomez-Flores R, Caballero-Hernández D, Tamez-Guerra R, Rodríguez-Padilla C, Tamez-Guerra P. In vitro antitumor, pro-inflammatory, and pro-coagulant activities of Megalopyge opercularis J.E. Smith hemolymph and spine venom. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18395. [PMID: 33110124 PMCID: PMC7592054 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75231-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Contact with stinging spines venom from several Lepidoptera larvae may result in skin lesions. In Mexico, envenomation outbreaks caused by Megalopyge opercularis were reported between 2015 and 2016. The aim of this study was to identify the venomous caterpillars in Nuevo Leon, Mexico and evaluate several biological activities of their hemolymph (HEV) and spine setae (SSV) venoms. M. opercularis was identified by cytochrome oxidase subunit (COI) designed primers. HEV and SSV extracts cytotoxic activity was assessed on the L5178Y-R lymphoma cell line. For apoptotic cells number and apoptosis, cells were stained with acridine orange/ethidium bromide and validated by DNA fragmentation. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMC) cytokine response to the extracts was measured by the cytometric bead array assay. Extracts effect on pro-coagulation activity on human plasma was also evaluated. HEV and SSV extracts significantly inhibited (p < 0.01) up to 63% L5178Y-R tumor cell growth at 125–500 µg/mL, as compared with 43% of Vincristine. About 79% extracts-treated tumor cells death was caused by apoptosis. Extracts stimulated (p < 0.01) up to 60% proliferation of resident murine lymphocytes, upregulated IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α production by hPBMC, and showed potent pro-coagulant effects. The pharmacological relevance of these venoms is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alonso A Orozco-Flores
- Departamento de Microbiología E Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (FCB), Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Cd. Universitaria, AP. 46-F., 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, NL, Mexico
| | - José A Valadez-Lira
- Departamento de Microbiología E Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (FCB), Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Cd. Universitaria, AP. 46-F., 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, NL, Mexico
| | - Karina E Covarrubias-Cárdenas
- Departamento de Microbiología E Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (FCB), Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Cd. Universitaria, AP. 46-F., 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, NL, Mexico
| | | | - Ricardo Gomez-Flores
- Departamento de Microbiología E Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (FCB), Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Cd. Universitaria, AP. 46-F., 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, NL, Mexico
| | - Diana Caballero-Hernández
- Departamento de Microbiología E Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (FCB), Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Cd. Universitaria, AP. 46-F., 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, NL, Mexico
| | - Reyes Tamez-Guerra
- Departamento de Microbiología E Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (FCB), Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Cd. Universitaria, AP. 46-F., 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, NL, Mexico
| | - Cristina Rodríguez-Padilla
- Departamento de Microbiología E Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (FCB), Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Cd. Universitaria, AP. 46-F., 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, NL, Mexico
| | - Patricia Tamez-Guerra
- Departamento de Microbiología E Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (FCB), Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Cd. Universitaria, AP. 46-F., 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, NL, Mexico.
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Reyna-Martinez R, Gomez-Flores R, López-Chuken U, Quintanilla-Licea R, Caballero-Hernandez D, Rodríguez-Padilla C, Beltrán-Rocha JC, Tamez-Guerra P. Antitumor activity of Chlorella sorokiniana and Scenedesmus sp. microalgae native of Nuevo León State, México. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4358. [PMID: 29441241 PMCID: PMC5808310 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cases result in 13% of all deaths worldwide. Unwanted side effects in patients under conventional treatments have led to the search for beneficial alternative therapies. Microalgae synthesize compounds with known in vitro and in vivo biological activity against different tumor cell lines. Therefore, native microalgae from the State of Nuevo Leon, Mexico may become a potential source of antitumor agents. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxic effect of Nuevo Leon regional Chlorella sorokiniana (Chlorellales: Chlorellaceae) and Scenedesmus sp. (Chlorococcales: Scenedesmaceae). Native microalgae crude organic extracts cytotoxicity against murine L5178Y-R lymphoma cell line and normal lymphocyte proliferation were evaluated using the MTT reduction colorimetric assay. Cell death pathway was analyzed by acridine orange and ethidium bromide staining, DNA degradation in 2% agarose gel electrophoresis and caspases activity. Results indicated significant (p < 0.05) 61.89% ± 3.26% and 74.77% ± 1.84% tumor cytotoxicity by C. sorokiniana and Scenedesmus sp. methanol extracts, respectively, at 500 µg/mL, by the mechanism of apoptosis. This study contributes to Mexican microalgae biodiversity knowledge and their potential as antitumor agent sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Reyna-Martinez
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Ricardo Gomez-Flores
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Ulrico López-Chuken
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Ramiro Quintanilla-Licea
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Diana Caballero-Hernandez
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Cristina Rodríguez-Padilla
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Julio Cesar Beltrán-Rocha
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Patricia Tamez-Guerra
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
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Gomez-Flores R, Espinosa-Ramos D, Quintanilla-Licea R, Barrón-Gonzalez MP, Tamez-Guerra P, Tamez-Guerra R, Rodriguez-Padilla C. ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF GYMNOSPERMA GLUTINOSUM (SPRENG.) LESS. (ASTERACEAE) METHANOL EXTRACTS AGAINST HELICOBACTER PYLORI. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES 2016; 13:55-59. [PMID: 28852720 PMCID: PMC5566153 DOI: 10.21010/ajtcam.v13i4.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolonged use of antibiotics may lead to the selection of drug-resistant bacteria; as a result, efforts are being made to identify new and effective antimicrobial agents, particularly, from medicinal plants, against bacterial infections. Antimicrobial activity of Gymnosperma glutinosum against Helicobacter pylori has not yet been reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS The antibacterial in vitro effect of Gymnosperma glutinosum methanol leaf extracts against Helicobacter pylori (ATCC 43504) was evaluated in liquid medium by the colorimetric 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay and in solid medium by the colony forming units (CFU) method. RESULTS Methanol extracts significantly (p<0.05) inhibited in vitro H. pylori growth in liquid medium from 24% to 82% at concentrations ranging from 31.25 mg/ml to 500 mg/ml, respectively, and in solid medium the extracts caused significant (p<0.05) 52% and 100% bacterial growth inhibition at concentrations of 250 μg/mL and 500 μg/mL, respectively, as compared with untreated control. Methanol vehicle did not affect H. pylori growth. CONCLUSION The observed antibacterial effect of G. glutinosum extracts may be of benefit as an adjuvant treatment of diseases caused by H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Gomez-Flores
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología
| | - David Espinosa-Ramos
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología
| | | | | | - Patricia Tamez-Guerra
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología
| | - Reyes Tamez-Guerra
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología
| | - Cristina Rodriguez-Padilla
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología
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Bioassay-guided isolation and identification of cytotoxic compounds from Gymnosperma glutinosum leaves. Molecules 2012; 17:11229-41. [PMID: 22996346 PMCID: PMC6268992 DOI: 10.3390/molecules170911229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Revised: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioassay-guided fractionation of hexane extracts of Gymnosperma glutinosum (Asteraceae) leaves, collected in North Mexico, afforded the known compounds hentriacontane (1) and (+)-13S,14R,15-trihydroxy-ent-labd-7-ene (2), as well as the new ent-labdane diterpene (−)-13S,14R,15-trihydroxy-7-oxo-ent-labd-8(9)-ene (3). In addition, D-glycero-D-galactoheptitol (4) was isolated from the methanolic extract of this plant. Their structures were established on the basis of high-field 1D- and 2D NMR methods supported by HR-MS data. The cytotoxic activity was determined by using the in vitro L5178Y-R lymphoma murine model. Hentriacontane (1) and the new ent-labdane 3 showed weak cytotoxicity, whereas the ent-labdane 2 showed significant (p < 0.05) and concentration dependent cytotoxicity (up to 78%) against L5178Y-R cells at concentrations ranging from 7.8 to 250 µg/mL.
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Gomez-Flores R, Quintanilla-Licea R, Verde-Star MJ, Morado-Castillo R, Vázquez-Díaz D, Tamez-Guerra R, Tamez-Guerra P, Rodríguez-Padilla C. Long-chain Alkanes andent-Labdane-type Diterpenes fromGymnosperma glutinosumwith Cytotoxic Activity Against the Murine Lymphoma L5178Y-R. Phytother Res 2012; 26:1632-6. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2010] [Revised: 12/24/2011] [Accepted: 01/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Gomez-Flores
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León; Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas; Av. Pedro de Alba S/N, Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza; Nuevo León; México; 66451
| | - R. Quintanilla-Licea
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León; Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas; Av. Pedro de Alba S/N, Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza; Nuevo León; México; 66451
| | - M. J. Verde-Star
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León; Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas; Av. Pedro de Alba S/N, Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza; Nuevo León; México; 66451
| | - R. Morado-Castillo
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León; Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas; Av. Pedro de Alba S/N, Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza; Nuevo León; México; 66451
| | - D. Vázquez-Díaz
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León; Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas; Av. Pedro de Alba S/N, Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza; Nuevo León; México; 66451
| | - R. Tamez-Guerra
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León; Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas; Av. Pedro de Alba S/N, Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza; Nuevo León; México; 66451
| | - P. Tamez-Guerra
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León; Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas; Av. Pedro de Alba S/N, Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza; Nuevo León; México; 66451
| | - C. Rodríguez-Padilla
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León; Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas; Av. Pedro de Alba S/N, Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza; Nuevo León; México; 66451
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Lee S, Ra J, Song JY, Gwak C, Kwon HJ, Yim SV, Hong SP, Kim J, Lee KH, Cho JJ, Park YS, Park CS, Ahn HJ. Extracts from Citrus unshiu promote immune-mediated inhibition of tumor growth in a murine renal cell carcinoma model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 133:973-979. [PMID: 20637275 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2010] [Revised: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 07/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THIS STUDY Citrus unshiu (Satsuma mandarin, SM) is a citrus fruit the peel of which has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine to treat common cold, relieve exhaustion, and cancer. In this study, we examined how effectively the content and peel extracts of SM can suppress cancer growth. The mechanism underlying cancer-suppressing properties of SM was investigated in tumor-bearing mice with renal carcinoma cell, Renca. MATERIALS AND METHODS Effectiveness of SM in tumor suppression was evaluated by measuring size of tumor mass in tumor-bearing mice treated with various doses of SM content and peel extracts. Proliferation of tumor cells and splenocytes was determined by MTT assay and [³H]TdR uptake, respectively. Relevant immunological mechanisms were chased by assaying cytokines including TGF-β, IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α by ELISA. RESULTS The content and peel extracts of SM inhibited the growth of tumor cells in tumor-bearing mice. Especially, average tumor volume of two groups treated with 3 and 30 mg peel extracts per mouse weight (kg) were significantly decreased to 52.32% (p<0.05) and 68.72% (p<0.01), respectively. To identify tumor regression mechanism, anti-tumor cytokines measured in Con A-activated splenocytes from tumor-bearing mice. IFN-γ was increased in both of the peel extract-treated groups, while TNF-α, which had been decreased by tumor growth, was rescued to the normal level in SM content and peel extracts-treated groups. However, SM content and peel extracts did not inhibit proliferation and tumor-proliferative cytokines including TGF-β and IL-6 production of tumor cells. CONCLUSION These results indicate that SM content and peel extracts have anti-tumor properties in the tumor-bearing murine model. The mechanism underlying the anti-tumor effects of SM extracts is strongly suggested to be via boosting cytokines such as IFN-γ and TNF-α, enhancing immune-mediated anti-tumor properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanggon Lee
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Alonso-Castro AJ, Villarreal ML, Salazar-Olivo LA, Gomez-Sanchez M, Dominguez F, Garcia-Carranca A. Mexican medicinal plants used for cancer treatment: pharmacological, phytochemical and ethnobotanical studies. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 133:945-72. [PMID: 21146599 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2010] [Revised: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY This review provides a summary of Mexican medicinal flora in terms of ethnobotanical, pharmacology, and chemistry of natural products related to anticancer activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bibliographic investigation was carried out by analyzing recognized books and peer-reviewed papers, consulting worldwide accepted scientific databases from the last five decades. Mexican plants with attributed anti-cancer properties were classified into six groups: (a) plant extracts that have been evaluated for cytotoxic effects, (b) plant extracts that have documented anti-tumoral effects, (c) plants with active compounds tested on cancer cell lines, (d) plants with novel active compounds found only in Mexican species, (e) plants with active compounds that have been assayed on animal models and (f) plants with anti-cancer ethnopharmacological references but without scientific studies. RESULTS Three hundred plant species belonging to 90 botanical families used for cancer treatment have been recorded, of which only 181 have been experimentally analyzed. The remaining 119 plant species are in use in empirical treatment of diseases consistent with cancer symptomatology. Only 88 of the plant extracts experimentally studied in in vitro cellular models have demonstrated active cytotoxic effects in at least one cancer cell line, and 14 out of the 88 have also been tested in vivo with the results that one of them demonstrated anti-neoplasic effects. A total of 187 compounds, belonging to 19 types of plant secondary metabolites, have been isolated from 51 plant extracts with active cytotoxic effects, but only 77 of these compounds (41%) have demonstrated cytoxicity. Seventeen of these active principles have not been reported in other plant species. However, only 5 compounds have been evaluated in vivo, and 3 of them could be considered as active. CONCLUSION Clearly, this review indicates that it is time to increase the number of experimental studies and to begin to conduct clinical trials with those Mexican plants and its active compounds selected by in vitro and in vivo activities. Also, the mechanisms of action by which plant extracts and their active compounds exert anti-cancer effects remain to be studied.
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