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Hovey JL, Dittrich TM, Allen MJ. Coordination Chemistry of Surface-Associated Ligands for Solid–Liquid Adsorption of Rare-Earth Elements. J RARE EARTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2022.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Elgoud EMA, Ismail ZH, El-Nadi YA, Abdelwahab SM, Aly HF. Solid–Liquid Extraction of Rare Earth Elements Ce(IV), Pr(III), Er(III), and Y(III) from Concentrated Phosphoric Acid Solutions Using Strongly Acidic Cation Exchange Resin (SQS–6). RUSS J APPL CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070427222040176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Leaching Kinetics of Rare Earth Elements in Phosphoric Acid from Phosphate Rock. METALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/met11020239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Phosphate rock has been considered as one of the most significant secondary rare-earth resource, and the utilization of rare earth elements (REEs) in phosphate rock has attracted increasing attention. In this study, the leaching kinetics of REEs from a phosphate ore from China was studied with the variation of temperature and phosphoric acid concentration under the conditions: ratio of liquid to solid of 12 mL/g, stirring speed of 120 r/min, and phosphate particle size of −0.074 mm amounts 61.1%. The results suggest that there were two distinct stages in leaching process and kinetics of both stages followed shrinking core model. At fast reaction stage, the semi-empirical equation describing the kinetics was 1 − 3(1 − α)2/3 + 2(1 − α) = 1.885CH3PO40.89exp(−11220/8.31T)t. The semi-empirical equation for slow reaction stage was 1 − 3(1 − α)2/3 + 2(1 − α) = 0.299CH3PO42.50exp(−18720/8.31T)t. Using shrinking core model and time-to-a-given-fraction method, we found that leaching rate of fast reaction stage was controlled by solid product layer diffusion, and both solid product layer diffusion and chemical reaction determined slow reaction stage.
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Soukeur A, Szymczyk A, Berbar Y, Amara M. Extraction of rare earth elements from waste products of phosphate industry. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Abu Elgoud EM, Ismail ZH, Ahmad MI, El-Nadi YA, Abdelwahab SM, Aly HF. Sorption of Lanthanum(III) and Neodymium(III) from Concentrated Phosphoric Acid by Strongly Acidic Cation Exchange Resin (SQS-6). RUSS J APPL CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070427219110156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Wu S, Zhao L, Wang L, Huang X, Zhang Y, Feng Z, Cui D. Simultaneous recovery of rare earth elements and phosphorus from phosphate rock by phosphoric acid leaching and selective precipitation: Towards green process. J RARE EARTH 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2018.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Li D. Development course of separating rare earths with acid phosphorus extractants: A critical review. J RARE EARTH 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ravi S, Puthiaraj P, Yu K, Ahn WS. Porous Covalent Organic Polymers Comprising a Phosphite Skeleton for Aqueous Nd(III) Capture. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:11488-11497. [PMID: 30843384 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In order to meet the ever-increasing industrial demand for rare-earth elements (REEs), it is desirable to separate and recycle them at low concentrations from various sources including industrial and urban wastes. Here, we introduced phosphorus binding sites on the hydrophobic surface of a robust and high-surface area porous polymer backbone for environmentally benign and selective recovery of REEs via adsorption. For this purpose, two porous covalent organic polymer (COP) materials incorporated with in-built phosphite functionality (P-COP-1 and P-COP-2) were synthesized and applied for the adsorptive separation of Nd(III) ions from aqueous solution. A strategy to develop a series of P-COPs via a simple Friedel-Crafts reaction was introduced, and their application to the selective adsorption of REEs was explored for the first time. The newly synthesized P-COPs were amorphous and/or weakly crystalline and showed excellent chemical stability and large specific surface area with sufficient mesoporosity for enhanced diffusion of REE ions. P-COP-1 exhibited an exceptionally high Nd(III) adsorption capacity of 321.0 mg/g, corresponding to the stoichiometric ratio of P/Nd(III) = 1:0.7 and high selectivity of >86% over other competing transition and alkaline earth metal ions, whereas P-COP-2 gave a Nd(III) adsorption capacity of 175.6 mg/g at 25 °C and pH 5. Moreover, P-COP-1 showed a distribution coefficient value of 5.45 × 105 mL/g, which is superior to other benchmark adsorbent materials reported so far. Finally, the P-COPs were reusable for a minimum of 10 cycles without deterioration in adsorption capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seenu Ravi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Inha University , Incheon 22212 , Republic of Korea
| | - Pillaiyar Puthiaraj
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Inha University , Incheon 22212 , Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangsun Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Inha University , Incheon 22212 , Republic of Korea
| | - Wha-Seung Ahn
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Inha University , Incheon 22212 , Republic of Korea
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Selective Extraction of Rare Earth Elements from Phosphoric Acid by Ion Exchange Resins. METALS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/met8090682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rare earth elements (REE) are present at low concentrations (hundreds of ppm) in phosphoric acid solutions produced by the leaching of phosphate ores by sulfuric acid. The strongly acidic and complexing nature of this medium, as well as the presence of metallic impurities (including iron and uranium), require the development of a particularly cost effective process for the selective recovery of REE. Compared to the classical but costly solvent extraction, liquid-solid extraction using commercial chelating ion exchange resins could be an interesting alternative. Among the different resins tested in this paper (Tulsion CH-93, Purolite S940, Amberlite IRC-747, Lewatit TP-260, Lewatit VP OC 1026, Monophos, Diphonix,) the aminophosphonic IRC-747, and aminomethylphosphonic TP-260 are the most promising. Both of them present similar performances in terms of maximum sorption capacity estimated to be 1.8 meq/g dry resin and in adsorption kinetics, which appears to be best explained by a moving boundary model controlled by particle diffusion.
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Kumari A, Jha MK, Pathak DD, Chakravarty S, Lee JC. Processes developed for the separation of europium (Eu) from various resources. SEPARATION & PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2018.1454959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Archana Kumari
- Metal Extraction and Recycling Division, CSIR-National Metallurgical Laboratory, Jamshedpur, India
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, India
| | - Manis Kumar Jha
- Metal Extraction and Recycling Division, CSIR-National Metallurgical Laboratory, Jamshedpur, India
| | - Devendra Deo Pathak
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, India
| | - Sanchita Chakravarty
- Metal Extraction and Recycling Division, CSIR-National Metallurgical Laboratory, Jamshedpur, India
| | - Jae-chun Lee
- Mineral Resources Research Department, Korea Institute of Geosciences and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), Daejeon, South Korea
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Wang J, Xie M, Ma J, Wang H, Xu S. Extractant (2,3-dimethylbutyl)(2,4,4′-trimethylpentyl)phosphinic acid (INET-3) impregnated onto XAD-16 and its extraction and separation performance for heavy rare earths from chloride media. J RARE EARTH 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Sadri F, Nazari AM, Ghahreman A. A review on the cracking, baking and leaching processes of rare earth element concentrates. J RARE EARTH 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1002-0721(17)60971-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Reddy BR, Kumar JR. Rare Earths Extraction, Separation, and Recovery from Phosphoric Acid Media. SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND ION EXCHANGE 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/07366299.2016.1169144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Radhika S, Nagaraju V, Nagaphani Kumar B, Kantam ML, Reddy BR. Solid-liquid extraction of Gd(III) and separation possibilities of rare earths from phosphoric acid solutions using Tulsion CH-93 and Tulsion CH-90 resins. J RARE EARTH 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1002-0721(12)60219-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Surampally R, Batchu NK, Mannepalli LK, Bontha RR. Studies on solvent extraction of Dy(III) and separation possibilities of rare earths using PC-88A from phosphoric acid solutions. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2012.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Liquid–liquid extraction and separation possibilities of heavy and light rare-earths from phosphoric acid solutions with acidic organophosphorus reagents. Sep Purif Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2010.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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