Construct Validity and Factor Structure of the Persian Occupational Self-Assessment (OSA) With Iranian Students

Cross-Cultural Adaptation, Reliability, and Convergent Validity of Occupational Self-Assessment for Brazilian Portuguese

The Occupational Self-Assessment version 2.2 (OSA) is a self-assessment of the client's occupational competence and values. To describe the process of cross-cultural adaptation of OSA into Brazilian Portuguese (OSA-Brazil) and examine its reliability and validity for use with the Brazilian population. Assessment translation was guided by two international guidelines for cross-cultural adaptation of standardized instruments. Face validity was tested with 24 participants. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and convergent validity were tested with a convenience sample of 40 participants. The cross-cultural adaptation process concluded with a consensus among the expert panel review (r > 80%) and evidence of strong face validity. The OSA-Brazil demonstrated appropriate test-retest reliability (r > 0.70) and convergent validity with the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) (p < .05). The OSA-Brazil has good face validity, test-retest reliability, and convergent validity. The assessment can be used by the Brazilian occupational therapists to assess client's occupational competence.

Factor structure of Participation Behavioural Questionnaire (PBQ) in patients with hand injuries

BACKGROUND

Participation is considered a critical outcome of successful rehabilitation and should be evaluated.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to evaluate the structural validity of the Participation Behaviour Questionnaire (PBQ) in people with hand injuries.

METHODOLOGY

The PBQ contains 30 items that measure participation as conceptualized in the ICF. PBQ was developed with Rasch analysis to measure participation in hand injured. A sample of 404 patients with hand injuries and a mean age of 37 (16.0) participated and was randomly split for exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (EFA/CFA).

RESULTS

Both EFA and CFA confirmed a four factor-solution. These factors were named: Social Participation and Interpersonal Relationships, Autonomy and Role, Subjective Satisfaction with Participation, Recreational, Sport, and Leisure Time. The value of Cronbach's alpha was 0.96 for the total scale and >0.85 for each subscale.

CONCLUSIONS

The structural validity of the PBQ was confirmed using both EFA and CFA. The PBQ measures four dimensions of participation.

Psychometric testing of the Icelandic Occupational Self-Assessment (OSA-IS)

BACKGROUND

The Occupational Self-Assessment (OSA) is a self-report measure of occupational competence and values used to identify goals and assess outcomes. The Icelandic version of the OSA (OSA-IS) has been through several developmental stages to evaluate its psychometric properties. Through each stage, revisions have been made.

AIM

To investigate the psychometric properties of the fourth revised version of OSA-IS.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Retrospective data from 291 rehabilitation clients with a range of conditions were analysed using Rasch analysis of unidimensionality and descriptive statistics. All statistics were compared to established criteria.

RESULTS

Analyses suggest the OSA-IS items define unidimensional constructs of occupational competence and values. Most (89%) participants completed the assessment in a reliable manner and no association was observed between demographic variables and fit status. Differences in the item hierarchies were observed between the original OSA and the OSA-IS, suggesting that Icelandic clients responded differently due to cultural, linguistic and/or sample differences.

CONCLUSION AND SIGNIFICANCE

OSA-IS is a psychometrically sound instrument that may be used to support identification of client-centred goals and for intervention development. Clinicians should use score tables specifically developed for the OSA-IS to measure outcomes.

Defining Occupational Competence and Occupational Identity in the Context of Recovery in Schizophrenia

IMPORTANCE

The Occupational Self Assessment (OSA) measures two constructs from the Model of Human Occupation: occupational competence and occupational identity. In the field of mental health, the recovery movement has sparked discussions about what constitutes personal, clinical, and functional recovery. However, how occupation-based terminologies are related to the recovery framework is unclear.

OBJECTIVE

To elucidate how domains of recovery and psychological constructs are related to the OSA's constructs of occupational competence and occupational identity in order to inform occupational therapy practice in the recovery arena.

DESIGN

Cross-sectional study.

SETTING

Outpatient mental health unit.

PARTICIPANTS

Sixty-six community-dwelling adults with schizophrenia recruited through convenience sampling.

OUTCOMES AND MEASURES

Participants completed the OSA and clinical, functional, and personal recovery assessments. They also completed five scales that measured psychological constructs of recovery such as hope, resilience, empowerment, internalized stigma, and subjective well-being. Participants also identified up to four OSA items that were priorities for change. Tests of association and multiple regression analyses were conducted to identify predictors of occupational competence and occupational identity.

RESULTS

Personal recovery predicted occupational competence, whereas depressive symptoms and hope predicted occupational identity. Functional and clinical recovery did not predict occupational competence. The top three OSA priorities for change were performance items: "managing my finances," "concentrating on my tasks," and "taking care of myself."

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE

Occupational therapy interventions should not be limited to functional improvement. Instead, they should account for clients' affective states and seek to instill recovery-oriented psychological states such as hope and efficacy.

WHAT THIS ARTICLE ADDS

Occupational competence is achieved by enhancing personal states of self-efficacy in fulfilling valued occupations rather than through functional improvement. The top three occupations prioritized for change were performance tasks that were observable by service users and immediate caregivers. Empowering clients to partake in these everyday performance tasks such as finance management, concentrating on tasks, and self-care may pave the way to enhancing occupational competence and identity.

Validity of the Turkish Occupational Self Assessment for Elderly Individuals

Occupational therapy practices in Turkey are increasing each year, but rehabilitation practitioners working in the occupational therapy field have limited instruments. The aim of this study was to analyze the validity of the Turkish version of the Occupational Self Assessment (OSA), which is based on the Model of Human Occupation. The data were analyzed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to determine construct validity. The Turkish OSA was administered with the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Old (WHOQOL-OLD) and the Functional Autonomy Measurement System (SMAF) to 117 elderly individuals to determine convergent validity. The Turkish OSA has acceptable construct validity scores (exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses). SMAF and WHOQOL-OLD Scales showed a moderately significant relationship with OSA competence total scores ( p < .01). The results indicate that the OSA is a valid instrument for determining occupational competence and values in elderly Turkish individuals.

Child-Report Measures of Occupational Performance: A Systematic Review

Introduction

Improving occupational performance is a key service of occupational therapists and client-centred approach to care is central to clinical practice. As such it is important to comprehensively evaluate the quality of psychometric properties reported across measures of occupational performance; in order to guide assessment and treatment planning.

Objective

To systematically review the literature on the psychometric properties of child-report measures of occupational performance for children ages 2–18 years.

Methods

A systematic search of the following six electronic databases was conducted: CINAHL; PsycINFO; EMBASE; PubMed; the Health and Psychosocial Instruments (HAPI) database; and Google Scholar. The quality of the studies was evaluated against the COSMIN taxonomy of measurement properties and the overall quality of psychometric properties was evaluated using pre-set psychometric criteria.

Results

Fifteen articles and one manual were reviewed to assess the psychometric properties of the six measures–the PEGS, MMD, CAPE, PAC, COSA, and OSA- which met the inclusion criteria. Most of the measures had conducted good quality studies to evaluate the psychometric properties of measures (PEGS, CAPE, PAC, OSA); however, the quality of the studies for two of these measures was relatively weak (MMD, COSA). When integrating the quality of the psychometric properties of the measures with the quality of the studies, the PAC stood out as having superior psychometric qualities.

Conclusions

The overall quality of the psychometric properties of most measures was limited. There is a need for continuing research into the psychometric properties of child-report measures of occupational performance, and to revise and improve the psychometric properties of existing measures.

Reliability and Validation Properties of the Malaysian Language Version of the Occupational Self Assessment Version 2.2 for Injured Workers with Musculoskeletal Disorders

Introduction:

It has been difficult for occupational therapists in Asia to use occupational therapy assessments, such as the Occupational Self Assessment (OSA) version 2.2, that are not validated in the local language. This study aimed to produce and assess the psychometric properties of a Malaysian version of the 21-item OSA.

Method:

The translation process involved the forward and back translation from the original English version into the Malaysian version, followed by field tests conducted with a small group of occupational therapists and workers to confirm the translation's equivalence and appropriateness. A total of 35 Malaysian injured workers with musculoskeletal disorders who were not involved in a return to work programme were assessed using the Malaysian version of the OSA. Twenty-three were reassessed 7–14 days later to determine test-retest reliability.

Results:

The Malaysian version of the OSA showed acceptable reliability (internal consistency, corrected item correlation and test-retest reliability) and validity (convergent and discriminant validity).

Conclusion:

The results suggest that the OSA is reliable and valid in assessing occupational functioning for injured Asian workers with musculoskeletal disorders.

Psychometric Study of the Occupational Self Assessment with Adolescents After Infectious Mononucleosis

This study examined the psychometric characteristics of the Occupational Self Assessment (OSA) which measures clients' perceptions of their own competence and the value they assign to occupations. Two hundred and ninety-six adolescents with acute mononucleosis completed the OSA along with the Fatigue Scale, the Checklist of Infectious Symptoms, the Child Health Questionnaire, and the Perceived Stress Scale. Results indicated that OSA items coalesced to capture the intended constructs that the rating scales functioned as intended and that over 90% of adolescents were validly measured. The OSA showed adequate sensitivity and was stable over time. As expected, the OSA measures of competence were moderately associated with infectious symptoms, fatigue severity, health status, and stress while the measure of values was not and both measures were not associated with age, gender, or ethnicity. Finally, as expected, adolescents who had not recovered from mononucleosis after 12 months showed lower measures on the competence scale while still attaching the same value/importance to occupational participation when compared to recovered adolescents.

Examining the Validity of the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool: Using Classical Test Theory and Item Response Theory

Introduction:

This study examined the psychometric properties of the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool, using both item response theory and classical test theory.

Method:

One hundred and one people with mental health problems, aged 18–65 years, were recruited. The Chinese version of the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool, the National Taiwan University Hospital Symptom Checklist, the Volitional Questionnaire, the Assessment of Communication and Interaction Skills, and the Mini Mental State Examination were administered. Rasch analysis and correlational analysis were used to examine the construct, convergent, divergent validity and known group validity.

Results:

Rasch analysis confirmed that there were six subscales within the Chinese version of Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool. The Volitional Questionnaire strongly correlated with the volition subscale (r = 0.583). The Assessment of Communication and Interaction Skills strongly correlated with the communication and interaction subscale (r = 0.815). The Mini Mental State Examination was moderately correlated with the process subscale (ρ = 0.334) and the symptomatology was not associated with any of the subscales as expected. There were significant differences on selected subscale scores across four known groups of participants.

Conclusion:

The Chinese version of the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool was valid when applied to people with mental health problems.

A Psychometric Study of the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (Mohost)

Objective

This study examined the psychometric properties of the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (MOHOST) using item response theory and classical test theory approaches for clients with psychiatric disorders.

Methods

Data, including demographic variables and scores on the MOHOST and a version of the Health of the Nation Outcomes Scale, were retrieved from case records of 1039 adult psychiatric service users.

Results

Participants ranged in age from 18 to 102 and 57% were female and 43% were male. Most (94%) were unemployed, retired, or receiving other education or training. The items that make up each of the MOHOST subscales demonstrated good discriminant validity and excellent goodness of fit showing that the items measured the MOHO constructs unidimensionally. All subscales were able to distinguish clients into at least three statistically distinct strata and showed convergence with an independent measure of functioning.

Conclusion

Findings from this study must take into account implicit limitations associated with the use of Rasch analysis and classical test theory. At the same time, results did support use of the MOHOST for research and clinical purposes. The MOHOST demonstrated good construct validity, item separation reliability, and concurrent validity. As a measure of occupational participation, the MOHOST offers practitioners and researchers a valid and reliable measure of volition, habituation, communication/interaction skills, process skills, motor skills, and environmental influences on participation.