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Context-dependent activation of p53 target genes and induction of apoptosis by actinomycin D in aerodigestive tract cancers. Apoptosis 2022; 27:342-353. [PMID: 35267106 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-022-01720-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Actinomycin D (ActD) was the first anticancer antibiotic approved for the management of human cancers. However, the notorious toxicity profile limits its widespread application in cancers, including cancers of the aerodigestive tract. Recent studies show that combining low-dose ActD with existing chemotherapies could potentially protect normal cells from the toxicity of chemotherapy drugs through p53 activation (cyclotherapy). An understanding of ActD's effect on p53 signaling is critical for the meaningful application of ActD in cyclotherapy-based combinations. This study evaluated the anti-tumor efficacy and mechanism of action of ActD in aerodigestive tract cancers. We found that ActD strongly inhibited the growth of a panel of aerodigestive tract cancer cell lines and induced efficient apoptosis, although the sensitivity varies among cell lines. The IC50 values of ActD spanned between 0.021 and 2.96 nM. Mechanistic studies revealed that ActD increased the expression of total and phosphorylated p53 (ser15) in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Moreover, ActD-induced apoptosis is dependent on p53 in cells expressing wild-type p53 and that ActD induced context-dependent differential expression of downstream targets p21 and PUMA without significant effects on p27. In the final analysis, this study revealed that p53-p21 is the predominant pathway activated by low-dose ActD, supporting further development of ActD in cyclotherapy.
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Wei Z, Xu C, Wang J, Lu F, Bie X, Lu Z. Identification and characterization of Streptomyces flavogriseus NJ-4 as a novel producer of actinomycin D and holomycin. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3601. [PMID: 28740758 PMCID: PMC5520960 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper is the first public report that Streptomyces flavogriseus can produce both actinomycin D and holomycin. The actinomycete strain NJ-4 isolated from the soil of Nanjing Agricultural University was identified as S. flavogriseus. This S. flavogriseus strain was found for the first time to produce two antimicrobial compounds that were identified as actinomycin D and holomycin. GS medium, CS medium and GSS medium were used for the production experiments. All three media supported the production of actinomycin D, while holomycin was detected only in GS medium and was undetectable by HPLC in the CS and GSS media. The antimicrobial activity against B. pumilus, S. aureus, Escherichia coli, F. moniliforme, F. graminearum and A. niger was tested using the agar well diffusion method. Actinomycin D exhibited strong antagonistic activities against all the indicator strains. Holomycin exhibited strong antagonistic activities against B. pumilus, S. aureus and E. coli and had antifungal activity against F. moniliforme and F. graminearum but had no antifungal activity against A. niger. The cell viability was determined using an MTT assay. Holomycin exhibited cytotoxic activity against A549 lung cancer cells, BGC823 gastric cancer cells and HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The yield of actinomycin D from S. flavogriseus NJ-4 was 960 mg/l. S. flavogriseus NJ-4 exhibits a distinct capability and has the industrial potential to produce considerable yields of actinomycin D under unoptimized conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Wei
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fengxia Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaomei Bie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaoxin Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Lohani N, Singh HN, Rajeswari MR. Assessment of binding properties of Actinomycin-D to 21nt DNA segment of hmgb1 gene promoter using spectroscopic and calorimetric techniques. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2016; 36:504-511. [PMID: 28033959 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2016.1278037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neelam Lohani
- a Department of Biochemistry , All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi , India
| | - Himanshu Narayan Singh
- a Department of Biochemistry , All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi , India
| | - Moganty R Rajeswari
- a Department of Biochemistry , All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi , India
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Structural aspects of the interaction of anticancer drug Actinomycin-D to the GC rich region of hmgb1 gene. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 87:433-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Lohani N, Rajeswari MR. Preferential binding of anticancer drugs to triplex DNA compared to duplex DNA: a spectroscopic and calorimetric study. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra03514k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Binding study of adriamycin and actinomycin to triplex DNA formed on the promoter region of hmgb1 gene using spectroscopic and calorimetric technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelam Lohani
- Department of Biochemistry
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi
- India
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Akhter MZ, Luthra K, Rajeswari MR. Molecular aspects on adriamycin interaction with hmga1 regulatory region and its inhibitory effect on HMGA1 expression in human cervical cancer. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2015; 34:877-91. [PMID: 26084422 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2015.1057617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
High mobility group A1 (HMGA1), a non-histone chromosomal protein, is highly expressed in a wide range of human cancers including cervical, breast, and prostate cancers. Therefore, hmga1 gene is considered as an attractive potential target for anticancer drugs. We have chosen 27 bp DNA sequence from a regulatory region of hmga1 promoter and studied its interaction with adriamycin (ADM) and in vitro expression of HMGA1 in the presence of ADM in HeLa cell line. A variety of biophysical techniques were employed to understand the characteristics of [DNA-ADM] complex. Spectrophotometric titration data, DNA denaturation profiles, and quenching of fluorescence of ADM in the presence of DNA demonstrated a strong complexation between DNA and ADM with a high binding affinity (Ka) of 1.3 × 10(6) M(-1) and a stoichiometry of 1:3 (drug:nucleotide). The energetics of binding obtained from isothermal titration calorimetry and differential scanning calorimetry suggest the binding to be exothermic and enthalpy (∆H, -6.7 ± 2.4 kcal M(-1)) and entropy (TΔS, 18.5 ± 6.4 kcal M(-1)) driven (20°C), which is typical of intercalative mode of binding. Further, results on decreased expression (by ~70%) of HMGA1 both at mRNA and protein levels in association with the observed cell death (by ~75%) in HeLa cell line, clearly confirm that ADM does target hmga1; however, the effect of ADM on genes other than hmga1 either directly or via hmga1-mediated pathways cannot be ruled out in the observed cytotoxicity. Therefore, hmga1 in general and particularly the regulatory region is a promising target for therapeutic strategy in combating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Zahid Akhter
- a Department of Biochemistry , All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi 110029 , India
| | - Kalpana Luthra
- a Department of Biochemistry , All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi 110029 , India
| | - Moganty R Rajeswari
- a Department of Biochemistry , All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi 110029 , India
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Akhter MZ, Rajeswari MR. Interaction of doxorubicin with a regulatory element of hmga1 and its in vitro anti-cancer activity associated with decreased HMGA1 expression. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2014; 141:36-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Mansouri-Torshizi H, Saeidifar M, Divsalar A, Saboury AA. Study on interaction of DNA from calf thymus with 1,10-phenanthrolinehexyldithiocarbamatopalladium(II) nitrate as potential antitumor agent. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2011; 28:805-14. [PMID: 21294591 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2011.10508608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel palladium(II) complex has been synthesized with hexyldithiocarbamate (Hex-dtc) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) by the reaction of [Pd(phen)(H(2)O)(2)](NO(3))(2) with sodium salt of hexyldithiocarbamate and a complex of type [Pd(Hex-dtc) (phen)]NO(3) has been obtained. The complex has been characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, (1)H NMR, IR and electronic spectroscopic studies. The dithiocarbamate ligand acts in bidentate fashion. This water-soluble complex was screened against chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line, K562, for cytotoxic effects and showed significant antitumor activity much lower than that of cisplatin. The interaction of this complex with calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) was extensively investigated by a variety of spectroscopic techniques. Absorbance titration experiments imply the interaction of 4 Pd(II) complex molecules per 1000 nucleotides on DNA with positive cooperativity in the binding process and the complex denature the DNA at very low concentration (~14.3 µM). Fluorescence titration spectra and fluorescence Scatchard plots suggest that the Pd(II) complex intercalate in DNA. The gel chromatograms obtained from Sephadex G-25 column experiments showed that the binding of metal complex with DNA is so strong that it does not readily break. Furthermore, some thermodynamic and binding parameters found in the process of UV-Visible studies are described. They may provide specificity of the compound with ctDNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mansouri-Torshizi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.
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Singhal G, Akhter MZ, Stern DF, Gupta SD, Ahuja A, Sharma U, Jagannathan NR, Rajeswari MR. DNA triplex-mediated inhibition of MET leads to cell death and tumor regression in hepatoma. Cancer Gene Ther 2011; 18:520-30. [PMID: 21660063 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2011.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal epithelial transition factor (MET) is one of the critical cell signaling molecules whose aberrant expression is reported in several human cancers. The aim of the study is to investigate the antigene and antiproliferative effect of short triplex forming oligonucleotides, TFO-1 (part of the positive regulatory element) and TFO-2 (away from the transcription start site) on MET expression. HepG2 cells transfected only with TFO-1 (but not with TFO-2 and non-specific TFO) significantly decreased MET levels, which is accompanied by decrease in antiapoptotic proteins and increase in pro-apoptotic proteins. Phosphoproteome-array analysis of 46 intracellular kinases revealed hypophosphorylation of about 15 kinases including ERK, AKT, Src and MEK, suggesting the growth inhibitory effect of TFO-1. Further, the efficacy of TFO-1 was tested on diethylnitrosamine-induced liver tumors in wistar rats. T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging showed decrease in liver tumor volume up to 90% after treatment with TFO-1. Decreased MET expression and elevated apoptotic activity further indicate that TFO-1 targeted to c-met leads to cell death and tumor regression in hepatoma. Formation of stable DNA triplex between TFO-1 and targeted gene sequence was confirmed by circular dichroic spectroscopy and gel retardation assay. Therefore, it can be concluded that DNA triplex-based therapeutic approaches hold promise in the treatment of malignancies associated with MET overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Singhal
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Zhang AG, Yang HX, Wang KZ. The Effects of Grafting of 2-Pyridyl to [Ru(bpy)2(Hpip)]2+on Acid-Base and DNA-Binding Properties: Experimental and DFT Studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2011; 28:955-68. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2011.10508621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Akhter MZ, Sharma A, Rajeswari MR. Interaction of adriamycin with a promoter region of hmga1 and its inhibitory effect on HMGA1 expression in A431 human squamous carcinoma cell line. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2011; 7:1336-46. [DOI: 10.1039/c0mb00247j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Dalyan Y, Vardanyan I, Chavushyan A, Balayan G. Peculiarities of Interaction of Porphyrins with tRNA at Low Ionic Strength. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2010; 28:123-31. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2010.10507348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Il'icheva IA, Vlasov PK, Esipova NG, Tumanyan VG. The Intramolecular Impact to the Sequence Specificity of B→A Transition: Low Energy Conformational Variations in AA/TT and GG/CC Steps. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2010; 27:677-693. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2010.10508581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Molecular Aspects of the Interaction of Hoechst-33258 with GC-Rich Promoter Region of c-met. DNA Cell Biol 2010; 29:91-100. [DOI: 10.1089/dna.2009.0949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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