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Miličević A, Šinko G. Use of connectivity index and simple topological parameters for estimating the inhibition potency of acetylcholinesterase. Saudi Pharm J 2022; 30:369-376. [PMID: 35527825 PMCID: PMC9068751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2022.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) has proven to be an effective drug target in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and dementia. We developed a novel QSAR regression model for estimating potency to inhibit AChE, pKi, on a set of 75 structurally different compounds including oximes, N-hydroxyiminoacetamides, 4-aminoquinolines and flavonoids. Although the model included only three simple descriptors, the valence molecular connectivity index of the zero-order, 0χv, the number of 10-membered rings (nR10) and the number of hydroxyl groups (nOH), it yielded excellent statistics (r = 0.937, S.E. = 0.51). The stability of the model was evaluated when an initial set of 75 compounds was broadened to 165 compounds in total, with the increase of the range of pKi (exp) from 6.0 to 10.2, yielding r = 0.882 and S.E. = 0.89. The predictive power of the model was evaluated by calculating pKi values for 55 randomly chosen compounds (S.E.test = 0.90) from the calibration model created on other 110 compounds (S.E. = 0.89), all taken from the pool of 165 compounds.
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2
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Bagri K, Kumar A, Manisha, Kumar P. Computational Studies on Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors: From Biochemistry to Chemistry. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 20:1403-1435. [PMID: 31884928 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666191224144346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are the most promising therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease treatment as these prevent the loss of acetylcholine and slows the progression of the disease. The drugs approved for the management of Alzheimer's disease by the FDA are acetylcholinesterase inhibitors but are associated with side effects. Consistent and stringent efforts by the researchers with the help of computational methods opened new ways of developing novel molecules with good acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. In this manuscript, we reviewed the studies that identified the essential structural features of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors at the molecular level as well as the techniques like molecular docking, molecular dynamics, quantitative structure-activity relationship, virtual screening, and pharmacophore modelling that were used in designing these inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Bagri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Manisha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Parvin Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
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3
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QSAR analysis of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of some tertiary amine derivatives of cinnamic acid. Struct Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-020-01683-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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4
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Miličević A, Šinko G. Development of a simple QSAR model for reliable evaluation of acetylcholinesterase inhibitor potency. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 160:105757. [PMID: 33588047 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
With the aging of the western population, more and more people are affected by the neurodegenerative Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) have proven to be effective in the treatment of disease symptoms. We report the QSAR regression model for the estimation of potency of a set of 94 structurally diverse compounds (oximes, N-hydroxyiminoacetamides, 4-aminoquinolines and flavonoids) to inhibit AChE, pKi (AChE). The model is based on three simple descriptors: the valence molecular connectivity index of the zero-order, 0χv, combined with the number of 10-membered rings (nR10) and number of hydroxyl groups in a molecule (nOH). QSAR model yielded r = 0.947, S.E. = 0.51 and S.E.cv= 0.53; the range of pKi (exp) = 6.03. It showed its stability when the set of 94 compounds was enlarged, comprising 184 compounds in total (r = 0.886, S.E. = 0.85 and S.E.cv = 0.88; the range of pKi (exp) = 10.21), resulting in regression parameters which were similar, although only for 0χv coefficients within the limits of S.E. (0.167(13) and 0.172(16) for the set with 94 and 184 compounds, respectively. The predictive power of the model was shown by the prediction of pKi values for 61 randomly chosen compounds (S.E.test = 0.86) from the calibration model made on the other 123 compounds (S.E. = 0.85), all taken from the pool of 184 compounds. QSAR descriptors 0χv, nR10 and nOH were well chosen for describing the interactions of the AChE active site (amino acid interaction) with ligands through the estimation of the inhibitory potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ante Miličević
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, HR-10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Goran Šinko
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, HR-10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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De Boer D, Nguyen N, Mao J, Moore J, Sorin EJ. A Comprehensive Review of Cholinesterase Modeling and Simulation. Biomolecules 2021; 11:580. [PMID: 33920972 PMCID: PMC8071298 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The present article reviews published efforts to study acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase structure and function using computer-based modeling and simulation techniques. Structures and models of both enzymes from various organisms, including rays, mice, and humans, are discussed to highlight key structural similarities in the active site gorges of the two enzymes, such as flexibility, binding site location, and function, as well as differences, such as gorge volume and binding site residue composition. Catalytic studies are also described, with an emphasis on the mechanism of acetylcholine hydrolysis by each enzyme and novel mutants that increase catalytic efficiency. The inhibitory activities of myriad compounds have been computationally assessed, primarily through Monte Carlo-based docking calculations and molecular dynamics simulations. Pharmaceutical compounds examined herein include FDA-approved therapeutics and their derivatives, as well as several other prescription drug derivatives. Cholinesterase interactions with both narcotics and organophosphate compounds are discussed, with the latter focusing primarily on molecular recognition studies of potential therapeutic value and on improving our understanding of the reactivation of cholinesterases that are bound to toxins. This review also explores the inhibitory properties of several other organic and biological moieties, as well as advancements in virtual screening methodologies with respect to these enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danna De Boer
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach, CA 90840, USA;
| | - Nguyet Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, California State University, Long Beach, CA 90840, USA; (N.N.); (J.M.)
| | - Jia Mao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, California State University, Long Beach, CA 90840, USA; (N.N.); (J.M.)
| | - Jessica Moore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, California State University, Long Beach, CA 90840, USA;
| | - Eric J. Sorin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach, CA 90840, USA;
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Huang CH, Zaenudin E, Tsai JJP, Kurubanjerdjit N, Dessie EY, Ng KL. Dissecting molecular network structures using a network subgraph approach. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9556. [PMID: 33005483 PMCID: PMC7512139 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological processes are based on molecular networks, which exhibit biological functions through interactions of genetic elements or proteins. This study presents a graph-based method to characterize molecular networks by decomposing the networks into directed multigraphs: network subgraphs. Spectral graph theory, reciprocity and complexity measures were used to quantify the network subgraphs. Graph energy, reciprocity and cyclomatic complexity can optimally specify network subgraphs with some degree of degeneracy. Seventy-one molecular networks were analyzed from three network types: cancer networks, signal transduction networks, and cellular processes. Molecular networks are built from a finite number of subgraph patterns and subgraphs with large graph energies are not present, which implies a graph energy cutoff. In addition, certain subgraph patterns are absent from the three network types. Thus, the Shannon entropy of the subgraph frequency distribution is not maximal. Furthermore, frequently-observed subgraphs are irreducible graphs. These novel findings warrant further investigation and may lead to important applications. Finally, we observed that cancer-related cellular processes are enriched with subgraph-associated driver genes. Our study provides a systematic approach for dissecting biological networks and supports the conclusion that there are organizational principles underlying molecular networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hung Huang
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Formosa University, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Efendi Zaenudin
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Informatics, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Jeffrey J P Tsai
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Eskezeia Y Dessie
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ka-Lok Ng
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Pathaw N, Gurung AB, Chrungoo NK, Bhattacharjee A, Roy SS, Ansari MA, Sharma SK. In silico molecular modelling, structural dynamics simulation and characterization of antifungal nature of β-glucosidase enzyme from Sechium edule. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:4501-4509. [PMID: 32666889 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1791956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
β-glucosidase is an enzyme that has ability to cleave β-glycosidic bonds present in oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates. They are known to be present across all domains of living organism and have important roles in many biological processes including plant defense mechanism. In the present study, a β-glucosidase enzyme identified from seeds of Sechium edule was characterized using various bioinformatics tools. A homology model (SeBG) was generated using a β-glucosidase crystal structure from Oryza sativa (PDB ID: 3PTK) as template. In silico structural binding studies on putative β-glucosidase protein revealed a stable and strong interaction indicative of higher GOLD fitness score with the substrates: p-nitrophenyl-β-d-glucopyranoside (pNPG), laminarin, chitotriose, N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid suggesting its possible role in broad spectrum antifungal and antimicrobial activity. Assessment of the in vitro enzyme activity with pNPG showed a Km and Vmax values of 2.7 mM and 22 µMmin-1mL-1mg-1, respectively. While, the in vitro enzyme activity with laminarin showed a Km and Vmax values of 0.31 mM and 0.043 µMmin-1mL-1mg-1. The broad spectrum activity of the protein shown in our result indicates SeBG as a promising biocontrol agent against phytopathogens.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeta Pathaw
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Lamphelpat, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Arun Bahadur Gurung
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India
| | - Nikhil Kumar Chrungoo
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India
| | - Atanu Bhattacharjee
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India
| | - Subhra Saikat Roy
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Lamphelpat, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Meraj Alam Ansari
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Lamphelpat, Imphal, Manipur, India
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8
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Gurung AB, Borah P, Bhattacharjee A. Data-mining technique identifies potential target proteins playing a dual role in inflammation and oxidative stress pathways in relation to atherosclerosis plaque development. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2019.100278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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9
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Wan Y, Guan S, Qian M, Huang H, Han F, Wang S, Zhang H. Structural basis of fullerene derivatives as novel potent inhibitors of protein acetylcholinesterase without catalytic active site interaction: insight into the inhibitory mechanism through molecular modeling studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 38:410-425. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1576543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Wan
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Guan
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Mengdan Qian
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Houhou Huang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Han
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Song Wang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
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Shiri F, Pirhadi S, Ghasemi JB. Dynamic structure based pharmacophore modeling of the Acetylcholinesterase reveals several potential inhibitors. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2018; 37:1800-1812. [PMID: 29695192 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2018.1468281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase is a critical enzyme that regulates neurotransmission by catalyzing the breakdown of neurotransmitter acetylcholine in synapses of the nervous system. It is an important target for therapeutic drugs that treat Alzheimer's disease. Since, the degree of flexibility of the side chains of the residues in the active-site gorge of Acetylcholinesterase is diverse it results in different bound ligand conformations. The side-chain conformations of Ser293, Tyr341, Leu76, and Val73 are flexible, while the side-chain conformations of Tyr72, Tyr 124, Ser125, Phe295, and Arg296 appear to be fixed. In this study, multi-conformation dynamic pharmacophore models from the donepezyl-binding pocket based on highly populated structures chosen from molecular dynamics simulations were used for screening compounds that can properly bind acetylcholinesterase. Based on these structures, three pharmacophore models were generated. Consequently, 14 hits were retrieved as final candidates by utilizing virtual screening of ZINC database and molecular docking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Shiri
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Zabol , Zabol , Iran
| | - Somayeh Pirhadi
- b Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
| | - Jahan B Ghasemi
- c School of Chemistry , University College of Science, University of Tehran , Tehran , Iran
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11
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Baruah P, Basumatary G, Yesylevskyy SO, Aguan K, Bez G, Mitra S. Novel coumarin derivatives as potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitors: insight into efficacy, mode and site of inhibition. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2018; 37:1750-1765. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2018.1465853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Prayasee Baruah
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry and Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, North-Eastern Hill University , Shillong, India
| | - Grace Basumatary
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry and Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, North-Eastern Hill University , Shillong, India
| | - Semen O. Yesylevskyy
- Department of Physics of Biological Systems, Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine , Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Kripamoy Aguan
- Department of Physics of Biological Systems, Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine , Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Ghanashyam Bez
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry and Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, North-Eastern Hill University , Shillong, India
| | - Sivaprasad Mitra
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry and Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, North-Eastern Hill University , Shillong, India
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12
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Karlov DS, Lavrov MI, Palyulin VA, Zefirov NS. MM-GBSA and MM-PBSA performance in activity evaluation of AMPA receptor positive allosteric modulators. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2017; 36:2508-2516. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2017.1360208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry S. Karlov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Build. 3, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991 Russian Federation
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Severny proezd, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region 142432, Russian Federation
| | - Mstislav I. Lavrov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Build. 3, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991 Russian Federation
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Severny proezd, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region 142432, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir A. Palyulin
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Build. 3, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991 Russian Federation
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Severny proezd, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region 142432, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay S. Zefirov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Build. 3, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991 Russian Federation
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Severny proezd, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region 142432, Russian Federation
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Piplani P, Sharma M, Mehta P, Malik R. N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzamide derivatives as potential memory enhancers: synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular simulation studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2017; 36:1867-1877. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2017.1336943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Piplani
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University , Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Manish Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar University , Sadopur, Ambala, Haryana, 134007, India
| | - Pakhuri Mehta
- Central University of Rajasthan , NH-8, Bandar Sindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Ruchi Malik
- Central University of Rajasthan , NH-8, Bandar Sindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
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Azam F, Alabdullah NH, Ehmedat HM, Abulifa AR, Taban I, Upadhyayula S. NSAIDs as potential treatment option for preventing amyloid β toxicity in Alzheimer's disease: an investigation by docking, molecular dynamics, and DFT studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2017; 36:2099-2117. [PMID: 28571516 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2017.1338164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Aggregation of amyloid beta (Aβ) protein considered as one of contributors in development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Several investigations have identified the importance of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as Aβ aggregation inhibitors. Here, we have examined the binding interactions of 24 NSAIDs belonging to eight different classes, with Aβ fibrils by exploiting docking and molecular dynamics studies. Minimum energy conformation of the docked NSAIDs were further optimized by density functional theory (DFT) employing Becke's three-parameter hybrid model, Lee-Yang-Parr (B3LYP) correlation functional method. DFT-based global reactivity descriptors, such as electron affinity, hardness, softness, chemical potential, electronegativity, and electrophilicity index were calculated to inspect the expediency of these descriptors for understanding the reactive nature and sites of the molecules. Few selected NSAID-Aβ fibrils complexes were subjected to molecular dynamics simulation to illustrate the stability of these complexes and the most prominent interactions during the simulated trajectory. All of the NSAIDs exhibited potential activity against Aβ fibrils in terms of predicted binding affinity. Sulindac was found to be the most active compound underscoring the contribution of indene methylene substitution, whereas acetaminophen was observed as least active NSAID. General structural requirements for interaction of NSAIDs with Aβ fibril include: aryl/heteroaryl aromatic moiety connected through a linker of 1-2 atoms to a distal aromatic group. Considering these structural requirements and electronic features, new potent agents can be designed and developed as potential Aβ fibril inhibitors for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faizul Azam
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Misurata University , Misurata , Libya
| | - Nada Hussin Alabdullah
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Misurata University , Misurata , Libya
| | - Hadeel Mohammed Ehmedat
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Misurata University , Misurata , Libya
| | - Abdullah Ramadan Abulifa
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Misurata University , Misurata , Libya
| | - Ismail Taban
- b School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Cardiff University , Cardiff , UK
| | - Sreedevi Upadhyayula
- c Department of Chemical Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology , New Delhi , India
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Hossain T, Saha A, Mukherjee A. Exploring molecular structural requirement for AChE inhibition through multi-chemometric and dynamics simulation analyses. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2017; 36:1274-1285. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2017.1320231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tabassum Hossain
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, 92, A. P. C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Achintya Saha
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, 92, A. P. C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Arup Mukherjee
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, 92, A. P. C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, India
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