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Gour A, Ramteke S, Jain NK. Pharmaceutical Applications of Quantum Dots. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:233. [PMID: 34476619 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-02103-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has been utilized in developing novel drug formulations with minimal adverse effects. Nanoparticles in a lower size range with great surface area, increased potency, and easy permeability could be an approach for the treatment of cancer and other diseases. Unlike other nanoparticles, quantum dots have specific functional groups, have charges over their surface, and are extremely small in size (2-10nm), which makes them more permeable through tight junctions. Quantum dots are interesting materials that offer diagnosis and treatment concurrently. Quantum dots are reported to have several applications in pharmaceuticals as well as drug delivery, diagnosis, immunolabeling, and cell labeling tools. However, the existence of heavy metals in quantum dots such as cadmium poses a potential challenge for future medical applications, where quantum dots may be deliberately injected into the body. In this review, we are focusing on various pharmaceutical applications of quantum dots. Graphical Abstract.
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Cohen EN, Kondiah PPD, Choonara YE, du Toit LC, Pillay V. Carbon Dots as Nanotherapeutics for Biomedical Application. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:2207-2221. [PMID: 32238132 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200402102308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanodots are zero-dimensional spherical allotropes of carbon and are less than 10nm in size (ranging from 2-8nm). Based on their biocompatibility, remarkable water solubility, eco- friendliness, conductivity, desirable optical properties and low toxicity, carbon dots have revolutionized the biomedical field. In addition, they have intrinsic photo-luminesce to facilitate bio-imaging, bio-sensing and theranostics. Carbon dots are also ideal for targeted drug delivery. Through functionalization of their surfaces for attachment of receptor-specific ligands, they ultimately result in improved drug efficacy and a decrease in side-effects. This feature may be ideal for effective chemo-, gene- and antibiotic-therapy. Carbon dots also comply with green chemistry principles with regard to their safe, rapid and eco-friendly synthesis. Carbon dots thus, have significantly enhanced drug delivery and exhibit much promise for future biomedical applications. The purpose of this review is to elucidate the various applications of carbon dots in biomedical fields. In doing so, this review highlights the synthesis, surface functionalization and applicability of biodegradable polymers for the synthesis of carbon dots. It further highlights a myriad of biodegradable, biocompatible and cost-effective polymers that can be utilized for the fabrication of carbon dots. The limitations of these polymers are illustrated as well. Additionally, this review discusses the application of carbon dots in theranostics, chemo-sensing and targeted drug delivery systems. This review also serves to discuss the various properties of carbon dots which allow chemotherapy and gene therapy to be safer and more target-specific, resulting in the reduction of side effects experienced by patients and also the overall increase in patient compliance and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eemaan N Cohen
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Pierre P D Kondiah
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Yahya E Choonara
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Lisa C du Toit
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Viness Pillay
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
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Bestatin and bacitracin inhibit porcine kidney cortex dipeptidyl peptidase IV activity and reduce human melanoma MeWo cell viability. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:2944-2952. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Sharma S, Banjare MK, Singh N, Korábečný J, Kuča K, Ghosh KK. Multi-spectroscopic monitoring of molecular interactions between an amino acid-functionalized ionic liquid and potential anti-Alzheimer's drugs. RSC Adv 2020; 10:38873-38883. [PMID: 35518436 PMCID: PMC9057349 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06323a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibiting the formation of amyloid fibrils is a crucial step in the prevention of the human neurological disorder, Alzheimer's disease (AD). Ionic liquid (IL) mediated interactions are an expedient approach that exhibits inhibition effects on amyloid fibrils. In view of the beneficial role of ILs, in this work we have explored complexation of anti-Alzheimer's drugs (i.e., tacrine and PC-37) and an amino acid-functionalized IL [AIL (4-PyC8)]. Maintaining standard physiological conditions, the binding mechanism, thermo-dynamical properties and binding parameters were studied by employing UV-vis, fluorescence, FTIR, 1H NMR, COSY and NOESY spectroscopy. The present investigation uncovers the fact that the interaction of anti-Alzheimer's drugs with 4-PyC8 is mediated through H-bonding and van der Waals forces. The Benesi–Hildebrand relation was used to evaluate the binding affinity and PC-37 showed the highest binding when complexed with 4-PyC8. FTIR spectra showed absorption bands at 3527.98 cm−1 and 3527.09 cm−1 for the PC-37 + 4-PyC8 system which is quite promising compared to tacrine. 1H-NMR experiments recorded deshielding for tacrine at relatively higher concentrations than PC-37. COSY investigations suggest that anti-Alzheimer's drugs after complexation with 4-PyC8 show a 1 : 1 ratio. The cross-peaks of the NOESY spectra involve correlations between anti-Alzheimer's drugs and AIL protons, indicating complexation between them. The observed results indicate that these complexes are expected to have a possible therapeutic role in reducing/inhibiting amyloid fibrils when incorporated into drug formulations. Ionic liquids mediated interactions are an expedient approach that exhibit inhibition effect on amyloid fibrils which is beneficial for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Srishti Sharma
- School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University Raipur-492010 C.G. India
| | - Manoj Kumar Banjare
- School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University Raipur-492010 C.G. India .,MATS School of Sciences, MATS University Pagaria Complex, Pandri Raipur-492009 C.G. India
| | - Namrata Singh
- Ramrao Adik Institute of Technology, DY Patil University Nerul Navi Mumbai India.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove Rokitanskeho 62 50003 Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
| | - Jan Korábečný
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove Sokolska 581 500 05 Hradec Kralove Czech Republic .,Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence Trebesska 1575 500 01 Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove Sokolska 581 500 05 Hradec Kralove Czech Republic .,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove Rokitanskeho 62 50003 Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
| | - Kallol K Ghosh
- School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University Raipur-492010 C.G. India
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Sharma S, Banjare MK, Singh N, Korábečný J, Fišar Z, Kuča K, Ghosh KK. Exploring spectroscopic insights into molecular recognition of potential anti-Alzheimer's drugs within the hydrophobic pockets of β-cycloamylose. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Kotha S, B S, Kulkarni VM, S RS, B HK, R H. An in-silico approach: identification of PPAR-γ agonists from seaweeds for the management of Alzheimer's Disease. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:2210-2229. [PMID: 32216605 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1747543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease is a complex progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques in various parts of the brain particularly cerebral cortex affecting memory and cognition. Nuclear receptors such as Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ [PPAR-γ] is reported to have a role in lipid and glucose homeostasis in the brain, reduces the synthesis of Aβ (beta-amyloid plaques) and also regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and inhibit the neuro-inflammation, which contributes for the improvement in the cognitive function in AD. Hence PPAR-γ is one of the newer targets for the researchers to understand the pathology of AD and to evolve the novel strategy to retard/reverse the progression of AD. PPAR-γ agonists such as Rosiglitazone and Pioglitazone have shown promising results in AD by decreasing neuro-inflammation and restoring glucose dysmetabolism leading to a reduction in neuronal deterioration. These agonists possess poor blood-brain permeability and are poor candidates for clinical use in AD. Therefore, search, design, and development for new PPAR- γ agonists with improved BBB penetration ability are imperative. The present work deals with the use of computational tools and techniques such as molecular docking, molecular dynamics to discover PPAR-γ agonists from the unexplored Seaweed Metabolite Database and predicts it's toxicological and physiochemical profile, thereby saving time and resources. Out of 1,110 seaweed compounds, the hit molecule BS052 displayed a strong binding affinity towards PPAR-γ, which possessed better lipid solubility indicating the potential to be considered as a PPAR-γ agonist, which may be useful in the management of AD.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satvik Kotha
- Department of Pharmacology, Government College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
| | - Swapna B
- Department of Pharmacology, Government College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
| | - Vithal M Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune, India
| | - Ramachandra Setty S
- Department of Pharmacology, Government College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
| | - Harish Kumar B
- Department of Pharmacology, Government College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
| | - Harisha R
- Department of Pharmacology, Government College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
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Wang W, Ma Y, He J, Qi H, Xiao F, He S. Gene regulation for the extreme resistance to ionizing radiation of Deinococcus radiodurans. Gene 2019; 715:144008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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