DFT computational study of trihalogenated aniline derivative's adsorption onto graphene/fullerene/fullerene-like nanocages, X12Y12 (X = Al, B, and Y = N, P)

Investigation of the interaction of thymine drugs with Be12O12 and Ca12O12 nanocages: A quantum chemical study

Based on the DFT in a Wb97xd/6-311+G* level of theory, the interaction of thymine derivatives with Be12O12 and Ca12O12 nanocages was investigated. It was found that adsorption energies of thymine molecules on the Be12/Ca12-O12 surface was around -43.16, -60.06 and -29.62, -50.71, -45.95, -30.27 kcal/mol, for thymine (TH1), 1-amino thymine (TH2) and thymine glycol (TH3), respectively and this result supported the drug's adsorption. Additionally, according to the FMOs and MEP studies, a charge transfer from TH's to nanocages. Additionally, both molecular orbitals demonstrate that the LUMO and HOMO are primarily found on the BeO's surface.

A DFT and QTAIM insight into ethylene oxide adsorption on the surfaces of pure and metal-decorated inorganic fullerene-like nanoclusters

In this industrial era, the use of low-dimensional nanomaterials as gas sensors for environmental monitoring has received enormous interest. To develop an effective sensing method for ethylene oxide (EO), DFT computations are conducted using method ωB97X-D and B3LYP with 6-31G(d,p) basis set to evaluate the adsorption behavior of ethylene oxide gas on the surfaces of pristine, as well as Scandium and Titanium decorated B12N12, Al12N12, and Al12P12 nanocages. Several properties like structural, physical, and electronic are studied methodically to better understand the sensing behavior. Scandium-decorated aluminum phosphate and boron nitride nanocages were shown to perform better in terms of adsorption properties. The short recovery time observed in this study is beneficial for the repetitive use of the gas sensor. The Natural Bond Orbital and molecular electrostatic potential analysis demonstrated a substantial quantity of charge transfer from adsorbate to adsorbents. The bandgap alternation after adsorption shows an influence of adsorption on electronic properties. The interactions of adsorbate and adsorbents are further studied using the ultraviolet-visible predicted spectrum, and quantum theory of atoms in molecules all of which yielded promising findings.

Theoretical study of glycoluril by highly symmetrical magnesium oxide Mg12O12 nanostructure: adsorption, detection, SERS enhancement, and electrical conductivity study

Using metal substrates that are nanoscale in size, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a technique for enhancing the Raman signal of biomolecules. Numerous industries including sensing materials, adsorption and medical devices, use nanomaterials like nanocages and nanoclusters. To discover a possible novel sensor platform involving a small metal cluster and a curved rigid substrate, we used density functional theoretical (DFT) simulations to explore the adsorption of glycoluril (GLC), a prospective drug intermediate, on a pure magnesium oxide cage (Mg₁₂O₁₂). This well defined cage was used as (i) an exact probable structure that could be used as well as (ii) a general model for MgO nanostructures. We also investigated the mono Al-doped Mg₁₂O₁₂ nanocage version Mg₁₁AlO₁₂. All computations were performed at the M06-2X level of theory. The GLC binds to the Mg₁₂O₁₂ nanocage by way of strong donor-acceptor interactions. The adsorption is releasing - 45.80 kcal mol^-1 of energy. Due to Al doping, the energy gap of GLC-Mg₁₁AlO₁₂ (1.91 eV) is reduced from that of GLC-Mg₁₂O₁₂ (4.28 eV) and hence there is an increase in electrical conductivity of GLC-Mg₁₁AlO₁₂. The electronic change in the nanocage's conductivity can be transformed into an electrical signal which can be used to detect the presence of the drug analyte. In addition, when a GLC molecule is present, the work function of the nanocage is also reduced. The MgO nanocage, we conclude, is a work function type as well as a possible electronic sensor for GLC drug detection. GLC desorption from the Mg₁₁AlO₁₂ surface recovers more quickly in comparison with Mg₁₂O₁₂ recovery time. The AIM and NCIs assessed in this study were performed to help analyze the electronic structures of the complexes. Our findings pave the possibility for Mg₁₁AlO₁₂ nanostructures to be used in drug recognition.

Adsorption of a thione derivative on carbon, AlN, and BN nanotubes: a detailed DFT and MD investigation

The performance of nanotubes (NT) of carbon (CC), aluminium-nitrogen (AlN), and boron-nitrogen (BN) as a sensor and nanocarrier for mercaptopurine (MCP) was investigated by means of a theoretical approach. The calculated negative values of adsorption energy showed the interaction and adsorption of MCP. Highest-occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest-unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) distributions were only found on the NT counter portion of the drug-nanotube not on MCP for AlN-NT and BN-NT while HOMO is over MCP and LUMO is over NT for CC-NT. The polarizability of MCP-NTs is greater than that of MCP. Raman wavenumbers of MCP are enhanced in NTs, and hence, NTs can act as a sensor for the detection of MCP. Solvent dependency on adsorption behaviour is also presented in the manuscript, where we found that the AlN nanotube showed exceptionally high free energy of adsorption over other nanotubes in all solvent mediums. Solvation-free energies were also reported. Noncovalent interaction scattered plot also showed significant intermolecular interaction between AlN nanotubes and the mercaptopurine when compared to other nanotubes under study. To find the antiviral activity of MCP and MCP-NTs against antiviral activities, docking and molecular dynamics simulations were performed with 1HMP PDB. Recovery times show that MCP desorption occurs quickly. The MD simulations and docking results show that BN and CC-NTs with MCP show good activity as drug carriers.

DFT analysis of valproic acid adsorption onto Al12/B12-N12/P12 nanocages with solvent effects

Using density functional theory, the adsorption of valproic acid onto the surface of fullerene-like nanocages was investigated. Valproic acid interacts with the nanocages through the carboxylic group with energies of - 144.14, - 109.71, - 105.22, and - 84.96 kcal/mol. The frontier molecular orbital (FMO) energy levels were considerably altered upon adsorption, resulting in a reduction in energy gap and increase in electrical conductivity. This suggests that nanocages could be used as sensors as well as options for drug administration in biological systems. Solvation effects in water are also reported.

Zeolite/Cellulose Acetate (ZCA) in Blend Fiber for Adsorption of Erythromycin Residue From Pharmaceutical Wastewater: Experimental and Theoretical Study

The expanding amount of remaining drug substances in wastewater adversely affects both the climate and human well-being. In the current investigation, we developed new cellulose acetic acid derivation/zeolite fiber as an effective technique to eliminate erythromycin (ERY) from wastewater. The number of interchangeable sites in the adsorbent structures and the ratio of ERY to the three adsorbents were identified as the main reasons for the reduction in adsorption as the initial ERY concentrations increased. Additionally, for all adsorbents, the pseudo–second-order modeling showed better fitting for the adsorption than the pseudo–first-order modeling. However, the findings obtained in the pseudo–first-order model were still enough for explaining the sorption kinetics of ERY, showing that the surface displayed all chemisorption and physi-sorption adsorption processes by both adsorbents. The R² for the second order was very close to 1 for the three adsorbents in the case of pseudo–second-order. The adsorption capacity reached 17.76 mg/g. The three adsorbents showed negative values of ΔH, and these values were −6,200, −8,500, and −9600 kJ/mol for zeolite, CA, and ZCA, respectively, and this shows that the adsorption is exothermic. The desorption analysis shows no substantial loss of adsorption site after three trials, indicating higher stability and resilience of the three adsorbents, indicating a strong repeatability of their possible use in adsorption without contaminating the environment. In addition, the chemical attitude and possible donor–acceptor interactions of ERY were assessed by the quantum chemical parameters (QCPs) and NBO analysis performed, at the HF/6-311G** calculations.