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Al-Maqtari H, Hasan AH, Suleiman M, Ahmad Zahidi MA, Noamaan MA, Alexyuk P, Alexyuk M, Bogoyavlenskiy A, Jamalis J. Benzyloxychalcone Hybrids as Prospective Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors against Alzheimer's Disease: Rational Design, Synthesis, In Silico ADMET Prediction, QSAR, Molecular Docking, DFT, and Molecular Dynamic Simulation Studies. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:32901-32919. [PMID: 39100311 PMCID: PMC11292818 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c03679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) are crucial therapeutic targets for both the early and severe stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Chalcones and their chromone-based derivatives are well-known building blocks with anti-Alzheimer properties. This study synthesized 4-benzyloxychalcone derivatives and characterized their structures using IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS. Additionally, the synthesized 4-benzyloxychalcone derivatives were tested for anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. The synthesized compounds outperformed galantamine, which is used as a positive control against acetylcholinesterase. Utilizing an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) receptor (PDB ID: 4EY7)-chalcone derivative (12a-c), a molecular docking investigation was performed on the synthesized compounds. The goal was to predict the binding sites and energies of the derivatives with respect to the receptor amino acids. The dynamic behavior of the ligand-receptor complex resulting from the interaction of the best docking compounds 12a and 12c with the acetylcholinesterase receptor was used to analyze the stability via MD simulation. MM/GBSA and MM/PBSA were used to calculate free binding energies using snapshots from system trajectories. Advanced computational approaches incorporating long-range corrections were utilized to calculate the molecular characteristics of chalcone derivatives 12a-c at the DFT/wB97XD/6-311++G(d,p) level. We used the molecular electrostatic surface potential (MESP) with high-quality data and visualization to find the most active site in these molecules. Reactivity descriptors, including the condensed Fukui function, chemical hardness (η), dual descriptors, chemical potential (μ), and electrophilicity (ω), were calculated for the chalcone derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmi
Mohammed Al-Maqtari
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti
Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Education, Hodeidah
University, University
Street, Hodeidah, Yemen
| | - Aso Hameed Hasan
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti
Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, University
of Garmian, Kalar 46021, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Mustapha Suleiman
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti
Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- Department
of Chemistry, Sokoto state university, Birnin Kebbi road, Sokoto 852101, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Muhammad Asraf Ahmad Zahidi
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti
Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Mahmoud A. Noamaan
- Mathematics
Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Pavel Alexyuk
- Research
and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Madina Alexyuk
- Research
and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Andrey Bogoyavlenskiy
- Research
and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Joazaizulfazli Jamalis
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti
Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
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2
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Orioli R, Belluti F, Gobbi S, Rampa A, Bisi A. Naturally Inspired Coumarin Derivatives in Alzheimer's Disease Drug Discovery: Latest Advances and Current Challenges. Molecules 2024; 29:3514. [PMID: 39124919 PMCID: PMC11313984 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29153514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The main feature of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, is the network of complex and not fully recognized neuronal pathways and targets involved in their onset and progression. The therapeutic treatment, at present mainly symptomatic, could benefit from a polypharmacological approach based on the development of a single molecular entity designed to simultaneously modulate different validated biological targets. This strategy is principally based on molecular hybridization, obtained by linking or merging different chemical moieties acting with synergistic and/or complementary mechanisms. The coumarin core, widely found in nature, endowed with a recognized broad spectrum of pharmacological activities, large synthetic accessibility and favourable pharmacokinetic properties, appears as a valuable, privileged scaffold to be properly modified in order to obtain compounds able to engage different selected targets. The scientific literature has long been interested in the multifaceted profiles of coumarin derivatives, and in this review, a survey of the most important results of the last four years, on both natural and synthetic coumarin-based compounds, regarding the development of anti-Alzheimer's compounds is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Angela Rampa
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy; (R.O.); (F.B.); (S.G.)
| | - Alessandra Bisi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy; (R.O.); (F.B.); (S.G.)
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3
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Abdalla Ali A, Mhamad SA, Hasan AH, Ahmad I, Abdullah SA, Jamil S, Patel H, Murugesan S, Jamalis J. Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modeling studies of modulated benzyloxychalcones as potential acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:3604-3615. [PMID: 37293930 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2220032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) have become a significant target in the search for an efficient treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Chalcone-based compounds display a strong potency to hinder AChE. So, this study focused on the synthesis of a series of new chalcone derivatives with anti-cholinesterase potential and their structures were characterized based on spectroscopic methods including IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS. Chalcone derivatives were screened against AChE. Most of them exhibited potent inhibitory activity against AChE. Compound 11i showed the most potent activity toward acetylcholinesterase compared to the positive compound, Galantamine. Docking studies into the active site of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme ravealed the significant docking score of the synthesized compounds with docking score of -7.959 to -9.277 kcal/mol when compared to the co-crystallized ligand, Donepezil (-10.567 kcal/mol). The interaction's stability was further assessed using a conventional atomistic 100 ns dynamics simulation study, which revealed the conformational stability of representative compound 11i in the cavity of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Abdalla Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- Tafan Preparatory School, General Directorate of Education of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
| | - Shakhawan Ahmad Mhamad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Education, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
| | - Aso Hameed Hasan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Garmian, Kalar, Kurdistan, Iraq
| | - Iqrar Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Prof. Ravindra Nikam College of Pharmacy, Gondur, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
- Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Siti Awanis Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Shajarahtunnur Jamil
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Harun Patel
- Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sankaranarayanan Murugesan
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani (BITS Pilani), Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Joazaizulfazli Jamalis
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
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Bogoyavlenskiy A, Zaitseva I, Alexyuk P, Alexyuk M, Omirtaeva E, Manakbayeva A, Moldakhanov Y, Anarkulova E, Imangazy A, Berezin V, Korulkin D, Hasan AH, Noamaan M, Jamalis J. Naturally Occurring Isorhamnetin Glycosides as Potential Agents Against Influenza Viruses: Antiviral and Molecular Docking Studies. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:48499-48514. [PMID: 38144046 PMCID: PMC10734298 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Influenza remains one of the most widespread infections, causing an annual illness in adults and children. Therefore, the search for new antiviral drugs is one of the priorities of practical health care. Eight isorhamnetin glycosides were purified from Persicaria species, characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry and then evaluated as potential agents against influenza virus. A comprehensive in vitro and in vivo assessment of the compounds revealed that compound 5 displayed the most potent inhibitory activity with an EC50 value of 1.2-1.3 μM, better than standard drugs (isorhamnetin 28.0-56.0 μM and oseltamivir 1.3-9.1 μM). Molecular docking results also revealed that compound 5 has the lowest binding energy (-10.7 kcal/mol) among the tested compounds and isorhamnetin (-8.1 kcal/mol). The ability of the isorhamnetin glycosides to suppress the reproduction of the influenza virus was studied on a model of a cell culture and chicken embryos. The ability of active compounds to influence the structure of the virion, as well as the activity of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase, has been demonstrated. Compound 1, 5, and 6 demonstrated the most effective inhibition of virus replication for all tested viruses. Molecular dynamics simulation techniques were run for 100 ns for compound 5 with two protein receptors Hem (1RUY) and Neu (3BEQ). These results revealed that the Hem-complex system acquired a relatively more stable conformation and even better descriptors than the other Neu-complex studied systems, suggesting that it can be an effective inhibiting drug toward hemagglutinin than neuraminidase inhibition. Based on the reported results, compound 5 can be a good candidate to be evaluated for effectiveness in preclinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Bogoyavlenskiy
- Research
and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Irina Zaitseva
- Research
and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Pavel Alexyuk
- Research
and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Madina Alexyuk
- Research
and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Elmira Omirtaeva
- Research
and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Adolat Manakbayeva
- Research
and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Yergali Moldakhanov
- Research
and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Elmira Anarkulova
- Research
and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Anar Imangazy
- Research
and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Vladimir Berezin
- Research
and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Dmitry Korulkin
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, al-Farabi
Kazakh National University, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Aso Hameed Hasan
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, University
of Garmian, Kalar, Kurdistan Region 46021, Iraq
| | - Mahmoud Noamaan
- Mathematics
Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Joazaizulfazli Jamalis
- Department
of Chemistry Faculty of Science, Universiti
Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Johor
Bahru, Johor 81310, Malaysia
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5
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Mustafa SK, Jame R, Aljohani MMH, Omer N, Alessa AH, Al-Anazi M, Alotaibi FA, Sk M, Islam M, Shakya S. Synthesis, spectrophotometric, pharmacology and theoretical investigation of a new electron transfer complex of 8-hydroxyquinoline with oxalic acid in different polar solvents. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37962847 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2279277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Preparation, characterization, and investigation of a novel organic charge transfer (CT) complex were carried out, with a focus on exploring its antibacterial and antifungal characteristics. Theoretical analysis backs up the experimental findings. CT complex formed was synthesized between 8-hydroxyquinoline (8HQ) and oxalic acid (OA) at RT (room temperature). Different analyses were used to describe the CT complex, including 1H-NMR, FTIR, TGA/DTA, and UV-vis spectra (in different solvents). These indicate that the CT interaction is linked to proton transfer from OA to 8HQ and the subsequent development of 'N+__H…O-" type bonding. On the basis of wave number, the CT complex and reactants are distinguished in FTIR spectra. By using Thermo gravimetric Analysis/Differential Thermal Analysis (TGA/DTA) tests, the thermal stability of complicated and thorough corrosion was examined. Through UV-visible spectroscopy, physical characteristics like ECT (interaction energy), RN (resonance energy), ID (ionization potential), f (oscillator strength) and ΔG (free energy) were calculated. The εCT (molar extinction coefficient), the KCT (formation constant), and additional physical properties of this complex were calculated by the Benesi-Hildebrand equation in order to determine its 1:1 stoichiometry. The biological properties are also supported by theoretical study. The protein, Human Serum Albumin (HSA), is observed to bind with CT complex, as shown by molecular docking and the observed binding energy value is -167.04 kcal/mol. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation 100 ns run was used to refine docking results and binding free energy was calculated using MM-PBSA. This study introduces a novel CT complex, offering fresh perspectives on molecular interactions.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Khalid Mustafa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha Jame
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meshari M H Aljohani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noha Omer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Hamzah Alessa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Menier Al-Anazi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah A Alotaibi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Matiur Sk
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Maidul Islam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Sonam Shakya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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6
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Orabi MAA, Hasan AH, AbouZid SF, El Amir D, Hetta MH, Awadh AAA, Alqahtani OS, Hatano T, El-Shanawany MA. Nutritional, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Anticholinesterase Properties of Phyllanthus emblica: A Study Supported by Spectroscopic and Computational Investigations. Metabolites 2023; 13:1013. [PMID: 37755293 PMCID: PMC10537340 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13091013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary fruits and vegetables play a vital role as food and drugs and are the main sources of antioxidant defences against degenerative diseases, such as brain dysfunctions, cardiovascular diseases, immune system deteriorations, and cancers, brought on by oxidative damage. Phyllanthus emblica is a significant herbal remedy used in conventional medicine to recover lost strength and power. In this research, the potential value of Phyllanthus emblica as a food and drug is researched. The total phenolic, total flavonoid, and total tannin contents as well as the nutritional value, vitamin C, vitamin E, and mineral contents of different organs of P. emblica were evaluated. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of extracts and fractions of different organs of P. emblica were determined. A total of eleven flavonoids, simple phenolic, tannin-related phenolic, and tannin molecules were isolated from a hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves and fruits. The structures were identified by spectroscopic data and comparison with the literature values as gallic acid (1), naringenin 7-O-(6″-O-galloyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), 3,3'-di-O-methyl ellagic acid-4'-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (3), 1-O-galloyl glycerol (4), 1,6-di-O-galloyl-β-d-glucopyranoside (5), flavogallonic acid bislactone (6), corilagin (7), ethyl gallate (8), urolithin M5 (9), (E)-p-coumaroyl-1-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (10), and 1,2,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-d-glucopyranoside (11). Among them, compounds 3 and 10 are first isolated from the plant. Molecular docking was performed to investigate the comparative interactions between positive controls (galantamine and donepezil) and selected compounds utilizing acetylcholinesterase (4EY7) as a target receptor. Results exhibited the potency of these compounds against the target receptor. In summary, P. emblica has a wealth of minerals, vitamins C and E, and polyphenolic phytochemicals that may work together to treat infectious disease, prevent and/or treat oxidative-damage-related illnesses including Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. A. Orabi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 66454, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Aso Hameed Hasan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Garmian, Kalar 46021, Kurdistan Region, Iraq;
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Sameh F. AbouZid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt;
| | - Dalia El Amir
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt;
| | - Mona H. Hetta
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed Abdullah Al Awadh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 66454, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Omaish Salman Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 66454, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Tsutomu Hatano
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama 700-8530, Japan;
| | - Mohamed A. El-Shanawany
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City 11829, Egypt;
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7
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Hasan AH, Abdulrahman FA, Obaidullah AJ, Alotaibi HF, Alanazi MM, Noamaan MA, Murugesan S, Amran SI, Bhat AR, Jamalis J. Discovery of Novel Coumarin-Schiff Base Hybrids as Potential Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Enzyme Inhibition, and Computational Studies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:971. [PMID: 37513883 PMCID: PMC10385371 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
To discover anti-acetylcholinesterase agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a series of novel Schiff base-coumarin hybrids was rationally designed, synthesized successfully, and structurally characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS) analyses. These hybrids were evaluated for their potential inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase (AChE). All of them exhibited excellent inhibitory activity against AChE. The IC50 values ranged from 87.84 to 515.59 μg/mL; hybrids 13c and 13d with IC50 values of 0.232 ± 0.011 and 0.190 ± 0.004 µM, respectively, showed the most potent activity as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs). The reference drug, Galantamine, yielded an IC50 of 1.142 ± 0.027 µM. Reactivity descriptors, including chemical potential (μ), chemical hardness (η), electrophilicity (ω), condensed Fukui function, and dual descriptors are calculated at wB97XD/6-311++ G (d,p) to identify reactivity changes of the designed compounds. An in-depth investigation of the natural charge pattern of the studied compounds led to a deep understanding of the important interaction centers between these compounds and the biological receptors of AChE. The molecular electrostatic surface potential (MESP) of the most active site in these derivatives was determined using high-quality information and visualization. Molecular docking analysis was performed to predict binding sites and binding energies. The structure-activity-property relationship studies indicated that the proposed compounds exhibit good oral bioavailability properties. To explore the stability and dynamic behavior of the ligand-receptor complexes, molecular dynamics simulations (MDS) were performed for 100 ns on the two best docked derivatives, 13c and 13d, with the AChE (4EY7) receptor. A popular method for determining the free binding energies (MM/GBSA) is performed using snapshots taken from the systems' trajectories at 100 ns. These results revealed that the complex system of compound 13d acquired a relatively more stable conformation and exhibited better descriptors than the complex system of compound 13c and the Galantamine drug, suggesting its potential as an effective inhibiting drug. The binding free energy analysis revealed that the 13d-4EY7 complex exhibited greater stability with AChE receptors compared to other complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aso Hameed Hasan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Garmian, Kalar 46021, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Faruq Azeez Abdulrahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Kalar Private Technical Institute, Kalar 46021, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Ahmad J Obaidullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadil Faris Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint AbdulRahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud A Noamaan
- Mathematics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Sankaranarayanan Murugesan
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani (BITS Pilani), Pilani Campus, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Syazwani Itri Amran
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Ajmal R Bhat
- Department of Chemistry, R.T.M. Nagpur University, Nagpur 440033, Maharashtra, India
| | - Joazaizulfazli Jamalis
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
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8
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Salih RHH, Hasan AH, Hussen NH, Hawaiz FE, Hadda TB, Jamalis J, Almalki FA, Adeyinka AS, Coetzee LCC, Oyebamiji AK. Thiazole-Pyrazoline Hybrids as Potential Antimicrobial Agent: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, Molecular Docking, DFT Studies and POM analysis. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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