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Lindeberg S, Tedgård E, Kerstis B, Tedgård U, Taylor A, Jönsson P. Development of the Parent-to-Infant Bonding Scale: Validation in Swedish Mothers and Fathers in Community and Clinical Contexts. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024:10.1007/s10578-024-01699-x. [PMID: 38758484 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-024-01699-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Valid measurement instruments are needed to investigate the impact of parental bonding on child health development. The aim was to develop and validate a self-report questionnaire, the Parent-to-Infant Bonding Scale (PIBS) to measure bonding in both mothers and fathers. Internal consistency and construct validity were analysed using data from Swedish parents from both clinical (N = 182), and community (N = 122) population samples. Overall, good or acceptable internal consistency of the PIBS appeared. Convergent validity (against the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire, analysed in the clinical sample) and discriminant validity (against the mental health constructs of depressive symptoms and anxiety) were demonstrated. The results support the PIBS as a measure of maternal and paternal bonding in community and clinical populations. Assessments of criterion validity in these populations are desirable. The similarities in PIBS measurement properties between the parent groups suggest its usefulness for comparisons between mothers and fathers, and for future investigations of unique and interactive impacts of maternal and paternal bonding on child outcomes using community and clinical cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Lindeberg
- Department of Health Sciences, Child and Family Health, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
- Scania Regional Council, Department for Regional Development, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Eva Tedgård
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Skåne University Hospital, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Infant and Toddler Unit, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Birgitta Kerstis
- Division of Caring Sciences, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Ulf Tedgård
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Paediatrics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alyx Taylor
- Department of Health Sciences, Child and Family Health, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, AECC University College, Bournemouth, UK
| | - Peter Jönsson
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
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Jia L, Zhang Z, Li R, Zha J, Fang P, He H, Wan Y. Maternal parenting stress and social-emotional problems of Chinese preschoolers: The role of the mother-child relationship and maternal adverse childhood experiences. J Affect Disord 2024; 350:188-196. [PMID: 38220112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research suggests that maternal parenting stress is a significant predictor of social-emotional problems in children. However, little is known regarding the mother-child relationship and the effect of maternal adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on this association. METHODS Three waves of longitudinal panel data were collected from 2893 Chinese preschoolers with a follow-up interval of 6 months. The mothers of preschoolers were asked to complete anonymous questionnaires concerning demographic variables, maternal ACEs and parenting stress in Wave 1, mother-child relationships in Wave 2, and children's social-emotional problems in Wave 3. The parallel mediation model was conducted to analyze the mediating role of three dimensions of mother-child relationships, and the moderation model was conducted to examine the moderating role of maternal ACEs. RESULTS The results showed that maternal parenting stress predicted children's social-emotional problems directly or indirectly through the mother-child relationship, with an intimate mother-child relationship mediating this main effect negatively but a conflicted and dependent mother-child relationship mediating this main effect positively. In addition, moderating results indicated that the main effect of maternal parenting stress on children's social-emotional problems was more marked among participants with at least one maternal ACEs than those without maternal ACEs. Furthermore, the moderating effect was only detected in children whose mothers had a high school education or less. LIMITATIONS The subjectivity of mothers' reports may somewhat reduce the credibility due to the possible overestimation or underestimation of children's social-emotional problems. CONCLUSION These findings provide new evidence for the effects of maternal parenting stress on children's social-emotional development and highlight the need for more attention to children with mothers having ACE exposure, lower educational level and poor parent-child relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Jia
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui, China
| | - Zhixian Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui, China
| | - Ruoyu Li
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui, China
| | - Jinhong Zha
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui, China
| | - Peifei Fang
- Department of Physiology, Anhui Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Haiyan He
- Wuhu Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center, Wuhu, China.
| | - Yuhui Wan
- Teaching Center for Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China.
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Łada-Maśko AB, Kaźmierczak M. Dyadic approach to maturity to parenthood: multilevel study on attachment in expectant and non-expectant couples. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37366347 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2023.2230592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined links between attachment styles and maturity to parenthood and its dimensions across different age groups of childless young adult couples. The role of developmental factors (age, assuming parental role) for maturity to parenthood was also investigated. BACKGROUND Relational and individual factors have both been confirmed to be crucial for the transition to parenthood. The concept of maturity to parenthood has been linked to individual values, personality traits, and close relationships. However, the question arises whether maturity to parenthood is related to one of the most crucial concepts in family psychology - attachment. METHOD Three hundred heterosexual young adult couples aged 20-35 years (Mage = 26.20; SD = 3.63) took part. Couples were divided into three groups: 1) 110 couples aged 20-25 (emerging adulthood); 2) 90 couples aged 26-35 (young adulthood); and 3) 100 couples aged 20-35 expecting their first child (third trimester of pregnancy). The main questionnaires used were the Maturity to Parenthood Scale and Close Relationship Experience Scale. RESULTS The results indicated that the more avoidant couples had lower maturity to parenthood. A moderation effect of group (pregnancy) was also observed - the effect of attachment-related avoidance was weaker in expectant couples. Women presented higher overall and behavioural maturity to parenthood than men. Furthermore, higher life satisfaction were associated with greater maturity to parenthood. CONCLUSION Maturity to parenthood is also created in the dyadic context. When related to lower attachment avoidance, it might greatly facilitate transition to parenthood and future parent - child relations.
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He HY, Yu M, Ning M, Cui XC, Jia LY, Li RY, Wan YH. [The role of mother-child relationship in the association between maternal parenting stress and emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2023; 25:394-400. [PMID: 37073845 PMCID: PMC10120346 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2210053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the moderating effect of mother-child relationship in the association between maternal parenting stress and emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children, and to provide reference for the prevention and control of emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children. METHODS Using a stratified cluster sampling method, 2 049 preschool children were surveyed from November to December 2021, who sampled from 12 kindergartens in Wuhu City, Anhui Province. The emotional and behavioral problems of preschool children were assessed with the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationship of maternal parenting stress and mother-child relationship with children's emotional and behavioral problems. The PROCESS Macro was used to analyze the moderating effect of conflicted and dependent mother-child relationships in the association between maternal parenting stress and emotional and behavioral problems in these preschool children. RESULTS Among these preschool children, maternal parenting stress was positively correlated with the scores of emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity, and peer problems subscales and total difficulty scores (P<0.001); intimate mother-child relationships were negatively correlated with the scores of conduct problems, hyperactivity, and peer problems subscales and total difficulty scores (P<0.001); conflicted and dependent mother-child relationships were positively correlated with the scores of emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity, and peer problems subscales and total difficulty scores (P<0.001). After controlling for relevant confounding factors, conflicted mother-child relationship (β=0.05, P=0.001) and dependent mother-child relationship (β=0.04, P=0.012) were found to have a moderating effect on the association between maternal parenting stress and total difficulty scores in these preschool children. CONCLUSIONS Negative mother-child relationships play a moderating role in the association between maternal parenting stress and emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children. Prevention of emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children should focus on reducing maternal parenting stress and improving negative mother-child relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yan He
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University/MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Min Yu
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University/MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Man Ning
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University/MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Chen Cui
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University/MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei 230032, China
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Kawamura E, Asano M. Changes, differences, and factors of parenthood in high-risk pregnant women and their partners in Japan. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:205. [PMID: 36964602 PMCID: PMC10037369 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05519-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Various stressors exists for pregnant women worldwide, especially negative social and environmental influences that can increase the number of high-risk pregnant women. These may cause a difficult transition to parenthood for women and their partners. However, limited studies have focused on and examined parenthood. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the changes in parenthood from pregnancy to post-discharge after childbirth among high-risk pregnant women and their partners, as well as the presence or absence of gender differences and the factors associated with parenthood. Methods This longitudinal quantitative study used a self-administered anonymous questionnaire distributed among 127 pregnant women and their partners who visited a high-risk pregnant outpatient clinic. The Scale of Early Childrearing Parenthood (SECP; three subareas, 33 items) was administered thrice: during pregnancy (T1), after childbirth (T2), and after discharge (T3). Results The analysis included 85 T1 (37 fathers and 48 mothers), 36 T2 (13 fathers and 23 mothers), and 31 T3 (11 fathers and 20 mothers) responses. There was a significant increase in the SECP scores for both parents from T1 to T3. Mothers had a greater increase in the SECP scores from T1 to T2 than fathers. In addition, fathers’ mean SECP scores at T1 and T2 were higher compared with those of the mothers. Mothers’ and fathers’ SECP scores at each time point showed no significant differences. At all time points, the SECP scores were commonly and significantly associated with infertility treatment, physical and mental condition, postpartum depression at T2, and parenting stress at T3. Conclusions Because parenthood in the infertility treatment group was significantly higher throughout the series, we need to support such couples so that childbirth does not become their main goal. We suggest interventions for factors that impede parenthood development, understand the various backgrounds of the parents, and support the couple individually while also considering them as a unit. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12884-023-05519-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Kawamura
- grid.27476.300000 0001 0943 978XNagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-20 Daiko Minami, Higashi-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 461-8673 Japan
| | - Midori Asano
- grid.27476.300000 0001 0943 978XNagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-20 Daiko Minami, Higashi-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 461-8673 Japan
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Cristóbal-Cañadas D, Parrón-Carreño T, Nievas-Soriano BJ. Effect of the Kangaroo Mother Method after Preterm Delivery on Maternal Stress and Anxiety in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic-A Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16432. [PMID: 36554312 PMCID: PMC9778417 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The kangaroo mother method (KMM) may benefit infants and mothers in many ways. However, few studies focused on its efficacy on maternal anxiety and stress, especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of the kangaroo mother method (KMM) on postnatal stress and anxiety in mothers of preterm infants in neonatal intensive care, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A cohort study of two groups of 56 mother-infant dyads recruited from a neonatal intensive care unit was conducted. Two groups were compared in terms of the mean duration of KMM during the twelve days of the study: the intervention group (mean duration of more than ninety minutes per day) and the control group (less than ninety minutes). Maternal stress was measured using the Parental Stressor: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (PSS: NICU) scale and STAI E/R questionnaire before and after intervention (KMM). Demographic and other maternal covariates were extracted from medical records. Daily NICU records were used to track the frequency and duration of KMM sessions. RESULTS Mothers of the intervention group scored lower on the PSS: NICU and STAI E/R, although no statistically significant differences were found (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Contrary to research based on biological and physiological parameters in newborns or performed before the COVID-19 pandemic, the differences found in applying subjective scales in mothers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic were not significant. Therefore, mothers' perception of physical contact with their preterm infants may not have been as positive due to their fear of transmitting COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Cristóbal-Cañadas
- Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Torrecárdenas University Hospital, 04009 Almeria, Spain
| | - Tesifón Parrón-Carreño
- Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine Department, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
- Andalusian Council of Health at Almeria Province, 04005 Almeria, Spain
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Kettunen P, Koistinen E, Hintikka J, Perheentupa A. Oestrogen therapy for postpartum depression: efficacy and adverse effects. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study. Nord J Psychiatry 2022; 76:348-357. [PMID: 34533410 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2021.1974556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postpartum depression (PPD) is detrimental to the mother and the family as a whole. Early initiation of appropriate treatment is important. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of oestradiol treatment. METHODS We performed a pilot double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Major depression was diagnosed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I), and the severity of depression was evaluated using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). The duration of treatment with sublingual oestradiol hemihydrate (1-3 mg/day) was 12 weeks. RESULTS The treatment group consisted of 16 mothers and the placebo group of 14 mothers. Thirteen mothers in the treatment group and ten in the placebo group recovered from depression during the treatment period as measured with the EPDS (<10). There was no evidence to suggest that oestradiol was more effective than placebo. More mothers in the treatment group than in the placebo group (eight vs. one) received gestagen treatment for irregular bleeding. Oestradiol did not disturb breastfeeding. The mean number of other adverse effects per mother was lower in the treatment group, and these were mostly somatic symptoms. CONCLUSION Our findings warrant further studies on oestrogen therapy for PPD with and without antidepressant and gestagen therapy, and on adverse effects (including effects on vaginal bleeding and breastfeeding).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pirjo Kettunen
- Department of General Hospital Psychiatry, North Karelia Central Hospital, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Eeva Koistinen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, North Karelia Central Hospital, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Jukka Hintikka
- Faculty of Medicine and Biotechnology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Psychiatry, Päijät-Häme Central Hospital, Lahti, Finland
| | - Antti Perheentupa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Institute of Biomedicine, Research Center for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Hendaus MA, Alozeib R, Saied L, Shehzad S, Abdulmajeed M, Arab K, Hadid FK, Alhammadi AH. Parenting style in a rapidly developing country: A report from the state of Qatar. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:2947-2951. [PMID: 34660429 PMCID: PMC8483145 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1462_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the different styles of parenting in the State of Qatar, a country that is considered a cosmopolitan hub with rapid development. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at Sidra Medicine, the only tertiary pediatric hospital in Qatar. Parents of children 3-14 years old were offered a questionnaire. Results A total of 114 questionnaires were completed (response rate = 95%). Approximately 65% of parents were between 30 and 39 years of age. Almost 90% of parents state that they are confident of their parenting ability. More than 90% of the participating parents stated that they are responsive to their child's feeling and needs, give comfort and understanding when their child is upset, praise their child when well-behaved, give reasons why rules should be followed, help children understand the impact of their behavior, explain consequences of bad behavior, take into account their child's desire before asking him/her to do something, encourage their child to freely express him/herself when disagreeing with his/her parents, and show respect to their child's opinion. However, 60% of parents sometimes scold, yell, and criticize their child when he/she misbehaves but less than 50% of them use threats as a consequence with little or no justification. Furthermore, two-thirds of parents give consequences by putting their child off somewhere with little or no explanation. Moreover, one in four participants gives in to their child when he/she causes a commotion about something, threatens their child with consequences more often than actually giving them, and states consequences to their child and do not actually do them. Conclusion Residents in Qatar have a mixed type of parental style (authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive). This study will guide us to raise the awareness about the types of parenting style in Qatar, in order to provide professional parenting counseling taking into consideration the cultural background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Hendaus
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Academic General Pediatrics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Clinical Pediatrics, Weill- Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Pediatrics, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rihab Alozeib
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Medical Education, Pediatric Residency Program, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Lama Saied
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Saira Shehzad
- Department of Medical Education, Pediatric Residency Program, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammed Abdulmajeed
- Department of Medical Education, Pediatric Residency Program, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Khuloud Arab
- Department of Medical Education, Pediatric Residency Program, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Faisal K Hadid
- Department of Medical Education, Pediatric Residency Program, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed H Alhammadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Academic General Pediatrics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Clinical Pediatrics, Weill- Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Pediatrics, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
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Cong S, Wang R, Fan X, Song X, Sha L, Zhu Z, Zhou H, Liu Y, Zhang A. Skin-to-skin contact to improve premature mothers' anxiety and stress state: A meta-analysis. MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION 2021; 17:e13245. [PMID: 34258864 PMCID: PMC8476413 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Premature mothers present more anxiety and stress after delivery, which may be caused by mother–infant separation while hospitalised. Skin‐to‐skin contact (SSC), a mitigating factor for mother–infant separation, can benefit infants and mothers in many ways, but few studies focused on its efficacy on maternal anxiety and stress states. Therefore, this review aims to evaluate the effect of SSC on anxiety and stress. Comprehensive research was conducted in nine databases. Meta‐analysis was conducted to investigate the effect of SSC, and subgroup analyses were performed to explain the sources of heterogeneity. Eight randomised controlled trials with 728 participants were included, and SSC significantly reduced the level of anxiety ([standardised mean difference, SMD] −0.72; 95% CI −1.08 to −0.35) and stress state ([SMD] −0.84; 95% CI −1.59 to −0.09). One subgroup analysis revealed that SSC can relieve anxiety if performing SSC no less than 1 h per day ([SMD] −0.94; 95% CI −1.34 to −0.53). Another subgroup analysis suggested that applying SSC repeatedly and lasting less than 1 week ([SMD] −1.49; 95% CI −2.31 to −0.66) or for 1 week to 2 weeks ([SMD] −1.04; 95% CI −1.29 to −0.79) can significantly reduce maternal anxiety level but no significance if lasting over 2 weeks ([SMD] −0.33; 95% CI −0.67 to 0.01). SSC can effectively improve anxiety and stress states among premature mothers after delivery, and not definitive finding presents that only SSC that was performed no less than 60 min could improve postpartum anxiety states, while SSC alone was not as effective when carried out over 2 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Cong
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuemei Fan
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaowei Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Zhu Zhu
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Aixia Zhang
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China.,Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
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Scheuring N, Danis I, Papp E, Benedek P, Németh T, Gulácsi Á, Szabó L. Recognizing Early Regulation Disorders in Pediatric Care: The For Healthy Offspring Project. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e930214. [PMID: 33986238 PMCID: PMC8130504 DOI: 10.12659/msm.930214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Regulation disorders are already apparent in infancy. The For Healthy Offspring Project was the first Hungarian study aimed at building an effective model for screening and examining the prevalence and complex (medical and psychosocial) background of classic behavior regulation disorders (excessive crying, feeding, and sleep problems) in infancy. Material/Methods Data were collected from families of 0- to 3-year-old children in a pediatric hospital and its neighboring areas through questionnaires, medical examinations, and individual and small-group consultations. Results In the questionnaire study about their children’s behavior (n=1133), 15% of mothers reported excessive crying, 16% reported feeding problems, and 10% reported sleep problems. In a subsample (n=619) in which medical examinations were also conducted, the prevalence of medical diagnoses was 15.0% for excessive crying, 15.2% for sleep disorders, 10.3% for breastfeeding difficulties, and 14.8% for feeding disorders. Children who were referred to the screening program (n=183) had significantly more behavior regulation disorders than the other children in our study. Regulation disorders were found to be comorbid with other health conditions in some cases. Conclusions We developed a complex model to screen for regulatory problems in early childhood. This study adds more information about the relationship between regulation problems and other health conditions. The general incidence (5–15%) of early childhood regulation disorders in other countries is likely similar to that found in Hungary. In order to effectively recognize early regulation disorders, diagnostic instruments widely used in the international field should be adapted in general Hungarian pediatric care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémi Scheuring
- Department of Pediatrics, Heim Pál National Pediatric Institute, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Danis
- Institute of Mental Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Papp
- Department of Pediatrics, Heim Pál National Pediatric Institute, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Pálma Benedek
- Department of Otolaryngology, Heim Pál National Pediatric Institute, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tünde Németh
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Halász Géza Medical Center, Dabas, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Gulácsi
- Department of Pediatrics, Heim Pál National Pediatric Institute, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Szabó
- Department of Pediatrics, Heim Pál National Pediatric Institute, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Family Care Methodology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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