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Loi Franzcp PhD Mbbs SM, Cadwallader CJ, Stretton-Smith PA, Flynn L, Wand AP, Bryant C, Baker FA. A mixed methods evaluation of the music and psychology and social connections (MAPS) pilot - A dyadic intervention for couples affected by young-onset dementia. DEMENTIA 2024:14713012241263151. [PMID: 38904256 DOI: 10.1177/14713012241263151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION People living with young-onset dementia and their care-partners are at risk of a range of adverse mental health outcomes and social isolation. There are few interventions aimed at supporting couples affected by young-onset dementia, which poses unique psychosocial challenges for younger people. METHODOLOGY This pre-post interventional mixed methods pilot study aimed to assess the feasibility and acceptability of an online group program for people with young-onset dementia and their care-partners living at home in Australia. The Music And Psychology and Social connections (MAPS) program aimed to address: (1) the challenges and changes associated with young-onset dementia; and (2) coping and wellbeing. The program involved six weekly two-hour sessions co-facilitated by a psychologist and music therapist, and a private Facebook group. The primary outcomes of feasibility and acceptability were assessed through a post-program focus group, separate individual feedback sessions with each couple, and a program evaluation questionnaire. Thematic analysis was conducted on the focus group transcripts and field notes from couple feedback sessions. We also examined the preliminary utility of MAPS in improving mental health and social connectedness, using quantitative pre-post-measures. RESULTS Five couples completed the MAPS program. The most common dementia type was Alzheimer's Disease. Participant attendance was 87% across all sessions. Qualitative findings supported acceptability of the program with four emergent themes: being connected to others with shared experiences; reframing thoughts and feelings about dementia; music as a therapeutic tool; and benefits of MAPS. CONCLUSION The high retention rate, qualitative findings and positive program evaluation suggest MAPS may be a promising, feasible and acceptable program for couples affected by young-onset dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Loi Franzcp PhD Mbbs
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Australia
- Neuropsychiatry Centre, John Cade level 2, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia
| | - Claire J Cadwallader
- Neuropsychiatry Centre, John Cade level 2, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Australia
| | | | - Libby Flynn
- Faculty of Fine Arts and Music, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anne Pf Wand
- Specialty of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Heath, University of New South Wales, Australia
- Older Peoples Mental Health, Sydney Local Health District, Australia
| | - Christina Bryant
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Felicity A Baker
- Faculty of Fine Arts and Music, The University of Melbourne, Australia
- Norwegian Academy of Music, Oslo
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O'Rourke HM, Jeffery N, Walsh B, Quark S, Sidani S. Understanding Acceptability of Group Leisure Activities Used to Address Loneliness Among People Living With Dementia: An Exploratory Mixed-Methods Study. Can J Aging 2023; 42:565-575. [PMID: 37492945 DOI: 10.1017/s0714980823000314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This mixed-methods complementarity study explored family members', friends', and health care providers' perspectives of acceptability of group leisure activities as an intervention for loneliness experienced by older adults living with dementia. A sample of 25 family members, friends, and health care providers of people living with dementia in ON rated the acceptability of group leisure activities (adapted Treatment Perception and Preference questionnaire) and discussed their ratings in an interview. Quantitative (descriptive statistics) and qualitative (conventional content analysis) results were integrated to understand acceptability. Participants viewed group leisure activities as effective, logical, and suitable for use with people living with dementia. Participants described the need for flexible programs, careful facilitation, and attention to activity selection. Group leisure activities were seen as low risk, but stigmas related to dementia could prevent participation. The findings inform the design of acceptable group leisure activities, promoting their use to address loneliness in people living with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M O'Rourke
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta Level 3, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Nicole Jeffery
- School of Nursing, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brittany Walsh
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta Level 3, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Sheylenne Quark
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta Level 3, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Souraya Sidani
- School of Nursing, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Douglas NF, Archer B, Azios JH, Strong KA, Simmons-Mackie N, Worrall L. A scoping review of friendship intervention for older adults: lessons for designing intervention for people with aphasia. Disabil Rehabil 2023; 45:3012-3031. [PMID: 36170126 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2117866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Map the landscape of friendship interventions/programs for older adults to guide intervention/program development inclusive of the unique needs of older people with aphasia (PWA). METHODS A search query of multiple databases was completed for articles published before 4 January 2021. Studies included all the following: (1) participants aged 55 years or older; (2) addressed an intervention/program designed to prevent social isolation and/or friendship loss; (3) used an outcome variable related to social isolation and/or friendship; and (4) published in a peer-reviewed journal. Title and abstract screening were conducted using Covidence software, which tracked disagreements across the study team. All studies included in the full-text review were identified as relevant by a minimum of two study authors, and a consensus was reached on all full-text reviews. Data were extracted according to (1) theoretical frameworks used; (2) interventionist and discipline; (3) participant characteristics; (4) intervention/program replicability; (5) format of intervention/program; (6) measures used in the intervention/programs; (7) and, reported effects of intervention/programs on individuals. RESULTS A total of 40 articles with 42 intervention/programs were included and represented 4584 intervention/program participants ranging in age from 40 to 104 years. Intervention/programs involved a wide range of theoretical frameworks (e.g., theories of loneliness, feminist theory, positive psychology). Disciplines such as psychology and exercise science informed intervention/programs. Interventionists included many types of individuals like therapists, volunteers and home health aides. Intervention/programs often lacked adequate description for replication and included individual and group formats, most commonly delievered in the participants homes. Outcomes usually included self-report measures of loneliness, social networks, or well-being, and intervention/programming was primarily educational, activity-based, or networking-based in nature. CONCLUSIONS The intervention/programs reviewed yield important lessons to support innovation in developing friendship intervention/programs for older PWA as most yielded positive results and were acceptable to participants.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONPeople with aphasia want their friendships addressed as part of their rehabilitation; however, the research literature has little guidance in this area.Studies reviewed of friendship intervention/programs for older adults yielded helpful lessons for consideration in developing this type of intervention/programming for people with aphasia.Interprofessional teams made up of rehabilitation professionals should address friendship for people with aphasia in both research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie F Douglas
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Brent Archer
- Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, USA
| | - Jamie H Azios
- Department of Speech & Hearing Sciences, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX, USA
| | - Katie A Strong
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Nina Simmons-Mackie
- Department of Health & Human Sciences, Southeastern Louisiana University, Hammond, LA, USA
| | - Linda Worrall
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Situmorang DDB. Integration between humor and music therapy to increase spirituality and meaning in palliative and supportive care. Palliat Support Care 2022; 21:1-2. [PMID: 36268833 DOI: 10.1017/s1478951522001468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Eickholt J, Baker FA, Clark IN. Positive Psychology in Therapeutic Songwriting for People Living with Late-Life Depression—An Intervention Protocol. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12050626. [PMID: 35625012 PMCID: PMC9139126 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12050626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: An increasing number of people are living with late-life depression, yet non-pharmacological treatments to help manage symptoms are limited. Two interventions, positive psychology and music therapeutic songwriting, have independently led to decreased depressive symptoms and an improved wellbeing in older people over 65 years old. (2) Methods: This article describes the development of a therapeutic songwriting program for people living with late-life depression. Knowledge from positive psychology and therapeutic songwriting was combined to maximize the potential benefits. (3) Results: The intervention program has ten weekly 45 min sessions that incorporate elements from positive psychology into therapeutic songwriting. Using a three-song approach encompassing ongoing musical practices, different positive psychology interventions were incorporated to support the experiences associated with a flourishing life. The intervention protocol for older people presented here is distinct from previous deficit-orientated approaches in that it shifts the focus to positive experiences, resources, and the individual’s ability to decrease their own depressive symptoms and improve their wellbeing. (4) Discussion: This protocol presenting a therapeutic songwriting program meets the need to develop new non-pharmacological treatment options. However, further studies are needed to examine the feasibility and impact of the intervention program on late-life depression and wellbeing in older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Eickholt
- Creative Arts & Music Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Fine Arts and Music, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3006, Australia; (F.A.B.); (I.N.C.)
- Faculty of Applied Social Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Würzburg-Schweinfurt, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Felicity A. Baker
- Creative Arts & Music Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Fine Arts and Music, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3006, Australia; (F.A.B.); (I.N.C.)
- Centre for Research in Music and Health, Norwegian Academy of Music, 0010 Oslo, Norway
| | - Imogen N. Clark
- Creative Arts & Music Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Fine Arts and Music, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3006, Australia; (F.A.B.); (I.N.C.)
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Loi SM, Flynn L, Cadwallader C, Stretton-Smith P, Bryant C, Baker FA. Music and Psychology & Social Connections Program: Protocol for a Novel Intervention for Dyads Affected by Younger-Onset Dementia. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12040503. [PMID: 35448034 PMCID: PMC9031190 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12040503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychosocial interventions targeting the specific needs of people affected by younger-onset dementia are lacking. Younger-onset dementia refers to dementia where symptom onset occurs at less than 65 years old. Because of its occurrence in middle age, the impact on spouses is particularly marked and dyadic-based interventions are recommended. Music And Psychology & Social Connections (MAPS) is a novel online intervention, informed by the theory of adaptive coping by Bannon et al. (2021) for dyads affected by younger-onset dementia. MAPS combines therapeutic songwriting, cognitive behaviour therapy, and a private social networking group that focuses on the dyads. This will be a randomised controlled trial with a waitlist control. The primary aims are to assess whether MAPS improves depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms in caregivers, with secondary aims to assess whether MAPS improves depressive symptoms in people with younger-onset dementia. The trial also aims to assess dyadic social connectedness; caregiver coping skills; and neuropsychiatric symptoms in people with younger-onset dementia. We will recruit 60 dyads to participate in a group-based weekly online program for 8 weeks facilitated by a credentialed music therapist and psychologist. Sessions 1 and 8 will include both caregivers and people with younger-onset dementia and Sessions 2–7 will involve separate group sessions for caregivers and those with dementia. There will be focus groups for qualitative feedback. Due to its online administration, MAPS has the potential to reach many dyads affected by younger-onset dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M. Loi
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Neuropsychiatry, John Cade Level 2, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +613-9342-8750
| | - Libby Flynn
- Department of Fine Arts and Music, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; (L.F.); (C.C.); (P.S.-S.); (F.A.B.)
| | - Claire Cadwallader
- Department of Fine Arts and Music, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; (L.F.); (C.C.); (P.S.-S.); (F.A.B.)
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Phoebe Stretton-Smith
- Department of Fine Arts and Music, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; (L.F.); (C.C.); (P.S.-S.); (F.A.B.)
| | - Christina Bryant
- Department of Psychology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia;
| | - Felicity A. Baker
- Department of Fine Arts and Music, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; (L.F.); (C.C.); (P.S.-S.); (F.A.B.)
- Music Education and Music Therapy Department, Norwegian Academy of Music, 0369 Oslo, Norway
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Freed SA, Sprague BN, Stephan AT, Doyle CE, Tian J, Phillips CB, Ross LA. Feasibility and Enjoyment of Exercise Video Games in Older Adults. Front Public Health 2021; 9:751289. [PMID: 34805074 PMCID: PMC8602072 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.751289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Several interventions have been developed to enhance social connectedness among older adults. However, little research has demonstrated their performance in a social distancing environment. Exergames are not only beneficial to older adults' physical and cognitive health, but they also allow players to interact with each other at a distance, which can reduce loneliness and increase social connection. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate older adults' perceptions of two commercially available exergames. Methods: Twenty healthy community-dwelling older adults (M age = 73.30, SD = 5.95, range = 65–84 years, 80% women) were recruited in this pilot study between July 2019 and February 2020. They were asked to play two exergames for 10 min each on the Xbox One with Kinect console: Just Dance and Kinect Sports Rivals. After gameplay, they provided both quantitative and qualitative feedback on these games. Results: Participants reported an average rating for exergame enjoyment. Greater enjoyment was significantly related with younger age and greater extraversion but not gender. Participants were highly motivated to do well on the games but reported lower scores for likelihood of playing these games in the future. Greater likelihood of future play was associated with younger age but not gender or extraversion. “Not aerobic or strengthen enough; not enough exertion,” and “slower movements, repetition, clear purpose of doing the exercise” were some factors that would influence their decision to buy and play these games. Discussion: The preliminary results of this pilot study suggest that exergames may help address social isolation and loneliness—particularly during times of social distancing. Before applying exergames as a social isolation or loneliness intervention for older adults, study replication in larger representative studies and future work that examines important design issues related to older adults' experiences with these games is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara A Freed
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA, United States
| | - Briana N Sprague
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Abigail T Stephan
- Department of Education and Human Development, Institute for Engaged Aging, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | - Cassidy E Doyle
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA, United States
| | - Junyan Tian
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA, United States
| | - Christine B Phillips
- Department of Psychology, Institute for Engaged Aging, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | - Lesley A Ross
- Department of Psychology, Institute for Engaged Aging, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
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Montiel C, Radziszewski S, Prilleltensky I, Houle J. Fostering Positive Communities: A Scoping Review of Community-Level Positive Psychology Interventions. Front Psychol 2021; 12:720793. [PMID: 34616336 PMCID: PMC8488140 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.720793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically, positive psychology research and practice have focused on studying and promoting well-being among individuals. While positive psychology interventions focusing on the well-being of communities and marginalized groups have recently been developed, studies reporting on their nature and characteristics are lacking. The aim of this paper is to examine the nature of community-level positive psychology interventions. It reviews the target populations, intervention modalities, objectives, and desired effects of 25 community-level positive psychology interventions found in 31 studies. This scoping review shows that community-level programs based on positive psychology vary greatly in all these aspects. However, most interventions are aimed at individual-level changes to achieve target group outcomes. Contextual issues such as social conditions, values, and fairness affecting well-being are rarely considered. Discrepancies between community-level positive psychology interventions and community psychology in terms of values and social change are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corentin Montiel
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Isaac Prilleltensky
- School of Education and Human Development, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - Janie Houle
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Engelbrecht R, Bhar S, Ciorciari J. Planting the SEED: A model to describe the functions of music in reminiscence therapy. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2021; 44:101441. [PMID: 34247028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2021.101441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Music-assisted reminiscence therapy involves the use of music, in any form, to prompt and augment the recollection of autobiographical memories and therapeutic reframing of the meaning of one's life and experiences. The functions of music in reminiscence therapy remains unclear. Drawing on interdisciplinary research in music therapy, psychology, sociology, gerontology, and neuroscience, this paper proposes a theoretical model for understanding the multiple functions of music when used in reminiscence therapy, and describes how music-assisted reminiscence therapy might be used to improve the wellbeing of older people. The SEED model proposes that music, when used together with reminiscence interventions, helps to: 1) summon autobiographical memories; 2) evoke strong emotional reactions; 3) elicit physiological responses; and 4) define identity. Evidence for the four proposed functions of music in reminiscence interventions is presented. The SEED model expands on previous research and theory on music and reminiscence, neural and cognitive processing, and the therapeutic use of music. The SEED model maps the benefits and indicators for the use of music in reminiscence therapy and provides a blueprint for research to test the purported benefits of using music to enhance reminiscence therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romy Engelbrecht
- School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Australia.
| | - Sunil Bhar
- School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Australia
| | - Joseph Ciorciari
- School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Australia
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Music Connects Us: Development of a Music-Based Group Activity Intervention to Engage People Living with Dementia and Address Loneliness. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9050570. [PMID: 34066004 PMCID: PMC8151914 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9050570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a need for intervention research to understand how music-based group activities foster engagement in social interactions and relationship-building among care home residents living with moderate to severe dementia. The purpose of this conceptual paper is to describe the design of ‘Music Connects Us’, a music-based group activity intervention. Music Connects Us primarily aims to promote social connectedness and quality of life among care home residents living with moderate to severe dementia through engagement in music-making, supporting positive social interactions to develop intimate connections with others. To develop Music Connects Us, we adapted the ‘Music for Life’ program offered by Wigmore Hall in the United Kingdom, applying an intervention mapping framework and principles of engaged scholarship. This paper describes in detail the Music Connects Us program, our adaptation approach, and key adaptations made, which included: framing the project to focus on the engagement of the person living with dementia to ameliorate loneliness; inclusion of student and other community-based musicians; reduced requirements for care staff participation; and the development of a detailed musician training approach to prepare musicians to deliver the program in Canada. Description of the development, features, and rationale for Music Connects Us will support its replication in future research aimed to tests its effects and its use in clinical practice.
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Lindblad K, de Boise S. Musical engagement and subjective wellbeing amongst men in the third age. NORDIC JOURNAL OF MUSIC THERAPY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/08098131.2019.1646791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Lindblad
- School of Music, Theatre and Art - Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Sam de Boise
- School of Music, Theatre and Art - Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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García-Valverde E, Badia M, Orgaz MB, Gónzalez-Ingelmo E. The influence of songwriting on quality of life of family caregivers of people with dementia: An exploratory study. NORDIC JOURNAL OF MUSIC THERAPY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/08098131.2019.1630666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Esther García-Valverde
- National Reference Centre for Alzheimer’s disease and Dementia Care of IMSERSO, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marta Badia
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment of University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Mª Begoña Orgaz
- Department of Basic Psychology, Psychobiology, and Methodology of Behavioral Sciences of University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Elena Gónzalez-Ingelmo
- National Reference Centre for Alzheimer’s disease and Dementia Care of IMSERSO, Salamanca, Spain
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O'Rourke HM, Collins L, Sidani S. Interventions to address social connectedness and loneliness for older adults: a scoping review. BMC Geriatr 2018. [PMID: 30219034 DOI: 10.1186/s127877-018-0897-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults are at risk for loneliness, and interventions to promote social connectedness are needed to directly address this problem. The nature of interventions aimed to affect the distinct, subjective concepts of loneliness/social connectedness has not been clearly described. The purpose of this review was to map the literature on interventions and strategies to affect loneliness/social connectedness for older adults. METHODS A comprehensive scoping review was conducted. Six electronic databases were searched from inception in July 2015, resulting in 5530 unique records. Standardized inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied, resulting in a set of 44 studies (reported in 54 articles) for further analysis. Data were extracted to describe the interventions and strategies, and the context of the included studies. Analytic techniques included calculating frequencies, manifest content analysis and meta-summary. RESULTS Interventions were described or evaluated in 39 studies, and five studies described strategies to affect loneliness/social connectedness of older adults or their caregivers in a qualitative descriptive study. The studies were often conducted in the United States (38.6%) among community dwelling (54.5%), cognitively intact (31.8%), and female-majority (86.4%) samples. Few focused on non-white participants (4.5%). Strategies described most often were engaging in purposeful activity and maintaining contact with one's social network. Of nine intervention types identified, the most frequently described were One-to-One Personal Contact and Group Activity. Authors held divergent views of why the same type of intervention might impact social connectedness, but social contact was the most frequently conceptualized influencing factor targeted, both within and across intervention types. CONCLUSIONS Research to test the divergent theories of why interventions work is needed to advance understanding of intervention mechanisms. Innovative conceptualizations of intervention targets are needed, such as purposeful activity, that move beyond the current focus on the objective social network as a way to promote social connectedness for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M O'Rourke
- Faculty of Nursing Level 3, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, University of Alberta, 11405-87 Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1C9, Canada.
| | - Laura Collins
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Souraya Sidani
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada
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14
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O'Rourke HM, Collins L, Sidani S. Interventions to address social connectedness and loneliness for older adults: a scoping review. BMC Geriatr 2018. [PMID: 30219034 DOI: 10.1186/sl2877-018-0897-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults are at risk for loneliness, and interventions to promote social connectedness are needed to directly address this problem. The nature of interventions aimed to affect the distinct, subjective concepts of loneliness/social connectedness has not been clearly described. The purpose of this review was to map the literature on interventions and strategies to affect loneliness/social connectedness for older adults. METHODS A comprehensive scoping review was conducted. Six electronic databases were searched from inception in July 2015, resulting in 5530 unique records. Standardized inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied, resulting in a set of 44 studies (reported in 54 articles) for further analysis. Data were extracted to describe the interventions and strategies, and the context of the included studies. Analytic techniques included calculating frequencies, manifest content analysis and meta-summary. RESULTS Interventions were described or evaluated in 39 studies, and five studies described strategies to affect loneliness/social connectedness of older adults or their caregivers in a qualitative descriptive study. The studies were often conducted in the United States (38.6%) among community dwelling (54.5%), cognitively intact (31.8%), and female-majority (86.4%) samples. Few focused on non-white participants (4.5%). Strategies described most often were engaging in purposeful activity and maintaining contact with one's social network. Of nine intervention types identified, the most frequently described were One-to-One Personal Contact and Group Activity. Authors held divergent views of why the same type of intervention might impact social connectedness, but social contact was the most frequently conceptualized influencing factor targeted, both within and across intervention types. CONCLUSIONS Research to test the divergent theories of why interventions work is needed to advance understanding of intervention mechanisms. Innovative conceptualizations of intervention targets are needed, such as purposeful activity, that move beyond the current focus on the objective social network as a way to promote social connectedness for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M O'Rourke
- Faculty of Nursing Level 3, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, University of Alberta, 11405-87 Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1C9, Canada.
| | - Laura Collins
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Souraya Sidani
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada
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O’Rourke HM, Collins L, Sidani S. Interventions to address social connectedness and loneliness for older adults: a scoping review. BMC Geriatr 2018; 18:214. [PMID: 30219034 PMCID: PMC6139173 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-018-0897-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults are at risk for loneliness, and interventions to promote social connectedness are needed to directly address this problem. The nature of interventions aimed to affect the distinct, subjective concepts of loneliness/social connectedness has not been clearly described. The purpose of this review was to map the literature on interventions and strategies to affect loneliness/social connectedness for older adults. METHODS A comprehensive scoping review was conducted. Six electronic databases were searched from inception in July 2015, resulting in 5530 unique records. Standardized inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied, resulting in a set of 44 studies (reported in 54 articles) for further analysis. Data were extracted to describe the interventions and strategies, and the context of the included studies. Analytic techniques included calculating frequencies, manifest content analysis and meta-summary. RESULTS Interventions were described or evaluated in 39 studies, and five studies described strategies to affect loneliness/social connectedness of older adults or their caregivers in a qualitative descriptive study. The studies were often conducted in the United States (38.6%) among community dwelling (54.5%), cognitively intact (31.8%), and female-majority (86.4%) samples. Few focused on non-white participants (4.5%). Strategies described most often were engaging in purposeful activity and maintaining contact with one's social network. Of nine intervention types identified, the most frequently described were One-to-One Personal Contact and Group Activity. Authors held divergent views of why the same type of intervention might impact social connectedness, but social contact was the most frequently conceptualized influencing factor targeted, both within and across intervention types. CONCLUSIONS Research to test the divergent theories of why interventions work is needed to advance understanding of intervention mechanisms. Innovative conceptualizations of intervention targets are needed, such as purposeful activity, that move beyond the current focus on the objective social network as a way to promote social connectedness for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M. O’Rourke
- Faculty of Nursing Level 3, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, University of Alberta, 11405-87 Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1C9 Canada
| | - Laura Collins
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3 Canada
| | - Souraya Sidani
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3 Canada
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Joseph D, Southcott J. Music participation for older people: Five choirs in Victoria, Australia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1321103x18773096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In Australia and across the globe music participation by older people active in the community has the potential to enhance quality of life. A recent review of the literature found clear evidence of numerous benefits from participation in active music making that encompass the social, physical and psychological. This article reports on five phenomenological case studies of community singing groups comprised of older people active in the community in Melbourne, Victoria. These studies are part of a research project, Well-being and Ageing: Community, Diversity and the Arts in Victoria that began in 2008. Interview data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis and are reported under three overarching themes: Social connection, A sense of well-being, and Musical engagement. For older people in these studies singing in community choirs offered opportunities for social cohesion, positive ageing, and music learning that provided a sense of personal and group fulfilment, community engagement and resilience.
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Baker FA, Stretton-Smith P, Clark IN, Tamplin J, Lee YEC. A Group Therapeutic Songwriting Intervention for Family Caregivers of People Living With Dementia: A Feasibility Study With Thematic Analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:151. [PMID: 29872659 PMCID: PMC5972290 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to test the feasibility of implementing a group songwriting program with family caregivers (FCGs) of people living with dementia. Fourteen FCGs consented to participate in either the songwriting group (n = 8) or control condition (n = 6). Participants completed baseline and 7-week measures of depression (PHQ-9), perceptions of their caregiving experience (PACQ), and perceptions of their relationship with the care recipient (QCPR). A six-session group songwriting program was implemented across two sites, focusing on participants co-creating a song about their caregiving experiences. Participation and retention rates were high suggesting the intervention was acceptable. An observed pre-post effect size for the PHQ-9 in the experimental group (d = 0.64) and control group (d = −0.33) suggests the measure is sensitive to change over a short period of time in this population and has the potential to detect significant change in a larger controlled trial. Qualitative analysis of focus group interviews suggested the songwriting process allowed participants to share their entire caregiver journey with others, differentiating the intervention from standard carer support groups. Participants described group songwriting as enabling them to find connections with other caregivers, create a group identity, and gain insight into their carer journey, subsequently leading to the development of inner strength and personal growth. Qualitative findings suggest coping may be a more relevant construct to measure than caregiver-patient relationship quality or caregivers' perception of caregiving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicity A Baker
- Faculty of Fine Arts and Music, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Imogen N Clark
- Faculty of Fine Arts and Music, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jeanette Tamplin
- Faculty of Fine Arts and Music, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Young-Eun C Lee
- Faculty of Fine Arts and Music, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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O'Rourke HM, Sidani S, Chu CH, Fox M, McGilton KS, Collins J. Pilot of a Tailored Dance Intervention to Support Function in People With Cognitive Impairment Residing in Long-Term Care: A Brief Report. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2017; 3:2333721417734672. [PMID: 29085863 PMCID: PMC5648083 DOI: 10.1177/2333721417734672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Older adults who live in long-term care settings are at risk for functional decline, which may be mitigated by regular exercise. Using a single-group repeated measures design, this pilot study explored the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of a Waltz-based dance intervention delivered to 13 Canadian, English-speaking, long-term care residents with mild to moderate cognitive impairment. The findings supported intervention feasibility, based on a high completion rate (93%), level of attendance (M = 7.15 of 10 sessions) and level of engagement during dance sessions (M = 1.75 to 1.97 out of 2.00). On average, residents perceived dance sessions positively, and staff and family participants (N = 26) rated them as somewhat acceptable overall (M = 2.37, 0 to 4 scale). Additional research is needed to assess intervention efficacy in a larger sample.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mary Fox
- York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katherine S McGilton
- University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Ontario, Canada
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Baker FA, Yeates S. Carers’ experiences of group therapeutic songwriting: An interpretive phenomenological analysis. BRITISH JOURNAL OF MUSIC THERAPY 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1359457517728914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Supporting carers of people living with dementia to live happy and healthy lives is of international importance. This study aimed to explore carers’ experiences of participating in a creative group songwriting process. Four carers (2 male and 2 female) of people living with dementia participated in four therapeutic group songwriting sessions. Facilitated by two music therapists and support staff, the participants co-created a song that reflected their carer experiences allowing positive and negative perspectives to be represented in the song. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to analyse interviews with the four carers at the end of the programme. A cross-case analysis was performed to identify recurring themes and subthemes. Findings highlight that carers’ experience of the programme went beyond their expectations. They found the collaborative component of co-creating songs was meaningful, and subsequently, the song held meaning for the group. Carers experienced the songwriting process as empowering, having a voice that was heard by genuinely attentive listeners and that they learned about themselves, each other, and the carer journey through the process. This study provides preliminary indications that group songwriting in carer programmes is a worthwhile experience, but further research is needed to understand its impact on wellbeing.
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Carr CE, O’Kelly J, Sandford S, Priebe S. Feasibility and acceptability of group music therapy vs wait-list control for treatment of patients with long-term depression (the SYNCHRONY trial): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials 2017; 18:149. [PMID: 28356125 PMCID: PMC5372335 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-017-1893-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is of significant global concern. Despite a range of effective treatment options it is estimated that around one in five diagnosed with an acute depressive episode continue to experience enduring symptoms for more than 2 years. There is evidence for effectiveness of individual music therapy for depression. However, no studies have as yet looked at a group intervention within an NHS context. This study aims to assess the feasibility of conducting a randomised controlled trial of group music therapy for patients with long-term depression (symptom durations of 1 year or longer) within the community. METHODS This is a single-centre randomised controlled feasibility trial of group music therapy versus wait-list control with a nested process evaluation. Thirty participants will be randomised with unbalanced allocation (20 to receive the intervention immediately, 10 as wait-list controls). Group music therapy will be offered three times per week in a community centre with a focus on songwriting. Data will be collected post-intervention, 3 and 6 months after the intervention finishes. We will examine the feasibility of recruitment processes including identifying the number of eligible participants, participation and retention rates and the intervention in terms of testing components, measuring adherence and estimation of the likely intervention effect. A nested process evaluation will consist of treatment fidelity analysis, exploratory analysis of process measures and end-of-participation interviews with participants and referring staff. DISCUSSION Whilst group music therapy is an option in some community mental health settings, this will be the first study to examine group music therapy for this particular patient group. We will assess symptoms of depression, acceptability of the intervention and quality of life. We anticipate potential challenges in the recruitment and retention of participants. It is unclear whether offering the intervention three times per week will be acceptable to participants, particularly given participants' enduring symptoms and impact upon motivation. This study will provide data to inform both development of the intervention and to assess and inform the design of a full trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN.com, ISRCTN18164037 . Registered on 26 September 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Elizabeth Carr
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development, Queen Mary University of London, Newham Centre for Mental Health, Glen Road, London, E13 8SP UK
- East London NHS Foundation Trust, 9 Alie Street, Tower Hamlets, London, E1 8DE UK
| | - Julian O’Kelly
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development, Queen Mary University of London, Newham Centre for Mental Health, Glen Road, London, E13 8SP UK
- East London NHS Foundation Trust, 9 Alie Street, Tower Hamlets, London, E1 8DE UK
| | - Stephen Sandford
- East London NHS Foundation Trust, 9 Alie Street, Tower Hamlets, London, E1 8DE UK
| | - Stefan Priebe
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development, Queen Mary University of London, Newham Centre for Mental Health, Glen Road, London, E13 8SP UK
- East London NHS Foundation Trust, 9 Alie Street, Tower Hamlets, London, E1 8DE UK
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Bodner E, Assa Polansky E. The attitudes of music therapy students and professionals regarding the emotional valence of improvisations in music therapy. NORDIC JOURNAL OF MUSIC THERAPY 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/08098131.2015.1067248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Gold C, Mössler K, Grocke D, Heldal TO, Tjemsland L, Aarre T, Aarø LE, Rittmannsberger H, Stige B, Assmus J, Rolvsjord R. Individual music therapy for mental health care clients with low therapy motivation: multicentre randomised controlled trial. PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PSYCHOSOMATICS 2014; 82:319-31. [PMID: 23942318 DOI: 10.1159/000348452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Music therapy (MT) has been shown to be efficacious for mental health care clients with various disorders such as schizophrenia, depression and substance abuse. Referral to MT in clinical practice is often based on other factors than diagnosis. We aimed to examine the effectiveness of resource-oriented MT for mental health care clients with low motivation for other therapies. METHOD This was a pragmatic parallel trial. In specialised centres in Norway, Austria and Australia, 144 adults with non-organic mental disorders and low therapy motivation were randomised to 3 months of biweekly individual, resource-oriented MT plus treatment as usual (TAU) or TAU alone. TAU was typically intensive (71% were inpatients) and included the best combination of therapies available for each participant, excluding MT. Blinded assessments of the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) and 15 secondary outcomes were collected before randomisation and after 1, 3 and 9 months. Changes were analysed on an intention-to-treat basis using generalised estimating equations in longitudinal linear models, controlling for diagnosis, site and time point. RESULTS MT was superior to TAU for total negative symptoms (SANS, d = 0.54, p < 0.001) as well as functioning, clinical global impressions, social avoidance through music, and vitality (all p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Individual MT as conducted in routine practice is an effective addition to usual care for mental health care clients with low motivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Gold
- GAMUT, Uni Health, Uni Research, Bergen, Norway. christian.gold @ uni.no
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Abstract
The relationship between arts participation and health is currently very topical. Motivated by a desire to investigate innovative, non-invasive, and economically viable interventions that embrace contemporary definitions of health, practitioners and researchers across the world have been developing and researching arts inventions. One of the key drivers in this vigorous research milieu is the growth of qualitative research within health care contexts and researchers interested in exploring the potential benefits of musical participation have fully embraced the advances that have taken place in health-related qualitative research. The following article presents a number of different types of qualitative research projects focused on exploring the process and outcomes of music interventions. It also presents a new conceptual model for music, health and well-being. This new model develops on a previous version of MacDonald, Kreutz, and Mitchell (2012b) by incorporating new elements and contextualization and providing detailed experimental examples to support the various components.
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Baker FA, MacDonald RAR. Experiences of creating personally meaningful songs within a therapeutic context. Arts Health 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/17533015.2013.808254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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