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Alvarez-Peregrina C, Garcia de la Noceda A, Martinez-Perez C, Sánchez-Tena MÁ. Job satisfaction of Spanish and Portuguese optometrists. JOURNAL OF OPTOMETRY 2024; 17:100492. [PMID: 38171112 PMCID: PMC10796967 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2023.100492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Given the increase in demand for optometry services by society and the importance of the Optometry profession in Portugal and Spain, the objective of this study was to determine job satisfaction and important factors related to this satisfaction in a sample of Portuguese and Spanish optometrists. METHODS A prospective, cross-sectional, and observational study was carried out from June to December 2021. An adaptation of the 15-item job satisfaction in eye-care personnel (JSEP) questionnaire validated by Paudel et al. was administered to Portuguese and Spanish optometrists. The questionnaire was shared through different social media (Facebook, LinkedIn, WhatsApp, etc.) in a Google form during the months of June to December 2021 in Portugal and Spain. RESULTS A total of 530 surveys were collected in Portugal (42.3%; n = 224) and Spain (57.7%; n = 306). The factors that most influence overall job satisfaction are salary, career development opportunities, recognition/prestige in society, good work-life balance (all p<0.001), workplace equipment and facilities, and encouragement reward positive feedback (both p = 0.002). When comparing the determinants of job satisfaction of optometrists, it was found that Portuguese professionals were generally more satisfied than Spanish ones (p<0.001). However, Spanish optometrists reported feeling more supported by their colleagues (p<0.001). CONCLUSION This study has shown that the level of job satisfaction was higher in Portugal than in Spain. The most important factors influencing job satisfaction were salary, job stability, and support from colleagues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Alvarez-Peregrina
- Department of Optometry and Vision, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Garcia de la Noceda
- Faculty of Biomedical and Health Science, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; Dive Medical SL, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Clara Martinez-Perez
- ISEC LISBOA-Instituto Superior de Educação e Ciências, 1750-179 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Miguel Ángel Sánchez-Tena
- Department of Optometry and Vision, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28037 Madrid, Spain; ISEC LISBOA-Instituto Superior de Educação e Ciências, 1750-179 Lisbon, Portugal.
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Rashid ZA, Moodley VR, Mashige KP. Diagnosis and management of keratoconus by eye care practitioners in Kenya. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:37. [PMID: 36707782 PMCID: PMC9881246 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-02792-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore current eye care practice in keratoconus diagnosis and management in Kenya. METHODS An online questionnaire was distributed to ophthalmic clinical officers (OCO) and optometrists. RESULTS A total of 203 responses were received from 52 OCOs and 151 optometrists with a response rate of 24.4% and 53.5% respectively. The majority reported having access to retinoscopes (88.5%; p = 0.48) and slit lamps (76.7; p = 0.14). Few practitioners had access to a corneal topographer (13.5%; p = 0.08) and rigid contact lens (CL) fitting sets (OCOs 5.8%, optometrists 33.8%; p < 0.01). One-third did not feel that retinoscopy (38.7%; p = 0.21), slit lamp findings (30.3%; p = 0.10) and corneal topography (36.6%; p = 0.39) are important investigations in keratoconus diagnosis. Corneal topography was not recommended in two-thirds of patients (59.0%; p = 0.33) with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC). The majority counselled against eye rubbing in mild (73.6%; p = 0.90) VKC, 52.9% in moderate (p = 0.40) and 43.6% in severe (p = 0.24) cases. The majority prescribed spectacles in mild (90.2%; p = 0.95), 29% (p = 0.97) in moderate and 1.9% (p = 0.05) in severe cases. When the binocular best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) with spectacles was ≤ 6/18, 76.9% of OCOs and 58.9% of optometrists referred for CLs (p = 0.02). When binocular BCVA with CLs dropped to ≤ 6/18, 83.7% (p = 0.18) referred to the ophthalmologist for surgical intervention. Few OCOs fitted rigid CLs (15.4% OCOs, 51.0% optometrists; p = 0.01), majority referred to optometrists (82.7% OCOs, 43.7% optometrists; p < 0.01). Progression was monitored in 70.1% (p = 0.11) of mild, 50.9% (p = 0.54) moderate and 25.3% (p = 0.31) advanced cases. Few OCOs (15.4%) performed corneal cross-linking (CXL). A few respondents (5.4%; p = 0.13) did not know when to refer keratoconus patients for CXL. Co-management with ophthalmologists was reported by 58.0% (p = 0.06) of respondents. CONCLUSION The results of this study highlight the need to map services for keratoconus patients, review current curricula and continuous education priorities for mid-level ophthalmic workers, develop guidelines for the diagnosis and management of keratoconus and improve interdisciplinary collaboration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Aly Rashid
- grid.16463.360000 0001 0723 4123School of Health Sciences, Discipline of Optometry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000 South Africa
| | - Vanessa R Moodley
- grid.16463.360000 0001 0723 4123School of Health Sciences, Discipline of Optometry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000 South Africa
| | - Khathutshelo Percy Mashige
- grid.16463.360000 0001 0723 4123School of Health Sciences, Discipline of Optometry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000 South Africa
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Song M, Chen T, Moktar A, Chan E, Chong EW, Daniell M, Sahebjada S. Diagnosis and Management of Keratoconus-A Narrative Review of Clinicians' Perspectives. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9121973. [PMID: 36553416 PMCID: PMC9777227 DOI: 10.3390/children9121973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review discusses the current practices, attitudes, and trends in diagnosing and managing keratoconus (KC) in adults and children by optometrists and ophthalmologists in order to highlight the differences on a global scale. Two independent reviewers searched the electronic databases and grey literature for all potential articles published from 1 January 2000 to 1 June 2022 on management of KC. Keywords used in searches included "keratoconus", "diagnosis", "management", "treatment", "attitude", "practices", "opinion", "optometrist", "ophthalmologist", "consensus", and "protocol". A total of 19 articles was included in this review-12 from the database search and seven from the grey literature. Although a common stepwise approach of non-surgical management was noted, there were differences in the rates of prescribing rigid gas permeable lenses. Furthermore, while clinicians agreed on the need for early diagnosis, the timeline and type of referral varied significantly. A similar discordance was found in the milestones for surgical intervention and preferred surgical techniques. Practice patterns in keratoconus diagnosis and management vary throughout the world. Multiple recommendations and suggestions to minimise the differences have been provided in the literature, with the main themes being improvement in education, interdisciplinary patient care, and further research to reach consensus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Song
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Tanya Chen
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Adam Moktar
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Elsie Chan
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Elaine W Chong
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Mark Daniell
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Srujana Sahebjada
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Correspondence:
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