Effects of Anthropometric Measurements on Renal Function

Central obesity and coronary heart disease risk factors in referral outpatients to zahedan cardiology clinic, iran

BACKGROUND

Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is one of the most common and life-threatening diseases in both developed and developing countries and a close correlation has been found between different types of obesity and CHD.

OBJECTIVES

The current study investigated the relationship between central obesity and coronary heart disease risk factors in CHD referral outpatients to Khatam Clinic, Zahedan, Iran.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

In this clinical, cross-sectional study, data for 120 CHD patients aged 30-60 years were included. Based on waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), subjects were classified into two groups: not centrally obese (NCO; WHR ≤ 0.95 for men, ≤ 0.8 for women) and centrally obese (CO; WHR > 0.95 and > 0.8 for men and women, respectively). Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and fasting blood sugar (FBS) were enzymatically determined. Sitting systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured for each patient.

RESULTS

Significantly more women than men and significantly more subjects with less education than subjects with more education were CO. Rates of CO were higher in subjects 45-60 years old than in those 30-45 years old (n.s.). CO subjects also had higher mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure, TG, and creatinine levels (n.s.). Significantly higher mean values were observed for FBS in CO subjects than in NCO subjects (P = 0.02). Mean values for smoking were significantly higher in the NCO group compared with the CO group (P = 0.004).

CONCLUSIONS

According to the results of this study, in CHD patients, central obesity was associated with certain risk factors, especially FBS. Central obesity was more evident in women, less educated subjects, and older subjects. Further research is required to clarify these associations.

Which Life Style Anthropometric Index is a Better Predictor of Renal Function?

BACKGROUND

Obesity is a risk factor that has been associated scientifically with hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, cancer and other life threatening diseases. The results of some studies have also shown that obesity is an independent risk factor for the development and progression of renal damage.

OBJECTIVES

The aim of the current study is to define which general and central obesity anthropometric indices are better predictors for ceratinine clearance (CC) in healthy, normal and obese Iranian women.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

In this case-controlled study, a total of 62 healthy, normal and obese women from 18 to 30 years of age in Zahedan City, the Islamic Republic of Iran, were studied. The subjects were classified into two groups; case group (31 subjects) of healthy obese women (30 ≤ BMI ≤ 39.9 kg/m(2)) and control group (31 subjects) of healthy normal women (18.5 ≤ BMI ≤ 24.9 kg/m(2)). An assessment of body mass index (BMI) was considered as a general obesity index and an assessment of waist circumference (WC) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) were considered as central obesity indices. A measurement of CC was considered for renal function.

RESULTS

The means of CC in subjects with increased BMI, WC, and WHR were significantly higher than those in subjects with normal BMI, WC, and WHR. Pearson correlation coefficient revealed that there was a stronger correlation between CC with WC than with WHR and BMI (r = 0.4, P = 0.009; r = 0.4, P = 0.01 in the case and control groups, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

It is suggested that in clinical practice, WC can be used as a better predictor of CC than WHR and BMI in both normal and obese, healthy women.

Waist circumference is strongly associated with renal resistive index in normoalbuminuric patients with type 2 diabetes

OBJECTIVE

Anthropometric parameters may play a role in modulating the risk of kidney dysfunction. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether anthropometric indices and the metabolic syndrome are associated with alterations of the renal resistive index (RI) in normoalbuminuric type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients.

METHODS

A sample of 99 consecutively recruited patients with T2DM (76 male and 23 female) was examined. The RI was assessed by duplex Doppler sonography.

RESULTS

In univariate analysis, a significant association between the RI values and age (r = 0.507, p < 0.0001), gender (being higher in women, p = 0.002), systolic blood pressure (r = 0.285, p = 0.011), smoking habit (being lower in current smokers, p = 0.047), estimated glomerular filtration rate (r = -0.435, p < 0.0001), and intima-media thickness of the carotid arteries (r = 0.271, p = 0.020) was observed. As far as anthropometric parameters are concerned, a strong correlation between waist circumference (WC; r = 0.401, p < 0.0001), BMI (r = 0.337, p = 0.003) and RI values was found but only WC maintained a significant correlation after adjusting for several confounders (p = 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

In normoalbuminuric T2DM patients, the intrarenal hemodynamic abnormalities seem primarily associated with WC.