Change of hyoid bone position in patients treated for and resolved of myofascial pain

Assessment of posterior tilting of the hyoid bone in relation to carotid atherosclerosis: a CBCT study

Aim: The present study aimed to investigate whether the presence and areal and volumetric measurements of the unilateral extra-cranial carotid artery calcifications (ECACs) are associated with posterior tilting of the hyoid bone. Material and Method: A total of 658 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were screened for the presence of ECACs. The calcifications were categorized as unilateral (right or left) or bilateral. Study group was consisted of cases with unilateral ECACs. A control group without ECACs matching with study group by age and gender was created. Volumetric and areal measurements in the ECAC group were done by using Mimics Medical software. Posterior tilting of the hyoid bone in relation to mid-sagittal plane and the dimension of posterior inclination through the greater horns were measured on i-Cat Vision software. Results: In total, 71 (10.8%) ECACs (30 bilateral and 41 unilateral) were detected. Study group consisted of 41 (6.2%) unilateral ECAC cases [25 (61%) females and 16 (39%) males]. Gender and age distributions were similar between ECAC and control groups. No significant difference between two groups was found considering the prevalence of posterior tilting of the hyoid bone (63.4% vs. 43.9%, p=0.240). Similarly, there was no significant difference in the mean dimension of posterior inclination between groups (2.48±2.12 mm. vs. 2.24±1.47 mm, p=0.646). The volume and areal measurements of calcifications were not correlated with the dimension of posterior inclination of the hyoid bone. Conclusion: Posterior tilting of the hyoid bone may be a frequent finding in cases of unilateral ECAC. However, the present findings suggest that no significant relationship exists between the presence of unilateral ECACs and posterior tilting of the hyoid bone.

Effect of pompage on pain, disability and craniocervical position of female teachers - Randomized clinical trial

Abstract Introduction: Education professionals are one of the most important occupational groups and represents one of the main parts of the economy of modern society. The vocal demands most mentioned by the teachers are talking while standing up, talking a lot and in a closed environment, which corresponds to the most frequent situations encountered in teaching. In addition, remaining in the standing position for a prolonged period may have repercussions on other systems and generate postural deviations, pain and reduced functionality. Objective: To verify changes in pressure pain threshold, in disability index and in craniocervical posture of female teachers with vocal and musculoskeletal complaints, and with normal larynx, after myofascial release - pompage. Methods: This study was a controlled and randomized clinical trial. The following procedures were performed: anamnesis, videolaryngoscopy, hearing screening, clinical and photogrammetric postural assessment using the SAPo® protocol, completion of the neck pain self-assessment protocol Neck Disability Index, and pain threshold in the cervical muscles using the Pain Pressure Threshold. Myofascial therapy with pompage had a total of 24 sessions of 40 min each, three times a week, in 28 teachers assigned to the study group (SG), and 28 to the control group (CG). Afterwards, the groups were reassessed. Results: The SG presented a significant improvement in the pain threshold of all the muscles evaluated, in the posture of most of the body segments evaluated, and in the cervical disability. In the CG there was a significant improvement in angle A2 after therapy. Conclusion: After myofascial release therapy with pompage, the subjects presented a reduction in cervical pain and in functional disability, an increase in pain threshold, and posture improvement.

Hyoid Bone Position in Patients with and without Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthrosis: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography and Cephalometric Analysis

Objective

To assess the differences in hyoid bone position in patients with and without temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis (TMJOA).

Methods

The present cross-sectional study was conducted in 427 participants whose osseous status was evaluated using cone-beam computed tomography and classified into normal, indeterminate osteoarthrosis (OA), and OA. The hyoid bone position and craniofacial characteristics were evaluated using cephalograms. Patients were divided into the normal group (N = 89), indeterminate OA group (N = 182), and OA group (N = 156). Descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance, and age- and sex-based stratified analyses were performed. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

The differences in Hy to MP, Hy-RGn, Hy to C3-RGn, C3-RGn, and Go-Hy-Me among the three groups were statistically significant. The differences in the Frankfort-mandibular plane angle, saddle angle, articular angle, gonial angle, ramus height, and posterior facial height were statistically significant. After adjusting age and sex, the Hy-RGn and C3-RGn in the normal group were significantly greater than the OA group. No statistical differences were observed in the hyoid measurements in the stratified analyses in males or subjects less than 18 years old. The differences in Hy to MP, Hy to C3-RGn, and Go-Hy-Me in female patients among the three groups were statistically significant. The differences in Hy to SN, Hy to FH, Hy to PP, Hy to MP, Hy-RGn, Hy-C3, Hy to C3-RGn, Go-Hy-Me, Hy-S, and C3-Hy-S in adults were statistically significant.

Conclusion

The differences in the hyoid bone position, mainly relative to the mandible, were statistically significant in patients with or without TMJOA. The difference pattern varied among different age and sex groups. Clinical evaluation of the hyoid position must consider the age and sex of patients. Longitudinal studies are required to clarify the causal relationship between TMJOA and hyoid bone position.

Body postural realignment in the first 2 months after orthognathic surgery

INTRODUCTION

This study aimed to assess the static posture in patients with Angle Class II and III malocclusions in the first 2 months after orthognathic surgery.

METHODS

This was a longitudinal observational study. Eligible participants were adult patients who had an indication of orthognathic surgery (bilateral sagittal split osteotomy of the maxilla and/or mandible, can be associated or not with genioplasty). Thirty-five patients were evaluated from the orthognathic surgery group (OSG) and control group (CG). Measurements in OSG were performed at 3 time points: preoperative orthognathic surgery (P0), first postoperative month (P1), and second postoperative month (P2). Static posture was evaluated using the PostureScreen Mobile (PostureCo Inc, Trinity, Fla) application in 4 views.

RESULTS

Patients with Angle Class II malocclusion in the OSG evidenced a tendency to a left hip translation at P1 with a significant difference at P2 in the anterior view (P = 0.052). In the right lateral view, patients with Angle Class II malocclusion in the OSG at P1 presented an accentuated anterior shoulder translation when compared with CG (P <0.001). At P1, patients with Angle Class II malocclusion in the OSG showed a significant anterior knee translation compared with the CG and OSG at P0 and P2 (P <0.001 for all). Patients in the OSG with Angle Class III malocclusion presented an average posterior head translation in the right lateral view at P1 when compared with those in the CG and OSG at P0, who presented an anterior translation (P = 0.0008).

CONCLUSIONS

These findings suggest a realignment of static posture in the first 2 months after orthognathic surgery.