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Winds K, Marka T, Salcher B, Rieser N, Skrivanek C, Hochrainer M, Trost-Schrems J, Rainer LJ, Hitzl W, Augner C, Plattner B. Glow up: does a professional photoshoot intervention affect self-esteem and emotions among adolescent psychiatric patients?-A longitudinal intervention study. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1310252. [PMID: 38463433 PMCID: PMC10920346 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1310252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Today, online communication is shaped by a billion-dollar social media (SM) and social networking site (SNS) industry. Visual content consumed by children and adolescents has been shown to influence behavioral patterns, state emotions, and self-esteem (SE). In this study, we introduced a novel intervention creating visual content through a professional photoshoot and investigated its impact on state emotions and SE in child and adolescent psychiatric (CAP) patients. Methods Standardized and validated self-rating questionnaires were used to assess SE, state emotions, coping mechanisms, psychopathological symptoms, and internet use behavior at baseline. SE and state emotions were monitored at different time points around a professional photoshoot within 45 CAP patients (30 female patients; mean age, 15.1 years) using a longitudinal design. Results Within-subject repeated-measures ANOVA and bootstrapped paired-sample t-tests showed a significant fluctuation in state emotions and SE throughout the intervention. Spearman correlations and univariate logistic regressions revealed that internalizing symptomatology and maladaptive coping significantly worsened the outcome of the intervention on state emotions and SE in girls. Internet-related variables heightened the positive effect of the intervention in boys and lowered SE in girls during the intervention. Conclusion The photo intervention had various gender-specific effects. Boys did benefit from the intervention in terms of longitudinal outcome on positive state emotions (PE) and SE, even positively influenced by SNS and SM. Thus, it might be concluded that online social comparison was processed more beneficial in boys. In contrast, when working with visual content in girls, psychopathology and coping must be considered. Internet consumption in general, especially SM and SNS, was related to low SE in girls. Nevertheless, when therapeutically accompanied, the "glow up moment" during the shoot (high on PE and SE; low on negative state emotions) could be used as an index moment for therapeutic reflection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kornelius Winds
- University Clinics for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Salzburger Landeskliniken, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience Salzburg, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Theresa Marka
- University Clinics for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Salzburger Landeskliniken, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience Salzburg, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Bernhard Salcher
- Department of Environment and Biodiversity, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Nicole Rieser
- University Clinics for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Salzburger Landeskliniken, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Christine Skrivanek
- University Clinics for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Salzburger Landeskliniken, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Michelle Hochrainer
- University Clinics for Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Julia Trost-Schrems
- University Clinics for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Salzburger Landeskliniken, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Lucas J. Rainer
- University Clinics for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Salzburger Landeskliniken, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience Salzburg, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- University Clinics for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Salzburger Landeskliniken, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- University Clinics for Neurology, Salzburger Landeskliniken, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Hitzl
- Research Office Biostatistics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Christoph Augner
- University Clinics for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Salzburger Landeskliniken, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Institute for Human Resources Research in Health Care, Salzburger Landeskliniken, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Belinda Plattner
- University Clinics for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Salzburger Landeskliniken, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience Salzburg, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
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Malik OF, Jawad N, Shahzad A, Waheed A. Longitudinal relations between abusive supervision, subordinates' emotional exhaustion, and job neglect among Pakistani Nurses: The moderating role of self-compassion. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-21. [PMID: 36213569 PMCID: PMC9532832 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03817-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to investigate reciprocal relationships between abusive supervision, subordinates' emotional exhaustion, and job neglect, and to examine the mediating role of emotional exhaustion in the cross-lagged relationship between abusive supervision and job neglect. Besides, we tested the moderating role of self-compassion in the cross-lagged relationship between abusive supervision and emotional exhaustion. We applied a two-wave cross-lagged panel design with a time lag of six months. Participants were 331 staff nurses of public sector hospitals in Islamabad, Pakistan. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire at two points in time. Longitudinal structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to compare nested models. Results of cross-lagged SEM analyses supported the posited reciprocal model, indicating that abusive supervision, emotional exhaustion, and job neglect are mutually related. Results of mediation analysis showed that emotional exhaustion partially mediates the cross-lagged relationship between abusive supervision and job neglect. Further, we found that self-compassion attenuates the positive cross-lagged effect of abusive supervision on emotional exhaustion, and the indirect effect of abusive supervision on job neglect was weaker at higher levels of self-compassion. Our findings suggest that subordinates may find themselves in abusive relationships, in part, because their own behavioral responses to abuse can reinforce abusive supervision. Moreover, we identified the stress-buffering effect of self-compassion on emotional exhaustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Farooq Malik
- Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nazish Jawad
- Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Asif Shahzad
- Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aamer Waheed
- Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Davison J, Stewart-Knox B, Connolly P, Lloyd K, Dunne L, Bunting B. Exploring the association between mental wellbeing, health-related quality of life, family affluence and food choice in adolescents. Appetite 2020; 158:105020. [PMID: 33171225 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.105020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Young people choose energy-dense, nutrient-poor diets, yet understanding of potential determinants is limited. Associations between food choices, mental wellbeing, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and family affluence were explored to identify targets for intervention to promote dietary health and wellbeing in young people. Adolescents were recruited via post-primary schools in the UK and surveyed at two time-points when aged 13-14 years and 15-16 years. The questionnaire enquired about mental wellbeing using the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale, HRQoL using the KIDSCREEN-10, socio-economic status using the Family Affluence Scale and food choice by Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). With missing and anomalous cases excluded, the sample comprised 1208 cases. Factor analysis on the FFQ indicated five food choice factors: 'Junk Food'; 'Meat'; 'Healthy Protein'; 'Fruit/Vegetables'; 'Bread/Dairy'. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that frequent consumption of Junk Food was associated with being male and lower mental wellbeing. Frequent Meat intake was associated with being male and with lower HRQoL. Frequent choice of Bread/Dairy foods was more common among males and associated with higher wellbeing and greater affluence. Those who consumed Fruit/Vegetables frequently were more likely to be female, have higher HRQoL, higher mental wellbeing, and greater family affluence. These direct associations endured between time points. The dietary factors were not mutually exclusive. Those who frequently chose Junk Food were less likely to choose Fruit/Vegetables. Frequent choice of Meat was associated with more frequent choice of Junk Food and Healthy Protein. Intervention to improve dietary and psychological health in young people should target males, those in less affluent households, seek to reduce consumption of 'junk' food, and increase fruit and vegetable intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Davison
- Psychology Research Institute, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, BT52 1SA, UK.
| | - Barbara Stewart-Knox
- Division of Psychology, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Paul Connolly
- Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Lancaster University, FASS Building, Lancaster, LA1 4YL, UK
| | - Katrina Lloyd
- Centre for Evidence and Social Innovation, Queens University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT7 1NN, UK
| | - Laura Dunne
- Centre for Evidence and Social Innovation, Queens University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT7 1NN, UK
| | - Brendan Bunting
- Psychology Research Institute, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, BT52 1SA, UK
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Costa D, Cunha M, Ferreira C, Gama A, Machado-Rodrigues AM, Rosado-Marques V, Mendes LL, Nogueira H, Pessoa M, Silva MRG, Velasquez-Melendez G, Padez C. Socioeconomic inequalities in children's health-related quality of life according to weight status. Am J Hum Biol 2020; 33:e23453. [PMID: 32578372 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study explores the association between socioeconomic position (SEP) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among Portuguese children according to their weight status. METHODS A total of 1215 primary school-aged children (mean age 8.78 years) from three Portuguese districts (Lisbon, Porto, Coimbra) were assessed during 2016/2017. Father and mother's education (low, medium, high) and work status (employed, unemployed/retired) were used as SEP indicators. Self-reported HRQoL was assessed with the KIDSCREEN-27. Height and weight were objectively measured and body mass index categorized in normal, overweight or obese. Age, sex, and district-adjusted linear regression models were fitted to estimate associations between SEP indicators and HRQoL dimensions, according to weight status. RESULTS We found that 24.9% of children were categorized as having overweight/obesity. The mean scores of the Physical Well-Being, and School Environment dimensions of HRQoL were lower among children classified with overweight/obesity compared to children with normal weight (57.21 vs 54.11, P < .001 and 57.85 vs 56.04, P = .010, respectively). Father's education was significantly associated with all HRQoL dimensions in children with a normal weight, but the same was not observed among children presenting overweight/obesity. An increase in the level of maternal education was also significantly associated with all HRQoL dimensions among children classified with a normal weight, and only for the School Environment dimension among children classified with overweight/obesity. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest the presence of socioeconomic inequalities in self-reported HRQoL from early age, particularly among children with normal weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Costa
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marina Cunha
- CINEICC - Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Ferreira
- CINEICC - Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Augusta Gama
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Aristides M Machado-Rodrigues
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,High School of Education, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Vítor Rosado-Marques
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Larissa L Mendes
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Helena Nogueira
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Geography and Tourism, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Milene Pessoa
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maria-Raquel G Silva
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Gustavo Velasquez-Melendez
- Departamento de Enfermagem Materno-Infantil e Saúde Pública, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Cristina Padez
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Rounsefell K, Gibson S, McLean S, Blair M, Molenaar A, Brennan L, Truby H, McCaffrey TA. Social media, body image and food choices in healthy young adults: A mixed methods systematic review. Nutr Diet 2020; 77:19-40. [PMID: 31583837 PMCID: PMC7384161 DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM Negative body image increases the risk of engaging in unhealthy dieting and disordered eating patterns. This review evaluated the impact of habitual social media engagement or exposure to image-related content on body image and food choices in healthy young adults (18-30 years). METHODS A systematic search of six databases of observational literature published 2005-2019, was conducted (PROSPERO Registration No. CRD42016036588). Inclusion criteria were: studies reporting social media engagement (posting, liking, commenting) or exposure to image-related content in healthy young adults. Outcomes were: body image (satisfaction or dissatisfaction) and food choices (healthy eating, dieting/restricting, overeating/binging). Two authors independently screened, coded and evaluated studies for methodological quality. RESULTS Thirty studies were identified (n = 11 125 participants). Quantitative analysis (n = 26) identified social media engagement or exposure to image-related content was associated with higher body dissatisfaction, dieting/restricting food, overeating, and choosing healthy foods. Qualitative analysis (n = 4) identified five themes: (i) social media encourages comparison between users, (ii) comparisons heighten feelings about the body, (iii) young adults modify their appearance to portray a perceived ideal image, (iv) young adults are aware of social media's impact on body image and food choices, however, (v) external validation via social media is pursued. Most studies (n = 17) controlled for some confounding variables (age, gender, BMI, ethnicity). CONCLUSIONS Social media engagement or exposure to image-related content may negatively impact body image and food choice in some healthy young adults. Health professionals designing social media campaigns for young adults should consider image-related content, to not heighten body dissatisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Rounsefell
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and FoodMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Simone Gibson
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and FoodMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Siân McLean
- Institute for Health and SportVictoria UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- School of Psychology and Public HealthLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Merran Blair
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and FoodMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Annika Molenaar
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and FoodMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Linda Brennan
- School of Media and Communication, RMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Helen Truby
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and FoodMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Tracy A. McCaffrey
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and FoodMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
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Xiao J, Huang B, Shen H, Liu X, Zhang J, Zhong Y, Wu C, Hua T, Gao Y. Association between social support and health-related quality of life among Chinese seafarers: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187275. [PMID: 29176809 PMCID: PMC5703501 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seafarers have reported impaired health and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Social support might increase HRQOL, but little is known about this association among Chinese seafarers. The aim of this study was to describe social support and explore its association with HRQOL among Chinese seafarers. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the ports of Nantong and Rugao, China, from April to December 2013. A total of 917 Chinese seafarers were interviewed on social support, mental distress, perceived occupational stress, and HRQOL using the following self-administered questionnaires: The Social Support Rating Scale, Self-rating Depression Scale, Occupational Stress Questionnaire, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire. Hierarchical linear regression modelling was used to analyze the association between seafarers' subjective level of social support and their HRQOL. RESULTS Of the 917 male Chinese seafarers included in the study, 40.7% perceived high levels of social support, and 39.1% were highly satisfied with their overall quality of life (QOL). Hierarchical regression analysis showed significant associations between level of social support and all health dimensions in the WHOQOL-BREF, even after adjusting for depressive symptoms, occupational stress, occupational activities, sleep duration, and other relevant covariates. Compared with the medium or low level social support group, seafarers with a high level of social support had better QOL scores in the general facet health and QOL (β = 2.43, p<0.05), and the physical health (β = 3.23, p<0.001), psychological health (β = 5.56, p<0.001), social relation (β = 6.07, p<0.001), and environment domains (β = 4.27, p<0.001). In addition, depression, occupational stress, occupational activities, and sleep duration were found to be determinants of seafarers' HRQOL. CONCLUSIONS Chinese seafarers have poorer HRQOL than the general population, but social support has a significant positive effect on their HRQOL. Efforts to improve social support should be undertaken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Binjun Huang
- Department of Health Promotion, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huan Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiuli Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Health, Nantong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaqing Zhong
- Department of Health Management, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuanli Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianqi Hua
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuexia Gao
- Department of Health Management, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
- * E-mail:
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Archuleta M, VanLeeuwen D, Turner C. Fit Families Program Improves Self-Perception in Children. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2016; 48:392-396.e1. [PMID: 27106778 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of the Fit Families youth weight management program on self-perception of participants. METHODS Fit Families was delivered through Cooperative Extension and provided education to overweight and obese children and their families on healthful eating and physical activity along with building self-esteem and social competence. At the beginning and end of the 7-week program, a convenience sample of 46 youth completed the Self-Perception Profile for Children questionnaire to evaluate changes in self-perception. RESULTS Youth had improved self-perception in the areas of athletic competence (P = .04) and physical appearance (P = .007) after participating in Fit Families. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Fit Families provides a holistic approach to weight management that promotes positive self-perception, which may decrease the burden of depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem obese youth face.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Archuleta
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Salt Lake City, UT.
| | - Dawn VanLeeuwen
- Department of Economics, Applied Statistics and International Business, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM
| | - Carol Turner
- Food and Nutrition Services, Memorial Medical Center, Las Cruces, NM
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