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Carniello V, Peterson BW, van der Mei HC, Busscher HJ. Physico-chemistry from initial bacterial adhesion to surface-programmed biofilm growth. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 261:1-14. [PMID: 30376953 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm formation is initiated by adhesion of individual bacteria to a surface. However, surface adhesion alone is not sufficient to form the complex community architecture of a biofilm. Surface-sensing creates bacterial awareness of their adhering state on the surface and is essential to initiate the phenotypic and genotypic changes that characterize the transition from initial bacterial adhesion to a biofilm. Physico-chemistry has been frequently applied to explain initial bacterial adhesion phenomena, including bacterial mass transport, role of substratum surface properties in initial adhesion and the transition from reversible to irreversible adhesion. However, also emergent biofilm properties, such as production of extracellular-polymeric-substances (EPS), can be surface-programmed. This review presents a four-step, comprehensive description of the role of physico-chemistry from initial bacterial adhesion to surface-programmed biofilm growth: (1) bacterial mass transport towards a surface, (2) reversible bacterial adhesion and (3) transition to irreversible adhesion and (4) cell wall deformation and associated emergent properties. Bacterial transport mostly occurs from sedimentation or convective-diffusion, while initial bacterial adhesion can be described by surface thermodynamic and Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO)-analyses, considering bacteria as smooth, inert colloidal particles. DLVO-analyses however, require precise indication of the bacterial cell surface, which is impossible due to the presence of bacterial surface tethers, creating a multi-scale roughness that impedes proper definition of the interaction distance in DLVO-analyses. Application of surface thermodynamics is also difficult, because initial bacterial adhesion is only an equilibrium phenomenon for a short period of time, when bacteria are attached to a substratum surface through few surface tethers. Physico-chemical bond-strengthening occurs in several minutes leading to irreversible adhesion due to progressive removal of interfacial water, conformational changes in cell surface proteins, re-orientation of bacteria on a surface and the progressive involvement of more tethers in adhesion. After initial bond-strengthening, adhesion forces arising from a substratum surface cause nanoscopic deformation of the bacterial cell wall against the elasticity of the rigid peptidoglycan layer positioned in the cell wall and the intracellular pressure of the cytoplasm. Cell wall deformation not only increases the contact area with a substratum surface, presenting another physico-chemical bond-strengthening mechanism, but is also accompanied by membrane surface tension changes. Membrane-located sensor molecules subsequently react to control emergent phenotypic and genotypic properties in biofilms, most notably adhesion-associated ones like EPS production. Moreover, also bacterial efflux pump systems may be activated or mechano-sensitive channels may be opened upon adhesion-induced cell wall deformation. The physico-chemical properties of the substratum surface thus control the response of initially adhering bacteria and through excretion of autoinducer molecules extend the awareness of their adhering state to other biofilm inhabitants who subsequently respond with similar emergent properties. Herewith, physico-chemistry is not only involved in initial bacterial adhesion to surfaces but also in what we here propose to call "surface-programmed" biofilm growth. This conclusion is pivotal for the development of new strategies to control biofilm formation on substratum surfaces, that have hitherto been largely confined to the initial bacterial adhesion phenomena.
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Scarangella A, Soumbo M, Villeneuve-Faure C, Mlayah A, Bonafos C, Monje MC, Roques C, Makasheva K. Adsorption properties of BSA and DsRed proteins deposited on thin SiO 2 layers: optically non-absorbing versus absorbing proteins. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:115101. [PMID: 29318999 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaa68b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Protein adsorption on solid surfaces is of interest for many industrial and biomedical applications, where it represents the conditioning step for micro-organism adhesion and biofilm formation. To understand the driving forces of such an interaction we focus in this paper on the investigation of the adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) (optically non-absorbing, model protein) and DsRed (optically absorbing, naturally fluorescent protein) on silica surfaces. Specifically, we propose synthesis of thin protein layers by means of dip coating of the dielectric surface in protein solutions with different concentrations (0.01-5.0 g l-1). We employed spectroscopic ellipsometry as the most suitable and non-destructive technique for evaluation of the protein layers' thickness and optical properties (refractive index and extinction coefficient) after dehydration, using two different optical models, Cauchy for BSA and Lorentz for DsRed. We demonstrate that the thickness, the optical properties and the wettability of the thin protein layers can be finely controlled by proper tuning of the protein concentration in the solution. These results are correlated with the thin layer morphology, investigated by AFM, FTIR and PL analyses. It is shown that the proteins do not undergo denaturation after dehydration on the silica surface. The proteins arrange themselves in a lace-like network for BSA and in a rod-like structure for DsRed to form mono- and multi-layers, due to different mechanisms driving the organization stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Scarangella
- LAPLACE, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, INPT, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062, Toulouse, France. CEMES-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, BP 94347, F-31055, Toulouse, France. FERMaT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, INPT, INSA, Toulouse, France
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Castelain M, Duviau MP, Oxaran V, Schmitz P, Cocaign-Bousquet M, Loubière P, Piard JC, Mercier-Bonin M. Oligomerized backbone pilin helps piliated Lactococcus lactis to withstand shear flow. BIOFOULING 2016; 32:911-923. [PMID: 27472256 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2016.1213817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present work focuses on the role of pili present at the cell surface of Lactococcus lactis in bacterial adhesion to abiotic (hydrophobic polystyrene) and biotic (mucin-coated polystyrene) surfaces. Native pili-displaying strains and isogenic derivatives in which pilins or sortase C structural genes had been modified were used. Surface physico-chemistry, morphology and shear-flow-induced detachment of lactococcal cells were evaluated. The involvement of pili in L. lactis adhesion was clearly demonstrated, irrespective of the surface characteristics (hydrophobic/hydrophilic, presence or not of specific binding sites). The accessory pilin, PilC, and the backbone pilin, PilB, were revealed to play a major role in adhesion, provided that the PilB was present in its polymerized form. Within the population fraction that remained attached to the surface under increasing shear flow, different association behaviors were observed, showing that pili could serve as anchoring sites thus hampering the effect of shear flow on cell orientation and detachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickaël Castelain
- a LISBP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA , Toulouse , France
| | | | - Virginie Oxaran
- b Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay , Jouy-en-Josas , France
| | - Philippe Schmitz
- a LISBP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA , Toulouse , France
| | | | - Pascal Loubière
- a LISBP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA , Toulouse , France
| | - Jean-Christophe Piard
- b Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay , Jouy-en-Josas , France
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Hadjesfandiari N, Schubert P, Fallah Toosi S, Chen Z, Culibrk B, Ramirez-Arcos S, Devine DV, Brooks DE. Effect of texture of platelet bags on bacterial and platelet adhesion. Transfusion 2016; 56:2808-2818. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.13756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Narges Hadjesfandiari
- Department of Chemistry; Canadian Blood Services; Vancouver British Columbia
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Canadian Blood Services; Vancouver British Columbia
| | - Peter Schubert
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Canadian Blood Services; Vancouver British Columbia
- Centre for Innovation, Canadian Blood Services; Vancouver British Columbia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia
| | - Salma Fallah Toosi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; University of British Columbia; Vancouver Canada
| | - Zhongming Chen
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Canadian Blood Services; Vancouver British Columbia
- Centre for Innovation, Canadian Blood Services; Vancouver British Columbia
| | - Brankica Culibrk
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Canadian Blood Services; Vancouver British Columbia
- Centre for Innovation, Canadian Blood Services; Vancouver British Columbia
| | | | - Dana V. Devine
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Canadian Blood Services; Vancouver British Columbia
- Centre for Innovation, Canadian Blood Services; Vancouver British Columbia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia
| | - Donald E. Brooks
- Department of Chemistry; Canadian Blood Services; Vancouver British Columbia
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Canadian Blood Services; Vancouver British Columbia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia
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Le DTL, Tran TL, Duviau MP, Meyrand M, Guérardel Y, Castelain M, Loubière P, Chapot-Chartier MP, Dague E, Mercier-Bonin M. Unraveling the role of surface mucus-binding protein and pili in muco-adhesion of Lactococcus lactis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79850. [PMID: 24260308 PMCID: PMC3832589 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adhesion of bacteria to mucus may favor their persistence within the gut and their beneficial effects to the host. Interactions between pig gastric mucin (PGM) and a natural isolate of Lactococcus lactis (TIL448) were measured at the single-cell scale and under static conditions, using atomic force microscopy (AFM). In parallel, these interactions were monitored at the bacterial population level and under shear flow. AFM experiments with a L. lactis cell-probe and a PGM-coated surface revealed a high proportion of specific adhesive events (60%) and a low level of non-adhesive ones (2%). The strain muco-adhesive properties were confirmed by the weak detachment of bacteria from the PGM-coated surface under shear flow. In AFM, rupture events were detected at short (100−200 nm) and long distances (up to 600−800 nm). AFM measurements on pili and mucus-binding protein defective mutants demonstrated the comparable role played by these two surface proteinaceous components in adhesion to PGM under static conditions. Under shear flow, a more important contribution of the mucus-binding protein than the pili one was observed. Both methods differ by the way of probing the adhesion force, i.e. negative force contact vs. sedimentation and normal-to-substratum retraction vs. tangential detachment conditions, using AFM and flow chamber, respectively. AFM blocking assays with free PGM or O-glycan fractions purified from PGM demonstrated that neutral oligosaccharides played a major role in adhesion of L. lactis TIL448 to PGM. This study dissects L. lactis muco-adhesive phenotype, in relation with the nature of the bacterial surface determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doan Thanh Lam Le
- Université de Toulouse; INSA,UPS, INP; LISBP, Toulouse, France
- INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, UMR5504, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, LAAS, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, ITAV-UMS3039, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, LAAS, Toulouse, France
| | - Thi-Ly Tran
- Université de Toulouse; INSA,UPS, INP; LISBP, Toulouse, France
- INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, UMR5504, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Duviau
- Université de Toulouse; INSA,UPS, INP; LISBP, Toulouse, France
- INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, UMR5504, Toulouse, France
| | - Mickael Meyrand
- INRA, UMR1319 Micalis, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- AgroParisTech, UMR Micalis, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Yann Guérardel
- Université de Lille1, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UGSF, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
- CNRS, UMR 8576, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Mickaël Castelain
- Université de Toulouse; INSA,UPS, INP; LISBP, Toulouse, France
- INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, UMR5504, Toulouse, France
| | - Pascal Loubière
- Université de Toulouse; INSA,UPS, INP; LISBP, Toulouse, France
- INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, UMR5504, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Etienne Dague
- CNRS, LAAS, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, ITAV-UMS3039, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, LAAS, Toulouse, France
- * E-mail: (MMB); (ED)
| | - Muriel Mercier-Bonin
- Université de Toulouse; INSA,UPS, INP; LISBP, Toulouse, France
- INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, UMR5504, Toulouse, France
- * E-mail: (MMB); (ED)
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