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Malik A, Kashyap HK. Solvation Shell Structures of Ammonia in Reline and Ethaline Deep Eutectic Solvents. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:2499-2510. [PMID: 36912865 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c07929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Because of increasing atmospheric anthropogenic ammonia (NH3) emission, researchers are devising new techniques to capture NH3. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are found as potential media for NH3 mitigation. In the present study, we have carried out ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations to decipher the solvation shell structures of an ammonia solute in reline (1:2 mixture of choline chloride and urea) and ethaline (1:2 mixture of choline chloride and ethylene glycol) DESs. We aim to resolve the fundamental interactions which help stabilize NH3 in these DESs, focusing on the structural arrangement of the DES species in the nearest solvation shell around NH3 solute. In reline, the hydrogen atoms of NH3 are preferentially solvated by chloride anions and the carbonyl oxygen atoms of urea. The nitrogen atom of NH3 renders hydrogen bonding with hydroxyl hydrogen of the choline cation. The positively charged head groups of the choline cations prefer to stay away from NH3 solute. In ethaline, strong hydrogen bonding interaction exists between the nitrogen atom of NH3 and hydroxyl hydrogen atoms of ethylene glycol. The hydrogen atoms of NH3 are found to be solvated by hydroxyl oxygen atoms of ethylene glycol and choline cation. While ethylene glycol molecules play a crucial role in solvating NH3, the chloride anions remain passive in deciding the first solvation shell. In both the DESs, choline cations approach NH3 from their hydroxyl group side. We observe slightly stronger solute-solvent charge transfer and hydrogen bonding interaction in ethaline than those in reline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Malik
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Hemant K Kashyap
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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Neufeld O, Nourbakhsh Z, Tancogne-Dejean N, Rubio A. Ab Initio Cluster Approach for High Harmonic Generation in Liquids. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:4117-4126. [PMID: 35699241 PMCID: PMC9281394 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
High harmonic generation (HHG) takes place in all phases of matter. In gaseous atomic and molecular media, it has been extensively studied and is very well understood. In solids, research is ongoing, but a consensus is forming for the dominant microscopic HHG mechanisms. In liquids, on the other hand, no established theory yet exists, and approaches developed for gases and solids are generally inapplicable, hindering our current understanding. We develop here a powerful and reliable ab initio cluster-based approach for describing the nonlinear interactions between isotropic bulk liquids and intense laser pulses. The scheme is based on time-dependent density functional theory and utilizes several approximations that make it feasible yet accurate in realistic systems. We demonstrate our approach with HHG calculations in water, ammonia, and methane liquids and compare the characteristic response of polar and nonpolar liquids. We identify unique features in the HHG spectra of liquid methane that could be utilized for ultrafast spectroscopy of its chemical and physical properties, including a structural minimum at 15-17 eV that is associated solely with the liquid phase. Our results pave the way to accessible calculations of HHG in liquids and illustrate the unique nonlinear nature of liquid systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofer Neufeld
- Max
Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center
for Free-Electron Laser Science, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Zahra Nourbakhsh
- Max
Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center
for Free-Electron Laser Science, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Nicolas Tancogne-Dejean
- Max
Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center
for Free-Electron Laser Science, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Angel Rubio
- Max
Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center
for Free-Electron Laser Science, Hamburg 22761, Germany
- Center
for Computational Quantum Physics (CCQ), The Flatiron Institute, New York, New York 10010, United States
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Schewe HC, Muchová E, Belina M, Buttersack T, Stemer D, Seidel R, Thürmer S, Slavíček P, Winter B. Observation of intermolecular Coulombic decay and shake-up satellites in liquid ammonia. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2022; 9:044901. [PMID: 35982825 PMCID: PMC9380002 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We report the first nitrogen 1s Auger-Meitner electron spectrum from a liquid ammonia microjet at a temperature of ∼223 K (-50 °C) and compare it with the simultaneously measured spectrum for gas-phase ammonia. The spectra from both phases are interpreted with the assistance of high-level electronic structure and ab initio molecular dynamics calculations. In addition to the regular Auger-Meitner-electron features, we observe electron emission at kinetic energies of 374-388 eV, above the leading Auger-Meitner peak (3a1 2). Based on the electronic structure calculations, we assign this peak to a shake-up satellite in the gas phase, i.e., Auger-Meitner emission from an intermediate state with additional valence excitation present. The high-energy contribution is significantly enhanced in the liquid phase. We consider various mechanisms contributing to this feature. First, in analogy with other hydrogen-bonded liquids (noticeably water), the high-energy signal may be a signature for an ultrafast proton transfer taking place before the electronic decay (proton transfer mediated charge separation). The ab initio dynamical calculations show, however, that such a process is much slower than electronic decay and is, thus, very unlikely. Next, we consider a non-local version of the Auger-Meitner decay, the Intermolecular Coulombic Decay. The electronic structure calculations support an important contribution of this purely electronic mechanism. Finally, we discuss a non-local enhancement of the shake-up processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanns Christian Schewe
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nam.2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Muchová
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Prague 6, 16628, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Belina
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Prague 6, 16628, Czech Republic
| | - Tillmann Buttersack
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominik Stemer
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Stephan Thürmer
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Petr Slavíček
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Prague 6, 16628, Czech Republic
| | - Bernd Winter
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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