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Mobasseri K, Matlabi H, Allahverdipour H, Kousha A. Home-based supportive and health care services based on functional ability in older adults in Iran. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2024; 13:124. [PMID: 38784273 PMCID: PMC11114482 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_422_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Home-based care is affordable due to population aging, increased chronic disease, and higher hospitalization costs. The objective was to evaluate home-based supportive and health care services provided to older adults and identify possible associations between activities of daily living (ADLs), instrumental ADL (IADLs) classifications, sociodemographic variables, clinical characteristics, and perceived social support among older adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 700 people aged 60 years and older were selected by stratified cluster sampling. Areas of Tabriz City were selected as clusters, and 55 comprehensive urban health centers were selected as stratifies. Chi-square, Pearson's and Spearman's tests, and multiple linear regression were used for statistical analyses. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 24.0, SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA). The study instrument included demographic characteristics of older adults and caregivers, health services provided at home, and two valid questionnaires, including the KATZ index of independence in (instrumental) activities of daily living and a multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Scores on scales and demographic variables were collected during telephone interviews. The study lasted from April 25, 2022, to October 30, 2022. RESULTS A high level of perceived social support was 56.6%. The study found that 51.3% of participants had family caregivers. Most participants had ADL independence (85.4%), while 22.9% and 24.3% were dependent and needed assistance with IADL, respectively. Women had a lower ADL score and a higher IADL score than men (P < 0.05). The obtained results of multiple regression analysis revealed a negative and significant association between unemployment, illiteracy, increasing age, five and more medications, and ADL and IADL dependency (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Empowering older adults to reduce dependency, and designing a formal home-based care system is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khorshid Mobasseri
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Geriatric Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Matlabi
- Department of Geriatric Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Allahverdipour
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Kousha
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Li R, Cheng X, Yang Y, Schwebel DC, Ning P, Li L, Rao Z, Cheng P, Zhao M, Hu G. Global Deaths Associated with Population Aging - 1990-2019. China CDC Wkly 2023; 5:1150-1154. [PMID: 38152634 PMCID: PMC10750162 DOI: 10.46234/ccdcw2023.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Published global and country-specific deaths associated with population aging are based on decomposition methods that have significant limitations. Methods A new decomposition method was developed and its performance was compared with two frequently used methods. The new method was employed to calculate global deaths associated with population aging between 1990 and 2019, using estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019). Results Compared to the two frequently-used existing methods, the new decomposition method generated results that are more consistent with logical expectations. Using the new method, the number of global deaths associated with population aging between 1990 and 2019 was 23.3 million. Upper middle-income countries accounted for 43% of global deaths related to population aging. The most deaths associated with population aging occurred from three types of disease: ischemic heart disease (5.0 million), stroke (3.8 million), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2.2 million). China, India, Japan, the United States of America, and Brazil had the largest number of deaths related to population aging. Loss related to population aging was completely or partially counteracted by the reduction in mortality in 195 of the 200 countries and territories experiencing population aging (97.5%). Conclusions The new decomposition method achieves more justifiable results associated with population aging than existing methods. Globally, population aging was associated with a substantial increase of deaths between 1990 and 2019, but it was totally or partially offset by the reduction in mortality in 97.5% of countries and territories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruotong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xunjie Cheng
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Statistics, Franklin College of Arts and Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - David C. Schwebel
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Peishan Ning
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhenzhen Rao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Peixia Cheng
- Department of Child, Adolescent and Women’s Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Guoqing Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
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Mobasseri K, Kousha A, Allahverdipour H, Matlabi H. Developing a comprehensive model of home-based formal care for elderly adults in Iran: A study protocol. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284462. [PMID: 37552674 PMCID: PMC10409284 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the increasing Iran's aging population, designing a home care model is necessary. However, the data on designing the home care model for elderly adults among developing countries are limited. This study will be carried out to develop a formal home-based care model for elderly adults in Iran. METHODS This multi-method study will include three phases: First, Mixed-methods sequential explanatory study including two steps: One, survey to determine the prevalence of dependence on formal and informal caregivers among people aged ≥ 60 years living in Tabriz metropolis; and two, content analysis approach includes face-to-face, semi-structured interviews with the older adults receiving formal care at home, their caregivers and relevant key informants on the characteristics of care and caregiver, challenges and expectations of standard care. In phase 2, a scoping review will be used to find out the components of home care in other countries, such as care provider organization, caregivers training, and financing. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, Google scholar databases and grey literature will be run to retrieve relevant evidence using proper MeSH terms. In phase3, the triangulation method (using the results of the previous phases, reviewing national upstream documents and the focus group discussion) will be done to reach consensus and design the initial model for the Iranian context. In the following, a Delphi study will be conducted on the validation and feasibility of the developed model. DISCUSSION The current health infrastructure in Iran is focused on caring for younger people, despite the near future population aging. Most studies have addressed the challenges of geriatric care, but no study has addressed the various dimensions of home care in Iran and how to provide this service to elderly adults. Providing a comprehensive model of home care for the elderly can improve the quality of life and satisfaction of the elderly and their caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khorshid Mobasseri
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Geriatric Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Kousha
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Allahverdipour
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Matlabi
- Department of Geriatric Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Giang LT, Nguyen NT, Pham TTH, Phi PM. Factors associated with receipt of informal care among the Vietnamese older persons: Evidence from a national survey. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1065851. [PMID: 36969636 PMCID: PMC10031064 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1065851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe rapidly growing older population in Vietnam poses an increasing need for care among the older persons, who have mainly relied on informal care at homes and communities. This study examined the Vietnamese older persons' individual and household factors determining their receipt of informal care.MethodsThis study provided cross-tabulations and multivariable regression analyses to identify who provided assistance to the Vietnamese older people along with their individual and household characteristics.DataThe nationally representative survey on older persons, namely Vietnam Aging Survey (VNAS) in 2011 was used in this study.ResultsWe found that proportions of older persons having difficulty in activities of daily living (ADLs) were different in regard to their age, sex, marital status, health status, working status, and living arrangements. In care provision, gender differences were clear, in which females generally had significantly higher rates of providing care to older persons than their male counterparts.ConclusionCare for older persons in Vietnam has been mainly provided by their families, and thus changes in socio-economic, demographic factors along with differences among generations in family values will be a key challenge to maintain such care arrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Thanh Giang
- National Economics University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- *Correspondence: Long Thanh Giang
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Multidimensional poverty index: a multilevel analysis of deprivation among Iranian older adults. AGEING & SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1017/s0144686x2200023x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Although the older adult population faces a higher risk of poverty compared to others, there is no clear picture of their poverty in Iran. The aim of this study was to measure multidimensional poverty and its related factors among Iranian older adults. This cross-sectional study was conducted from July to November 2019 and collected data by interviewing 1,280 participants in Tehran, Iran. To compute multidimensional poverty, four dimensions were used: health (disabilities), education, housing and standard of living. Single and multidimensional poverty and the joint distribution of deprivation were calculated. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to determine the relationship between predictor variables and outcome (multidimensional poverty). Multidimensional poverty among Tehran's older people was 59.0 per cent. The prevalence of health, housing, education and standard of living deprivations were 15.4, 25.3, 29.5 and 29.9 per cent, respectively. Furthermore, multivariate analysis shows that living with a spouse, being employed, and having health and social insurance coverage were protective factors, while being female was a risk factor for multidimensional poverty. Approximately 21 per cent of multidimensional poverty variance was attributed to the district level and the remaining was assigned to individual-level factors. This study showed that the older adults living in different areas of Tehran experience different aspects of poverty. So paying attention to the dimensions of multidimensional poverty can play an important role in customising the policies of each district. Also, the findings of this study on risk and protective factors of multidimensional poverty can be effective in designing and implementing interventions to mitigate poverty among the older adults.
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