Measuring outcome expectancy value of leisure-time physical activity for African Americans

Predicting psychological factors affecting regular physical activity in hypertensive patients: Application of health action process approach model

Aim

The aim of this study was to determine the factors affecting the behaviour of regular physical activity in patients with hypertension using the health action process approach (HAPA) model.

Design

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 176 hypertension patients, in Astaneh-e-Ashrafiyeh, Guilan, Iran, 2018-2019.

Methods

Data collection tools included demographic characteristics, medical history, the short form of International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and scales related to the HAPA model. The data were analysed using chi-square, independent t test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient and path analysis on AMOS, version 23.0.

Results

Action self-efficacy (β = 0.59), outcome expectancy (β = 0.20) and risk perception (β = 0.18) had a statistically significant effect on intention. Moreover, the path coefficient between intention (β = 0.35) and coping self-efficacy (β = 0.29) with physical activity was statistically significant. The results revealed that HAPA constructs were able to describe 45% of the variance in intention and 31% of the variance in physical activity behaviour.

Conclusion

The HAPA model is a useful framework for describing the factors affecting physical activity in hypertension patients.

Mediating Mechanisms in a Physical Activity Intervention: A Test of Habit Formation

BACKGROUND

A recent randomized controlled trial found that an intervention focused on developing an exercise habit increased weekly minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) over 8 wk compared to a control group. The purpose of the current study was to test if changes in habit, as well as other behavioral strategy constructs from the Multi-Process Action Control Test, mediated between group condition and MVPA (self-report and accelerometry).

METHODS

Inactive new gym members (N = 94) were randomized into control or experimental (habit-building) groups.

RESULTS

No construct entirely explained mediation condition (experimental and control) and changes in MVPA measured by accelerometry. Self-report MVPA found affective judgments, behavioral regulation, and preparatory habit to be mediated between group (experimental/control conditions) and changes in behavior (β = 0.36, 95% confidence interval [.05-.78]).

CONCLUSIONS

Self-reported and objectively measured behavior models demonstrated complete and partial mediation, respectively. New gym members could benefit from successful behavioral enactment by developing constructs to support habit formation.