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Miyata S, Kodaka M, Kikuchi A, Matsunaga Y, Shoji K, Kuan YC, Iwase M, Takeda K, Katsuta R, Ishigami K, Matsumoto Y, Suzuki T, Yamamoto Y, Sato R, Inoue J. Sulforaphane suppresses the activity of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) by promoting SREBP precursor degradation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8715. [PMID: 35610278 PMCID: PMC9130306 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12347-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) are transcription factors that regulate various genes involved in cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis. In this study, we describe that naturally occurring isothiocyanate sulforaphane (SFaN) impairs fatty acid synthase promoter activity and reduces SREBP target gene (e.g., fatty acid synthase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1) expression in human hepatoma Huh-7 cells. SFaN reduced SREBP proteins by promoting the degradation of the SREBP precursor. Amino acids 595–784 of SREBP-1a were essential for SFaN-mediated SREBP-1a degradation. We also found that such SREBP-1 degradation occurs independently of the SREBP cleavage-activating protein and the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway. This study identifies SFaN as an SREBP inhibitor and provides evidence that SFaN could have major potential as a pharmaceutical preparation against hepatic steatosis and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Miyata
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Manami Kodaka
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Biosciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| | - Akito Kikuchi
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Biosciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| | - Yuki Matsunaga
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Biosciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| | - Kenta Shoji
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Biosciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| | - Yen-Chou Kuan
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.,Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Masamori Iwase
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Keita Takeda
- Department of Chemistry for Life Sciences and Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| | - Ryo Katsuta
- Department of Chemistry for Life Sciences and Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| | - Ken Ishigami
- Department of Chemistry for Life Sciences and Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| | - Yu Matsumoto
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Biosciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Suzuki
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Biosciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| | - Yuji Yamamoto
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Biosciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Sato
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
| | - Jun Inoue
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Biosciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan.
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Kamal RM, Abdull Razis AF, Mohd Sukri NS, Perimal EK, Ahmad H, Patrick R, Djedaini-Pilard F, Mazzon E, Rigaud S. Beneficial Health Effects of Glucosinolates-Derived Isothiocyanates on Cardiovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030624. [PMID: 35163897 PMCID: PMC8838317 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are illnesses that affect the nervous system and heart, all of which are vital to the human body. To maintain health of the human body, vegetable diets serve as a preventive approach and particularly Brassica vegetables have been associated with lower risks of chronic diseases, especially NDDs and CVDs. Interestingly, glucosinolates (GLs) and isothiocyanates (ITCs) are phytochemicals that are mostly found in the Cruciferae family and they have been largely documented as antioxidants contributing to both cardio- and neuroprotective effects. The hydrolytic breakdown of GLs into ITCs such as sulforaphane (SFN), phenylethyl ITC (PEITC), moringin (MG), erucin (ER), and allyl ITC (AITC) has been recognized to exert significant effects with regards to cardio- and neuroprotection. From past in vivo and/or in vitro studies, those phytochemicals have displayed the ability to mitigate the adverse effects of reactive oxidation species (ROS), inflammation, and apoptosis, which are the primary causes of CVDs and NDDs. This review focuses on the protective effects of those GL-derived ITCs, featuring their beneficial effects and the mechanisms behind those effects in CVDs and NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramla Muhammad Kamal
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University Dutse, Dutse 720101, Jigawa State, Nigeria
| | - Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
| | - Nurul Syafuhah Mohd Sukri
- Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat 86400, Johor, Malaysia;
| | - Enoch Kumar Perimal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Hafandi Ahmad
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Rollin Patrick
- Université d’Orléans et CNRS, ICOA, UMR 7311, BP 6759, CEDEX 02, F-45067 Orléans, France;
| | - Florence Djedaini-Pilard
- LG2A UMR 7378, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 33 rue Saint Leu—UFR des Sciences, F-80000 Amiens, France; (F.D.-P.); (S.R.)
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- Laboratorio di Neurologia Sperimentale, IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo", 98124 Messina, Italy;
| | - Sébastien Rigaud
- LG2A UMR 7378, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 33 rue Saint Leu—UFR des Sciences, F-80000 Amiens, France; (F.D.-P.); (S.R.)
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Okulicz M, Hertig I, Szkudelski T. Differentiated Effects of Allyl Isothiocyanate in Diabetic Rats: From Toxic to Beneficial Action. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 14:toxins14010003. [PMID: 35050980 PMCID: PMC8780617 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), a constituent of Brassica family plants, has been reported to possess a high bioactivity in animal and human cells, showing ambiguous properties from adverse to beneficial ones. It was reported its genotoxic, carcinogenic, goitrogenic effects. On the other side, AITC has shown anti-cancer, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, and lately anti-obesity abilities. So far, its anti-diabetic effects are poorly explored. We tried to assess AITC action on carbohydrate, lipid and hormonal disorders in high fat diet-fed/streptozotocin diabetic rats. In this report, diabetic rats were treated intragastrically at doses 2.5, 5 and 25 mg/kg b.w./day of AITC for 2 weeks. Irrespectively of doses, AITC considerably lowered thyroid hormones (fT4, fT3), increased liver TG content, and also caused robust LDL-cholesterol and direct bilirubin concentration enhancement. Moreover, AITC at the highest dose caused pancreatic amylase and lipase drops and thyroid gland hypertrophy. AITC at 2.5 and 5 mg significantly reduced blood glucose levels along with robust beta-hydroxybutyric acid drop. Additionally, AITC at 5 mg improved insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR index) in spite of reduced blood insulin. To conclude, despite amelioration of diabetic hyperglycemia by AITC, the adverse lipids and hormonal effects may exclude its use as a health-promoting compound in terms of anti-diabetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Okulicz
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-61-8487196; Fax: +48-61-8487197
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Effects of allyl isothiocyanate on the expression, function, and its mechanism of ABCA1 and ABCG1 in pulmonary of COPD rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108373. [PMID: 34802946 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Allyl isothiocyanate(AITC) has been shown to play an important role in the improved symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) and the inhibition of inflammation, but the role in COPD lipid metabolism disorder and the molecular mechanism remains unclear. We aimed to explore whether and how AITC affects COPD by regulating lipid metabolism and inflammatory response. METHODS The COPD rat model was established by cigarette smoke exposure. Cigarette smoke extract stimulated 16HBE cells to induce a cell model. The effect of AITC treatment was detected by lung function test, H&E staining, Oil red O staining, immunohistochemistry, ELISA, CCK-8, HPLC, fluorescence efflux test, siRNA, RT-PCR, and Western blotting. Biological analysis was performed to analyze the results. Graphpad Prism 8.0 software was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS AITC can improve lung function and pathological injury in COPD rats. The levels of IL-1 β and TNF- α in the AITC treatment group were significantly lower than those in the model group(P < 0.05), and the lipid metabolism was also improved (P < 0.05). AITC reverses CSE-induced down-regulation of LXR α, ABCA1, and ABCG1 expression and function in a time-and concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.05). AITC regulates the cholesterol metabolism disorder induced by CSE in NR8383 cells and attenuates macrophage inflammation (P < 0.05). In addition, after silencing LXR α with siRNA, the effect of AITC was also inhibited. CONCLUSION These results suggest that AITC improves COPD by promoting RCT process and reducing inflammatory response via activating LXR pathways.
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Liu X, Shen J, Zong J, Liu J, Jin Y. Beta-Sitosterol Promotes Milk Protein and Fat Syntheses-Related Genes in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113238. [PMID: 34827970 PMCID: PMC8614283 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The levels of milk fats and proteins are important indexes used to evaluate milk quality. Generally, feed additives are used to improve milk quality. This study aimed to investigate the effect of β-sitosterol on milk fat and protein gene expression in bovine mammary epithelial cells. β-sitosterol increased the β-casein levels in bovine mammary epithelial cells and promoted the expression of milk fat and protein synthesis-related genes, suggesting the use of β-sitosterol as a potential feed additive to improve milk quality in dairy cows. Abstract β-sitosterol, a phytosterol with multiple biological activities, has been used in the pharmaceutical industry. However, there are only a few reports on the use of β-sitosterol in improving milk synthesis in dairy cows. This study aimed to investigate the effects of β-sitosterol on milk fat and protein syntheses in bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T) and its regulatory mechanism. MAC-T cells were treated with different concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 1, 5, 10, 20, 30, or 40 μM) of β-sitosterol, and the expression levels of milk protein and fat synthesis-related genes and proteins were analyzed. β-sitosterol at 0.1, 1, and 10 μM concentrations promoted the mRNA and protein expression of β-casein. β-sitosterol (0.1, 1, 10 μM) increased the mRNA and protein expression levels of signal transducer activator of transcription 5 (STAT5), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 (S6K1) of the JAK2/STAT5 and mTOR signaling pathways. It also stimulated the milk fat synthesis-related factors, including sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and stearyl CoA desaturase (SCD). β-sitosterol (0.1, 1, 10 μM) also significantly increased the expression of growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 (GH/IGF-1) axis and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)-related genes. Notably, the compound inhibited the expression of the negative regulator, the suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) at the two lower concentrations (0.1, 1 μM), but significantly promoted the expression at the highest concentration (30 μM). These results highlight the role of β-sitosterol at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 10 μM in improving milk protein and fat syntheses, regulating milk quality. Therefore, β-sitosterol can be used as a potential feed additive to improve milk quality in dairy cows.
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Li CX, Gao JG, Wan XY, Chen Y, Xu CF, Feng ZM, Zeng H, Lin YM, Ma H, Xu P, Yu CH, Li YM. Allyl isothiocyanate ameliorates lipid accumulation and inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via the Sirt1/AMPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:5120-5133. [PMID: 31558861 PMCID: PMC6747284 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i34.5120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), a classic anti-inflammatory and antitumorigenic agent, was recently identified as a potential treatment for obesity and insulin resistance. However, little is known about its direct impact on the liver.
AIM To investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of AITC in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (commonly referred to as NAFLD).
METHODS To establish a mouse and cellular model of NAFLD, C57BL/6 mice were fed a high fat diet (HFD) for 8 wk, and AML-12 cells were treated with 200 μM palmitate acid for 24 h. For AITC treatment, mice were administered AITC (100 mg/kg/d) orally and AML-12 cells were treated with AITC (20 μmol/L).
RESULTS AITC significantly ameliorated HFD-induced weight gain, hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation in vivo. Furthermore, serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels were markedly reduced in AITC-treated mice. Mechanistically, AITC significantly downregulated the protein levels of sterol regulatory elementbinding protein 1 (SREBP1) and its lipogenesis target genes and upregulated the levels of proteins involved in fatty acid β-oxidation, as well as the upstream mediators Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) and AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα), in the livers of HFD-fed mice. AITC also attenuated the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Consistently, AITC relieved palmitate acid-induced lipid accumulation and inflammation in AML-12 cells in vitro through the Sirt1/AMPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Importantly, further studies showed that the curative effect of AITC on lipid accumulation was abolished by siRNA-mediated knockdown of either Sirt1 or AMPKα in AML-12 cells.
CONCLUSION AITC significantly ameliorates hepatic steatosis and inflammation by activating the Sirt1/AMPK pathway and inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. Therefore, AITC is a potential therapeutic agent for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Xiao Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jian-Guo Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xing-Yong Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Cheng-Fu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ze-Min Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hang Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Ming Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Han Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chao-Hui Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - You-Ming Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
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Iwase M, Watanabe K, Shimizu M, Suzuki T, Yamamoto Y, Inoue J, Sato R. Chrysin reduces the activity and protein level of mature forms of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2019; 83:1740-1746. [PMID: 31021712 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2019.1608806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) are transcription factors that regulate the expression of genes involved in fatty acid and cholesterol biosynthetic pathways. The present study showed that the flavonoid chrysin impairs the fatty acid synthase promoter. Chrysin reduces the expression of SREBP target genes, such as fatty acid synthase, in human hepatoma Huh-7 cells and impairs de novo synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol. Moreover, it reduces the endogenous mature, transcriptionally active forms of SREBPs, which are generated by the proteolytic processing of precursor forms. In addition, chrysin reduces the enforced expressing mature forms of SREBPs and their transcriptional activity. The ubiquitin-proteasome system is not involved in the chrysin-mediated reduction of SREBPs mature forms. These results suggest that chrysin suppresses SREBP activity, at least partially, via the degradation of SREBPs mature forms. Abbreviations: ACC1: acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1; DMEM: Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium; FAS: fatty acid synthase; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; 25-HC: 25-hydroxycholesterol; HMGCS: HMG-CoA synthase; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; LPDS: lipoprotein-deficient serum; PI3K: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; SCD1: stearoyl-CoA desaturase; SREBPs: sterol regulatory element-binding proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masamori Iwase
- a Food Biochemistry laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Kyoko Watanabe
- b Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Biosciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Makoto Shimizu
- a Food Biochemistry laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Tsukasa Suzuki
- b Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Biosciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Yuji Yamamoto
- b Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Biosciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Jun Inoue
- a Food Biochemistry laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.,b Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Biosciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Sato
- a Food Biochemistry laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.,c Nutri-Life Science laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
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Aguillín-Osma J, Loango-Chamorro N, Landazuri P. Modelos celulares hepáticos para el estudio del metabolismo de los lípidos. Revisión de literatura. REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE MEDICINA 2019. [DOI: 10.15446/revfacmed.v67n1.64964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introducción. El hígado juega un papel importante en la homeostasis lipídica, especialmente en la síntesis de ácidos grasos y triglicéridos. Una amplia variedad de modelos celulares ha sido utilizada para investigar el metabolismo lipídico hepático y para elucidar detalles específicos de los mecanismos bioquímicos del desarrollo y progresión de enfermedades relacionadas, brindando información para tratamientos que reduzcan su impacto. Los modelos celulares hepáticos poseen un alto potencial en la investigación del metabolismo de lípidos y de agentes farmacológicos o principios activos que permiten la reducción de la acumulación de lípidos.Objetivo. Comparar algunos modelos celulares hepáticos utilizados para el estudio del metabolismo lipídico, sus características y los resultados más relevantes de investigación en ellos.Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en bases de datos sobre los modelos celulares hepáticos de mayor uso para el estudio del metabolismo de lípidos.Resultados. Se exponen los cinco modelos celulares más utilizados para este tipo de investigaciones, destacando su origen, aplicación, ventajas y desventajas al momento de estimular el metabolismo lipídico.Conclusión. Para seleccionar el modelo celular, el investigador debe tener en cuenta cuáles son los requerimientos y el proceso que desea evidenciar, sin olvidar que los resultados obtenidos solo serán aproximaciones de lo que en realidad podría suceder a nivel del hígado como órgano.
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Akagi JI, Cho YM, Mizuta Y, Toyoda T, Ogawa K. Subchronic toxicity evaluation of 5-hexenyl isothiocyanate, a nature identical flavoring substance from Wasabia japonica, in F344/DuCrj rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 122:80-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Lee JJ, Kim HA, Lee J. The effects of Brassica juncea L. leaf extract on obesity and lipid profiles of rats fed a high-fat/high-cholesterol diet. Nutr Res Pract 2018; 12:298-306. [PMID: 30090167 PMCID: PMC6078866 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2018.12.4.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Obesity is a global health problem of significant importance which increases mortality. In place of anti-obesity drugs, natural products are being developed as alternative therapeutic materials. In this study, we investigated the effect of Brassica juncea L. leaf extract (BLE) on fat deposition and lipid profiles in high-fat, high-cholesterol diet (HFC)-induced obese rats. MATERIALS/METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups (n = 8 per group) according to diet: normal diet group (ND), high-fat/high-cholesterol diet group (HFC), HFC with 3% BLE diet group (HFC-A1), and HFC with 5% BLE diet group (HFC-A2). Each group was fed for 6 weeks. Rat body and adipose tissue weights, serum biochemical parameters, and tissue lipid contents were determined. The expression levels of mRNA and proteins involved in lipid and cholesterol metabolism were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis, respectively. RESULTS The HFC-A2 group showed significantly lower body weight gain and food efficiency ratio than the HFC group. BLE supplementation caused mesenteric, epididymal, and total adipose tissue weights to decrease. The serum levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly reduced, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly increased in rats fed BLE. These results were related to lower glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, acetyl-coA carboxylase, and fatty acid synthase mRNA expression, and to higher expression of the cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase and low density lipoprotein-receptor, as well as increased protein levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α. Histological analysis of the liver revealed decreased lipid droplets in HFC rats treated with BLE. CONCLUSIONS Supplementation of HFC with 3% or 5% BLE inhibited body fat accumulation, improved lipid profiles, and modulated lipogenesis- and cholesterol metabolism-related gene and protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Joon Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, 309, Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Hyun A Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, 309, Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Joomin Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, 309, Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Korea
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Inoue J, Miyata S, Shimizu M, Sato R. Isoxanthohumol stimulates ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent degradation of precursor forms of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 82:1591-1598. [PMID: 29804513 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1478715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) are transcription factors that regulate a wide variety of genes involved in fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis. In the present study, we identified that isoxanthohumol (IXN) suppressed SREBP activity. Low concentrations of IXN (10 and 30 μM) reduced the amount of mature forms of SREBPs, while high concentration of IXN (100 μM) reduced both precursor and mature forms of SREBPs in Huh-7 cells. The IXN-mediated decrease in the precursor forms of SREBPs in Huh-7 cells was completely abolished by culturing cells under sterol-supplemented conditions and was partly abolished by treatment with a proteasome inhibitor, MG132, but not a lysosome inhibitor, NH4Cl. Moreover, IXN accelerated the ubiquitination of the precursor forms of SREBP-1a. These results suggest that IXN suppresses SREBP activity, at least in part, via ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent degradation of the precursor forms of SREBPs. ABBREVIATIONS ACC1: acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1; DMEM: Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; 25-HC: 25-hydroxycholesterol; HMGCR: HMG-CoA reductase; HMGCS: HMG-CoA synthase; Insig: insulin-induced gene; IXN: isoxanthohumol; LPDS: lipoprotein-deficient serum; SCAP: SREBP cleavage-activating protein; SCD1: stearoyl-CoA desaturase; SREBPs: sterol regulatory element-binding proteins; XN: xanthohumol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Inoue
- a Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Biosciences , Tokyo University of Agriculture , Tokyo , Japan.,b Food Biochemistry laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry , Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Shingo Miyata
- b Food Biochemistry laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry , Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Makoto Shimizu
- b Food Biochemistry laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry , Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Sato
- b Food Biochemistry laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry , Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.,c Nutri-Life Science laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry , Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
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