1
|
Qin X, Fang Z, Zhang J, Zhao W, Zheng N, Wang X. Regulatory effect of Ganoderma lucidum and its active components on gut flora in diseases. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1362479. [PMID: 38572237 PMCID: PMC10990249 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1362479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Driven by the good developmental potential and favorable environment at this stage, Ganoderma lucidum is recognized as a precious large fungus with medicinal and nutritional health care values. Among them, polysaccharides, triterpenoids, oligosaccharides, trace elements, etc. are important bioactive components in G. lucidum. These bioactive components will have an impact on gut flora, thus alleviating diseases such as hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and obesity caused by gut flora disorder. While numerous studies have demonstrated the ability of G. lucidum and its active components to regulate gut flora, a systematic review of this mechanism is currently lacking. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the regulatory effects of G. lucidum and its active components on gut flora in cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and renal metabolic diseases, and summarize the research progress of G. lucidum active components in improving related diseases by regulating gut flora. Additionally, review delves into the principle by which G. lucidum and its active components can treat or assist treat diseases by regulating gut flora. The research progress of G. lucidum in intestinal tract and its potential in medicine, health food and clinical application were fully explored for researchers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinjie Qin
- College of Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Province Key Field of Social Sciences (Food Industry) Research Base, Changchun, China
| | - Zinan Fang
- College of Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Province Key Field of Social Sciences (Food Industry) Research Base, Changchun, China
| | - Jinkang Zhang
- College of Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Province Key Field of Social Sciences (Food Industry) Research Base, Changchun, China
| | - Wenbo Zhao
- College of Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Province Key Field of Social Sciences (Food Industry) Research Base, Changchun, China
| | - Ni Zheng
- College of Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Province Key Field of Social Sciences (Food Industry) Research Base, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoe Wang
- College of Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Province Key Field of Social Sciences (Food Industry) Research Base, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fan J, Zhu J, Zhu H, Zhang Y, Xu H. Potential therapeutic target for polysaccharide inhibition of colon cancer progression. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 10:1325491. [PMID: 38264044 PMCID: PMC10804854 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1325491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, colon cancer has become one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, posing a great threat to human health. Studies have shown that natural polysaccharides have rich biological activities and medicinal value, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, and immune-enhancing effects, especially with potential anti-colon cancer mechanisms. Natural polysaccharides can not only protect and enhance the homeostasis of the intestinal environment but also exert a direct inhibition effect on cancer cells, making it a promising strategy for treating colon cancer. Preliminary clinical experiments have demonstrated that oral administration of low and high doses of citrus pectin polysaccharides can reduce tumor volume in mice by 38% (p < 0.02) and 70% (p < 0.001), respectively. These results are encouraging. However, there are relatively few clinical studies on the effectiveness of polysaccharide therapy for colon cancer, and ensuring the effective bioavailability of polysaccharides in the body remains a challenge. In this article, we elucidate the impact of the physicochemical factors of polysaccharides on their anticancer effects and then reveal the anti-tumor effects and mechanisms of natural polysaccharides on colon cancer. Finally, we emphasize the challenges of using polysaccharides in the treatment of colon cancer and discuss future applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianshu Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - He Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yinmeng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Islam MR, Akash S, Rahman MM, Nowrin FT, Akter T, Shohag S, Rauf A, Aljohani AS, Simal-Gandara J. Colon cancer and colorectal cancer: Prevention and treatment by potential natural products. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 368:110170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
4
|
Cheng H, Liu J, Zhang D, Tan Y, Feng W, Peng C. Gut microbiota, bile acids, and nature compounds. Phytother Res 2022; 36:3102-3119. [PMID: 35701855 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Natural compounds (NPs) have historically made a major contribution to pharmacotherapy in various diseases and drug discovery. In the past decades, studies on gut microbiota have shown that the efficacy of NPs can be affected by the interactions between gut microbiota and NPs. On one hand, gut microbiota can metabolize NPs. On the other hand, NPs can influence the metabolism and composition of gut microbiota. Among gut microbiota metabolites, bile acids (BAs) have attracted widespread attention due to their effects on the body homeostasis and the development of diseases. Studies have also confirmed that NPs can regulate the metabolism of BAs and ultimately regulate the physiological function of the body and disease progresses. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the interactions among NPs, gut microbiota, and BAs. In addition, we also discuss the role of microbial BAs metabolism in understanding the toxicity and efficacy of NPs. Furthermore, we present personal insights into the future research directions of NPs and BAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuzhu Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wuwen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang R, Qian L. Research on Gut Microbiota-Derived Secondary Bile Acids in Cancer Progression. Integr Cancer Ther 2022; 21:15347354221114100. [PMID: 35880833 PMCID: PMC9421216 DOI: 10.1177/15347354221114100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction between gut microbiota-derived metabolites and the body plays a
significant role in the occurrence and development of cancer. Secondary bile
acids (BAs) are the important products produced from gut microbial fermentation
of primary BAs, mainly deoxycholic acid (DCA) and lithocholic acid (LCA). In the
gut, they can influence the structure of the microbial communities. Several
studies have demonstrated that secondary BAs, as signaling molecules, can
activate a variety of signaling pathways. They can inhibit the apoptosis of
cancer cells, induce the progression of cancer cell cycles, enhance the ability
of metastasis and invasion of cancer cells, and promote the transformation of
cells into cancer stem cells (CSCs). Moreover, secondary BAs promote cancer by
regulating the function of immune cells. Therefore, targeted manipulation of gut
microbial and secondary BAs has the potential to be developed as for treatment
and prevention of various cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Yang
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Li Qian
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu MM, Liu T, Yeung S, Wang Z, Andresen B, Parsa C, Orlando R, Zhou B, Wu W, Li X, Zhang Y, Wang C, Huang Y. Inhibitory activity of medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum on colorectal cancer by attenuating inflammation. PRECISION CLINICAL MEDICINE 2021; 4:231-245. [PMID: 35692861 PMCID: PMC8982591 DOI: 10.1093/pcmedi/pbab023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (GL, Reishi or Lingzhi) exhibits an inhibitory effect on cancers. However, the underlying mechanism of the antitumor activity of GL is not fully understood. In this study, we characterized the gene networks regulated by a commercial product of GL containing a mixture of spores and fruiting bodies namely “GLSF”, in colorectal carcinoma. We found that in vitro co-administration of GLSF extract at non-toxic concentrations significantly potentiated growth inhibition and apoptosis induced by paclitaxel in CT26 and HCT-15 cells. GLSF inhibited NF-κB promoter activity in HEK-293 cells but did not affect the function of P-glycoprotein in K562/DOX cells. Furthermore, we found that when mice were fed a modified diet containing GLSF for 1 month prior to the CT26 tumor cell inoculation, GLSF alone or combined with Nab-paclitaxel markedly suppressed tumor growth and induced apoptosis. RNA-seq analysis of tumor tissues derived from GLSF-treated mice identified 53 differentially expressed genes compared to normal tissues. Many of the GLSF-down-regulated genes were involved in NF-κB-regulated inflammation pathways, such as IL-1β, IL-11 and Cox-2. Pathway enrichment analysis suggested that several inflammatory pathways involving leukocyte migration and adhesion were most affected by the treatment. Upstream analysis predicted activation of multiple tumor suppressors such as α-catenin and TP53 and inhibition of critical inflammatory mediators. “Cancer” was the major significantly inhibited biological effect of GLSF treatment. These results demonstrate that GLSF can improve the therapeutic outcome for colorectal cancer through a mechanism involving suppression of NF-κB-regulated inflammation and carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mandy M Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Tiantian Liu
- Center for Genomics & Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Steven Yeung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Zhijun Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Marshall B. Ketchum University, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA
| | - Bradley Andresen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Cyrus Parsa
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
- Department of Pathology, Beverly Hospital, Montebello, California, CA 90640, USA
| | - Robert Orlando
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
- Department of Pathology, Beverly Hospital, Montebello, California, CA 90640, USA
| | - Bingsen Zhou
- Beijing Tong Ren Tang Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Beijing Tong Ren Tang Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xia Li
- Beijing Tong Ren Tang Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yilong Zhang
- Beijing Tong Ren Tang Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Charles Wang
- Center for Genomics & Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sun L, Yan Y, Chen D, Yang Y. Quxie Capsule Modulating Gut Microbiome and Its Association With T cell Regulation in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Result From a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Integr Cancer Ther 2021; 19:1534735420969820. [PMID: 33243018 PMCID: PMC7876934 DOI: 10.1177/1534735420969820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Quxie capsule(QX), a TCM compound, had shown benefit on survival outcomes for
metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC) patients and could inhibit tumor growth
through immune regulation. This study aimed to evaluate whether such effect
is associated with gut microbiome modulation. Method: We conducted a randomized double-blinded placebo controlled clinical trial in
Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. All patients
were randomly assigned into QX or placebo control group. Before and after
1-month interventions, we collected patients’ stool samples for microbiome
analysis by 16s rRNA sequencing approaches, as well as blood samples to
analyze T lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry methods. Microbiome analysis
among groups was done through bioinformation analysis platform. The study
had been proved by the ethics committee of Xiyuan Hospital (2016XLA122-1)
had been registered on Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration number:
ChiCTR2000029599). All patients consented before enrollment. Results: We randomly assigned 40 patients and 34 were finally analyzed. Among them,
29% were female, with an average age of 63 years old, and 74% had liver or
lung metastasis. Both CD4 T(TH) cell and CD8 T(TC) cell counts increased
after QX treatment, while TH cells were significantly more in QX than in
control group (737 vs 449, P = .024). Microbiome community
analysis on Class level showed that the proportion of
Actinobacteria declined in the control group, but
significantly increased after QX treatments (0.83% vs 4.7%,
P = .017). LEfSe analysis showed that after treatments,
samples from QX group were highly related with
Oscillibacter, Eubacterium, and
Lachnospiraceae. RDA analysis showed that after QX
interventions, stool samples and microbiome species had relevance with TC/TH
cells counts but were not statistically significant. Heatmap analysis on
Genus level revealed that after QX treatments, higher amounts of TH cells
were significantly associated with less abundance of
g_Bifidobacterium (coef. −0.76,
P = .002), Collinsella (coef.−0.61,
P = .02), Ruminiclostridium_9 (coef.
−0.64, P = .01). Conclusion: QX capsule could enhance TH cells level among mCRC patients and increase the
abundance of gut anticancer bacteria such as Actinobacteria
as well as butyrate-producing bacteria such as
Lachnospiraceae. These results indicated that QX
capsule might have the property of dual effects of antitumor and immunity
enhancement, both mediated by the microbiome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Sun
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yunzi Yan
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Dongmei Chen
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yufei Yang
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
El-Sayed A, Aleya L, Kamel M. The link among microbiota, epigenetics, and disease development. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:28926-28964. [PMID: 33860421 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13862-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The microbiome is a community of various microorganisms that inhabit or live on the skin of humans/animals, sharing the body space with their hosts. It is a sort of complex ecosystem of trillions of commensals, symbiotic, and pathogenic microorganisms, including trillions of bacteria, archaea, protozoa, fungi, and viruses. The microbiota plays a role in the health and disease status of the host. Their number, species dominance, and viability are dynamic. Their long-term disturbance is usually accompanied by serious diseases such as metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, or even cancer. While epigenetics is a term that refers to different stimuli that induce modifications in gene expression patterns without structural changes in the inherited DNA sequence, these changes can be reversible or even persist for several generations. Epigenetics can be described as cell memory that stores experience against internal and external factors. Results from multiple institutions have contributed to the role and close interaction of both microbiota and epigenetics in disease induction. Understanding the mechanisms of both players enables a better understanding of disease induction and development and also opens the horizon to revolutionary therapeutic approaches. The present review illustrates the roles of diet, microbiome, and epigenetics in the induction of several chronic diseases. In addition, it discusses the application of epigenetic data to develop diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutics and evaluate their safety for patients. Understanding the interaction among all these elements enables the development of innovative preventive/therapeutic approaches for disease control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amr El-Sayed
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, F-25030, Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Mohamed Kamel
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhao T, Wang Z, Liu Z, Xu Y. Pivotal Role of the Interaction Between Herbal Medicines and Gut Microbiota on Disease Treatment. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 22:336-346. [PMID: 32208116 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666200324151530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
With the recognition of the important role of gut microbiota in both health and disease progression, attempts to modulate its composition, as well as its co-metabolism with the organism, have attracted special attention. Abundant studies have demonstrated that dysfunction or imbalance of gut microbiota is closely related to disease progression, including endocrine diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, tumors, cardiovascular diseases, etc. Herbal medicines have been applied to prevent and treat diseases worldwide for hundreds of years. Although the underlying mechanism seems to be complex, one of the important ones is through modulating gut microbiota. In this review, co-metabolism between herbal medicines and microbiota, as well as the potential pathways are summarized from most recent published papers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhao
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, Macao
| | - Zhe Wang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, Macao
| | - Zhilong Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhuhai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhuhai, China
| | - Youhua Xu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, Macao
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Čoklo M, Maslov DR, Kraljević Pavelić S. Modulation of gut microbiota in healthy rats after exposure to nutritional supplements. Gut Microbes 2020; 12:1-28. [PMID: 32845788 PMCID: PMC7524141 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1779002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rats are experimental animals, frequently used as model organisms in the biomedical studies, and increasingly used to study the gut microbiota. Specifically, the aim of latter studies is either the elucidation of relationship between intestinal dysbiosis and diseases or the determination of nutrients or pharmaceutical agents which can cause the modulation in the presence or abundance of gut microbiota. AIM Herein, the research studies conducted on the gut microbiota of healthy rats are presented in a summarized and concise overview. The focus is on studies aimed to reveal the shifts in microbial composition and functional changes after exposure to various types of nutritional supplements. METHODS We performed the search of PubMed database using the term "rat gut microbiome microbiota" and examined studies aimed to assess the composition of gut microbiota in physiological homeostasis as well as the effect of various nutritional supplements on the gut microbiota of healthy rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirna Čoklo
- Department of Biotechnology, Centre for High-throughput Technologies, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Dina Rešetar Maslov
- Department of Biotechnology, Centre for High-throughput Technologies, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Sandra Kraljević Pavelić
- Department of Biotechnology, Centre for High-throughput Technologies, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tan BL, Norhaizan ME. Oxidative Stress, Diet and Prostate Cancer. World J Mens Health 2020; 39:195-207. [PMID: 32648373 PMCID: PMC7994655 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.200014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer has become the second leading cancer in men worldwide. Androgen plays an important role in normal functioning, development, and differentiation of the prostate, and thus is considered to be the most powerful candidate that mediates reactive oxygen species (ROS) balance in the prostate. The elevation of ROS has been associated with the progression and development of this disease. Conventional therapy has shown a high cure rate in patients with localized prostate cancer. Despite the patients respond favorably initially, this therapy fails to response in the advanced stage of the diseases even in the absence of androgens. Indeed, the onset and progression of prostate cancer could be prevented by changing dietary habits. Much information indicates that oxidative stress and prostate cancer can be modulated by dietary components rich in antioxidants. While there is substantial evidence to suggest an association between prostate cancer risk and ROS-mediated oxidative stress; therefore, the interactions and mechanisms of this phenomenon are worth to discuss further. This review aimed to discuss the mechanisms of action of oxidative stress involved in the progression of prostate cancer. We also highlighted how some of the vital dietary components dampen or exacerbate inflammation, oxidative stress, and prostate cancer. Overall, the reported information would provide a useful approach to the prevention of prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bee Ling Tan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Esa Norhaizan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.,Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.,Research Centre of Excellent, Nutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases (NNCD), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sabit H, Cevik E, Tombuloglu H. Colorectal cancer: The epigenetic role of microbiome. World J Clin Cases 2019; 7:3683-3697. [PMID: 31799293 PMCID: PMC6887622 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v7.i22.3683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in men (746000 cases per year) and the second most common cancer in women globally (614000 cases per year). The incidence rate of CRC in developed countries (737000 cases per year) is higher than that in less developed countries (624000 cases per year). CRC can arise from genetic causes such as chromosomal instability and microsatellite instability. Several etiologic factors underlie CRC including age, diet, and lifestyle. Gut microbiota represent a proven cause of the disease, where they play pivotal roles in modulating and reshaping the host epigenome. Several active microbial metabolites have been found to drive carcinogenesis, invasion, and metastasis via modifying both the methylation landscape along with histone structure in intestinal cells. Gut microbiota, in response to diet, can exert both beneficial and harmful functions in humans, according to the intestinal balance of number and types of these bacteria. Although the intestinal microbial community is diverse among individuals, these microbes cumulatively produce 100-fold more proteins than the human genome itself, which calls for further studies to elaborate on the complicated interaction between these microorganisms and intestinal cells. Therefore, understanding the exact role that gut microbiota play in inducing CRC will help attain reliable strategies to precisely diagnose and treat this fatal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Sabit
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Medical Research and Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emre Cevik
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Medical Research and Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huseyin Tombuloglu
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Medical Research and Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nirmagustina DE, Khedara A, Benouchenne D, Boubekri K, Yang Y, Suidasari S, Kumrungsee T, Kato N. High-dose D-glucosamine Consumption Increases Serum and Cecum Levels of Ammonia and Ethanol and Causes Bacterial Overgrowth in Rats. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.25.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdelkrim Khedara
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Mentouri Brothers, Constantine 1
| | - Djamila Benouchenne
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Mentouri Brothers, Constantine 1
| | - Karima Boubekri
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Mentouri Brothers, Constantine 1
| | - Yongshou Yang
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University
| | | | | | - Norihisa Kato
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Feng W, Ao H, Peng C. Gut Microbiota, Short-Chain Fatty Acids, and Herbal Medicines. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1354. [PMID: 30532706 PMCID: PMC6265305 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As an important source for traditional medical systems such as Ayurvedic medicine and traditional Chinese medicine, herbal medicines have received widespread attentions from all over the world, especially in developing countries. Over the past decade, studies on gut microbiota have generated rich information for understanding how gut microbiota shape the functioning of our body system. In view of the importance of gut microbiota, the researchers engaged in studying herbal medicines have paid more and more attention to gut microbiota and gut microbiota metabolites. Among a variety of gut microbiota metabolites, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have received most attention because of their important role in maintaining the hemostasis of hosts and recovery of diseases. Herbal medicines, as an important resource provider for production of SCFAs, have been demonstrated to be able to modulate gut microbiota composition and regulate SCFAs production. In this mini-review, we summarize current knowledge about SCFAs origination, the role of SCFAs in health and disease, the influence of herbal medicine on SCFAs production and the corresponding mechanisms. At the end of this review, the strategies and suggestions for further research of SCFAs and herbal medicines are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wuwen Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Ao
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tan BL, Norhaizan ME, Liew WPP. Nutrients and Oxidative Stress: Friend or Foe? OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:9719584. [PMID: 29643982 PMCID: PMC5831951 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9719584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There are different types of nutritionally mediated oxidative stress sources that trigger inflammation. Much information indicates that high intakes of macronutrients can promote oxidative stress and subsequently contribute to inflammation via nuclear factor-kappa B- (NF-κB-) mediated cell signaling pathways. Dietary carbohydrates, animal-based proteins, and fats are important to highlight here because they may contribute to the long-term consequences of nutritionally mediated inflammation. Oxidative stress is a central player of metabolic ailments associated with high-carbohydrate and animal-based protein diets and excessive fat consumption. Obesity has become an epidemic and represents the major risk factor for several chronic diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms of nutritionally mediated oxidative stress are complex and poorly understood. Therefore, this review aimed to explore how dietary choices exacerbate or dampen the oxidative stress and inflammation. We also discussed the implications of oxidative stress in the adipocyte and glucose metabolism and obesity-associated noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Taken together, a better understanding of the role of oxidative stress in obesity and the development of obesity-related NCDs would provide a useful approach. This is because oxidative stress can be mediated by both extrinsic and intrinsic factors, hence providing a plausible means for the prevention of metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bee Ling Tan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Esa Norhaizan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Research Centre of Excellent, Nutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases (NNCD), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Winnie-Pui-Pui Liew
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|