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Carvalho PM, Makowski M, Domingues MM, Martins IC, Santos NC. Lipid membrane-based therapeutics and diagnostics. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 704:108858. [PMID: 33798534 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Success rates in drug discovery are extremely low, and the imbalance between new drugs entering clinical research and their approval is steadily widening. Among the causes of the failure of new therapeutic agents are the lack of safety and insufficient efficacy. On the other hand, timely disease diagnosis may enable an early management of the disease, generally leading to better and less costly outcomes. Several strategies have been explored to overcome the barriers for drug development and facilitate diagnosis. Using lipid membranes as platforms for drug delivery or as biosensors are promising strategies, due to their biocompatibility and unique physicochemical properties. We examine some of the lipid membrane-based strategies for drug delivery and diagnostics, including their advantages and shortcomings. Regarding synthetic lipid membrane-based strategies for drug delivery, liposomes are the archetypic example of a successful approach, already with a long period of well-succeeded clinical application. The use of lipid membrane-based structures from biological sources as drug carriers, currently under clinical evaluation, is also discussed. These biomimetic strategies can enhance the in vivo lifetime of drug and delivery system by avoiding fast clearance, consequently increasing their therapeutic window. The strategies under development using lipid membranes for diagnostic purposes are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia M Carvalho
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marcin Makowski
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marco M Domingues
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ivo C Martins
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nuno C Santos
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisbon, Portugal.
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Yuba E. Development of functional liposomes by modification of stimuli-responsive materials and their biomedical applications. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:1093-1107. [PMID: 31960007 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02470k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes are a promising nanocarrier for drug delivery because of their biocompatibility and the encapsulation capacity of drugs. Liposomes can be functionalized easily by introduction of functional materials such as stimulus-responsive materials. Temperature-responsive liposomes and pH-responsive liposomes are representative stimulus-responsive liposomes that can deliver drugs to locally heated target tissues and intracellular organelles. Here, temperature-responsive liposomes for the selective release of cargo and pH-responsive liposomes for the induction of antigen-specific immunity are overviewed. Temperature-responsive polymer-modified liposomes immediately released drugs in response to heating, which achieved selective drug release at a tumour after topical heating of tumour-bearing mice. Introduction of MR-detectable molecules enabled the tracing of liposome accumulation into target sites to optimize the heating timing. These liposomes can also be combined with magnetic nanoparticles or carbon nanomaterials to attain magnetic field-responsive, electric field-responsive and light-responsive properties to support on-demand drug release or control of biological reactions using these external stimuli. pH-Responsive liposomes were produced by modification of poly(carboxylic acid) derivatives or by pH-responsive amphiphiles. These liposomes delivered antigenic proteins into the cytosol of antigen presenting cells, which induced cross-presentation and antigen-specific cellular immunity. Adjuvant molecules or bioactive polysaccharide-based pH-responsive polymers improved their immunity-inducing effect further, leading to tumour regression in tumour-bearing mice. Precise design and control of the structures of stimulus-responsive materials and combination with functional materials are expected to create novel methodologies to control biological functions and to produce highly potent liposomal drugs that can achieve selective release of bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Yuba
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
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Theerasilp M, Crespy D. pH-Responsive Nanofibers for Precise and Sequential Delivery of Multiple Payloads. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:4283-4290. [PMID: 35021443 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Effective combination therapies can be achieved by programming materials for controlling release sequence, timing, and dose of multiple payloads. Herein, we synthesize dextran esters by coesterification of dextran, which display responsive properties at a precise pH threshold between 5.0 and 7.0. Multilayers electrospun nanofibers are prepared so that three different payloads are entrapped in three different dextran esters. The release of the three drugs can be sequentially and independently activated by a gradual increase of pH value. Because both pH threshold and release kinetics are matching conditions encountered by aliments along the gastrointestinal tract, these dextran ester multilayer nanofibers are promising for oral drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Theerasilp
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Daniel Crespy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong 21210, Thailand
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Yuba E, Osaki T, Ono M, Park S, Harada A, Yamashita M, Azuma K, Tsuka T, Ito N, Imagawa T, Okamoto Y. Bleomycin-Loaded pH-Sensitive Polymer⁻Lipid-Incorporated Liposomes for Cancer Chemotherapy. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10010074. [PMID: 30966109 PMCID: PMC6415073 DOI: 10.3390/polym10010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapeutic systems with high antitumor effects and less adverse effects are eagerly desired. Here, a pH-sensitive delivery system for bleomycin (BLM) was developed using egg yolk phosphatidylcholine liposomes modified with poly(ethylene glycol)-lipid (PEG-PE) for long circulation in the bloodstream and 2-carboxycyclohexane-1-carboxylated polyglycidol-having distearoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (CHexPG-PE) for pH sensitization. The PEG-PE/CHexPG-PE-introduced liposomes showed content release responding to pH decrease and were taken up by tumor cells at a rate 2.5 times higher than that of liposomes without CHexPG-PE. BLM-loaded PEG-PE/CHexPG-PE-introduced liposomes exhibited comparable cytotoxicity with that of the free drug. Intravenous administration of these liposomes suppressed tumor growth more effectively in tumor-bearing mice than did the free drug and liposomes without CHexPG-PE. However, at a high dosage of BLM, these liposomes showed severe toxicity to the spleen, liver, and lungs, indicating the trapping of liposomes by mononuclear phagocyte systems, probably because of recognition of the carboxylates on the liposomes. An increase in PEG molecular weight on the liposome surface significantly decreased toxicity to the liver and spleen, although toxicity to the lungs remained. Further improvements such as the optimization of PEG density and lipid composition and the introduction of targeting ligands to the liposomes are required to increase therapeutic effects and to reduce adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Yuba
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Osaki
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
| | - Misato Ono
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
| | - Shinjae Park
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Harada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Masamichi Yamashita
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
| | - Kazuo Azuma
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Tsuka
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
| | - Norihiko Ito
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Imagawa
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
| | - Yoshiharu Okamoto
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
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Yuba E, Sakaguchi N, Kanda Y, Miyazaki M, Koiwai K. pH-Responsive Micelle-Based Cytoplasmic Delivery System for Induction of Cellular Immunity. Vaccines (Basel) 2017; 5:vaccines5040041. [PMID: 29113042 PMCID: PMC5748608 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines5040041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Cytoplasmic delivery of antigens is crucial for the induction of cellular immunity, which is an important immune response for the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. To date, fusogenic protein-incorporated liposomes and pH-responsive polymer-modified liposomes have been used to achieve cytoplasmic delivery of antigen via membrane rupture or fusion with endosomes. However, a more versatile cytoplasmic delivery system is desired for practical use. For this study, we developed pH-responsive micelles composed of dilauroyl phosphatidylcholine (DLPC) and deoxycholic acid and investigated their cytoplasmic delivery performance and immunity-inducing capability. (2) Methods: Interaction of micelles with fluorescence dye-loaded liposomes, intracellular distribution of micelles, and antigenic proteins were observed. Finally, antigen-specific cellular immune response was evaluated in vivo using ELIspot assay. (3) Results: Micelles induced leakage of contents from liposomes via lipid mixing at low pH. Micelles were taken up by dendritic cells mainly via macropinocytosis and delivered ovalbumin (OVA) into the cytosol. After intradermal injection of micelles and OVA, OVA-specific cellular immunity was induced in the spleen. (4) Conclusions: pH-responsive micelles composed of DLPC and deoxycholic acid are promising as enhancers of cytosol delivery of antigens and the induction capability of cellular immunity for the treatment of cancer immunotherapy and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Yuba
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 5998531, Japan.
| | | | - Yuhei Kanda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 5998531, Japan.
| | - Maiko Miyazaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 5998531, Japan.
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Development of pH-sensitive Dextran Derivatives with Strong Adjuvant Function and Their Application to Antigen Delivery. MEMBRANES 2017; 7:membranes7030041. [PMID: 28777336 PMCID: PMC5618126 DOI: 10.3390/membranes7030041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
To achieve efficient cancer immunotherapy, the induction of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-based cellular immunity is necessary. In order to induce cellular immunity, antigen carriers that can deliver antigen into cytosol of antigen presenting cells and can activate these cells are required. We previously developed 3-methyl glutarylated dextran (MGlu-Dex) for cytoplasmic delivery of antigen via membrane disruption ability at weakly acidic pH in endosome/lysosomes. MGlu-Dex-modified liposomes delivered model antigens into cytosol of dendritic cells and induced antigen-specific cellular immunity. However, their antitumor effects were not enough to complete the regression of the tumor. In this study, antigen delivery performance of dextran derivatives was improved by the introduction of more hydrophobic spacer groups next to carboxyl groups. 2-Carboxycyclohexane-1-carboxylated dextran (CHex-Dex) was newly synthesized as pH-responsive dextran derivative. CHex-Dex formed stronger hydrophobic domains at extremely weak acidic pH and destabilized lipid membrane more efficiently than MGlu-Dex. CHex-Dex-modified liposomes were taken up by dendritic cells 10 times higher than MGlu-Dex-modified liposomes and delivered model antigen into cytosol. Furthermore, CHex-Dex achieved 600 times higher IL-12 production from dendritic cells than MGlu-Dex. Therefore, CHex-Dex is promising as multifunctional polysaccharide having both cytoplasmic antigen delivery function and strong activation property of dendritic cells for induction of cellular immunity.
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