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Maccelli A, Vitanza L, Imbriano A, Fraschetti C, Filippi A, Goldoni P, Maurizi L, Ammendolia MG, Crestoni ME, Fornarini S, Menghini L, Carafa M, Marianecci C, Longhi C, Rinaldi F. Satureja montana L. Essential Oils: Chemical Profiles/Phytochemical Screening, Antimicrobial Activity and O/W NanoEmulsion Formulations. Pharmaceutics 2019; 12:pharmaceutics12010007. [PMID: 31861717 PMCID: PMC7022231 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical fingerprints of four different Satureja montana L. essential oils (SEOs) were assayed by an untargeted metabolomics approach based on Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry (MS) coupled with either electrospray ionization or atmospheric pressure chemical ionization ion sources. Analysis and relative quantification of the non-polar volatile fraction were conducted by gas chromatography (GC) coupled to MS. FT-ICR MS confirmed significant differences in the polar metabolite composition, while GC-MS analyses confirmed slight fluctuations in the relative amount of major terpenes and terpenoids, known to play a key role in antimicrobial mechanisms. Oil in eater (O/W) nanoemulsions (NEs) composed by SEOs and Tween 20 or Tween 80 were prepared and analyzed in terms of hydrodynamic diameter, ζ-potential and polydispersity index. The results confirm the formation of stable NEs homogeneous in size. Minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations of SEOs were determined towards Gram-positive (Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus haemolyticus) and Gram-negative clinical isolates (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens). Commercial SEO showed strongest antibacterial activity, while SEO 3 was found to be the most active among the lab made extractions. MIC and MBC values ranged from 0.39 to 6.25 mg·mL−1. Furthermore, a SEO structured in NEs formulation was able to preserve and improve antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Maccelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma-Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (A.M.); (A.I.); (C.F.); (A.F.); (M.E.C.); (S.F.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Luca Vitanza
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica e Malattie Infettive, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (L.V.); (P.G.); (L.M.)
| | - Anna Imbriano
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma-Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (A.M.); (A.I.); (C.F.); (A.F.); (M.E.C.); (S.F.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Caterina Fraschetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma-Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (A.M.); (A.I.); (C.F.); (A.F.); (M.E.C.); (S.F.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Antonello Filippi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma-Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (A.M.); (A.I.); (C.F.); (A.F.); (M.E.C.); (S.F.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Paola Goldoni
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica e Malattie Infettive, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (L.V.); (P.G.); (L.M.)
| | - Linda Maurizi
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica e Malattie Infettive, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (L.V.); (P.G.); (L.M.)
| | - Maria Grazia Ammendolia
- National Center of Innovative Technologies in Public Health, Italian National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Maria Elisa Crestoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma-Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (A.M.); (A.I.); (C.F.); (A.F.); (M.E.C.); (S.F.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Simonetta Fornarini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma-Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (A.M.); (A.I.); (C.F.); (A.F.); (M.E.C.); (S.F.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Luigi Menghini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università G. d’Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Maria Carafa
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma-Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (A.M.); (A.I.); (C.F.); (A.F.); (M.E.C.); (S.F.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Carlotta Marianecci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma-Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (A.M.); (A.I.); (C.F.); (A.F.); (M.E.C.); (S.F.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Catia Longhi
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica e Malattie Infettive, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (L.V.); (P.G.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-4991-4629
| | - Federica Rinaldi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma-Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (A.M.); (A.I.); (C.F.); (A.F.); (M.E.C.); (S.F.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (F.R.)
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Ibáñez MD, Blázquez MA. Herbicidal value of essential oils from oregano-like flavour species. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2017.1332010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- María Dolores Ibáñez
- Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Amparo Blázquez
- Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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Baruah K, Norouzitallab P, Phong HPPD, Smagghe G, Bossier P. Enhanced resistance against Vibrio harveyi infection by carvacrol and its association with the induction of heat shock protein 72 in gnotobiotic Artemia franciscana. Cell Stress Chaperones 2017; 22:377-387. [PMID: 28303510 PMCID: PMC5425368 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-017-0775-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Induction of HSP72 is a natural response of stressed organisms that protects against many insults including bacterial diseases in farm (aquatic) animals. It would therefore be of great health benefit to search for natural compounds that are clinically safe yet able to induce HSP72 in animals. The phenolic compound carvacrol, an approved food component, had been shown in in vitro study to act as a co-inducer of HSP72, enhancing HSP72 production only in combination with a bona fide stress compared to the compound alone. However, in vitro model systems do not completely represent an in vivo physiology. Here, using the well-established gnotobiotic Artemia model system, we determined whether carvacrol could induce HSP72 in vivo, whether this putative effect could generate resistance in Artemia against biotic/abiotic stress and also unraveled the mechanism behind the possible HSP72-inducing effect of carvacrol. The gnotobiotic system is crucial for such studies because it avoids the interference of any extraneous factors on host-compound interaction. Here, carvacrol was shown to be a potent HSP72 inducer. Induction of HSP72 was associated with the generation of resistance in Artemia larvae against subsequent lethal heat stress or pathogenic Vibrio harveyi. Our results also provided new insight on the mode of HSP72 inducing action of carvacrol, in which the initial generation of reactive molecule H2O2 by the compound plays a key role. Overall results add new information about the bioactivity of carvacrol and advance our knowledge of this compound as potential prophylactic agent for controlling Vibrio infection in aquaculture animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartik Baruah
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Parisa Norouzitallab
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Immunology and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ho Phuong Pham Duy Phong
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Crop Protection, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Bossier
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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Stelter K, Frahm J, Paulsen J, Berk A, Kleinwächter M, Selmar D, Dänicke S. Effects of oregano on performance and immunmodulating factors in weaned piglets. Arch Anim Nutr 2014; 67:461-76. [PMID: 24228909 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2013.858897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Many health effects can be attributed to the Mediterranean herb oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) and several studies demonstrated the improving effect on performance, changes in blood count, antibacterial, antifungal and immunmodulating abilities. The majority of these investigations were carried out with processed essential oil, while whole plant material was only used in a few studies. Thus, the aim of the present experiment was to test the effect of increasing proportions of dried oregano in piglet feed on health and performance, with a special focus on immune modulation. A total of 80 male castrated weaned piglets (body weight [BW] 7.9 kg ± 1.0 kg) were used in a feeding experiment lasting 5 weeks. They were assigned to 4 experimental groups: a control diet, and three diets with an oregano supplementation at 2 g, 4 g and 8 g per kg feed, respectively, corresponding to 23.5 mg, 46.9 mg and 93.9 mg carvacrol/kg DM. After 3 weeks, half of each group was challenged with 5 µg lipopolysaccharides (LPS) per kg BW. Blood samples were collected 2 h after LPS stimulation and analysed for T-cell phenotypes, granulocyte activity, clinical-chemistry as well as white and red blood count. The results indicate no effects of oregano on performance. In contrast, oregano altered the lymphocyte proportion and the ratio of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cells as well as the triglyceride concentration in the serum of non-stimulated and in LPS-stimulated piglets. In conclusion, whole plant supplementation of oregano to piglet feed altered immune-related parameters, but did not modulate the acute inflammatory response induced by LPS stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Stelter
- a Institute of Animal Nutrition , Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute (FLI), Federal Research Institute for Animal Health , Braunschweig , Germany
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Kundaković T, Stanojković T, Kolundžija B, Marković S, Šukilović B, Milenković M, Lakušić B. Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oil from Satureja montana subsp. pisidica (Lamiceae). Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400900437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of the essential oil of Satureja montana ssp. pisidica from two localities (mountains Korab and Galičica) were studied. Forty-nine components were identified in the each sample. Oxygenated monoterpene hydrocarbons were the major compounds: carvacrol, thymol, carvacrol methyl ether and β-linalool. Both tested essential oils showed very high and similar antimicrobial activity. Minimal inhibitory concentrations ranged from 12.5 μg/mL against S. epidermidis to 50 μg/mL against P. aeruginosa and C. albicans. The cytotoxic effect of the essential oils was tested against MDA-MB-361, MDA-MB-453, HeLa, LS174 and MRC5 cells. The essential oil from Korab demonstrated significantly better results than the oil from Galičica, particularly against HeLa and MDA-MB-453 cell lines, with IC50 values of 63.5 and 72.3 μg/mL, while the oil from Galičica was the most active on the human epithelial cervical cancer HeLa cells (IC50 99.7 μg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Kundaković
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Branka Kolundžija
- Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Stevan Marković
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Marina Milenković
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branislava Lakušić
- Department of Botany, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
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Liang WZ, Chou CT, Lu T, Chi CC, Tseng LL, Pan CC, Lin KL, Kuo CC, Jan CR. The mechanism of carvacrol-evoked [Ca2+]i rises and non-Ca2+-triggered cell death in OC2 human oral cancer cells. Toxicology 2012; 303:152-61. [PMID: 23146755 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2012.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Carvacrol is one of the main substances of essential oil which triggers intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization and causes cytotoxicity in diverse cell models. However, the mechanism of carvacrol-induced Ca(2+) movement and cytotoxicity is not fully understood. This study examined the effect of carvacrol on cytosolic free Ca(2+) concentrations ([Ca(2+)](i)), cell viability and apoptosis in OC2 human oral cancer cells. Carvacrol induced a [Ca(2+)](i) rise and the signal was reduced by removal of extracellular Ca(2+). Carvacrol-induced Ca(2+) entry was not altered by store-operated Ca(2+) channel inhibitors and protein kinase C (PKC) activator, but was inhibited by a PKC inhibitor. In Ca(2+) -free medium, treatment with the endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) pump inhibitor thapsigargin (TG) or 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone (BHQ) inhibited carvacrol-induced [Ca(2+)](i) rise. Conversely, incubation with carvacrol inhibited TG or BHQ-induced [Ca(2+)](i) rise. Inhibition of phospholipase C (PLC) with U73122 abolished carvacrol-induced [Ca(2+)](i) rise. Carvacrol decreased cell viability, which was not reversed when cytosolic Ca(2+) was chelated with BAPTA-AM (1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid-acetoxymethyl ester). Carvacrol-induced apoptosis and activation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and caspase-3. Together, carvacrol induced a [Ca(2+)](i) rise by inducing PLC-dependent Ca(2+) release from the endoplasmic reticulum and Ca(2+) entry via PKC-sensitive, non store-operated Ca(2+) channels. Carvacrol-induced ROS- and caspase-3-associated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Zhe Liang
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan, ROC
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HUANG TZOUCHI, CHANG JENYU, LIU HUNGJEN, TSAI SHINNSHYONG, CHANG TSUNGCHOU, HO CHITANG, CHUANG KUOPIN. ERIODICTYOL DECREASES REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES PRODUCTION AND INHIBITS P47PHOXCLUSTERING AND TRANSLOCATION IN MONOCYTES. J Food Biochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2011.00645.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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8
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Carvacrol-induced [Ca2+]i rise and apoptosis in human glioblastoma cells. Life Sci 2012; 90:703-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2012.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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