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Yu C, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Li M, Xie X, Xie L. Hope level and associated factors among older people living with HIV/AIDS: a cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1371675. [PMID: 38694993 PMCID: PMC11061488 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1371675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In China, little is known about the hope level of older people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). This study was to examine the hope level of older PLWHA in China and identify related factors. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in Sichuan province in China among older PLWHA. A standardized self-report questionnaire, the Herth Hope Index, was adopted. Multiple linear regression was used to identify factors influencing hope level. p-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results There were 314 participants with an average age of 64.5 (SD ± 8.7). Most of the participants were males (72.6%), primary school and below (65.9%), rural household registration (58.6%) and married (64.3%). More than half of the older adults had pension insurance, had a monthly income of more than RMB 1,000 and considered themselves to be in good health. About 80% confirmed being diagnosed for more than a year and disclosed their HIV status to family and friends. The majority of the population had low medium social support (79%). More than 80% had moderate and severe HIV stigma. Many older PLWHA had medium and high levels of hope, with an average score of 34.31 (SD ± 4.85). Multiple linear regression showed that having pension insurance (β = 1.337, p = 0.015), longer diagnosis (β = 0.497, p = 0.031), better self-reported health (β = 1.416, p<0.001) and higher levels of social support (β = 2.222, p < 0.001) were positively associated with higher levels of hope. HIV stigma (β = -1.265, p < 0.001) was negatively correlated with hope level. Conclusion The hope level of older PLWHA is good, but there is still room for improvement, and its hope is related to multiple factors. Therefore, the AIDS-related healthcare sector should pay special attention to the hope of older PLWHA, help them to improve their health, provide financial assistance and social aid to those with financial difficulties, and take measures to reduce HIV stigma, improve family support for the older adults, and guide the older adults to adopt a positive approach to life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlan Yu
- Outpatient Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Outpatient Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuli Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Branch of The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Gynecology, The First Branch of The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Xie
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Longsheng Xie
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Gibbs A, Desmond C, Barnett T, Shahmanesh M, Seeley J. Is hope associated with HIV-acquisition risk and intimate partner violence amongst young women and men? A cross-sectional study in urban informal settlements in South Africa. AIDS Care 2023; 35:833-840. [PMID: 36435964 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2022.2143470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hope is a concept that may mediate between the structural constraints people live under and their HIV-acquisition risk behaviours/experiences. Drawing on data collected as the baseline for an intervention trial between September 2015 and September 2016, among young (18-30-year-old), out-of-school women and men in urban informal settlements in Durban, South Africa, we assess whether hope, assessed by the Snyder Hope Scale, is associated with HIV-risk behaviours/experiences. 677 women (35.5%; 33.7%; 30.9%; low, medium, and high hope scores respectively) and 668 men (40.6%; 32.8%; 26.7%; low, medium, and high hope scores respectively) were included. Among women, adjusted analyses showed high levels of hope, compared to low levels, were associated with greater modern contraceptive use (aOR1.57, 1.04-2.37). For men, medium or high levels of hope, compared to low levels, were associated with reduced physical and/or sexual IPV perpetration (med: aOR0.55, 0.38-0.81, high: 0.38, 0.25-0.57), emotional IPV perpetration (med: aOR0.54, 0.36-0.80, high: aOR0.62, 0.41-0.94) and transactional sex (med: 0.57, 0.38-0.84, high: aOR0.57, 0.39-0.86) respectively. For men, hope potentially captured a pathway between an individual's structural context and their HIV-risk behaviour. Yet this was not the case for women. It may be the Snyder Hope Scale does not adequately capture localised meanings of hope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Gibbs
- Department of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
- Gender and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa
- School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Chris Desmond
- School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Tony Barnett
- Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
- Firoz Lalji Institute for Africa, London School of Economics, London, UK
| | - Maryam Shahmanesh
- School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Janet Seeley
- School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
- Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Scioli A. Emotional and spiritual hope: Back to the future. Curr Opin Psychol 2023; 49:101493. [PMID: 36473376 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A cognitive approach to hope has dominated psychology for five decades. Representing the farthest reaches of human intentionality, hope, thus rendered, can be viewed as both a product and promoter of the cognitive revolution and larger Western ideals. A different understanding of hope appears in medicine, the arts and humanities, as well as early psychological accounts. In this article, I review evidence for understanding hope as an emotion with extra-rational elements. I focus on recent research but also incorporate classic insights, highlighting grounded studies (e.g., lay beliefs and clinical data) as well as empirical data that distinguishes an emotional and spiritual hope from the cognitive construct. A motivational account of hope is offered, highlighting the needs for attachment, survival, mastery, and spirituality.
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Zhang X, Ju B, Tu J, Wang B, Liu X, Wang Z, Cheng Y, Zhang C, He Y. The possibility of impossibility: The hope for a cure among terminally ill cancer patients in China. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2022; 31:e13724. [PMID: 36193852 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.13724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although the medical potential of the hope for a cure has been fiercely debated within academia, few researchers have approached this topic from the perspective of terminally ill cancer patients themselves. As such, this article aims to help bridge the gap by exploring how terminally ill cancer patients in China construct the hope for a cure. METHODS Seventeen terminally ill cancer patients were recruited from the department of oncology at a tertiary hospital, where data were collected through individual interviews and participatory observation from April to December 2020 and analysed via thematic analysis. RESULTS The respondents experienced a dynamic swing between construction and denial of the hope for a cure. Furthermore, the patients negotiated between three forms of hope, including the hope for a cure, the hope for prolonged life expectancy and the hope of living in the moment. Meanwhile, family-oriented hope was centred on intergenerational relationships, which further shaped the construction of the hope for a cure. CONCLUSION Medical staff needs to be sensitive to terminally ill cancer patients' dynamic swing, negotiation and motivation during the process of constructing the hope for a cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bei Ju
- Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Jiong Tu
- Department of Sociology, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhechen Wang
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Development and Public Policy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Department of Medical Humanities, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Anthropology, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changhua Zhang
- Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yulong He
- Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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Stroumpouki T, Perrett S, Kasdovasilis P, Papatheodorou P, Paparizos V, Stavropoulou A. "A journey towards acceptance": The process of adapting to life with HIV in Greece. A Qualitative study. Appl Nurs Res 2020; 53:151249. [PMID: 32451004 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2020.151249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Aim To identify the experiences related to adaptation for people living with HIV in Greece and to explore different adaptation stages as well as their individual reactions. BACKGROUND Receiving an HIV positive diagnosis leads to major changes in an individual's life and it can trigger an array of emotions including fear, despair and loss of control. As the profile of the disease has changed due to its transition into a chronic disease and extended life expectancy, adaptation to life and coping with uncertain events is of paramount importance. METHOD Interpretative phenomenological research design was used to guide data collection and analysis. A purposive sampling technique was used. Ethical procedures were taken into account and nine individuals who were diagnosed with HIV took part in the study using semi-structured interviews. RESULTS Data analysis revealed the different stages of adaptation that the participants experienced after an HIV positive diagnosis. A superordinate theme identified as 'a journey towards acceptance' while five subthemes were formed, namely, 'Communicating the bad news, Conscious loneliness, Getting information, Receiving Support, and Moving on with hope'. CONCLUSION An HIV positive diagnosis can affect the very core of the individual as the essence of -self- is targeted and in need of reform. Education, empathy, family and social support can help the individual make small steps towards a greater journey, that of acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Stroumpouki
- Acute Adult Nursing, Faculty of Health, Social Care and Education, Kingston University and St George's, University of London, Kingston Hill Campus, Kingston upon Thames KT2 7LB, United Kingdom.
| | - Stephanie Perrett
- Health and Justice, Health Protection Team, Public Health Wales, 4th Floor, Number 2 Capital Quarter, Tyndall Way, Cardiff CF10 4BZ, United Kingdom.
| | - Pavlos Kasdovasilis
- Health Psychology, Business Improvement and Research Manager, Rehability UK, 25 Hatton Place, 118 Midland Rd, Luton, LU2 0FB, United Kingdom
| | | | - Vasilios Paparizos
- HIV/AIDS Unit, 'A. Syggros' Hospital, 5 I. Dragoumi Str., Kessariani 161 21, Athens, Greece
| | - Areti Stavropoulou
- Department of Nursing, University of West Attica, Ag. Spiridonos 28, 12243 Aegaleo, Greece.
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Zhang X, Zou R, Liao X, Bernardo ABI, Du H, Wang Z, Cheng Y, He Y. Perceived Stress, Hope, and Health Outcomes Among Medical Staff in China During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:588008. [PMID: 33584363 PMCID: PMC7873910 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.588008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the buffering role of hope between perceived stress and health outcomes among front-line medical staff treating patients with suspected COVID-19 infection in Shenzhen, China. In the cross-sectional study with online questionnaires, medical staff's perceived stress, anxiety, depression, sleep quality, and hope were measured by the 10-item Chinese Perceived Stress Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Locus-of-Hope Scale, respectively. A total of 319 eligible front-line medical staff participated. The prevalence of anxiety (29.70%), depression (28.80%), poor sleep quality (38.90%) indicated that a considerable proportion of medical staff experienced mood and sleep disturbances during the COVID-19 pandemic. Internal locus-of-hope significantly moderated the effects of stress on anxiety, depression, and sleep quality. Moreover, external family locus-of-hope and external peer locus-of-hope significantly moderated the association between perceived stress and depression. The prevalence of symptoms indicates that both mental and physical health outcomes of front-line medical staff deserve more attention. Internal and external locus-of-hope functioned differently as protective factors for medical staffs' health and might be promising targets for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Medical Humanities, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rong Zou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Sport Training and Monitoring, Department of Psychology, College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxing Liao
- The Emergency and Disaster Rescue Medical Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Hongfei Du
- Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, China
| | - Zhechen Wang
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Development and Public Policy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Department of Medical Humanities, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Anthropology, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulong He
- Center for Digestive Disease, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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Scioli A, Scioli-Salter ER, Sykes K, Anderson C, Fedele M. The positive contributions of hope to maintaining and restoring health: An integrative, mixed-method approach. THE JOURNAL OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2015.1037858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Liamputtong P, Haritavorn N, Kiatying-Angsulee N. Local discourse on antiretrovirals and the lived experience of women living with HIV/AIDS in Thailand. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2015; 25:253-263. [PMID: 25212858 DOI: 10.1177/1049732314550005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Antiretrovirals (ARVs) have been seen as life-saving for HIV-positive people. However, ARVs have a darker side. Since 2000, many HIV-positive people in Thailand have received ARV treatments, but the understanding of ARVs and practices of medication-taking among HIV-positive women have not received much attention. We discuss local discourses employed by HIV-positive women and health work by these individuals in their attempts to adhere to ARVs restrictions. The local discourse of ARVs was ya tan rok AIDS "medications that could resist HIV/AIDS." ARVs provided hope for the women. Although the women were affected by the side effects of ARVs, they continued to take their medication to be able to live longer and perform their duties as mothers and carers. They were more concerned about the practice of medication-taking. Understanding why these women were adherent to their ARVs offers insights into the social impact of these ARVs on their lives.
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Goodin BR, Bulls HW. Optimism and the experience of pain: benefits of seeing the glass as half full. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2013; 17:329. [PMID: 23519832 DOI: 10.1007/s11916-013-0329-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
There is a strong body of literature that lends support to the health-promoting effects of an optimistic personality disposition, observed across various physical and psychological dimensions. In accordance with this evidence base, it has been suggested that optimism may positively influence the course and experience of pain. Although the associations among optimism and pain outcomes have only recently begun to be studied adequately, emerging experimental and clinical research links optimism to lower pain sensitivity and better adjustment to chronic pain. This review highlights recent studies that have examined the effects of optimism on the pain experience using samples of individuals with clinically painful conditions, as well as healthy samples in laboratory settings. Furthermore, factors such as catastrophizing, hope, acceptance and coping strategies, which are thought to play a role in how optimism exerts its beneficial effects on pain, are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burel R Goodin
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Boulevard, Campbell Hall, Room 328, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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Placing hope in self and others: Exploring the relationships among self-construals, locus of hope, and adjustment. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2012.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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